xref: /freebsd/lib/libutil/gr_util.c (revision a831d7d1c538b93ffec095657d9a6e6e778db195)
1 /*-
2  * Copyright (c) 2008 Sean C. Farley <scf@FreeBSD.org>
3  * All rights reserved.
4  *
5  * Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
6  * modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions
7  * are met:
8  * 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
9  *    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer,
10  *    without modification, immediately at the beginning of the file.
11  * 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright
12  *    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the
13  *    documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
14  *
15  * THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE AUTHOR ``AS IS'' AND ANY EXPRESS OR
16  * IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE IMPLIED WARRANTIES
17  * OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE ARE DISCLAIMED.
18  * IN NO EVENT SHALL THE AUTHOR BE LIABLE FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT,
19  * INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT
20  * NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE,
21  * DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION) HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY
22  * THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT LIABILITY, OR TORT
23  * (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE OF
24  * THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE.
25  */
26 
27 #include <sys/cdefs.h>
28 __FBSDID("$FreeBSD$");
29 
30 #include <sys/param.h>
31 #include <sys/errno.h>
32 #include <sys/stat.h>
33 
34 #include <ctype.h>
35 #include <err.h>
36 #include <fcntl.h>
37 #include <grp.h>
38 #include <inttypes.h>
39 #include <libutil.h>
40 #include <paths.h>
41 #include <stdbool.h>
42 #include <stdio.h>
43 #include <stdlib.h>
44 #include <string.h>
45 #include <unistd.h>
46 
47 static int lockfd = -1;
48 static char group_dir[PATH_MAX];
49 static char group_file[PATH_MAX];
50 static char tempname[PATH_MAX];
51 static int initialized;
52 static size_t grmemlen(const struct group *, const char *, int *);
53 static struct group *grcopy(const struct group *gr, char *mem, const char *, int ndx);
54 
55 /*
56  * Initialize statics
57  */
58 int
59 gr_init(const char *dir, const char *group)
60 {
61 
62 	if (dir == NULL) {
63 		strcpy(group_dir, _PATH_ETC);
64 	} else {
65 		if (strlen(dir) >= sizeof(group_dir)) {
66 			errno = ENAMETOOLONG;
67 			return (-1);
68 		}
69 		strcpy(group_dir, dir);
70 	}
71 
72 	if (group == NULL) {
73 		if (dir == NULL) {
74 			strcpy(group_file, _PATH_GROUP);
75 		} else if (snprintf(group_file, sizeof(group_file), "%s/group",
76 			group_dir) > (int)sizeof(group_file)) {
77 			errno = ENAMETOOLONG;
78 			return (-1);
79 		}
80 	} else {
81 		if (strlen(group) >= sizeof(group_file)) {
82 			errno = ENAMETOOLONG;
83 			return (-1);
84 		}
85 		strcpy(group_file, group);
86 	}
87 
88 	initialized = 1;
89 	return (0);
90 }
91 
92 /*
93  * Lock the group file
94  */
95 int
96 gr_lock(void)
97 {
98 	if (*group_file == '\0')
99 		return (-1);
100 
101 	for (;;) {
102 		struct stat st;
103 
104 		lockfd = flopen(group_file, O_RDONLY|O_NONBLOCK|O_CLOEXEC, 0);
105 		if (lockfd == -1) {
106 			if (errno == EWOULDBLOCK) {
107 				errx(1, "the group file is busy");
108 			} else {
109 				err(1, "could not lock the group file: ");
110 			}
111 		}
112 		if (fstat(lockfd, &st) == -1)
113 			err(1, "fstat() failed: ");
114 		if (st.st_nlink != 0)
115 			break;
116 		close(lockfd);
117 		lockfd = -1;
118 	}
119 	return (lockfd);
120 }
121 
122 /*
123  * Create and open a presmuably safe temp file for editing group data
124  */
125 int
126 gr_tmp(int mfd)
127 {
128 	char buf[8192];
129 	ssize_t nr;
130 	const char *p;
131 	int tfd;
132 
133 	if (*group_file == '\0')
134 		return (-1);
135 	if ((p = strrchr(group_file, '/')))
136 		++p;
137 	else
138 		p = group_file;
139 	if (snprintf(tempname, sizeof(tempname), "%.*sgroup.XXXXXX",
140 		(int)(p - group_file), group_file) >= (int)sizeof(tempname)) {
141 		errno = ENAMETOOLONG;
142 		return (-1);
143 	}
144 	if ((tfd = mkstemp(tempname)) == -1)
145 		return (-1);
146 	if (mfd != -1) {
147 		while ((nr = read(mfd, buf, sizeof(buf))) > 0)
148 			if (write(tfd, buf, (size_t)nr) != nr)
149 				break;
150 		if (nr != 0) {
151 			unlink(tempname);
152 			*tempname = '\0';
153 			close(tfd);
154 			return (-1);
155 		}
156 	}
157 	return (tfd);
158 }
159 
160 /*
161  * Copy the group file from one descriptor to another, replacing, deleting
162  * or adding a single record on the way.
