xref: /freebsd/lib/libthr/thread/thr_list.c (revision 87569f75a91f298c52a71823c04d41cf53c88889)
1 /*
2  * Copyright (c) 2005 David Xu <davidxu@freebsd.org>
3  * Copyright (C) 2003 Daniel M. Eischen <deischen@freebsd.org>
4  * All rights reserved.
5  *
6  * Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
7  * modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions
8  * are met:
9  * 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
10  *    notice unmodified, this list of conditions, and the following
11  *    disclaimer.
12  * 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright
13  *    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the
14  *    documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
15  *
16  * THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE AUTHOR ``AS IS'' AND ANY EXPRESS OR
17  * IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE IMPLIED WARRANTIES
18  * OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE ARE DISCLAIMED.
19  * IN NO EVENT SHALL THE AUTHOR BE LIABLE FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT,
20  * INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT
21  * NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE,
22  * DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION) HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY
23  * THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT LIABILITY, OR TORT
24  * (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE OF
25  * THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE.
26  *
27  * $FreeBSD$
28  */
29 
30 #include <sys/types.h>
31 #include <sys/queue.h>
32 
33 #include <stdlib.h>
34 #include <string.h>
35 #include <pthread.h>
36 
37 #include "thr_private.h"
38 #include "libc_private.h"
39 
40 /*#define DEBUG_THREAD_LIST */
41 #ifdef DEBUG_THREAD_LIST
42 #define DBG_MSG		stdout_debug
43 #else
44 #define DBG_MSG(x...)
45 #endif
46 
47 /*
48  * Define a high water mark for the maximum number of threads that
49  * will be cached.  Once this level is reached, any extra threads
50  * will be free()'d.
51  */
52 #define	MAX_CACHED_THREADS	100
53 
54 /*
55  * We've got to keep track of everything that is allocated, not only
56  * to have a speedy free list, but also so they can be deallocated
57  * after a fork().
58  */
59 static TAILQ_HEAD(, pthread)	free_threadq;
60 static umtx_t			free_thread_lock;
61 static umtx_t			tcb_lock;
62 static int			free_thread_count = 0;
63 static int			inited = 0;
64 
65 LIST_HEAD(thread_hash_head, pthread);
66 #define HASH_QUEUES	128
67 static struct thread_hash_head	thr_hashtable[HASH_QUEUES];
68 #define	THREAD_HASH(thrd)	(((unsigned long)thrd >> 8) % HASH_QUEUES)
69 
70 static void thr_destroy(struct pthread *curthread, struct pthread *thread);
71 
72 void
73 _thr_list_init(void)
74 {
75 	int i;
76 
77 	_gc_count = 0;
78 	_thr_umtx_init(&_thr_list_lock);
79 	TAILQ_INIT(&_thread_list);
80 	TAILQ_INIT(&free_threadq);
81 	_thr_umtx_init(&free_thread_lock);
82 	_thr_umtx_init(&tcb_lock);
83 	if (inited) {
84 		for (i = 0; i < HASH_QUEUES; ++i)
85 			LIST_INIT(&thr_hashtable[i]);
86 	}
87 	inited = 1;
88 }
89 
90 void
91 _thr_gc(struct pthread *curthread)
92 {
93 	struct pthread *td, *td_next;
94 	TAILQ_HEAD(, pthread) worklist;
95 
96 	TAILQ_INIT(&worklist);
97 	THREAD_LIST_LOCK(curthread);
98 
99 	/* Check the threads waiting for GC. */
100 	for (td = TAILQ_FIRST(&_thread_gc_list); td != NULL; td = td_next) {
101 		td_next = TAILQ_NEXT(td, gcle);
102 		if (td->tid != TID_TERMINATED) {
103 			/* make sure we are not still in userland */
104 			continue;
105 		}
106 		_thr_stack_free(&td->attr);
107 		if (((td->tlflags & TLFLAGS_DETACHED) != 0) &&
108 		    (td->refcount == 0)) {
109 			THR_GCLIST_REMOVE(td);
110 			/*
111 			 * The thread has detached and is no longer
112 			 * referenced.  It is safe to remove all
113 			 * remnants of the thread.
114 			 */
115 			THR_LIST_REMOVE(td);
116 			TAILQ_INSERT_HEAD(&worklist, td, gcle);
117 		}
118 	}
119 	THREAD_LIST_UNLOCK(curthread);
120 
121 	while ((td = TAILQ_FIRST(&worklist)) != NULL) {
122 		TAILQ_REMOVE(&worklist, td, gcle);
123 		/*
124 		 * XXX we don't free initial thread, because there might
125 		 * have some code referencing initial thread.
126 		 */
127 		if (td == _thr_initial) {
128 			DBG_MSG("Initial thread won't be freed\n");
129 			continue;
130 		}
131 
132 		_thr_free(curthread, td);
133 	}
134 }
135 
136 struct pthread *
137 _thr_alloc(struct pthread *curthread)
138 {
139 	struct pthread	*thread = NULL;
140 	struct tcb	*tcb;
141 
142 	if (curthread != NULL) {
143 		if (GC_NEEDED())
144 			_thr_gc(curthread);
145 		if (free_thread_count > 0) {
146 			THR_LOCK_ACQUIRE(curthread, &free_thread_lock);
147 			if ((thread = TAILQ_FIRST(&free_threadq)) != NULL) {
148 				TAILQ_REMOVE(&free_threadq, thread, tle);
149 				free_thread_count--;
150 			}
151 			THR_LOCK_RELEASE(curthread, &free_thread_lock);
152 		}
153 	}
154 	if (thread == NULL) {
155 		thread = malloc(sizeof(struct pthread));
156 		if (thread == NULL)
157 			return (NULL);
158 	}
159 	if (curthread != NULL) {
160 		THR_LOCK_ACQUIRE(curthread, &tcb_lock);
161 		tcb = _tcb_ctor(thread, 0 /* not initial tls */);
162 		THR_LOCK_RELEASE(curthread, &tcb_lock);
163 	} else {
164 		tcb = _tcb_ctor(thread, 1 /* initial tls */);
165 	}
166 	if (tcb != NULL) {
167 		memset(thread, 0, sizeof(*thread));
168 		thread->tcb = tcb;
169 	} else {
170 		thr_destroy(curthread, thread);
171 		thread = NULL;
172 	}
173 	return (thread);
174 }
175 
176 void
177 _thr_free(struct pthread *curthread, struct pthread *thread)
178 {
179 	DBG_MSG("Freeing thread %p\n", thread);
180 
181 	/*
182 	 * Always free tcb, as we only know it is part of RTLD TLS
183 	 * block, but don't know its detail and can not assume how
184 	 * it works, so better to avoid caching it here.
