xref: /freebsd/lib/libthr/thread/thr_list.c (revision 1164383c76c6e7e6d701434bbb21764c7ae90a03)
1 /*
2  * Copyright (c) 2005 David Xu <davidxu@freebsd.org>
3  * Copyright (C) 2003 Daniel M. Eischen <deischen@freebsd.org>
4  * All rights reserved.
5  *
6  * Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
7  * modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions
8  * are met:
9  * 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
10  *    notice unmodified, this list of conditions, and the following
11  *    disclaimer.
12  * 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright
13  *    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the
14  *    documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
15  *
16  * THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE AUTHOR ``AS IS'' AND ANY EXPRESS OR
17  * IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE IMPLIED WARRANTIES
18  * OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE ARE DISCLAIMED.
19  * IN NO EVENT SHALL THE AUTHOR BE LIABLE FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT,
20  * INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT
21  * NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE,
22  * DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION) HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY
23  * THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT LIABILITY, OR TORT
24  * (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE OF
25  * THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE.
26  *
27  * $FreeBSD$
28  */
29 
30 #include <sys/types.h>
31 #include <sys/queue.h>
32 
33 #include <stdlib.h>
34 #include <string.h>
35 #include <pthread.h>
36 
37 #include "thr_private.h"
38 #include "libc_private.h"
39 
40 /*#define DEBUG_THREAD_LIST */
41 #ifdef DEBUG_THREAD_LIST
42 #define DBG_MSG		stdout_debug
43 #else
44 #define DBG_MSG(x...)
45 #endif
46 
47 #define MAX_THREADS		100000
48 
49 /*
50  * Define a high water mark for the maximum number of threads that
51  * will be cached.  Once this level is reached, any extra threads
52  * will be free()'d.
53  */
54 #define	MAX_CACHED_THREADS	100
55 
56 /*
57  * We've got to keep track of everything that is allocated, not only
58  * to have a speedy free list, but also so they can be deallocated
59  * after a fork().
60  */
61 static TAILQ_HEAD(, pthread)	free_threadq;
62 static umtx_t			free_thread_lock;
63 static umtx_t			tcb_lock;
64 static int			free_thread_count = 0;
65 static int			inited = 0;
66 static int			total_threads;
67 
68 LIST_HEAD(thread_hash_head, pthread);
69 #define HASH_QUEUES	128
70 static struct thread_hash_head	thr_hashtable[HASH_QUEUES];
71 #define	THREAD_HASH(thrd)	(((unsigned long)thrd >> 8) % HASH_QUEUES)
72 
73 static void thr_destroy(struct pthread *curthread, struct pthread *thread);
74 
75 void
76 _thr_list_init(void)
77 {
78 	int i;
79 
80 	_gc_count = 0;
81 	total_threads = 1;
82 	_thr_umtx_init(&_thr_list_lock);
83 	TAILQ_INIT(&_thread_list);
84 	TAILQ_INIT(&free_threadq);
85 	_thr_umtx_init(&free_thread_lock);
86 	_thr_umtx_init(&tcb_lock);
87 	if (inited) {
88 		for (i = 0; i < HASH_QUEUES; ++i)
89 			LIST_INIT(&thr_hashtable[i]);
90 	}
91 	inited = 1;
92 }
93 
94 void
95 _thr_gc(struct pthread *curthread)
96 {
97 	struct pthread *td, *td_next;
98 	TAILQ_HEAD(, pthread) worklist;
99 
100 	TAILQ_INIT(&worklist);
101 	THREAD_LIST_LOCK(curthread);
102 
103 	/* Check the threads waiting for GC. */
104 	for (td = TAILQ_FIRST(&_thread_gc_list); td != NULL; td = td_next) {
105 		td_next = TAILQ_NEXT(td, gcle);
106 		if (td->tid != TID_TERMINATED) {
107 			/* make sure we are not still in userland */
108 			continue;
109 		}
110 		_thr_stack_free(&td->attr);
111 		if (((td->tlflags & TLFLAGS_DETACHED) != 0) &&
112 		    (td->refcount == 0)) {
113 			THR_GCLIST_REMOVE(td);
114 			/*
115 			 * The thread has detached and is no longer
116 			 * referenced.  It is safe to remove all
117 			 * remnants of the thread.