163  */
164 int
165 gr_copy(int ffd, int tfd, const struct group *gr, struct group *old_gr)
166 {
167 	char buf[8192], *end, *line, *p, *q, *r, t;
168 	struct group *fgr;
169 	const struct group *sgr;
170 	size_t len;
171 	int eof, readlen;
172 
173 	if (old_gr == NULL && gr == NULL)
174 		return(-1);
175 
176 	sgr = old_gr;
177 	/* deleting a group */
178 	if (gr == NULL) {
179 		line = NULL;
180 	} else {
181 		if ((line = gr_make(gr)) == NULL)
182 			return (-1);
183 	}
184 
185 	/* adding a group */
186 	if (sgr == NULL)
187 		sgr = gr;
188 
189 	eof = 0;
190 	len = 0;
191 	p = q = end = buf;
192 	for (;;) {
193 		/* find the end of the current line */
194 		for (p = q; q < end && *q != '\0'; ++q)
195 			if (*q == '\n')
196 				break;
197 
198 		/* if we don't have a complete line, fill up the buffer */
199 		if (q >= end) {
200 			if (eof)
201 				break;
202 			if ((size_t)(q - p) >= sizeof(buf)) {
203 				warnx("group line too long");
204 				errno = EINVAL; /* hack */
205 				goto err;
206 			}
207 			if (p < end) {
208 				q = memmove(buf, p, end -p);
209 				end -= p - buf;
210 			} else {
211 				p = q = end = buf;
212 			}
213 			readlen = read(ffd, end, sizeof(buf) - (end -buf));
214 			if (readlen == -1)
215 				goto err;
216 			else
217 				len = (size_t)readlen;
218 			if (len == 0 && p == buf)
219 				break;
220 			end += len;
221 			len = end - buf;
222 			if (len < (ssize_t)sizeof(buf)) {
223 				eof = 1;
224 				if (len > 0 && buf[len -1] != '\n')
225 					++len, *end++ = '\n';
226 			}
227 			continue;
228 		}
229 
230 		/* is it a blank line or a comment? */
231 		for (r = p; r < q && isspace(*r); ++r)
232 			/* nothing */;
233 		if (r == q || *r == '#') {
234 			/* yep */
235 			if (write(tfd, p, q -p + 1) != q - p + 1)
236 				goto err;
237 			++q;
238 			continue;
239 		}
240 
241 		/* is it the one we're looking for? */
242 
243 		t = *q;
244 		*q = '\0';
245 
246 		fgr = gr_scan(r);
247 
248 		/* fgr is either a struct group for the current line,
249 		 * or NULL if the line is malformed.
