xref: /freebsd/lib/libutil/pidfile.c (revision 22cf89c938886d14f5796fc49f9f020c23ea8eaf)
1 /*-
2  * SPDX-License-Identifier: BSD-2-Clause
3  *
4  * Copyright (c) 2005 Pawel Jakub Dawidek <pjd@FreeBSD.org>
5  * All rights reserved.
6  *
7  * Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
8  * modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions
9  * are met:
10  * 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
11  *    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
12  * 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright
13  *    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the
14  *    documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
15  *
16  * THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE AUTHORS AND CONTRIBUTORS ``AS IS'' AND
17  * ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE
18  * IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE
19  * ARE DISCLAIMED.  IN NO EVENT SHALL THE AUTHORS OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE
20  * FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL
21  * DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS
22  * OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION)
23  * HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT
24  * LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY
25  * OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF
26  * SUCH DAMAGE.
27  */
28 
29 #include <sys/cdefs.h>
30 #include <sys/param.h>
31 #include <sys/types.h>
32 #include <sys/capsicum.h>
33 #include <sys/file.h>
34 #include <sys/stat.h>
35 
36 #include <err.h>
37 #include <errno.h>
38 #include <fcntl.h>
39 #include <libgen.h>
40 #include <libutil.h>
41 #include <signal.h>
42 #include <stdio.h>
43 #include <stdlib.h>
44 #include <string.h>
45 #include <time.h>
46 #include <unistd.h>
47 
48 struct pidfh {
49 	int	pf_dirfd;
50 	int	pf_fd;
51 	char	pf_dir[MAXPATHLEN + 1];
52 	char	pf_filename[MAXPATHLEN + 1];
53 	dev_t	pf_dev;
54 	ino_t	pf_ino;
55 };
56 
57 static int _pidfile_remove(struct pidfh *pfh, int freeit);
58 
59 static int
60 pidfile_verify(const struct pidfh *pfh)
61 {
62 	struct stat sb;
63 
64 	if (pfh == NULL || pfh->pf_fd == -1)
65 		return (EDOOFUS);
66 	/*
67 	 * Check remembered descriptor.
68 	 */
69 	if (fstat(pfh->pf_fd, &sb) == -1)
70 		return (errno);
71 	if (sb.st_dev != pfh->pf_dev || sb.st_ino != pfh->pf_ino)
72 		return (EDOOFUS);
73 	return (0);
74 }
75 
76 static int
77 pidfile_read_impl(int dirfd, const char *filename, pid_t *pidptr)
78 {
79 	char buf[16], *endptr;
80 	int error, fd, i;
81 
82 	fd = openat(dirfd, filename, O_RDONLY | O_CLOEXEC);
83 	if (fd == -1)
84 		return (errno);
85 
86 	i = read(fd, buf, sizeof(buf) - 1);
87 	error = errno;	/* Remember errno in case close() wants to change it. */
88 	close(fd);
89 	if (i == -1)
90 		return (error);
91 	else if (i == 0)
92 		return (EAGAIN);
93 	buf[i] = '\0';
94 
95 	*pidptr = strtol(buf, &endptr, 10);
96 	if (endptr != &buf[i])
97 		return (EINVAL);
98 
99 	return (0);
100 }
101 
102 static int
103 pidfile_read(int dirfd, const char *filename, pid_t *pidptr)
104 {
105 	struct timespec rqtp;
106 	int count;
107 
108 	count = 20;
109 	rqtp.tv_sec = 0;
110 	rqtp.tv_nsec = 5000000;
111 	for (;;) {
112 		errno = pidfile_read_impl(dirfd, filename, pidptr);
