xref: /freebsd/lib/libutil/gr_util.c (revision 852ba100814e41898dc6e673fe0af017084e411d)
1 /*-
2  * Copyright (c) 2008 Sean C. Farley <scf@FreeBSD.org>
3  * All rights reserved.
4  *
5  * Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
6  * modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions
7  * are met:
8  * 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
9  *    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer,
10  *    without modification, immediately at the beginning of the file.
11  * 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright
12  *    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the
13  *    documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
14  *
15  * THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE AUTHOR ``AS IS'' AND ANY EXPRESS OR
16  * IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE IMPLIED WARRANTIES
17  * OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE ARE DISCLAIMED.
18  * IN NO EVENT SHALL THE AUTHOR BE LIABLE FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT,
19  * INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT
20  * NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE,
21  * DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION) HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY
22  * THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT LIABILITY, OR TORT
23  * (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE OF
24  * THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE.
25  */
26 
27 #include <sys/cdefs.h>
28 __FBSDID("$FreeBSD$");
29 
30 #include <sys/param.h>
31 #include <sys/errno.h>
32 #include <sys/stat.h>
33 
34 #include <ctype.h>
35 #include <err.h>
36 #include <fcntl.h>
37 #include <grp.h>
38 #include <inttypes.h>
39 #include <libutil.h>
40 #include <paths.h>
41 #include <stdbool.h>
42 #include <stdio.h>
43 #include <stdlib.h>
44 #include <string.h>
45 #include <unistd.h>
46 
47 static int lockfd = -1;
48 static char group_dir[PATH_MAX];
49 static char group_file[PATH_MAX];
50 static char tempname[PATH_MAX];
51 static int initialized;
52 static size_t grmemlen(const struct group *, const char *, int *);
53 static struct group *grcopy(const struct group *gr, char *mem, const char *, int ndx);
54 
55 /*
56  * Initialize statics
57  */
58 int
59 gr_init(const char *dir, const char *group)
60 {
61 
62 	if (dir == NULL) {
63 		strcpy(group_dir, _PATH_ETC);
64 	} else {
65 		if (strlen(dir) >= sizeof(group_dir)) {
66 			errno = ENAMETOOLONG;
67 			return (-1);
68 		}
69 		strcpy(group_dir, dir);
70 	}
71 
72 	if (group == NULL) {
73 		if (dir == NULL) {
74 			strcpy(group_file, _PATH_GROUP);
75 		} else if (snprintf(group_file, sizeof(group_file), "%s/group",
76 			group_dir) > (int)sizeof(group_file)) {
77 			errno = ENAMETOOLONG;
78 			return (-1);
79 		}
80 	} else {
81 		if (strlen(group) >= sizeof(group_file)) {
82 			errno = ENAMETOOLONG;
83 			return (-1);
84 		}
85 		strcpy(group_file, group);
86 	}
87 
88 	initialized = 1;
89 	return (0);
90 }
91 
92 /*
93  * Lock the group file
94  */
95 int
96 gr_lock(void)
97 {
98 	if (*group_file == '\0')
99 		return (-1);
100 
101 	for (;;) {
102 		struct stat st;
103 
104 		lockfd = flopen(group_file, O_RDONLY|O_NONBLOCK|O_CLOEXEC, 0);
105 		if (lockfd == -1) {
106 			if (errno == EWOULDBLOCK) {
107 				errx(1, "the group file is busy");
108 			} else {
109 				err(1, "could not lock the group file: ");
110 			}
111 		}
112 		if (fstat(lockfd, &st) == -1)
113 			err(1, "fstat() failed: ");
114 		if (st.st_nlink != 0)
115 			break;
116 		close(lockfd);
117 		lockfd = -1;
118 	}
119 	return (lockfd);
120 }
121 
122 /*
123  * Create and open a presmuably safe temp file for editing group data
124  */
125 int
126 gr_tmp(int mfd)
127 {
128 	char buf[8192];
129 	ssize_t nr;
130 	const char *p;
131 	int tfd;
132 
133 	if (*group_file == '\0')
134 		return (-1);
135 	if ((p = strrchr(group_file, '/')))
136 		++p;
137 	else
138 		p = group_file;
139 	if (snprintf(tempname, sizeof(tempname), "%.*sgroup.XXXXXX",
140 		(int)(p - group_file), group_file) >= (int)sizeof(tempname)) {
141 		errno = ENAMETOOLONG;
142 		return (-1);
143 	}
144 	if ((tfd = mkostemp(tempname, 0)) == -1)
145 		return (-1);
146 	if (mfd != -1) {
147 		while ((nr = read(mfd, buf, sizeof(buf))) > 0)
148 			if (write(tfd, buf, (size_t)nr) != nr)
149 				break;
150 		if (nr != 0) {
151 			unlink(tempname);
152 			*tempname = '\0';
153 			close(tfd);
154 			return (-1);
155 		}
156 	}
157 	return (tfd);
158 }
159 
160 /*
161  * Copy the group file from one descriptor to another, replacing, deleting
162  * or adding a single record on the way.