250 		 */
251 
252 		*q = t;
253 		if (fgr == NULL || fgr->gr_gid != sgr->gr_gid) {
254 			/* nope */
255 			if (fgr != NULL)
256 				free(fgr);
257 			if (write(tfd, p, q - p + 1) != q - p + 1)
258 				goto err;
259 			++q;
260 			continue;
261 		}
262 		if (old_gr && !gr_equal(fgr, old_gr)) {
263 			warnx("entry inconsistent");
264 			free(fgr);
265 			errno = EINVAL; /* hack */
266 			goto err;
267 		}
268 		free(fgr);
269 
270 		/* it is, replace or remove it */
271 		if (line != NULL) {
272 			len = strlen(line);
273 			if (write(tfd, line, len) != (int) len)
274 				goto err;
275 		} else {
276 			/* when removed, avoid the \n */
277 			q++;
278 		}
279 		/* we're done, just copy the rest over */
280 		for (;;) {
281 			if (write(tfd, q, end - q) != end - q)
282 				goto err;
283 			q = buf;
284 			readlen = read(ffd, buf, sizeof(buf));
285 			if (readlen == 0)
286 				break;
287 			else
288 				len = (size_t)readlen;
289 			if (readlen == -1)
290 				goto err;
291 			end = buf + len;
292 		}
293 		goto done;
294 	}
295 
296 	/* if we got here, we didn't find the old entry */
297 	if (line == NULL) {
298 		errno = ENOENT;
299 		goto err;
300 	}
301 	len = strlen(line);
302 	if ((size_t)write(tfd, line, len) != len ||
303 	   write(tfd, "\n", 1) != 1)
304 		goto err;
305  done:
306 	if (line != NULL)
307 		free(line);
308 	return (0);
309  err:
310 	if (line != NULL)
311 		free(line);
312 	return (-1);
313 }
314 
315 /*
316  * Regenerate the group file
317  */
318 int
319 gr_mkdb(void)
320 {
321 	if (chmod(tempname, 0644) != 0)
322 		return (-1);
323 
324 	return (rename(tempname, group_file));
325 }
326 
327 /*
328  * Clean up. Preserves errno for the caller's convenience.
329  */
330 void
331 gr_fini(void)
332 {
333 	int serrno;
334 
335 	if (!initialized)
336 		return;
337 	initialized = 0;
338 	serrno = errno;
339 	if (*tempname != '\0') {
340 		unlink(tempname);
341 		*tempname = '\0';
342 	}
343 	if (lockfd != -1)
344 		close(lockfd);
345 	errno = serrno;
346 }
347 
348 /*
349  * Compares two struct group's.
350  */
351 int
352 gr_equal(const struct group *gr1, const struct group *gr2)
353 {
354 
355 	/* Check that the non-member information is the same. */
356 	if (gr1->gr_name == NULL || gr2->gr_name == NULL) {
357 		if (gr1->gr_name != gr2->gr_name)
358 			return (false);
359 	} else if (strcmp(gr1->gr_name, gr2->gr_name) != 0)
360 		return (false);
361 	if (gr1->gr_passwd == NULL || gr2->gr_passwd == NULL) {
362 		if (gr1->gr_passwd != gr2->gr_passwd)
363 			return (false);
364 	} else if (strcmp(gr1->gr_passwd, gr2->gr_passwd) != 0)
365 		return (false);
366 	if (gr1->gr_gid != gr2->gr_gid)
367 		return (false);
368 
369 	/*
370 	 * Check all members in both groups.
371 	 * getgrnam can return gr_mem with a pointer to NULL.
372 	 * gr_dup and gr_add strip out this superfluous NULL, setting
373 	 * gr_mem to NULL for no members.
374 	*/
375 	if (gr1->gr_mem != NULL && gr2->gr_mem != NULL) {
376 		int i;
377 
378 		for (i = 0;
379 		    gr1->gr_mem[i] != NULL && gr2->gr_mem[i] != NULL; i++) {
380 			if (strcmp(gr1->gr_mem[i], gr2->gr_mem[i]) != 0)
381 				return (false);
382 		}
383 		if (gr1->gr_mem[i] != NULL || gr2->gr_mem[i] != NULL)
384 			return (false);
385 	} else if (gr1->gr_mem != NULL && gr1->gr_mem[0] != NULL) {
386 		return (false);
387 	} else if (gr2->gr_mem != NULL && gr2->gr_mem[0] != NULL) {
388 		return (false);
389 	}
390 
391 	return (true);
392 }
393 
394 /*
395  * Make a group line out of a struct group.
