xref: /freebsd/lib/libutil/gr_util.c (revision 09a53ad8f1318c5daae6cfb19d97f4f6459f0013)
1 /*-
2  * Copyright (c) 2008 Sean C. Farley <scf@FreeBSD.org>
3  * All rights reserved.
4  *
5  * Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
6  * modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions
7  * are met:
8  * 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
9  *    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer,
10  *    without modification, immediately at the beginning of the file.
11  * 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright
12  *    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the
13  *    documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
14  *
15  * THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE AUTHOR ``AS IS'' AND ANY EXPRESS OR
16  * IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE IMPLIED WARRANTIES
17  * OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE ARE DISCLAIMED.
18  * IN NO EVENT SHALL THE AUTHOR BE LIABLE FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT,
19  * INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT
20  * NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE,
21  * DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION) HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY
22  * THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT LIABILITY, OR TORT
23  * (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE OF
24  * THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE.
25  */
26 
27 #include <sys/cdefs.h>
28 __FBSDID("$FreeBSD$");
29 
30 #include <sys/param.h>
31 #include <sys/errno.h>
32 #include <sys/stat.h>
33 
34 #include <ctype.h>
35 #include <err.h>
36 #include <fcntl.h>
37 #include <grp.h>
38 #include <inttypes.h>
39 #include <libutil.h>
40 #include <paths.h>
41 #include <stdbool.h>
42 #include <stdio.h>
43 #include <stdlib.h>
44 #include <string.h>
45 #include <unistd.h>
46 
47 static int lockfd = -1;
48 static char group_dir[PATH_MAX];
49 static char group_file[PATH_MAX];
50 static char tempname[PATH_MAX];
51 static int initialized;
52 static size_t grmemlen(const struct group *, const char *, int *);
53 static struct group *grcopy(const struct group *gr, char *mem, const char *, int ndx);
54 
55 /*
56  * Initialize statics
57  */
58 int
59 gr_init(const char *dir, const char *group)
60 {
61 
62 	if (dir == NULL) {
63 		strcpy(group_dir, _PATH_ETC);
64 	} else {
65 		if (strlen(dir) >= sizeof(group_dir)) {
66 			errno = ENAMETOOLONG;
67 			return (-1);
68 		}
69 		strcpy(group_dir, dir);
70 	}
71 
72 	if (group == NULL) {
73 		if (dir == NULL) {
74 			strcpy(group_file, _PATH_GROUP);
75 		} else if (snprintf(group_file, sizeof(group_file), "%s/group",
76 			group_dir) > (int)sizeof(group_file)) {
77 			errno = ENAMETOOLONG;
78 			return (-1);
79 		}
80 	} else {
81 		if (strlen(group) >= sizeof(group_file)) {
82 			errno = ENAMETOOLONG;
83 			return (-1);
84 		}
85 		strcpy(group_file, group);
86 	}
87 
88 	initialized = 1;
89 	return (0);
90 }
91 
92 /*
93  * Lock the group file
94  */
95 int
96 gr_lock(void)
97 {
98 	if (*group_file == '\0')
99 		return (-1);
100 
101 	for (;;) {
102 		struct stat st;
103 
104 		lockfd = flopen(group_file, O_RDONLY|O_NONBLOCK|O_CLOEXEC, 0);
105 		if (lockfd == -1) {
106 			if (errno == EWOULDBLOCK) {
107 				errx(1, "the group file is busy");
108 			} else {
109 				err(1, "could not lock the group file: ");
110 			}
111 		}
112 		if (fstat(lockfd, &st) == -1)
113 			err(1, "fstat() failed: ");
114 		if (st.st_nlink != 0)
115 			break;
116 		close(lockfd);
117 		lockfd = -1;
118 	}
119 	return (lockfd);
120 }
121 
122 /*
123  * Create and open a presmuably safe temp file for editing group data
124  */
125 int
126 gr_tmp(int mfd)
127 {
128 	char buf[8192];
129 	ssize_t nr;
130 	const char *p;
131 	int tfd;
132 
133 	if (*group_file == '\0')
134 		return (-1);
135 	if ((p = strrchr(group_file, '/')))
136 		++p;
137 	else
138 		p = group_file;
139 	if (snprintf(tempname, sizeof(tempname), "%.*sgroup.XXXXXX",
140 		(int)(p - group_file), group_file) >= (int)sizeof(tempname)) {
141 		errno = ENAMETOOLONG;
142 		return (-1);
143 	}
144 	if ((tfd = mkostemp(tempname, O_SYNC)) == -1)
145 		return (-1);
146 	if (mfd != -1) {
147 		while ((nr = read(mfd, buf, sizeof(buf))) > 0)
148 			if (write(tfd, buf, (size_t)nr) != nr)
149 				break;
150 		if (nr != 0) {
151 			unlink(tempname);
152 			*tempname = '\0';
153 			close(tfd);
154 			return (-1);
155 		}
156 	}
157 	return (tfd);
158 }
159 
160 /*
161  * Copy the group file from one descriptor to another, replacing, deleting
162  * or adding a single record on the way.