113 		if (errno != EAGAIN || --count == 0)
114 			break;
115 		nanosleep(&rqtp, 0);
116 	}
117 	if (errno == EAGAIN)
118 		*pidptr = -1;
119 	return (errno);
120 }
121 
122 struct pidfh *
123 pidfile_open(const char *pathp, mode_t mode, pid_t *pidptr)
124 {
125 	char path[MAXPATHLEN];
126 	struct pidfh *pfh;
127 	struct stat sb;
128 	int error, fd, dirfd, dirlen, filenamelen;
129 	cap_rights_t caprights;
130 
131 	pfh = malloc(sizeof(*pfh));
132 	if (pfh == NULL)
133 		return (NULL);
134 
135 	if (pathp == NULL) {
136 		dirlen = snprintf(pfh->pf_dir, sizeof(pfh->pf_dir),
137 		    "/var/run/");
138 		filenamelen = snprintf(pfh->pf_filename,
139 		    sizeof(pfh->pf_filename), "%s.pid", getprogname());
140 	} else {
141 		if (strlcpy(path, pathp, sizeof(path)) >= sizeof(path)) {
142 			free(pfh);
143 			errno = ENAMETOOLONG;
144 			return (NULL);
145 		}
146 		dirlen = strlcpy(pfh->pf_dir, dirname(path),
147 		    sizeof(pfh->pf_dir));
148 		(void)strlcpy(path, pathp, sizeof(path));
149 		filenamelen = strlcpy(pfh->pf_filename, basename(path),
150 		    sizeof(pfh->pf_filename));
151 	}
152 
153 	if (dirlen >= (int)sizeof(pfh->pf_dir) ||
154 	    filenamelen >= (int)sizeof(pfh->pf_filename)) {
155 		free(pfh);
156 		errno = ENAMETOOLONG;
157 		return (NULL);
158 	}
159 
160 	dirfd = open(pfh->pf_dir, O_CLOEXEC | O_DIRECTORY | O_NONBLOCK);
161 	if (dirfd == -1) {
162 		error = errno;
163 		free(pfh);
164 		errno = error;
165 		return (NULL);
166 	}
167 
168 	/*
169 	 * Open the PID file and obtain exclusive lock.
170 	 * We truncate PID file here only to remove old PID immediately,
171 	 * PID file will be truncated again in pidfile_write(), so
172 	 * pidfile_write() can be called multiple times.
173 	 */
174 	fd = flopenat(dirfd, pfh->pf_filename,
175 	    O_WRONLY | O_CREAT | O_TRUNC | O_CLOEXEC | O_NONBLOCK, mode);
176 	if (fd == -1) {
177 		if (errno == EWOULDBLOCK) {
178 			if (pidptr == NULL) {
179 				errno = EEXIST;
180 			} else {
181 				errno = pidfile_read(dirfd,
182 				    pfh->pf_filename, pidptr);
183 				if (errno == 0 || errno == EAGAIN)
184 					errno = EEXIST;
185 			}
186 		}
187 		error = errno;
188 		close(dirfd);
189 		free(pfh);
190 		errno = error;
191 		return (NULL);
192 	}
193 
194 	/*
195 	 * Remember file information, so in pidfile_write() we are sure we write
196 	 * to the proper descriptor.
197 	 */
198 	if (fstat(fd, &sb) == -1) {
199 		goto failed;
200 	}
201 
202 	if (cap_rights_limit(dirfd,
203 	    cap_rights_init(&caprights, CAP_UNLINKAT)) < 0 && errno != ENOSYS) {
204 		goto failed;
205 	}
206 
207 	if (cap_rights_limit(fd, cap_rights_init(&caprights, CAP_PWRITE,
208 	    CAP_FSTAT, CAP_FTRUNCATE, CAP_EVENT)) < 0 &&
209 	    errno != ENOSYS) {
210 		goto failed;
211 	}
212 
213 	pfh->pf_dirfd = dirfd;
214 	pfh->pf_fd = fd;
215 	pfh->pf_dev = sb.st_dev;
216 	pfh->pf_ino = sb.st_ino;
217 
218 	return (pfh);
219 
220 failed:
221 	error = errno;
222 	unlinkat(dirfd, pfh->pf_filename, 0);
223 	close(dirfd);
224 	close(fd);
225 	free(pfh);
226 	errno = error;
227 	return (NULL);
228 }
229 
230 int
231 pidfile_write(struct pidfh *pfh)
232 {
233 	char pidstr[16];
234 	int error, fd;
235 
236 	/*
237 	 * Check remembered descriptor, so we don't overwrite some other
238 	 * file if pidfile was closed and descriptor reused.
