1.\" Copyright (c) 1985, 1991, 1993 2.\" The Regents of the University of California. All rights reserved. 3.\" 4.\" Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without 5.\" modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions 6.\" are met: 7.\" 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright 8.\" notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer. 9.\" 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright 10.\" notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the 11.\" documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution. 12.\" 3. All advertising materials mentioning features or use of this software 13.\" must display the following acknowledgement: 14.\" This product includes software developed by the University of 15.\" California, Berkeley and its contributors. 16.\" 4. Neither the name of the University nor the names of its contributors 17.\" may be used to endorse or promote products derived from this software 18.\" without specific prior written permission. 19.\" 20.\" THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE REGENTS AND CONTRIBUTORS ``AS IS'' AND 21.\" ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE 22.\" IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE 23.\" ARE DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE REGENTS OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE 24.\" FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL 25.\" DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS 26.\" OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION) 27.\" HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT 28.\" LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY 29.\" OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF 30.\" SUCH DAMAGE. 31.\" 32.\" from: @(#)ttys.5 8.1 (Berkeley) 6/4/93 33.\" $FreeBSD$ 34.\" " 35.Dd May 27, 2005 36.Dt TTYS 5 37.Os 38.Sh NAME 39.Nm ttys 40.Nd terminal initialization information 41.Sh DESCRIPTION 42The file 43.Nm 44contains information that is used by various routines to initialize 45and control the use of terminal special files. 46This information is read with the 47.Xr getttyent 3 48library routines. 49There is one line in the 50.Nm 51file per special device file. 52Fields are separated by tabs and/or spaces. 53Fields comprised of more than one word should be enclosed in double 54quotes (``"''). 55Blank lines and comments may appear anywhere in the file; comments 56are delimited by hash marks (``#'') and new lines. 57Any unspecified fields will default to null. 58.Pp 59The first field is normally the 60name of the terminal special file as it is found in 61.Pa /dev . 62However, it can be any arbitrary string 63when the associated command is not related to a tty. 64.Pp 65The second field of the file is the command to execute for the line, 66usually 67.Xr getty 8 , 68which initializes and opens the line, setting the speed, waiting for 69a user name and executing the 70.Xr login 1 71program. 72It can be, however, any desired command, for example 73the start up for a window system terminal emulator or some other 74daemon process, and can contain multiple words if quoted. 75.Pp 76The third field is the type of terminal usually connected to that 77tty line, normally the one found in the 78.Xr termcap 5 79data base file. 80The environment variable 81.Ev TERM 82is initialized with the value by 83either 84.Xr getty 8 85or 86.Xr login 1 . 87.Pp 88The remaining fields set flags in the 89.Fa ty_status 90entry (see 91.Xr getttyent 3 ) , 92specify a window system process that 93.Xr init 8 94will maintain for the terminal line, optionally determine the 95type of tty (whether dialin, network or otherwise), 96or specify a tty group 97name that allows the login class database (see 98.Xr login.conf 5 ) 99to refer to many ttys as a group, to selectively allow or 100deny access or enable or disable accounting facilities for 101ttys as a group. 102.Pp 103As flag values, the strings ``on'' and ``off'' specify that 104.Xr init 8 105should (should not) execute the command given in the second field. 106``onifconsole'' will cause this line to be enabled if and only if it is 107an active kernel console device (it is equivalent to ``on'' in this 108case). 109The flag ``secure'' (if the console is enabled) allows users with a 110uid of 0 to login on 111this line. 112The flag ``dialin'' indicates that a tty entry describes a dialin 113line, and ``network'' indicates that a tty entry provides a 114network connection. 115Either of these strings may also be specified in the terminal type 116field. 117The string ``window='' may be followed by a quoted command 118string which 119.Xr init 8 120will execute 121.Em before 122starting the command specified by the second field. 123.Pp 124The string ``group='' may be followed by a group name comprised of 125alphanumeric characters that can be used by 126.Xr login.conf 5 127to refer to many tty lines as a group to enable or disable access 128and accounting facilities. 129If no group is specified, then the tty becomes a member of the group 130"none". 131For backwards compatibility, the ``group='' should appear last on the 132line, immediately before the optional comment. 133.Pp 134Both the second field and any command specified with ``window='' 135will be split into words and executed using 136.Xr execve 2 . 137Words are separated by any combinations of tabs and spaces. 138Arguments containing whitespace should be enclosed in single quotes 139.Pq Li ' . 140Note that no shell-style globbing or other variable substitution occurs. 141.Sh FILES 142.Bl -tag -width /etc/ttys -compact 143.It Pa /etc/ttys 144.El 145.Sh EXAMPLES 146.Bd -literal 147# root login on console at 1200 baud 148console "/usr/libexec/getty std.1200" vt100 on secure 149# dialup at 1200 baud, no root logins 150ttyd0 "/usr/libexec/getty d1200" dialup on group=dialup # 555-1234 151# Mike's terminal: hp2621 152ttyh0 "/usr/libexec/getty std.9600" hp2621-nl on group=dialup # 457 Evans 153# John's terminal: vt100 154ttyh1 "/usr/libexec/getty std.9600" vt100 on group=dialup # 459 Evans 155# terminal emulate/window system 156ttyv0 "/usr/local/bin/xterm -display :0" xterm on window="/usr/local/bin/X :0" 157# Network pseudo ttys -- don't enable getty 158ttyp0 none network group=pty 159ttyp1 none network off group=pty 160.Ed 161.Sh SEE ALSO 162.Xr login 1 , 163.Xr getttyent 3 , 164.Xr gettytab 5 , 165.Xr login.conf 5 , 166.Xr termcap 5 , 167.Xr getty 8 , 168.Xr init 8 169.\".Xr init 8 , 170.\".Xr ttyflags 8 171.Sh HISTORY 172A 173.Nm 174file appeared in 175.At v6 . 176