163  */
164 int
165 gr_copy(int ffd, int tfd, const struct group *gr, struct group *old_gr)
166 {
167 	char buf[8192], *end, *line, *p, *q, *r, t;
168 	struct group *fgr;
169 	const struct group *sgr;
170 	size_t len;
171 	int eof, readlen;
172 
173 	if (old_gr == NULL && gr == NULL)
174 		return(-1);
175 
176 	sgr = old_gr;
177 	/* deleting a group */
178 	if (gr == NULL) {
179 		line = NULL;
180 	} else {
181 		if ((line = gr_make(gr)) == NULL)
182 			return (-1);
183 	}
184 
185 	/* adding a group */
186 	if (sgr == NULL)
187 		sgr = gr;
188 
189 	eof = 0;
190 	len = 0;
191 	p = q = end = buf;
192 	for (;;) {
193 		/* find the end of the current line */
194 		for (p = q; q < end && *q != '\0'; ++q)
195 			if (*q == '\n')
196 				break;
197 
198 		/* if we don't have a complete line, fill up the buffer */
199 		if (q >= end) {
200 			if (eof)
201 				break;
202 			if ((size_t)(q - p) >= sizeof(buf)) {
203 				warnx("group line too long");
204 				errno = EINVAL; /* hack */
205 				goto err;
206 			}
207 			if (p < end) {
208 				q = memmove(buf, p, end -p);
209 				end -= p - buf;
210 			} else {
211 				p = q = end = buf;
212 			}
213 			readlen = read(ffd, end, sizeof(buf) - (end -buf));
214 			if (readlen == -1)
215 				goto err;
216 			else
217 				len = (size_t)readlen;
218 			if (len == 0 && p == buf)
219 				break;
220 			end += len;
221 			len = end - buf;
222 			if (len < (ssize_t)sizeof(buf)) {
223 				eof = 1;
224 				if (len > 0 && buf[len -1] != '\n')
225 					++len, *end++ = '\n';
226 			}
227 			continue;
228 		}
229 
230 		/* is it a blank line or a comment? */
231 		for (r = p; r < q && isspace(*r); ++r)
232 			/* nothing */;
233 		if (r == q || *r == '#') {
234 			/* yep */
235 			if (write(tfd, p, q -p + 1) != q - p + 1)
236 				goto err;
237 			++q;
238 			continue;
239 		}
240 
241 		/* is it the one we're looking for? */
242 
243 		t = *q;
244 		*q = '\0';
245 
246 		fgr = gr_scan(r);
247 
248 		/* fgr is either a struct group for the current line,
249 		 * or NULL if the line is malformed.