118 			 */
119 			THR_LIST_REMOVE(td);
120 			TAILQ_INSERT_HEAD(&worklist, td, gcle);
121 		}
122 	}
123 	THREAD_LIST_UNLOCK(curthread);
124 
125 	while ((td = TAILQ_FIRST(&worklist)) != NULL) {
126 		TAILQ_REMOVE(&worklist, td, gcle);
127 		/*
128 		 * XXX we don't free initial thread, because there might
129 		 * have some code referencing initial thread.
130 		 */
131 		if (td == _thr_initial) {
132 			DBG_MSG("Initial thread won't be freed\n");
133 			continue;
134 		}
135 
136 		_thr_free(curthread, td);
137 	}
138 }
139 
140 struct pthread *
141 _thr_alloc(struct pthread *curthread)
142 {
143 	struct pthread	*thread = NULL;
144 	struct tcb	*tcb;
145 
146 	if (curthread != NULL) {
147 		if (GC_NEEDED())
148 			_thr_gc(curthread);
149 		if (free_thread_count > 0) {
150 			THR_LOCK_ACQUIRE(curthread, &free_thread_lock);
151 			if ((thread = TAILQ_FIRST(&free_threadq)) != NULL) {
152 				TAILQ_REMOVE(&free_threadq, thread, tle);
153 				free_thread_count--;
154 			}
155 			THR_LOCK_RELEASE(curthread, &free_thread_lock);
156 		}
157 	}
158 	if (thread == NULL) {
159 		if (total_threads > MAX_THREADS)
160 			return (NULL);
161 		atomic_fetchadd_int(&total_threads, 1);
162 		thread = malloc(sizeof(struct pthread));
163 		if (thread == NULL) {
164 			atomic_fetchadd_int(&total_threads, -1);
165 			return (NULL);
166 		}
167 	}
168 	if (curthread != NULL) {
169 		THR_LOCK_ACQUIRE(curthread, &tcb_lock);
170 		tcb = _tcb_ctor(thread, 0 /* not initial tls */);
171 		THR_LOCK_RELEASE(curthread, &tcb_lock);
172 	} else {
173 		tcb = _tcb_ctor(thread, 1 /* initial tls */);
174 	}
175 	if (tcb != NULL) {
176 		memset(thread, 0, sizeof(*thread));
177 		thread->tcb = tcb;
178 	} else {
179 		thr_destroy(curthread, thread);
180 		atomic_fetchadd_int(&total_threads, -1);
181 		thread = NULL;
182 	}
183 	return (thread);
184 }
185 
186 void
187 _thr_free(struct pthread *curthread, struct pthread *thread)
188 {
189 	DBG_MSG("Freeing thread %p\n", thread);
190 
191 	/*
192 	 * Always free tcb, as we only know it is part of RTLD TLS
193 	 * block, but don't know its detail and can not assume how
194 	 * it works, so better to avoid caching it here.
195 	 */
196 	if (curthread != NULL) {
197 		THR_LOCK_ACQUIRE(curthread, &tcb_lock);
198 		_tcb_dtor(thread->tcb);
199 		THR_LOCK_RELEASE(curthread, &tcb_lock);
200 	} else {
201 		_tcb_dtor(thread->tcb);
202 	}
203 	thread->tcb = NULL;
204 	if ((curthread == NULL) || (free_thread_count >= MAX_CACHED_THREADS)) {
205 		thr_destroy(curthread, thread);
206 		atomic_fetchadd_int(&total_threads, -1);
207 	} else {
208 		/*
209 		 * Add the thread to the free thread list, this also avoids
210 		 * pthread id is reused too quickly, may help some buggy apps.