163  */
164 int
165 gr_copy(int ffd, int tfd, const struct group *gr, struct group *old_gr)
166 {
167 	char *buf, *end, *line, *p, *q, *r, *tmp;
168 	struct group *fgr;
169 	const struct group *sgr;
170 	size_t len, size;
171 	int eof, readlen;
172 	char t;
173 
174 	if (old_gr == NULL && gr == NULL)
175 		return(-1);
176 
177 	sgr = old_gr;
178 	/* deleting a group */
179 	if (gr == NULL) {
180 		line = NULL;
181 	} else {
182 		if ((line = gr_make(gr)) == NULL)
183 			return (-1);
184 	}
185 
186 	/* adding a group */
187 	if (sgr == NULL)
188 		sgr = gr;
189 
190 	/* initialize the buffer */
191 	if ((buf = malloc(size = 1024)) == NULL)
192 		goto err;
193 
194 	eof = 0;
195 	len = 0;
196 	p = q = end = buf;
197 	for (;;) {
198 		/* find the end of the current line */
199 		for (p = q; q < end && *q != '\0'; ++q)
200 			if (*q == '\n')
201 				break;
202 
203 		/* if we don't have a complete line, fill up the buffer */
204 		if (q >= end) {
205 			if (eof)
206 				break;
207 			while ((size_t)(q - p) >= size) {
208 				if ((tmp = reallocarray(buf, 2, size)) == NULL) {
209 					warnx("group line too long");
210 					goto err;
211 				}
212 				p = tmp + (p - buf);
213 				q = tmp + (q - buf);
214 				end = tmp + (end - buf);
215 				buf = tmp;
216 				size = size * 2;
217 			}
218 			if (p < end) {
219 				q = memmove(buf, p, end -p);
220 				end -= p - buf;
221 			} else {
222 				p = q = end = buf;
223 			}
224 			readlen = read(ffd, end, size - (end - buf));
225 			if (readlen == -1)
226 				goto err;
227 			else
228 				len = (size_t)readlen;
229 			if (len == 0 && p == buf)
230 				break;
231 			end += len;
232 			len = end - buf;
233 			if (len < size) {
234 				eof = 1;
235 				if (len > 0 && buf[len -1] != '\n')
236 					++len, *end++ = '\n';
237 			}
238 			continue;
239 		}
240 
241 		/* is it a blank line or a comment? */
242 		for (r = p; r < q && isspace(*r); ++r)
243 			/* nothing */;
244 		if (r == q || *r == '#') {
245 			/* yep */
246 			if (write(tfd, p, q -p + 1) != q - p + 1)
247 				goto err;
248 			++q;
249 			continue;
250 		}
251 
252 		/* is it the one we're looking for? */
253 
254 		t = *q;
255 		*q = '\0';
256 
257 		fgr = gr_scan(r);
258 
259 		/* fgr is either a struct group for the current line,
260 		 * or NULL if the line is malformed.
