xref: /freebsd/libexec/rtld-elf/rtld.h (revision 2830819497fb2deae3dd71574592ace55f2fbdba)
1 /*-
2  * Copyright 1996, 1997, 1998, 1999, 2000 John D. Polstra.
3  * All rights reserved.
4  *
5  * Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
6  * modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions
7  * are met:
8  * 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
9  *    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
10  * 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright
11  *    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the
12  *    documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
13  *
14  * THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE AUTHOR ``AS IS'' AND ANY EXPRESS OR
15  * IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE IMPLIED WARRANTIES
16  * OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE ARE DISCLAIMED.
17  * IN NO EVENT SHALL THE AUTHOR BE LIABLE FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT,
18  * INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT
19  * NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE,
20  * DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION) HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY
21  * THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT LIABILITY, OR TORT
22  * (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE OF
23  * THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE.
24  *
25  * $FreeBSD$
26  */
27 
28 #ifndef RTLD_H /* { */
29 #define RTLD_H 1
30 
31 #include <machine/elf.h>
32 #include <sys/types.h>
33 #include <sys/queue.h>
34 
35 #include <elf-hints.h>
36 #include <link.h>
37 #include <stdarg.h>
38 #include <setjmp.h>
39 #include <stddef.h>
40 
41 #include "rtld_lock.h"
42 #include "rtld_machdep.h"
43 
44 #define NEW(type)	((type *) xmalloc(sizeof(type)))
45 #define CNEW(type)	((type *) xcalloc(1, sizeof(type)))
46 
47 /* We might as well do booleans like C++. */
48 typedef unsigned char bool;
49 #define false	0
50 #define true	1
51 
52 extern size_t tls_last_offset;
53 extern size_t tls_last_size;
54 extern size_t tls_static_space;
55 extern int tls_dtv_generation;
56 extern int tls_max_index;
57 
58 extern int npagesizes;
59 extern size_t *pagesizes;
60 
61 extern int main_argc;
62 extern char **main_argv;
63 extern char **environ;
64 
65 struct stat;
66 struct Struct_Obj_Entry;
67 
68 /* Lists of shared objects */
69 typedef struct Struct_Objlist_Entry {
70     STAILQ_ENTRY(Struct_Objlist_Entry) link;
71     struct Struct_Obj_Entry *obj;
72 } Objlist_Entry;
73 
74 typedef STAILQ_HEAD(Struct_Objlist, Struct_Objlist_Entry) Objlist;
75 
76 /* Types of init and fini functions */
77 typedef void (*InitFunc)(void);
78 typedef void (*InitArrFunc)(int, char **, char **);
79 
80 /* Lists of shared object dependencies */
81 typedef struct Struct_Needed_Entry {
82     struct Struct_Needed_Entry *next;
83     struct Struct_Obj_Entry *obj;
84     unsigned long name;		/* Offset of name in string table */
85 } Needed_Entry;
86 
87 typedef struct Struct_Name_Entry {
88     STAILQ_ENTRY(Struct_Name_Entry) link;
89     char   name[1];
90 } Name_Entry;
91 
92 /* Lock object */
93 typedef struct Struct_LockInfo {
94     void *context;		/* Client context for creating locks */
95     void *thelock;		/* The one big lock */
96     /* Debugging aids. */
97     volatile int rcount;	/* Number of readers holding lock */
98     volatile int wcount;	/* Number of writers holding lock */
99     /* Methods */
100     void *(*lock_create)(void *context);
101     void (*rlock_acquire)(void *lock);
102     void (*wlock_acquire)(void *lock);
103     void (*rlock_release)(void *lock);
104     void (*wlock_release)(void *lock);
105     void (*lock_destroy)(void *lock);
106     void (*context_destroy)(void *context);
107 } LockInfo;
108 
109 typedef struct Struct_Ver_Entry {
110 	Elf_Word     hash;
111 	unsigned int flags;
112 	const char  *name;
113 	const char  *file;
114 } Ver_Entry;
115 
116 typedef struct Struct_Sym_Match_Result {
117     const Elf_Sym *sym_out;
118     const Elf_Sym *vsymp;
119     int vcount;
120 } Sym_Match_Result;
121 
122 #define VER_INFO_HIDDEN	0x01
123 
124 /*
125  * Shared object descriptor.
126  *
127  * Items marked with "(%)" are dynamically allocated, and must be freed
128  * when the structure is destroyed.
129  *
130  * CAUTION: It appears that the JDK port peeks into these structures.
131  * It looks at "next" and "mapbase" at least.  Don't add new members
132  * near the front, until this can be straightened out.