211 		 */
212 		THR_LOCK_ACQUIRE(curthread, &free_thread_lock);
213 		TAILQ_INSERT_TAIL(&free_threadq, thread, tle);
214 		free_thread_count++;
215 		THR_LOCK_RELEASE(curthread, &free_thread_lock);
216 	}
217 }
218 
219 static void
220 thr_destroy(struct pthread *curthread __unused, struct pthread *thread)
221 {
222 	free(thread);
223 }
224 
225 /*
226  * Add the thread to the list of all threads and increment
227  * number of active threads.
228  */
229 void
230 _thr_link(struct pthread *curthread, struct pthread *thread)
231 {
232 	THREAD_LIST_LOCK(curthread);
233 	THR_LIST_ADD(thread);
234 	_thread_active_threads++;
235 	THREAD_LIST_UNLOCK(curthread);
236 }
237 
238 /*
239  * Remove an active thread.
240  */
241 void
242 _thr_unlink(struct pthread *curthread, struct pthread *thread)
243 {
244 	THREAD_LIST_LOCK(curthread);
245 	THR_LIST_REMOVE(thread);
246 	_thread_active_threads--;
247 	THREAD_LIST_UNLOCK(curthread);
248 }
249 
250 void
251 _thr_hash_add(struct pthread *thread)
252 {
253 	struct thread_hash_head *head;
254 
255 	head = &thr_hashtable[THREAD_HASH(thread)];
256 	LIST_INSERT_HEAD(head, thread, hle);
257 }
258 
259 void
260 _thr_hash_remove(struct pthread *thread)
261 {
262 	LIST_REMOVE(thread, hle);
263 }
264 
265 struct pthread *
266 _thr_hash_find(struct pthread *thread)
267 {
268 	struct pthread *td;
269 	struct thread_hash_head *head;
270 
271 	head = &thr_hashtable[THREAD_HASH(thread)];
272 	LIST_FOREACH(td, head, hle) {
273 		if (td == thread)
274 			return (thread);
275 	}
276 	return (NULL);
277 }
278 
279 /*
280  * Find a thread in the linked list of active threads and add a reference
281  * to it.  Threads with positive reference counts will not be deallocated
282  * until all references are released.
283  */
284 int
285 _thr_ref_add(struct pthread *curthread, struct pthread *thread,
286     int include_dead)
287 {
288 	int ret;
289 
290 	if (thread == NULL)
291 		/* Invalid thread: */
292 		return (EINVAL);
293 
294 	THREAD_LIST_LOCK(curthread);
295 	if ((ret = _thr_find_thread(curthread, thread, include_dead)) == 0) {
296 		thread->refcount++;
297 	}
298 	THREAD_LIST_UNLOCK(curthread);
299 
300 	/* Return zero if the thread exists: */
301 	return (ret);
302 }
303 
304 void
305 _thr_ref_delete(struct pthread *curthread, struct pthread *thread)
306 {
307 	THREAD_LIST_LOCK(curthread);
308 	_thr_ref_delete_unlocked(curthread, thread);
309 	THREAD_LIST_UNLOCK(curthread);
310 }
311 
312 void
313 _thr_ref_delete_unlocked(struct pthread *curthread __unused,
314 	struct pthread *thread)
315 {
316 	if (thread != NULL) {
317 		thread->refcount--;
318 		if ((thread->refcount == 0) && thread->state == PS_DEAD &&
319 		    (thread->tlflags & TLFLAGS_DETACHED) != 0)
320 			THR_GCLIST_ADD(thread);
321 	}
322 }
323 
324 int
325 _thr_find_thread(struct pthread *curthread __unused, struct pthread *thread,
326     int include_dead)
327 {
328 	struct pthread *pthread;
329 
330 	if (thread == NULL)
331 		/* Invalid thread: */
332 		return (EINVAL);
333 
334 	pthread = _thr_hash_find(thread);
335 	if (pthread) {
336 		if (include_dead == 0 && pthread->state == PS_DEAD) {
337 			pthread = NULL;
338 		}
339 	}
340 
341 	/* Return zero if the thread exists: */
342 	return ((pthread != NULL) ? 0 : ESRCH);
343 }
344