261 		 */
262 
263 		*q = t;
264 		if (fgr == NULL || fgr->gr_gid != sgr->gr_gid) {
265 			/* nope */
266 			if (fgr != NULL)
267 				free(fgr);
268 			if (write(tfd, p, q - p + 1) != q - p + 1)
269 				goto err;
270 			++q;
271 			continue;
272 		}
273 		if (old_gr && !gr_equal(fgr, old_gr)) {
274 			warnx("entry inconsistent");
275 			free(fgr);
276 			errno = EINVAL; /* hack */
277 			goto err;
278 		}
279 		free(fgr);
280 
281 		/* it is, replace or remove it */
282 		if (line != NULL) {
283 			len = strlen(line);
284 			if (write(tfd, line, len) != (int) len)
285 				goto err;
286 		} else {
287 			/* when removed, avoid the \n */
288 			q++;
289 		}
290 		/* we're done, just copy the rest over */
291 		for (;;) {
292 			if (write(tfd, q, end - q) != end - q)
293 				goto err;
294 			q = buf;
295 			readlen = read(ffd, buf, size);
296 			if (readlen == 0)
297 				break;
298 			else
299 				len = (size_t)readlen;
300 			if (readlen == -1)
301 				goto err;
302 			end = buf + len;
303 		}
304 		goto done;
305 	}
306 
307 	/* if we got here, we didn't find the old entry */
308 	if (line == NULL) {
309 		errno = ENOENT;
310 		goto err;
311 	}
312 	len = strlen(line);
313 	if ((size_t)write(tfd, line, len) != len ||
314 	   write(tfd, "\n", 1) != 1)
315 		goto err;
316  done:
317 	free(line);
318 	free(buf);
319 	return (0);
320  err:
321 	free(line);
322 	free(buf);
323 	return (-1);
324 }
325 
326 /*
327  * Regenerate the group file
328  */
329 int
330 gr_mkdb(void)
331 {
332 	int fd;
333 
334 	if (chmod(tempname, 0644) != 0)
335 		return (-1);
336 
337 	if (rename(tempname, group_file) != 0)
338 		return (-1);
339 
340 	/*
341 	 * Make sure new group file is safe on disk. To improve performance we
342 	 * will call fsync() to the directory where file lies
343 	 */
344 	if ((fd = open(group_dir, O_RDONLY|O_DIRECTORY)) == -1)
345 		return (-1);
346 
347 	if (fsync(fd) != 0) {
348 		close(fd);
349 		return (-1);
350 	}
351 
352 	close(fd);
353 	return(0);
354 }
355 
356 /*
357  * Clean up. Preserves errno for the caller's convenience.
358  */
359 void
360 gr_fini(void)
361 {
362 	int serrno;
363 
364 	if (!initialized)
365 		return;
366 	initialized = 0;
367 	serrno = errno;
368 	if (*tempname != '\0') {
369 		unlink(tempname);
370 		*tempname = '\0';
371 	}
372 	if (lockfd != -1)
373 		close(lockfd);
374 	errno = serrno;
375 }
376 
377 /*
378  * Compares two struct group's.
379  */
380 int
381 gr_equal(const struct group *gr1, const struct group *gr2)
382 {
383 
384 	/* Check that the non-member information is the same. */
385 	if (gr1->gr_name == NULL || gr2->gr_name == NULL) {
386 		if (gr1->gr_name != gr2->gr_name)
387 			return (false);
388 	} else if (strcmp(gr1->gr_name, gr2->gr_name) != 0)
389 		return (false);
390 	if (gr1->gr_passwd == NULL || gr2->gr_passwd == NULL) {
391 		if (gr1->gr_passwd != gr2->gr_passwd)
392 			return (false);
393 	} else if (strcmp(gr1->gr_passwd, gr2->gr_passwd) != 0)
394 		return (false);
395 	if (gr1->gr_gid != gr2->gr_gid)
396 		return (false);
397 
398 	/*
399 	 * Check all members in both groups.
400 	 * getgrnam can return gr_mem with a pointer to NULL.
401 	 * gr_dup and gr_add strip out this superfluous NULL, setting
402 	 * gr_mem to NULL for no members.
403 	*/
404 	if (gr1->gr_mem != NULL && gr2->gr_mem != NULL) {
405 		int i;
406 
407 		for (i = 0;
408 		    gr1->gr_mem[i] != NULL && gr2->gr_mem[i] != NULL; i++) {
409 			if (strcmp(gr1->gr_mem[i], gr2->gr_mem[i]) != 0)
410 				return (false);
411 		}
412 		if (gr1->gr_mem[i] != NULL || gr2->gr_mem[i] != NULL)
413 			return (false);
414 	} else if (gr1->gr_mem != NULL && gr1->gr_mem[0] != NULL) {
415 		return (false);
416 	} else if (gr2->gr_mem != NULL && gr2->gr_mem[0] != NULL) {
417 		return (false);
418 	}
419 
420 	return (true);
421 }
422 
423 /*
424  * Make a group line out of a struct group.