133  */
134 typedef struct Struct_Obj_Entry {
135     /*
136      * These two items have to be set right for compatibility with the
137      * original ElfKit crt1.o.
138      */
139     Elf_Size magic;		/* Magic number (sanity check) */
140     Elf_Size version;		/* Version number of struct format */
141 
142     struct Struct_Obj_Entry *next;
143     char *path;			/* Pathname of underlying file (%) */
144     char *origin_path;		/* Directory path of origin file */
145     int refcount;
146     int dl_refcount;		/* Number of times loaded by dlopen */
147 
148     /* These items are computed by map_object() or by digest_phdr(). */
149     caddr_t mapbase;		/* Base address of mapped region */
150     size_t mapsize;		/* Size of mapped region in bytes */
151     size_t textsize;		/* Size of text segment in bytes */
152     Elf_Addr vaddrbase;		/* Base address in shared object file */
153     caddr_t relocbase;		/* Relocation constant = mapbase - vaddrbase */
154     const Elf_Dyn *dynamic;	/* Dynamic section */
155     caddr_t entry;		/* Entry point */
156     const Elf_Phdr *phdr;	/* Program header if it is mapped, else NULL */
157     size_t phsize;		/* Size of program header in bytes */
158     const char *interp;		/* Pathname of the interpreter, if any */
159     Elf_Word stack_flags;
160 
161     /* TLS information */
162     int tlsindex;		/* Index in DTV for this module */
163     void *tlsinit;		/* Base address of TLS init block */
164     size_t tlsinitsize;		/* Size of TLS init block for this module */
165     size_t tlssize;		/* Size of TLS block for this module */
166     size_t tlsoffset;		/* Offset of static TLS block for this module */
167     size_t tlsalign;		/* Alignment of static TLS block */
168 
169     caddr_t relro_page;
170     size_t relro_size;
171 
172     /* Items from the dynamic section. */
173     Elf_Addr *pltgot;		/* PLT or GOT, depending on architecture */
174     const Elf_Rel *rel;		/* Relocation entries */
175     unsigned long relsize;	/* Size in bytes of relocation info */
176     const Elf_Rela *rela;	/* Relocation entries with addend */
177     unsigned long relasize;	/* Size in bytes of addend relocation info */
178     const Elf_Rel *pltrel;	/* PLT relocation entries */
179     unsigned long pltrelsize;	/* Size in bytes of PLT relocation info */
180     const Elf_Rela *pltrela;	/* PLT relocation entries with addend */
181     unsigned long pltrelasize;	/* Size in bytes of PLT addend reloc info */
182     const Elf_Sym *symtab;	/* Symbol table */
183     const char *strtab;		/* String table */
184     unsigned long strsize;	/* Size in bytes of string table */
185 #ifdef __mips__
186     Elf_Word local_gotno;	/* Number of local GOT entries */
187     Elf_Word symtabno;		/* Number of dynamic symbols */
188     Elf_Word gotsym;		/* First dynamic symbol in GOT */
189 #endif
190 
191     const Elf_Verneed *verneed; /* Required versions. */
192     Elf_Word verneednum;	/* Number of entries in verneed table */
193     const Elf_Verdef  *verdef;	/* Provided versions. */
194     Elf_Word verdefnum;		/* Number of entries in verdef table */
195     const Elf_Versym *versyms;  /* Symbol versions table */
196 
197     const Elf_Hashelt *buckets;	/* Hash table buckets array */
198     unsigned long nbuckets;	/* Number of buckets */
199     const Elf_Hashelt *chains;	/* Hash table chain array */
200     unsigned long nchains;	/* Number of entries in chain array */
201 
202     Elf32_Word nbuckets_gnu;		/* Number of GNU hash buckets*/
203     Elf32_Word symndx_gnu;		/* 1st accessible symbol on dynsym table */
204     Elf32_Word maskwords_bm_gnu;  	/* Bloom filter words - 1 (bitmask) */
205     Elf32_Word shift2_gnu;		/* Bloom filter shift count */
206     Elf32_Word dynsymcount;		/* Total entries in dynsym table */
207     Elf_Addr *bloom_gnu;		/* Bloom filter used by GNU hash func */
208     const Elf_Hashelt *buckets_gnu;	/* GNU hash table bucket array */
209     const Elf_Hashelt *chain_zero_gnu;	/* GNU hash table value array (Zeroed) */
210 
211     char *rpath;		/* Search path specified in object */
212     char *runpath;		/* Search path with different priority */
213     Needed_Entry *needed;	/* Shared objects needed by this one (%) */
214     Needed_Entry *needed_filtees;
215     Needed_Entry *needed_aux_filtees;
216 
217     STAILQ_HEAD(, Struct_Name_Entry) names; /* List of names for this object we