396  */
397 char *
398 gr_make(const struct group *gr)
399 {
400 	const char *group_line_format = "%s:%s:%ju:";
401 	const char *sep;
402 	char *line;
403 	char *p;
404 	size_t line_size;
405 	int ndx;
406 
407 	/* Calculate the length of the group line. */
408 	line_size = snprintf(NULL, 0, group_line_format, gr->gr_name,
409 	    gr->gr_passwd, (uintmax_t)gr->gr_gid) + 1;
410 	if (gr->gr_mem != NULL) {
411 		for (ndx = 0; gr->gr_mem[ndx] != NULL; ndx++)
412 			line_size += strlen(gr->gr_mem[ndx]) + 1;
413 		if (ndx > 0)
414 			line_size--;
415 	}
416 
417 	/* Create the group line and fill it. */
418 	if ((line = p = malloc(line_size)) == NULL)
419 		return (NULL);
420 	p += sprintf(p, group_line_format, gr->gr_name, gr->gr_passwd,
421 	    (uintmax_t)gr->gr_gid);
422 	if (gr->gr_mem != NULL) {
423 		sep = "";
424 		for (ndx = 0; gr->gr_mem[ndx] != NULL; ndx++) {
425 			p = stpcpy(p, sep);
426 			p = stpcpy(p, gr->gr_mem[ndx]);
427 			sep = ",";
428 		}
429 	}
430 
431 	return (line);
432 }
433 
434 /*
435  * Duplicate a struct group.
436  */
437 struct group *
438 gr_dup(const struct group *gr)
439 {
440 	return (gr_add(gr, NULL));
441 }
442 /*
443  * Add a new member name to a struct group.
444  */
445 struct group *
446 gr_add(const struct group *gr, const char *newmember)
447 {
448 	char *mem;
449 	size_t len;
450 	int num_mem;
451 
452 	num_mem = 0;
453 	len = grmemlen(gr, newmember, &num_mem);
454 	/* Create new group and copy old group into it. */
455 	if ((mem = malloc(len)) == NULL)
456 		return (NULL);
457 	return (grcopy(gr, mem, newmember, num_mem));
458 }
459 
460 /* It is safer to walk the pointers given at gr_mem since there is no
461  * guarantee the gr_mem + strings are contiguous in the given struct group
462  * but compactify the new group into the following form.
463  *
464  * The new struct is laid out like this in memory. The example given is
465  * for a group with two members only.
466  *
467  * {
468  * (char *name)
469  * (char *passwd)
470  * (int gid)
471  * (gr_mem * newgrp + sizeof(struct group) + sizeof(**)) points to gr_mem area
472  * gr_mem area
473  * (member1 *)
474  * (member2 *)
475  * (NULL)
476  * (name string)
477  * (passwd string)
478  * (member1 string)
479  * (member2 string)
480  * }
481  */
482 /*
483  * Copy the contents of a group plus given name to a preallocated group struct
484  */
485 static struct group *
486 grcopy(const struct group *gr, char *dst, const char *name, int ndx)
487 {
488 	int i;
489 	struct group *newgr;
490 
491 	newgr = (struct group *)(void *)dst;	/* avoid alignment warning */
492 	dst += sizeof(*newgr);
493 	if (ndx != 0) {
494 		newgr->gr_mem = (char **)(void *)(dst);	/* avoid alignment warning */
495 		dst += (ndx + 1) * sizeof(*newgr->gr_mem);
496 	} else
497 		newgr->gr_mem = NULL;
498 	if (gr->gr_name != NULL) {
499 		newgr->gr_name = dst;
500 		dst = stpcpy(dst, gr->gr_name) + 1;
501 	} else
502 		newgr->gr_name = NULL;
503 	if (gr->gr_passwd != NULL) {
504 		newgr->gr_passwd = dst;
505 		dst = stpcpy(dst, gr->gr_passwd) + 1;
506 	} else
507 		newgr->gr_passwd = NULL;
508 	newgr->gr_gid = gr->gr_gid;
