xref: /freebsd/lib/libutil/pidfile.c (revision 8ddb146abcdf061be9f2c0db7e391697dafad85c)
1 /*-
2  * SPDX-License-Identifier: BSD-2-Clause-FreeBSD
3  *
4  * Copyright (c) 2005 Pawel Jakub Dawidek <pjd@FreeBSD.org>
5  * All rights reserved.
6  *
7  * Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
8  * modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions
9  * are met:
10  * 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
11  *    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
12  * 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright
13  *    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the
14  *    documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
15  *
16  * THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE AUTHORS AND CONTRIBUTORS ``AS IS'' AND
17  * ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE
18  * IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE
19  * ARE DISCLAIMED.  IN NO EVENT SHALL THE AUTHORS OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE
20  * FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL
21  * DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS
22  * OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION)
23  * HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT
24  * LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY
25  * OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF
26  * SUCH DAMAGE.
27  */
28 
29 #include <sys/cdefs.h>
30 __FBSDID("$FreeBSD$");
31 
32 #include <sys/param.h>
33 #include <sys/types.h>
34 #include <sys/capsicum.h>
35 #include <sys/file.h>
36 #include <sys/stat.h>
37 
38 #include <err.h>
39 #include <errno.h>
40 #include <fcntl.h>
41 #include <libgen.h>
42 #include <libutil.h>
43 #include <signal.h>
44 #include <stdio.h>
45 #include <stdlib.h>
46 #include <string.h>
47 #include <time.h>
48 #include <unistd.h>
49 
50 struct pidfh {
51 	int	pf_dirfd;
52 	int	pf_fd;
53 	char	pf_dir[MAXPATHLEN + 1];
54 	char	pf_filename[MAXPATHLEN + 1];
55 	dev_t	pf_dev;
56 	ino_t	pf_ino;
57 };
58 
59 static int _pidfile_remove(struct pidfh *pfh, int freeit);
60 
61 static int
62 pidfile_verify(const struct pidfh *pfh)
63 {
64 	struct stat sb;
65 
66 	if (pfh == NULL || pfh->pf_fd == -1)
67 		return (EDOOFUS);
68 	/*
69 	 * Check remembered descriptor.
70 	 */
71 	if (fstat(pfh->pf_fd, &sb) == -1)
72 		return (errno);
73 	if (sb.st_dev != pfh->pf_dev || sb.st_ino != pfh->pf_ino)
74 		return (EDOOFUS);
75 	return (0);
76 }
77 
78 static int
79 pidfile_read_impl(int dirfd, const char *filename, pid_t *pidptr)
80 {
81 	char buf[16], *endptr;
82 	int error, fd, i;
83 
84 	fd = openat(dirfd, filename, O_RDONLY | O_CLOEXEC);
85 	if (fd == -1)
86 		return (errno);
87 
88 	i = read(fd, buf, sizeof(buf) - 1);
89 	error = errno;	/* Remember errno in case close() wants to change it. */
90 	close(fd);
91 	if (i == -1)
92 		return (error);
93 	else if (i == 0)
94 		return (EAGAIN);
95 	buf[i] = '\0';
96 
97 	*pidptr = strtol(buf, &endptr, 10);
98 	if (endptr != &buf[i])
99 		return (EINVAL);
100 
101 	return (0);
102 }
103 
104 static int
105 pidfile_read(int dirfd, const char *filename, pid_t *pidptr)
106 {
107 	struct timespec rqtp;
108 	int count;
109 
110 	count = 20;
111 	rqtp.tv_sec = 0;
112 	rqtp.tv_nsec = 5000000;
113 	for (;;) {
114 		errno = pidfile_read_impl(dirfd, filename, pidptr);