218 					       know about. */
219     Ver_Entry *vertab;		/* Versions required /defined by this object */
220     int vernum;			/* Number of entries in vertab */
221 
222     Elf_Addr init;		/* Initialization function to call */
223     Elf_Addr fini;		/* Termination function to call */
224     Elf_Addr preinit_array;	/* Pre-initialization array of functions */
225     Elf_Addr init_array;	/* Initialization array of functions */
226     Elf_Addr fini_array;	/* Termination array of functions */
227     int preinit_array_num;	/* Number of entries in preinit_array */
228     int init_array_num; 	/* Number of entries in init_array */
229     int fini_array_num; 	/* Number of entries in fini_array */
230 
231     int32_t osrel;		/* OSREL note value */
232 
233     bool mainprog : 1;		/* True if this is the main program */
234     bool rtld : 1;		/* True if this is the dynamic linker */
235     bool relocated : 1;		/* True if processed by relocate_objects() */
236     bool ver_checked : 1;	/* True if processed by rtld_verify_object_versions */
237     bool textrel : 1;		/* True if there are relocations to text seg */
238     bool symbolic : 1;		/* True if generated with "-Bsymbolic" */
239     bool bind_now : 1;		/* True if all relocations should be made first */
240     bool traced : 1;		/* Already printed in ldd trace output */
241     bool jmpslots_done : 1;	/* Already have relocated the jump slots */
242     bool init_done : 1;		/* Already have added object to init list */
243     bool tls_done : 1;		/* Already allocated offset for static TLS */
244     bool phdr_alloc : 1;	/* Phdr is allocated and needs to be freed. */
245     bool z_origin : 1;		/* Process rpath and soname tokens */
246     bool z_nodelete : 1;	/* Do not unload the object and dependencies */
247     bool z_noopen : 1;		/* Do not load on dlopen */
248     bool z_loadfltr : 1;	/* Immediately load filtees */
249     bool z_interpose : 1;	/* Interpose all objects but main */
250     bool z_nodeflib : 1;	/* Don't search default library path */
251     bool z_global : 1;		/* Make the object global */
252     bool ref_nodel : 1;		/* Refcount increased to prevent dlclose */
253     bool init_scanned: 1;	/* Object is already on init list. */
254     bool on_fini_list: 1;	/* Object is already on fini list. */
255     bool dag_inited : 1;	/* Object has its DAG initialized. */
256     bool filtees_loaded : 1;	/* Filtees loaded */
257     bool irelative : 1;		/* Object has R_MACHDEP_IRELATIVE relocs */
258     bool gnu_ifunc : 1;		/* Object has references to STT_GNU_IFUNC */
259     bool non_plt_gnu_ifunc : 1;	/* Object has non-plt IFUNC references */
260     bool crt_no_init : 1;	/* Object' crt does not call _init/_fini */
261     bool valid_hash_sysv : 1;	/* A valid System V hash hash tag is available */
262     bool valid_hash_gnu : 1;	/* A valid GNU hash tag is available */
263     bool dlopened : 1;		/* dlopen()-ed (vs. load statically) */
264 
265     struct link_map linkmap;	/* For GDB and dlinfo() */
266     Objlist dldags;		/* Object belongs to these dlopened DAGs (%) */
267     Objlist dagmembers;		/* DAG has these members (%) */
268     dev_t dev;			/* Object's filesystem's device */
269     ino_t ino;			/* Object's inode number */
270     void *priv;			/* Platform-dependent */
271 } Obj_Entry;
272 
273 #define RTLD_MAGIC	0xd550b87a
274 #define RTLD_VERSION	1
275 
276 #define RTLD_STATIC_TLS_EXTRA	128
277 
278 /* Flags to be passed into symlook_ family of functions. */
279 #define SYMLOOK_IN_PLT	0x01	/* Lookup for PLT symbol */
280 #define SYMLOOK_DLSYM	0x02	/* Return newest versioned symbol. Used by
281 				   dlsym. */
282 #define	SYMLOOK_EARLY	0x04	/* Symlook is done during initialization. */
283 #define	SYMLOOK_IFUNC	0x08	/* Allow IFUNC processing in
284 				   reloc_non_plt(). */
285 
286 /* Flags for load_object(). */
287 #define	RTLD_LO_NOLOAD	0x01	/* dlopen() specified RTLD_NOLOAD. */
288 #define	RTLD_LO_DLOPEN	0x02	/* Load_object() called from dlopen(). */
289 #define	RTLD_LO_TRACE	0x04	/* Only tracing. */
290 #define	RTLD_LO_NODELETE 0x08	/* Loaded object cannot be closed. */
291 #define	RTLD_LO_FILTEES 0x10	/* Loading filtee. */
292 #define	RTLD_LO_EARLY	0x20	/* Do not call ctors, postpone it to the
293 				   initialization during the image start. */
294 
295 /*
296  * Symbol cache entry used during relocation to avoid multiple lookups
297  * of the same symbol.