425  */
426 char *
427 gr_make(const struct group *gr)
428 {
429 	const char *group_line_format = "%s:%s:%ju:";
430 	const char *sep;
431 	char *line;
432 	char *p;
433 	size_t line_size;
434 	int ndx;
435 
436 	/* Calculate the length of the group line. */
437 	line_size = snprintf(NULL, 0, group_line_format, gr->gr_name,
438 	    gr->gr_passwd, (uintmax_t)gr->gr_gid) + 1;
439 	if (gr->gr_mem != NULL) {
440 		for (ndx = 0; gr->gr_mem[ndx] != NULL; ndx++)
441 			line_size += strlen(gr->gr_mem[ndx]) + 1;
442 		if (ndx > 0)
443 			line_size--;
444 	}
445 
446 	/* Create the group line and fill it. */
447 	if ((line = p = malloc(line_size)) == NULL)
448 		return (NULL);
449 	p += sprintf(p, group_line_format, gr->gr_name, gr->gr_passwd,
450 	    (uintmax_t)gr->gr_gid);
451 	if (gr->gr_mem != NULL) {
452 		sep = "";
453 		for (ndx = 0; gr->gr_mem[ndx] != NULL; ndx++) {
454 			p = stpcpy(p, sep);
455 			p = stpcpy(p, gr->gr_mem[ndx]);
456 			sep = ",";
457 		}
458 	}
459 
460 	return (line);
461 }
462 
463 /*
464  * Duplicate a struct group.
465  */
466 struct group *
467 gr_dup(const struct group *gr)
468 {
469 	return (gr_add(gr, NULL));
470 }
471 /*
472  * Add a new member name to a struct group.
473  */
474 struct group *
475 gr_add(const struct group *gr, const char *newmember)
476 {
477 	char *mem;
478 	size_t len;
479 	int num_mem;
480 
481 	num_mem = 0;
482 	len = grmemlen(gr, newmember, &num_mem);
483 	/* Create new group and copy old group into it. */
484 	if ((mem = malloc(len)) == NULL)
485 		return (NULL);
486 	return (grcopy(gr, mem, newmember, num_mem));
487 }
488 
489 /* It is safer to walk the pointers given at gr_mem since there is no
490  * guarantee the gr_mem + strings are contiguous in the given struct group
491  * but compactify the new group into the following form.
492  *
493  * The new struct is laid out like this in memory. The example given is
494  * for a group with two members only.
495  *
496  * {
497  * (char *name)
498  * (char *passwd)
499  * (int gid)
500  * (gr_mem * newgrp + sizeof(struct group) + sizeof(**)) points to gr_mem area
501  * gr_mem area
502  * (member1 *)
503  * (member2 *)
504  * (NULL)
505  * (name string)
506  * (passwd string)
507  * (member1 string)
508  * (member2 string)
509  * }
510  */
511 /*
512  * Copy the contents of a group plus given name to a preallocated group struct
513  */
514 static struct group *
515 grcopy(const struct group *gr, char *dst, const char *name, int ndx)
516 {
517 	int i;
518 	struct group *newgr;
519 
520 	newgr = (struct group *)(void *)dst;	/* avoid alignment warning */
521 	dst += sizeof(*newgr);
522 	if (ndx != 0) {
523 		newgr->gr_mem = (char **)(void *)(dst);	/* avoid alignment warning */
524 		dst += (ndx + 1) * sizeof(*newgr->gr_mem);
525 	} else
526 		newgr->gr_mem = NULL;
527 	if (gr->gr_name != NULL) {
528 		newgr->gr_name = dst;
529 		dst = stpcpy(dst, gr->gr_name) + 1;
530 	} else
531 		newgr->gr_name = NULL;
532 	if (gr->gr_passwd != NULL) {
533 		newgr->gr_passwd = dst;
534 		dst = stpcpy(dst, gr->gr_passwd) + 1;
535 	} else
536 		newgr->gr_passwd = NULL;
537 	newgr->gr_gid = gr->gr_gid;