115 		if (errno != EAGAIN || --count == 0)
116 			break;
117 		nanosleep(&rqtp, 0);
118 	}
119 	if (errno == EAGAIN)
120 		*pidptr = -1;
121 	return (errno);
122 }
123 
124 struct pidfh *
125 pidfile_open(const char *pathp, mode_t mode, pid_t *pidptr)
126 {
127 	char path[MAXPATHLEN];
128 	struct pidfh *pfh;
129 	struct stat sb;
130 	int error, fd, dirfd, dirlen, filenamelen;
131 	cap_rights_t caprights;
132 
133 	pfh = malloc(sizeof(*pfh));
134 	if (pfh == NULL)
135 		return (NULL);
136 
137 	if (pathp == NULL) {
138 		dirlen = snprintf(pfh->pf_dir, sizeof(pfh->pf_dir),
139 		    "/var/run/");
140 		filenamelen = snprintf(pfh->pf_filename,
141 		    sizeof(pfh->pf_filename), "%s.pid", getprogname());
142 	} else {
143 		if (strlcpy(path, pathp, sizeof(path)) >= sizeof(path)) {
144 			free(pfh);
145 			errno = ENAMETOOLONG;
146 			return (NULL);
147 		}
148 		dirlen = strlcpy(pfh->pf_dir, dirname(path),
149 		    sizeof(pfh->pf_dir));
150 		(void)strlcpy(path, pathp, sizeof(path));
151 		filenamelen = strlcpy(pfh->pf_filename, basename(path),
152 		    sizeof(pfh->pf_filename));
153 	}
154 
155 	if (dirlen >= (int)sizeof(pfh->pf_dir) ||
156 	    filenamelen >= (int)sizeof(pfh->pf_filename)) {
157 		free(pfh);
158 		errno = ENAMETOOLONG;
159 		return (NULL);
160 	}
161 
162 	dirfd = open(pfh->pf_dir, O_CLOEXEC | O_DIRECTORY | O_NONBLOCK);
163 	if (dirfd == -1) {
164 		error = errno;
165 		free(pfh);
166 		errno = error;
167 		return (NULL);
168 	}
169 
170 	/*
171 	 * Open the PID file and obtain exclusive lock.
172 	 * We truncate PID file here only to remove old PID immediately,
173 	 * PID file will be truncated again in pidfile_write(), so
174 	 * pidfile_write() can be called multiple times.
175 	 */
176 	fd = flopenat(dirfd, pfh->pf_filename,
177 	    O_WRONLY | O_CREAT | O_TRUNC | O_CLOEXEC | O_NONBLOCK, mode);
178 	if (fd == -1) {
179 		if (errno == EWOULDBLOCK) {
180 			if (pidptr == NULL) {
181 				errno = EEXIST;
182 			} else {
183 				errno = pidfile_read(dirfd,
184 				    pfh->pf_filename, pidptr);
185 				if (errno == 0 || errno == EAGAIN)
186 					errno = EEXIST;
187 			}
188 		}
189 		error = errno;
190 		close(dirfd);
191 		free(pfh);
192 		errno = error;
193 		return (NULL);
194 	}
195 
196 	/*
197 	 * Remember file information, so in pidfile_write() we are sure we write
198 	 * to the proper descriptor.
199 	 */
200 	if (fstat(fd, &sb) == -1) {
201 		goto failed;
202 	}
203 
204 	if (cap_rights_limit(dirfd,
205 	    cap_rights_init(&caprights, CAP_UNLINKAT)) < 0 && errno != ENOSYS) {
206 		goto failed;
207 	}
208 
209 	if (cap_rights_limit(fd, cap_rights_init(&caprights, CAP_PWRITE,
210 	    CAP_FSTAT, CAP_FTRUNCATE, CAP_EVENT)) < 0 &&
211 	    errno != ENOSYS) {
212 		goto failed;
213 	}
214 
215 	pfh->pf_dirfd = dirfd;
216 	pfh->pf_fd = fd;
217 	pfh->pf_dev = sb.st_dev;
218 	pfh->pf_ino = sb.st_ino;
219 
220 	return (pfh);
221 
222 failed:
223 	error = errno;
224 	unlinkat(dirfd, pfh->pf_filename, 0);
225 	close(dirfd);
226 	close(fd);
227 	free(pfh);
228 	errno = error;
229 	return (NULL);
230 }
231 
232 int
233 pidfile_write(struct pidfh *pfh)
234 {
235 	char pidstr[16];
236 	int error, fd;
237 
238 	/*
239 	 * Check remembered descriptor, so we don't overwrite some other
240 	 * file if pidfile was closed and descriptor reused.
