xref: /freebsd/lib/libthr/thread/thr_list.c (revision 262e143bd46171a6415a5b28af260a5efa2a3db8)
1 /*
2  * Copyright (c) 2005 David Xu <davidxu@freebsd.org>
3  * Copyright (C) 2003 Daniel M. Eischen <deischen@freebsd.org>
4  * All rights reserved.
5  *
6  * Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
7  * modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions
8  * are met:
9  * 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
10  *    notice unmodified, this list of conditions, and the following
11  *    disclaimer.
12  * 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright
13  *    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the
14  *    documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
15  *
16  * THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE AUTHOR ``AS IS'' AND ANY EXPRESS OR
17  * IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE IMPLIED WARRANTIES
18  * OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE ARE DISCLAIMED.
19  * IN NO EVENT SHALL THE AUTHOR BE LIABLE FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT,
20  * INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT
21  * NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE,
22  * DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION) HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY
23  * THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT LIABILITY, OR TORT
24  * (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE OF
25  * THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE.
26  *
27  * $FreeBSD$
28  */
29 
30 #include <sys/types.h>
31 #include <sys/queue.h>
32 
33 #include <stdlib.h>
34 #include <string.h>
35 #include <pthread.h>
36 
37 #include "thr_private.h"
38 #include "libc_private.h"
39 
40 /*#define DEBUG_THREAD_LIST */
41 #ifdef DEBUG_THREAD_LIST
42 #define DBG_MSG		stdout_debug
43 #else
44 #define DBG_MSG(x...)
45 #endif
46 
47 /*
48  * Define a high water mark for the maximum number of threads that
49  * will be cached.  Once this level is reached, any extra threads
50  * will be free()'d.
51  */
52 #define	MAX_CACHED_THREADS	100
53 
54 /*
55  * We've got to keep track of everything that is allocated, not only
56  * to have a speedy free list, but also so they can be deallocated
57  * after a fork().
58  */
59 static TAILQ_HEAD(, pthread)	free_threadq;
60 static umtx_t			free_thread_lock;
61 static umtx_t			tcb_lock;
62 static int			free_thread_count = 0;
63 static int			inited = 0;
64 
65 LIST_HEAD(thread_hash_head, pthread);
66 #define HASH_QUEUES	128
67 static struct thread_hash_head	thr_hashtable[HASH_QUEUES];
68 #define	THREAD_HASH(thrd)	(((unsigned long)thrd >> 8) % HASH_QUEUES)
69 
70 static void thr_destroy(struct pthread *curthread, struct pthread *thread);
71 
72 void
73 _thr_list_init(void)
74 {
75 	int i;
76 
77 	_gc_count = 0;
78 	_thr_umtx_init(&_thr_list_lock);
79 	TAILQ_INIT(&_thread_list);
80 	TAILQ_INIT(&free_threadq);
81 	_thr_umtx_init(&free_thread_lock);
82 	_thr_umtx_init(&tcb_lock);
83 	if (inited) {
84 		for (i = 0; i < HASH_QUEUES; ++i)
85 			LIST_INIT(&thr_hashtable[i]);
86 	}
87 	inited = 1;
88 }
89 
90 void
91 _thr_gc(struct pthread *curthread)
92 {
93 	struct pthread *td, *td_next;
94 	TAILQ_HEAD(, pthread) worklist;
95 
96 	TAILQ_INIT(&worklist);
97 	THREAD_LIST_LOCK(curthread);
98 
99 	/* Check the threads waiting for GC. */
100 	for (td = TAILQ_FIRST(&_thread_gc_list); td != NULL; td = td_next) {
101 		td_next = TAILQ_NEXT(td, gcle);
102 		if (td->tid != TID_TERMINATED) {
103 			/* make sure we are not still in userland */
104 			continue;
105 		}
106 		_thr_stack_free(&td->attr);
107 		if (((td->tlflags & TLFLAGS_DETACHED) != 0) &&
108 		    (td->refcount == 0)) {
109 			THR_GCLIST_REMOVE(td);
110 			/*
111 			 * The thread has detached and is no longer
112 			 * referenced.  It is safe to remove all
113 			 * remnants of the thread.