538 	i = 0;
539 	/* Original group struct might have a NULL gr_mem */
540 	if (gr->gr_mem != NULL) {
541 		for (; gr->gr_mem[i] != NULL; i++) {
542 			newgr->gr_mem[i] = dst;
543 			dst = stpcpy(dst, gr->gr_mem[i]) + 1;
544 		}
545 	}
546 	/* If name is not NULL, newgr->gr_mem is known to be not NULL */
547 	if (name != NULL) {
548 		newgr->gr_mem[i++] = dst;
549 		dst = stpcpy(dst, name) + 1;
550 	}
551 	/* if newgr->gr_mem is not NULL add NULL marker */
552 	if (newgr->gr_mem != NULL)
553 		newgr->gr_mem[i] = NULL;
554 
555 	return (newgr);
556 }
557 
558 /*
559  *  Calculate length of a struct group + given name
560  */
561 static size_t
562 grmemlen(const struct group *gr, const char *name, int *num_mem)
563 {
564 	size_t len;
565 	int i;
566 
567 	if (gr == NULL)
568 		return (0);
569 	/* Calculate size of the group. */
570 	len = sizeof(*gr);
571 	if (gr->gr_name != NULL)
572 		len += strlen(gr->gr_name) + 1;
573 	if (gr->gr_passwd != NULL)
574 		len += strlen(gr->gr_passwd) + 1;
575 	i = 0;
576 	if (gr->gr_mem != NULL) {
577 		for (; gr->gr_mem[i] != NULL; i++) {
578 			len += strlen(gr->gr_mem[i]) + 1;
579 			len += sizeof(*gr->gr_mem);
580 		}
581 	}
582 	if (name != NULL) {
583 		i++;
584 		len += strlen(name) + 1;
585 		len += sizeof(*gr->gr_mem);
586 	}
587 	/* Allow for NULL pointer */
588 	if (i != 0)
589 		len += sizeof(*gr->gr_mem);
590 	*num_mem = i;
591 	return(len);
592 }
593 
594 /*
595  * Scan a line and place it into a group structure.
596  */
597 static bool
598 __gr_scan(char *line, struct group *gr)
599 {
600 	char *loc;
601 	int ndx;
602 
603 	/* Assign non-member information to structure. */
604 	gr->gr_name = line;
605 	if ((loc = strchr(line, ':')) == NULL)
606 		return (false);
607 	*loc = '\0';
608 	gr->gr_passwd = loc + 1;
609 	if (*gr->gr_passwd == ':')
610 		*gr->gr_passwd = '\0';
611 	else {
612 		if ((loc = strchr(loc + 1, ':')) == NULL)
613 			return (false);
614 		*loc = '\0';
615 	}
616 	if (sscanf(loc + 1, "%u", &gr->gr_gid) != 1)
617 		return (false);
618 
619 	/* Assign member information to structure. */
620 	if ((loc = strchr(loc + 1, ':')) == NULL)
621 		return (false);
622 	line = loc + 1;
623 	gr->gr_mem = NULL;
624 	ndx = 0;
625 	do {
626 		gr->gr_mem = reallocf(gr->gr_mem, sizeof(*gr->gr_mem) *
627 		    (ndx + 1));
628 		if (gr->gr_mem == NULL)
629 			return (false);
630 
631 		/* Skip locations without members (i.e., empty string). */
632 		do {
633 			gr->gr_mem[ndx] = strsep(&line, ",");
634 		} while (gr->gr_mem[ndx] != NULL && *gr->gr_mem[ndx] == '\0');
635 	} while (gr->gr_mem[ndx++] != NULL);
636 
637 	return (true);
638 }
639 
640 /*
641  * Create a struct group from a line.
642  */
643 struct group *
644 gr_scan(const char *line)
645 {
646 	struct group gr;
647 	char *line_copy;
648 	struct group *new_gr;
649 
650 	if ((line_copy = strdup(line)) == NULL)
651 		return (NULL);
652 	if (!__gr_scan(line_copy, &gr)) {
653 		free(line_copy);
654 		return (NULL);
655 	}
656 	new_gr = gr_dup(&gr);
657 	free(line_copy);
658 	if (gr.gr_mem != NULL)
659 		free(gr.gr_mem);
660 
661 	return (new_gr);
662 }
663