241 	 */
242 	errno = pidfile_verify(pfh);
243 	if (errno != 0) {
244 		/*
245 		 * Don't close descriptor, because we are not sure if it's ours.
246 		 */
247 		return (-1);
248 	}
249 	fd = pfh->pf_fd;
250 
251 	/*
252 	 * Truncate PID file, so multiple calls of pidfile_write() are allowed.
253 	 */
254 	if (ftruncate(fd, 0) == -1) {
255 		error = errno;
256 		_pidfile_remove(pfh, 0);
257 		errno = error;
258 		return (-1);
259 	}
260 
261 	snprintf(pidstr, sizeof(pidstr), "%u", getpid());
262 	if (pwrite(fd, pidstr, strlen(pidstr), 0) != (ssize_t)strlen(pidstr)) {
263 		error = errno;
264 		_pidfile_remove(pfh, 0);
265 		errno = error;
266 		return (-1);
267 	}
268 
269 	return (0);
270 }
271 
272 int
273 pidfile_close(struct pidfh *pfh)
274 {
275 	int error;
276 
277 	error = pidfile_verify(pfh);
278 	if (error != 0) {
279 		errno = error;
280 		return (-1);
281 	}
282 
283 	if (close(pfh->pf_fd) == -1)
284 		error = errno;
285 	if (close(pfh->pf_dirfd) == -1 && error == 0)
286 		error = errno;
287 
288 	free(pfh);
289 	if (error != 0) {
290 		errno = error;
291 		return (-1);
292 	}
293 	return (0);
294 }
295 
296 static int
297 _pidfile_remove(struct pidfh *pfh, int freeit)
298 {
299 	int error;
300 
301 	error = pidfile_verify(pfh);
302 	if (error != 0) {
303 		errno = error;
304 		return (-1);
305 	}
306 
307 	if (funlinkat(pfh->pf_dirfd, pfh->pf_filename, pfh->pf_fd, 0) == -1) {
308 		if (errno == EDEADLK)
309 			return (-1);
310 		error = errno;
311 	}
312 	if (close(pfh->pf_fd) == -1 && error == 0)
313 		error = errno;
314 	if (close(pfh->pf_dirfd) == -1 && error == 0)
315 		error = errno;
316 	if (freeit)
317 		free(pfh);
318 	else
319 		pfh->pf_fd = -1;
320 	if (error != 0) {
321 		errno = error;
322 		return (-1);
323 	}
324 	return (0);
325 }
326 
327 int
328 pidfile_remove(struct pidfh *pfh)
329 {
330 
331 	return (_pidfile_remove(pfh, 1));
332 }
333 
334 int
335 pidfile_fileno(const struct pidfh *pfh)
336 {
337 
338 	if (pfh == NULL || pfh->pf_fd == -1) {
339 		errno = EDOOFUS;
340 		return (-1);
341 	}
342 	return (pfh->pf_fd);
343 }
344 
345 int
346 pidfile_signal(const char *pathp, int sig, pid_t *pidptr)
347 {
348 	pid_t pid;
349 	int fd;
350 
351 	fd = flopenat(AT_FDCWD, pathp,
352 	    O_RDONLY | O_CLOEXEC | O_NONBLOCK);
353 	if (fd >= 0) {
354 		/*
355 		 * The file exists but is not locked,
356 		 * so the daemon is dead. Nothing to do.
357 		 */
358 		close(fd);
359 		errno = ENOENT;
360 		return (errno);
361 	}
362 	if (errno != EWOULDBLOCK) {
363 		return (errno);
364 	}
365 	errno = pidfile_read(AT_FDCWD, pathp, &pid);
366 	if (errno != 0)
367 		return (errno);
368 	/*
369 	 * Refuse to send broadcast or group signals, this has
370 	 * happened due to the bugs in pidfile(3).
371 	 */
372 	if (pid <= 0)
373 		return (EDOM);
374 	kill(pid, sig);
375 	if (pidptr != NULL)
376 		*pidptr = pid;
377 	return (errno);
378 }
379