250 		 */
251 
252 		*q = t;
253 		if (fgr == NULL || fgr->gr_gid != sgr->gr_gid) {
254 			/* nope */
255 			if (fgr != NULL)
256 				free(fgr);
257 			if (write(tfd, p, q - p + 1) != q - p + 1)
258 				goto err;
259 			++q;
260 			continue;
261 		}
262 		if (old_gr && !gr_equal(fgr, old_gr)) {
263 			warnx("entry inconsistent");
264 			free(fgr);
265 			errno = EINVAL; /* hack */
266 			goto err;
267 		}
268 		free(fgr);
269 
270 		/* it is, replace or remove it */
271 		if (line != NULL) {
272 			len = strlen(line);
273 			if (write(tfd, line, len) != (int) len)
274 				goto err;
275 		} else {
276 			/* when removed, avoid the \n */
277 			q++;
278 		}
279 		/* we're done, just copy the rest over */
280 		for (;;) {
281 			if (write(tfd, q, end - q) != end - q)
282 				goto err;
283 			q = buf;
284 			readlen = read(ffd, buf, sizeof(buf));
285 			if (readlen == 0)
286 				break;
287 			else
288 				len = (size_t)readlen;
289 			if (readlen == -1)
290 				goto err;
291 			end = buf + len;
292 		}
293 		goto done;
294 	}
295 
296 	/* if we got here, we didn't find the old entry */
297 	if (line == NULL) {
298 		errno = ENOENT;
299 		goto err;
300 	}
301 	len = strlen(line);
302 	if ((size_t)write(tfd, line, len) != len ||
303 	   write(tfd, "\n", 1) != 1)
304 		goto err;
305  done:
306 	if (line != NULL)
307 		free(line);
308 	return (0);
309  err:
310 	if (line != NULL)
311 		free(line);
312 	return (-1);
313 }
314 
315 /*
316  * Regenerate the group file
317  */
318 int
319 gr_mkdb(void)
320 {
321 	int fd;
322 
323 	if (chmod(tempname, 0644) != 0)
324 		return (-1);
325 
326 	if (rename(tempname, group_file) != 0)
327 		return (-1);
328 
329 	/*
330 	 * Make sure new group file is safe on disk. To improve performance we
331 	 * will call fsync() to the directory where file lies
332 	 */
333 	if ((fd = open(group_dir, O_RDONLY|O_DIRECTORY)) == -1)
334 		return (-1);
335 
336 	if (fsync(fd) != 0) {
337 		close(fd);
338 		return (-1);
339 	}
340 
341 	close(fd);
342 	return(0);
343 }
344 
345 /*
346  * Clean up. Preserves errno for the caller's convenience.
347  */
348 void
349 gr_fini(void)
350 {
351 	int serrno;
352 
353 	if (!initialized)
354 		return;
355 	initialized = 0;
356 	serrno = errno;
357 	if (*tempname != '\0') {
358 		unlink(tempname);
359 		*tempname = '\0';
360 	}
361 	if (lockfd != -1)
362 		close(lockfd);
363 	errno = serrno;
364 }
365 
366 /*
367  * Compares two struct group's.
368  */
369 int
370 gr_equal(const struct group *gr1, const struct group *gr2)
371 {
372 
373 	/* Check that the non-member information is the same. */
374 	if (gr1->gr_name == NULL || gr2->gr_name == NULL) {
375 		if (gr1->gr_name != gr2->gr_name)
376 			return (false);
377 	} else if (strcmp(gr1->gr_name, gr2->gr_name) != 0)
378 		return (false);
379 	if (gr1->gr_passwd == NULL || gr2->gr_passwd == NULL) {
380 		if (gr1->gr_passwd != gr2->gr_passwd)
381 			return (false);
382 	} else if (strcmp(gr1->gr_passwd, gr2->gr_passwd) != 0)
383 		return (false);
384 	if (gr1->gr_gid != gr2->gr_gid)
385 		return (false);
386 
387 	/*
388 	 * Check all members in both groups.
389 	 * getgrnam can return gr_mem with a pointer to NULL.
390 	 * gr_dup and gr_add strip out this superfluous NULL, setting
391 	 * gr_mem to NULL for no members.
392 	*/
393 	if (gr1->gr_mem != NULL && gr2->gr_mem != NULL) {
394 		int i;
395 
396 		for (i = 0;
397 		    gr1->gr_mem[i] != NULL && gr2->gr_mem[i] != NULL; i++) {
398 			if (strcmp(gr1->gr_mem[i], gr2->gr_mem[i]) != 0)
399 				return (false);
400 		}
401 		if (gr1->gr_mem[i] != NULL || gr2->gr_mem[i] != NULL)
402 			return (false);
403 	} else if (gr1->gr_mem != NULL && gr1->gr_mem[0] != NULL) {
404 		return (false);
405 	} else if (gr2->gr_mem != NULL && gr2->gr_mem[0] != NULL) {
406 		return (false);
407 	}
408 
409 	return (true);
410 }
411 
412 /*
413  * Make a group line out of a struct group.