298  */
299 typedef struct Struct_SymCache {
300     const Elf_Sym *sym;		/* Symbol table entry */
301     const Obj_Entry *obj;	/* Shared object which defines it */
302 } SymCache;
303 
304 /*
305  * This structure provides a reentrant way to keep a list of objects and
306  * check which ones have already been processed in some way.
307  */
308 typedef struct Struct_DoneList {
309     const Obj_Entry **objs;		/* Array of object pointers */
310     unsigned int num_alloc;		/* Allocated size of the array */
311     unsigned int num_used;		/* Number of array slots used */
312 } DoneList;
313 
314 struct Struct_RtldLockState {
315 	int lockstate;
316 	sigjmp_buf env;
317 };
318 
319 struct fill_search_info_args {
320 	int request;
321 	unsigned int flags;
322 	struct dl_serinfo *serinfo;
323 	struct dl_serpath *serpath;
324 	char *strspace;
325 };
326 
327 /*
328  * The pack of arguments and results for the symbol lookup functions.
329  */
330 typedef struct Struct_SymLook {
331     const char *name;
332     unsigned long hash;
333     uint32_t hash_gnu;
334     const Ver_Entry *ventry;
335     int flags;
336     const Obj_Entry *defobj_out;
337     const Elf_Sym *sym_out;
338     struct Struct_RtldLockState *lockstate;
339 } SymLook;
340 
341 void _rtld_error(const char *, ...) __printflike(1, 2) __exported;
342 void rtld_die(void) __dead2;
343 const char *rtld_strerror(int);
344 Obj_Entry *map_object(int, const char *, const struct stat *);
345 void *xcalloc(size_t, size_t);
346 void *xmalloc(size_t);
347 char *xstrdup(const char *);
348 void *malloc_aligned(size_t size, size_t align);
349 void free_aligned(void *ptr);
350 extern Elf_Addr _GLOBAL_OFFSET_TABLE_[];
351 extern Elf_Sym sym_zero;	/* For resolving undefined weak refs. */
352 
353 void dump_relocations(Obj_Entry *);
354 void dump_obj_relocations(Obj_Entry *);
355 void dump_Elf_Rel(Obj_Entry *, const Elf_Rel *, u_long);
356 void dump_Elf_Rela(Obj_Entry *, const Elf_Rela *, u_long);
357 
358 /*
359  * Function declarations.
360  */
361 unsigned long elf_hash(const char *);
362 const Elf_Sym *find_symdef(unsigned long, const Obj_Entry *,
363   const Obj_Entry **, int, SymCache *, struct Struct_RtldLockState *);
364 void init_pltgot(Obj_Entry *);
365 void lockdflt_init(void);
366 void digest_notes(Obj_Entry *, Elf_Addr, Elf_Addr);
367 void obj_free(Obj_Entry *);
368 Obj_Entry *obj_new(void);
369 void _rtld_bind_start(void);
370 void *rtld_resolve_ifunc(const Obj_Entry *obj, const Elf_Sym *def);
371 void symlook_init(SymLook *, const char *);
372 int symlook_obj(SymLook *, const Obj_Entry *);
373 void *tls_get_addr_common(Elf_Addr** dtvp, int index, size_t offset);
374 void *allocate_tls(Obj_Entry *, void *, size_t, size_t);
375 void free_tls(void *, size_t, size_t);
376 void *allocate_module_tls(int index);
377 bool allocate_tls_offset(Obj_Entry *obj);
378 void free_tls_offset(Obj_Entry *obj);
379 const Ver_Entry *fetch_ventry(const Obj_Entry *obj, unsigned long);
380 
381 /*
382  * MD function declarations.
383  */
384 int do_copy_relocations(Obj_Entry *);
385 int reloc_non_plt(Obj_Entry *, Obj_Entry *, int flags,
386     struct Struct_RtldLockState *);
387 int reloc_plt(Obj_Entry *);
388 int reloc_jmpslots(Obj_Entry *, int flags, struct Struct_RtldLockState *);
389 int reloc_iresolve(Obj_Entry *, struct Struct_RtldLockState *);
390 int reloc_gnu_ifunc(Obj_Entry *, int flags, struct Struct_RtldLockState *);
391 void allocate_initial_tls(Obj_Entry *);
392 
393 #endif /* } */
394