xref: /freebsd/lib/msun/src/s_tanh.c (revision 3047fefe49f57a673de8df152c199de12ec2c6d3)
1 /* @(#)s_tanh.c 5.1 93/09/24 */
2 /*
3  * ====================================================
4  * Copyright (C) 1993 by Sun Microsystems, Inc. All rights reserved.
5  *
6  * Developed at SunPro, a Sun Microsystems, Inc. business.
7  * Permission to use, copy, modify, and distribute this
8  * software is freely granted, provided that this notice
9  * is preserved.
10  * ====================================================
11  */
12 
13 #ifndef lint
14 static char rcsid[] = "$FreeBSD$";
15 #endif
16 
17 /* Tanh(x)
18  * Return the Hyperbolic Tangent of x
19  *
20  * Method :
21  *				       x    -x
22  *				      e  - e
23  *	0. tanh(x) is defined to be -----------
24  *				       x    -x
25  *				      e  + e
26  *	1. reduce x to non-negative by tanh(-x) = -tanh(x).
27  *	2.  0      <= x <= 2**-55 : tanh(x) := x*(one+x)
28  *					        -t
29  *	    2**-55 <  x <=  1     : tanh(x) := -----; t = expm1(-2x)
30  *					       t + 2
31  *						     2
32  *	    1      <= x <=  22.0  : tanh(x) := 1-  ----- ; t=expm1(2x)
33  *						   t + 2
34  *	    22.0   <  x <= INF    : tanh(x) := 1.
35  *
36  * Special cases:
37  *	tanh(NaN) is NaN;
38  *	only tanh(0)=0 is exact for finite argument.
39  */
40 
41 #include "math.h"
42 #include "math_private.h"
43 
44 static const double one=1.0, two=2.0, tiny = 1.0e-300;
45 
46 double
47 tanh(double x)
48 {
49 	double t,z;
50 	int32_t jx,ix;
51 
52     /* High word of |x|. */
53 	GET_HIGH_WORD(jx,x);
54 	ix = jx&0x7fffffff;
55 
56     /* x is INF or NaN */
57 	if(ix>=0x7ff00000) {
58 	    if (jx>=0) return one/x+one;    /* tanh(+-inf)=+-1 */
59 	    else       return one/x-one;    /* tanh(NaN) = NaN */
60 	}
61 
62     /* |x| < 22 */
63 	if (ix < 0x40360000) {		/* |x|<22 */
64 	    if (ix<0x3c800000) 		/* |x|<2**-55 */
65 		return x*(one+x);    	/* tanh(small) = small */
66 	    if (ix>=0x3ff00000) {	/* |x|>=1  */
67 		t = expm1(two*fabs(x));
68 		z = one - two/(t+two);
69 	    } else {
70 	        t = expm1(-two*fabs(x));
71 	        z= -t/(t+two);
72 	    }
73     /* |x| > 22, return +-1 */
74 	} else {
75 	    z = one - tiny;		/* raised inexact flag */
76 	}
77 	return (jx>=0)? z: -z;
78 }
79