509 	i = 0;
510 	/* Original group struct might have a NULL gr_mem */
511 	if (gr->gr_mem != NULL) {
512 		for (; gr->gr_mem[i] != NULL; i++) {
513 			newgr->gr_mem[i] = dst;
514 			dst = stpcpy(dst, gr->gr_mem[i]) + 1;
515 		}
516 	}
517 	/* If name is not NULL, newgr->gr_mem is known to be not NULL */
518 	if (name != NULL) {
519 		newgr->gr_mem[i++] = dst;
520 		dst = stpcpy(dst, name) + 1;
521 	}
522 	/* if newgr->gr_mem is not NULL add NULL marker */
523 	if (newgr->gr_mem != NULL)
524 		newgr->gr_mem[i] = NULL;
525 
526 	return (newgr);
527 }
528 
529 /*
530  *  Calculate length of a struct group + given name
531  */
532 static size_t
533 grmemlen(const struct group *gr, const char *name, int *num_mem)
534 {
535 	size_t len;
536 	int i;
537 
538 	if (gr == NULL)
539 		return (0);
540 	/* Calculate size of the group. */
541 	len = sizeof(*gr);
542 	if (gr->gr_name != NULL)
543 		len += strlen(gr->gr_name) + 1;
544 	if (gr->gr_passwd != NULL)
545 		len += strlen(gr->gr_passwd) + 1;
546 	i = 0;
547 	if (gr->gr_mem != NULL) {
548 		for (; gr->gr_mem[i] != NULL; i++) {
549 			len += strlen(gr->gr_mem[i]) + 1;
550 			len += sizeof(*gr->gr_mem);
551 		}
552 	}
553 	if (name != NULL) {
554 		i++;
555 		len += strlen(name) + 1;
556 		len += sizeof(*gr->gr_mem);
557 	}
558 	/* Allow for NULL pointer */
559 	if (i != 0)
560 		len += sizeof(*gr->gr_mem);
561 	*num_mem = i;
562 	return(len);
563 }
564 
565 /*
566  * Scan a line and place it into a group structure.
567  */
568 static bool
569 __gr_scan(char *line, struct group *gr)
570 {
571 	char *loc;
572 	int ndx;
573 
574 	/* Assign non-member information to structure. */
575 	gr->gr_name = line;
576 	if ((loc = strchr(line, ':')) == NULL)
577 		return (false);
578 	*loc = '\0';
579 	gr->gr_passwd = loc + 1;
580 	if (*gr->gr_passwd == ':')
581 		*gr->gr_passwd = '\0';
582 	else {
583 		if ((loc = strchr(loc + 1, ':')) == NULL)
584 			return (false);
585 		*loc = '\0';
586 	}
587 	if (sscanf(loc + 1, "%u", &gr->gr_gid) != 1)
588 		return (false);
589 
590 	/* Assign member information to structure. */
591 	if ((loc = strchr(loc + 1, ':')) == NULL)
592 		return (false);
593 	line = loc + 1;
594 	gr->gr_mem = NULL;
595 	ndx = 0;
596 	do {
597 		gr->gr_mem = reallocf(gr->gr_mem, sizeof(*gr->gr_mem) *
598 		    (ndx + 1));
599 		if (gr->gr_mem == NULL)
600 			return (false);
601 
602 		/* Skip locations without members (i.e., empty string). */
603 		do {
604 			gr->gr_mem[ndx] = strsep(&line, ",");
605 		} while (gr->gr_mem[ndx] != NULL && *gr->gr_mem[ndx] == '\0');
606 	} while (gr->gr_mem[ndx++] != NULL);
607 
608 	return (true);
609 }
610 
611 /*
612  * Create a struct group from a line.
613  */
614 struct group *
615 gr_scan(const char *line)
616 {
617 	struct group gr;
618 	char *line_copy;
619 	struct group *new_gr;
620 
621 	if ((line_copy = strdup(line)) == NULL)
622 		return (NULL);
623 	if (!__gr_scan(line_copy, &gr)) {
624 		free(line_copy);
625 		return (NULL);
626 	}
627 	new_gr = gr_dup(&gr);
628 	free(line_copy);
629 	if (gr.gr_mem != NULL)
630 		free(gr.gr_mem);
631 
632 	return (new_gr);
633 }
634