414  */
415 char *
416 gr_make(const struct group *gr)
417 {
418 	const char *group_line_format = "%s:%s:%ju:";
419 	const char *sep;
420 	char *line;
421 	char *p;
422 	size_t line_size;
423 	int ndx;
424 
425 	/* Calculate the length of the group line. */
426 	line_size = snprintf(NULL, 0, group_line_format, gr->gr_name,
427 	    gr->gr_passwd, (uintmax_t)gr->gr_gid) + 1;
428 	if (gr->gr_mem != NULL) {
429 		for (ndx = 0; gr->gr_mem[ndx] != NULL; ndx++)
430 			line_size += strlen(gr->gr_mem[ndx]) + 1;
431 		if (ndx > 0)
432 			line_size--;
433 	}
434 
435 	/* Create the group line and fill it. */
436 	if ((line = p = malloc(line_size)) == NULL)
437 		return (NULL);
438 	p += sprintf(p, group_line_format, gr->gr_name, gr->gr_passwd,
439 	    (uintmax_t)gr->gr_gid);
440 	if (gr->gr_mem != NULL) {
441 		sep = "";
442 		for (ndx = 0; gr->gr_mem[ndx] != NULL; ndx++) {
443 			p = stpcpy(p, sep);
444 			p = stpcpy(p, gr->gr_mem[ndx]);
445 			sep = ",";
446 		}
447 	}
448 
449 	return (line);
450 }
451 
452 /*
453  * Duplicate a struct group.
454  */
455 struct group *
456 gr_dup(const struct group *gr)
457 {
458 	return (gr_add(gr, NULL));
459 }
460 /*
461  * Add a new member name to a struct group.
462  */
463 struct group *
464 gr_add(const struct group *gr, const char *newmember)
465 {
466 	char *mem;
467 	size_t len;
468 	int num_mem;
469 
470 	num_mem = 0;
471 	len = grmemlen(gr, newmember, &num_mem);
472 	/* Create new group and copy old group into it. */
473 	if ((mem = malloc(len)) == NULL)
474 		return (NULL);
475 	return (grcopy(gr, mem, newmember, num_mem));
476 }
477 
478 /* It is safer to walk the pointers given at gr_mem since there is no
479  * guarantee the gr_mem + strings are contiguous in the given struct group
480  * but compactify the new group into the following form.
481  *
482  * The new struct is laid out like this in memory. The example given is
483  * for a group with two members only.
484  *
485  * {
486  * (char *name)
487  * (char *passwd)
488  * (int gid)
489  * (gr_mem * newgrp + sizeof(struct group) + sizeof(**)) points to gr_mem area
490  * gr_mem area
491  * (member1 *)
492  * (member2 *)
493  * (NULL)
494  * (name string)
495  * (passwd string)
496  * (member1 string)
497  * (member2 string)
498  * }
499  */
500 /*
501  * Copy the contents of a group plus given name to a preallocated group struct
502  */
503 static struct group *
504 grcopy(const struct group *gr, char *dst, const char *name, int ndx)
505 {
506 	int i;
507 	struct group *newgr;
508 
509 	newgr = (struct group *)(void *)dst;	/* avoid alignment warning */
510 	dst += sizeof(*newgr);
511 	if (ndx != 0) {
512 		newgr->gr_mem = (char **)(void *)(dst);	/* avoid alignment warning */
513 		dst += (ndx + 1) * sizeof(*newgr->gr_mem);
514 	} else
515 		newgr->gr_mem = NULL;
516 	if (gr->gr_name != NULL) {
517 		newgr->gr_name = dst;
518 		dst = stpcpy(dst, gr->gr_name) + 1;
519 	} else
520 		newgr->gr_name = NULL;
521 	if (gr->gr_passwd != NULL) {
522 		newgr->gr_passwd = dst;
523 		dst = stpcpy(dst, gr->gr_passwd) + 1;
524 	} else
525 		newgr->gr_passwd = NULL;
526 	newgr->gr_gid = gr->gr_gid;