114 			 */
115 			THR_LIST_REMOVE(td);
116 			TAILQ_INSERT_HEAD(&worklist, td, gcle);
117 		}
118 	}
119 	THREAD_LIST_UNLOCK(curthread);
120 
121 	while ((td = TAILQ_FIRST(&worklist)) != NULL) {
122 		TAILQ_REMOVE(&worklist, td, gcle);
123 		/*
124 		 * XXX we don't free initial thread, because there might
125 		 * have some code referencing initial thread.
126 		 */
127 		if (td == _thr_initial) {
128 			DBG_MSG("Initial thread won't be freed\n");
129 			continue;
130 		}
131 
132 		DBG_MSG("Freeing thread %p\n", td);
133 		_thr_free(curthread, td);
134 	}
135 }
136 
137 struct pthread *
138 _thr_alloc(struct pthread *curthread)
139 {
140 	struct pthread	*thread = NULL;
141 	struct tcb	*tcb;
142 
143 	if (curthread != NULL) {
144 		if (GC_NEEDED())
145 			_thr_gc(curthread);
146 		if (free_thread_count > 0) {
147 			THR_LOCK_ACQUIRE(curthread, &free_thread_lock);
148 			if ((thread = TAILQ_FIRST(&free_threadq)) != NULL) {
149 				TAILQ_REMOVE(&free_threadq, thread, tle);
150 				free_thread_count--;
151 			}
152 			THR_LOCK_RELEASE(curthread, &free_thread_lock);
153 		}
154 	}
155 	if (thread == NULL) {
156 		thread = malloc(sizeof(struct pthread));
157 		if (thread == NULL)
158 			return (NULL);
159 	}
160 	if (curthread != NULL) {
161 		THR_LOCK_ACQUIRE(curthread, &tcb_lock);
162 		tcb = _tcb_ctor(thread, 0 /* not initial tls */);
163 		THR_LOCK_RELEASE(curthread, &tcb_lock);
164 	} else {
165 		tcb = _tcb_ctor(thread, 1 /* initial tls */);
166 	}
167 	if (tcb != NULL) {
168 		memset(thread, 0, sizeof(*thread));
169 		thread->tcb = tcb;
170 	} else {
171 		thr_destroy(curthread, thread);
172 		thread = NULL;
173 	}
174 	return (thread);
175 }
176 
177 void
178 _thr_free(struct pthread *curthread, struct pthread *thread)
179 {
180 	DBG_MSG("Freeing thread %p\n", thread);
181 	if (thread->name) {
182 		free(thread->name);
183 		thread->name = NULL;
184 	}
185 	/*
186 	 * Always free tcb, as we only know it is part of RTLD TLS
187 	 * block, but don't know its detail and can not assume how
188 	 * it works, so better to avoid caching it here.
189 	 */
190 	if (curthread != NULL) {
191 		THR_LOCK_ACQUIRE(curthread, &tcb_lock);
192 		_tcb_dtor(thread->tcb);
193 		THR_LOCK_RELEASE(curthread, &tcb_lock);
194 	} else {
195 		_tcb_dtor(thread->tcb);
196 	}
197 	thread->tcb = NULL;
198 	if ((curthread == NULL) || (free_thread_count >= MAX_CACHED_THREADS)) {
199 		thr_destroy(curthread, thread);
200 	} else {
201 		/*
202 		 * Add the thread to the free thread list, this also avoids
203 		 * pthread id is reused too quickly, may help some buggy apps.