239 	 */
240 	errno = pidfile_verify(pfh);
241 	if (errno != 0) {
242 		/*
243 		 * Don't close descriptor, because we are not sure if it's ours.
244 		 */
245 		return (-1);
246 	}
247 	fd = pfh->pf_fd;
248 
249 	/*
250 	 * Truncate PID file, so multiple calls of pidfile_write() are allowed.
251 	 */
252 	if (ftruncate(fd, 0) == -1) {
253 		error = errno;
254 		_pidfile_remove(pfh, 0);
255 		errno = error;
256 		return (-1);
257 	}
258 
259 	snprintf(pidstr, sizeof(pidstr), "%u", getpid());
260 	if (pwrite(fd, pidstr, strlen(pidstr), 0) != (ssize_t)strlen(pidstr)) {
261 		error = errno;
262 		_pidfile_remove(pfh, 0);
263 		errno = error;
264 		return (-1);
265 	}
266 
267 	return (0);
268 }
269 
270 int
271 pidfile_close(struct pidfh *pfh)
272 {
273 	int error;
274 
275 	error = pidfile_verify(pfh);
276 	if (error != 0) {
277 		errno = error;
278 		return (-1);
279 	}
280 
281 	if (close(pfh->pf_fd) == -1)
282 		error = errno;
283 	if (close(pfh->pf_dirfd) == -1 && error == 0)
284 		error = errno;
285 
286 	free(pfh);
287 	if (error != 0) {
288 		errno = error;
289 		return (-1);
290 	}
291 	return (0);
292 }
293 
294 static int
295 _pidfile_remove(struct pidfh *pfh, int freeit)
296 {
297 	int error;
298 
299 	error = pidfile_verify(pfh);
300 	if (error != 0) {
301 		errno = error;
302 		return (-1);
303 	}
304 
305 	if (funlinkat(pfh->pf_dirfd, pfh->pf_filename, pfh->pf_fd, 0) == -1) {
306 		if (errno == EDEADLK)
307 			return (-1);
308 		error = errno;
309 	}
310 	if (close(pfh->pf_fd) == -1 && error == 0)
311 		error = errno;
312 	if (close(pfh->pf_dirfd) == -1 && error == 0)
313 		error = errno;
314 	if (freeit)
315 		free(pfh);
316 	else
317 		pfh->pf_fd = -1;
318 	if (error != 0) {
319 		errno = error;
320 		return (-1);
321 	}
322 	return (0);
323 }
324 
325 int
326 pidfile_remove(struct pidfh *pfh)
327 {
328 
329 	return (_pidfile_remove(pfh, 1));
330 }
331 
332 int
333 pidfile_fileno(const struct pidfh *pfh)
334 {
335 
336 	if (pfh == NULL || pfh->pf_fd == -1) {
337 		errno = EDOOFUS;
338 		return (-1);
339 	}
340 	return (pfh->pf_fd);
341 }
342 
343 int
344 pidfile_signal(const char *pathp, int sig, pid_t *pidptr)
345 {
346 	pid_t pid;
347 	int fd;
348 
349 	fd = flopenat(AT_FDCWD, pathp,
350 	    O_RDONLY | O_CLOEXEC | O_NONBLOCK);
351 	if (fd >= 0) {
352 		/*
353 		 * The file exists but is not locked,
354 		 * so the daemon is dead. Nothing to do.
355 		 */
356 		close(fd);
357 		errno = ENOENT;
358 		return (errno);
359 	}
360 	if (errno != EWOULDBLOCK) {
361 		return (errno);
362 	}
363 	errno = pidfile_read(AT_FDCWD, pathp, &pid);
364 	if (errno != 0)
365 		return (errno);
366 	/*
367 	 * Refuse to send broadcast or group signals, this has
368 	 * happened due to the bugs in pidfile(3).
369 	 */
370 	if (pid <= 0)
371 		return (EDOM);
372 	kill(pid, sig);
373 	if (pidptr != NULL)
374 		*pidptr = pid;
375 	return (errno);
376 }
377