185 	 */
186 	if (curthread != NULL) {
187 		THR_LOCK_ACQUIRE(curthread, &tcb_lock);
188 		_tcb_dtor(thread->tcb);
189 		THR_LOCK_RELEASE(curthread, &tcb_lock);
190 	} else {
191 		_tcb_dtor(thread->tcb);
192 	}
193 	thread->tcb = NULL;
194 	if ((curthread == NULL) || (free_thread_count >= MAX_CACHED_THREADS)) {
195 		thr_destroy(curthread, thread);
196 	} else {
197 		/*
198 		 * Add the thread to the free thread list, this also avoids
199 		 * pthread id is reused too quickly, may help some buggy apps.
200 		 */
201 		THR_LOCK_ACQUIRE(curthread, &free_thread_lock);
202 		TAILQ_INSERT_TAIL(&free_threadq, thread, tle);
203 		free_thread_count++;
204 		THR_LOCK_RELEASE(curthread, &free_thread_lock);
205 	}
206 }
207 
208 static void
209 thr_destroy(struct pthread *curthread __unused, struct pthread *thread)
210 {
211 	free(thread);
212 }
213 
214 /*
215  * Add the thread to the list of all threads and increment
216  * number of active threads.
217  */
218 void
219 _thr_link(struct pthread *curthread, struct pthread *thread)
220 {
221 	THREAD_LIST_LOCK(curthread);
222 	THR_LIST_ADD(thread);
223 	_thread_active_threads++;
224 	THREAD_LIST_UNLOCK(curthread);
225 }
226 
227 /*
228  * Remove an active thread.
229  */
230 void
231 _thr_unlink(struct pthread *curthread, struct pthread *thread)
232 {
233 	THREAD_LIST_LOCK(curthread);
234 	THR_LIST_REMOVE(thread);
235 	_thread_active_threads--;
236 	THREAD_LIST_UNLOCK(curthread);
237 }
238 
239 void
240 _thr_hash_add(struct pthread *thread)
241 {
242 	struct thread_hash_head *head;
243 
244 	head = &thr_hashtable[THREAD_HASH(thread)];
245 	LIST_INSERT_HEAD(head, thread, hle);
246 }
247 
248 void
249 _thr_hash_remove(struct pthread *thread)
250 {
251 	LIST_REMOVE(thread, hle);
252 }
253 
254 struct pthread *
255 _thr_hash_find(struct pthread *thread)
256 {
257 	struct pthread *td;
258 	struct thread_hash_head *head;
259 
260 	head = &thr_hashtable[THREAD_HASH(thread)];
261 	LIST_FOREACH(td, head, hle) {
262 		if (td == thread)
263 			return (thread);
264 	}
265 	return (NULL);
266 }
267 
268 /*
269  * Find a thread in the linked list of active threads and add a reference
270  * to it.  Threads with positive reference counts will not be deallocated
271  * until all references are released.
272  */
273 int
274 _thr_ref_add(struct pthread *curthread, struct pthread *thread,
275     int include_dead)
276 {
277 	int ret;
278 
279 	if (thread == NULL)
280 		/* Invalid thread: */
281 		return (EINVAL);
282 
283 	THREAD_LIST_LOCK(curthread);
284 	if ((ret = _thr_find_thread(curthread, thread, include_dead)) == 0) {
285 		thread->refcount++;
286 	}
287 	THREAD_LIST_UNLOCK(curthread);
288 
289 	/* Return zero if the thread exists: */
290 	return (ret);
291 }
292 
293 void
294 _thr_ref_delete(struct pthread *curthread, struct pthread *thread)
295 {
296 	THREAD_LIST_LOCK(curthread);
297 	_thr_ref_delete_unlocked(curthread, thread);
298 	THREAD_LIST_UNLOCK(curthread);
299 }
300 
301 void
302 _thr_ref_delete_unlocked(struct pthread *curthread, struct pthread *thread)
303 {
304 	if (thread != NULL) {
305 		thread->refcount--;
306 		if ((thread->refcount == 0) && thread->state == PS_DEAD &&
307 		    (thread->tlflags & TLFLAGS_DETACHED) != 0)
308 			THR_GCLIST_ADD(thread);
309 	}
310 }
311 
312 int
313 _thr_find_thread(struct pthread *curthread, struct pthread *thread,
314     int include_dead)
315 {
316 	struct pthread *pthread;
317 
318 	if (thread == NULL)
319 		/* Invalid thread: */
320 		return (EINVAL);
321 
322 	pthread = _thr_hash_find(thread);
323 	if (pthread) {
324 		if (include_dead == 0 && pthread->state == PS_DEAD) {
325 			pthread = NULL;
326 		}
327 	}
328 
329 	/* Return zero if the thread exists: */
330 	return ((pthread != NULL) ? 0 : ESRCH);
331 }
332