204 		 */
205 		THR_LOCK_ACQUIRE(curthread, &free_thread_lock);
206 		TAILQ_INSERT_TAIL(&free_threadq, thread, tle);
207 		free_thread_count++;
208 		THR_LOCK_RELEASE(curthread, &free_thread_lock);
209 	}
210 }
211 
212 static void
213 thr_destroy(struct pthread *curthread __unused, struct pthread *thread)
214 {
215 	free(thread);
216 }
217 
218 /*
219  * Add the thread to the list of all threads and increment
220  * number of active threads.
221  */
222 void
223 _thr_link(struct pthread *curthread, struct pthread *thread)
224 {
225 	THREAD_LIST_LOCK(curthread);
226 	THR_LIST_ADD(thread);
227 	if (thread->attr.flags & PTHREAD_DETACHED)
228 		thread->tlflags |= TLFLAGS_DETACHED;
229 	_thread_active_threads++;
230 	THREAD_LIST_UNLOCK(curthread);
231 }
232 
233 /*
234  * Remove an active thread.
235  */
236 void
237 _thr_unlink(struct pthread *curthread, struct pthread *thread)
238 {
239 	THREAD_LIST_LOCK(curthread);
240 	THR_LIST_REMOVE(thread);
241 	_thread_active_threads--;
242 	THREAD_LIST_UNLOCK(curthread);
243 }
244 
245 void
246 _thr_hash_add(struct pthread *thread)
247 {
248 	struct thread_hash_head *head;
249 
250 	head = &thr_hashtable[THREAD_HASH(thread)];
251 	LIST_INSERT_HEAD(head, thread, hle);
252 }
253 
254 void
255 _thr_hash_remove(struct pthread *thread)
256 {
257 	LIST_REMOVE(thread, hle);
258 }
259 
260 struct pthread *
261 _thr_hash_find(struct pthread *thread)
262 {
263 	struct pthread *td;
264 	struct thread_hash_head *head;
265 
266 	head = &thr_hashtable[THREAD_HASH(thread)];
267 	LIST_FOREACH(td, head, hle) {
268 		if (td == thread)
269 			return (thread);
270 	}
271 	return (NULL);
272 }
273 
274 /*
275  * Find a thread in the linked list of active threads and add a reference
276  * to it.  Threads with positive reference counts will not be deallocated
277  * until all references are released.
278  */
279 int
280 _thr_ref_add(struct pthread *curthread, struct pthread *thread,
281     int include_dead)
282 {
283 	int ret;
284 
285 	if (thread == NULL)
286 		/* Invalid thread: */
287 		return (EINVAL);
288 
289 	THREAD_LIST_LOCK(curthread);
290 	if ((ret = _thr_find_thread(curthread, thread, include_dead)) == 0) {
291 		thread->refcount++;
292 	}
293 	THREAD_LIST_UNLOCK(curthread);
294 
295 	/* Return zero if the thread exists: */
296 	return (ret);
297 }
298 
299 void
300 _thr_ref_delete(struct pthread *curthread, struct pthread *thread)
301 {
302 	if (thread != NULL) {
303 		THREAD_LIST_LOCK(curthread);
304 		thread->refcount--;
305 		if ((thread->refcount == 0) &&
306 		    (thread->tlflags & TLFLAGS_GC_SAFE) != 0)
307 			THR_GCLIST_ADD(thread);
308 		THREAD_LIST_UNLOCK(curthread);
309 	}
310 }
311 
312 int
313 _thr_find_thread(struct pthread *curthread, struct pthread *thread,
314     int include_dead)
315 {
316 	struct pthread *pthread;
317 
318 	if (thread == NULL)
319 		/* Invalid thread: */
320 		return (EINVAL);
321 
322 	pthread = _thr_hash_find(thread);
323 	if (pthread) {
324 		if (include_dead == 0 && pthread->state == PS_DEAD) {
325 			pthread = NULL;
326 		}
327 	}
328 
329 	/* Return zero if the thread exists: */
330 	return ((pthread != NULL) ? 0 : ESRCH);
331 }
332