527 	i = 0;
528 	/* Original group struct might have a NULL gr_mem */
529 	if (gr->gr_mem != NULL) {
530 		for (; gr->gr_mem[i] != NULL; i++) {
531 			newgr->gr_mem[i] = dst;
532 			dst = stpcpy(dst, gr->gr_mem[i]) + 1;
533 		}
534 	}
535 	/* If name is not NULL, newgr->gr_mem is known to be not NULL */
536 	if (name != NULL) {
537 		newgr->gr_mem[i++] = dst;
538 		dst = stpcpy(dst, name) + 1;
539 	}
540 	/* if newgr->gr_mem is not NULL add NULL marker */
541 	if (newgr->gr_mem != NULL)
542 		newgr->gr_mem[i] = NULL;
543 
544 	return (newgr);
545 }
546 
547 /*
548  *  Calculate length of a struct group + given name
549  */
550 static size_t
551 grmemlen(const struct group *gr, const char *name, int *num_mem)
552 {
553 	size_t len;
554 	int i;
555 
556 	if (gr == NULL)
557 		return (0);
558 	/* Calculate size of the group. */
559 	len = sizeof(*gr);
560 	if (gr->gr_name != NULL)
561 		len += strlen(gr->gr_name) + 1;
562 	if (gr->gr_passwd != NULL)
563 		len += strlen(gr->gr_passwd) + 1;
564 	i = 0;
565 	if (gr->gr_mem != NULL) {
566 		for (; gr->gr_mem[i] != NULL; i++) {
567 			len += strlen(gr->gr_mem[i]) + 1;
568 			len += sizeof(*gr->gr_mem);
569 		}
570 	}
571 	if (name != NULL) {
572 		i++;
573 		len += strlen(name) + 1;
574 		len += sizeof(*gr->gr_mem);
575 	}
576 	/* Allow for NULL pointer */
577 	if (i != 0)
578 		len += sizeof(*gr->gr_mem);
579 	*num_mem = i;
580 	return(len);
581 }
582 
583 /*
584  * Scan a line and place it into a group structure.
585  */
586 static bool
587 __gr_scan(char *line, struct group *gr)
588 {
589 	char *loc;
590 	int ndx;
591 
592 	/* Assign non-member information to structure. */
593 	gr->gr_name = line;
594 	if ((loc = strchr(line, ':')) == NULL)
595 		return (false);
596 	*loc = '\0';
597 	gr->gr_passwd = loc + 1;
598 	if (*gr->gr_passwd == ':')
599 		*gr->gr_passwd = '\0';
600 	else {
601 		if ((loc = strchr(loc + 1, ':')) == NULL)
602 			return (false);
603 		*loc = '\0';
604 	}
605 	if (sscanf(loc + 1, "%u", &gr->gr_gid) != 1)
606 		return (false);
607 
608 	/* Assign member information to structure. */
609 	if ((loc = strchr(loc + 1, ':')) == NULL)
610 		return (false);
611 	line = loc + 1;
612 	gr->gr_mem = NULL;
613 	ndx = 0;
614 	do {
615 		gr->gr_mem = reallocf(gr->gr_mem, sizeof(*gr->gr_mem) *
616 		    (ndx + 1));
617 		if (gr->gr_mem == NULL)
618 			return (false);
619 
620 		/* Skip locations without members (i.e., empty string). */
621 		do {
622 			gr->gr_mem[ndx] = strsep(&line, ",");
623 		} while (gr->gr_mem[ndx] != NULL && *gr->gr_mem[ndx] == '\0');
624 	} while (gr->gr_mem[ndx++] != NULL);
625 
626 	return (true);
627 }
628 
629 /*
630  * Create a struct group from a line.
631  */
632 struct group *
633 gr_scan(const char *line)
634 {
635 	struct group gr;
636 	char *line_copy;
637 	struct group *new_gr;
638 
639 	if ((line_copy = strdup(line)) == NULL)
640 		return (NULL);
641 	if (!__gr_scan(line_copy, &gr)) {
642 		free(line_copy);
643 		return (NULL);
644 	}
645 	new_gr = gr_dup(&gr);
646 	free(line_copy);
647 	if (gr.gr_mem != NULL)
648 		free(gr.gr_mem);
649 
650 	return (new_gr);
651 }
652