xref: /freebsd/lib/libthr/thread/thr_cond.c (revision 0957b409a90fd597c1e9124cbaf3edd2b488f4ac)
1 /*-
2  * SPDX-License-Identifier: BSD-2-Clause-FreeBSD
3  *
4  * Copyright (c) 2005 David Xu <davidxu@freebsd.org>
5  * Copyright (c) 2015 The FreeBSD Foundation
6  * All rights reserved.
7  *
8  * Portions of this software were developed by Konstantin Belousov
9  * under sponsorship from the FreeBSD Foundation.
10  *
11  * Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
12  * modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions
13  * are met:
14  * 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
15  *    notice unmodified, this list of conditions, and the following
16  *    disclaimer.
17  * 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright
18  *    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the
19  *    documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
20  *
21  * THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE AUTHOR ``AS IS'' AND ANY EXPRESS OR
22  * IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE IMPLIED WARRANTIES
23  * OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE ARE DISCLAIMED.
24  * IN NO EVENT SHALL THE AUTHOR BE LIABLE FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT,
25  * INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT
26  * NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE,
27  * DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION) HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY
28  * THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT LIABILITY, OR TORT
29  * (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE OF
30  * THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE.
31  */
32 
33 #include <sys/cdefs.h>
34 __FBSDID("$FreeBSD$");
35 
36 #include "namespace.h"
37 #include <stdlib.h>
38 #include <errno.h>
39 #include <string.h>
40 #include <pthread.h>
41 #include <limits.h>
42 #include "un-namespace.h"
43 
44 #include "thr_private.h"
45 
46 _Static_assert(sizeof(struct pthread_cond) <= PAGE_SIZE,
47     "pthread_cond too large");
48 
49 /*
50  * Prototypes
51  */
52 int	__pthread_cond_wait(pthread_cond_t *cond, pthread_mutex_t *mutex);
53 int	__pthread_cond_timedwait(pthread_cond_t *cond, pthread_mutex_t *mutex,
54 		       const struct timespec * abstime);
55 static int cond_init(pthread_cond_t *cond, const pthread_condattr_t *attr);
56 static int cond_wait_common(pthread_cond_t *cond, pthread_mutex_t *mutex,
57 		    const struct timespec *abstime, int cancel);
58 static int cond_signal_common(pthread_cond_t *cond);
59 static int cond_broadcast_common(pthread_cond_t *cond);
60 
61 /*
62  * Double underscore versions are cancellation points.  Single underscore
63  * versions are not and are provided for libc internal usage (which
64  * shouldn't introduce cancellation points).
65  */
66 __weak_reference(__pthread_cond_wait, pthread_cond_wait);
67 __weak_reference(__pthread_cond_timedwait, pthread_cond_timedwait);
68 
69 __weak_reference(_pthread_cond_init, pthread_cond_init);
70 __weak_reference(_pthread_cond_destroy, pthread_cond_destroy);
71 __weak_reference(_pthread_cond_signal, pthread_cond_signal);
72 __weak_reference(_pthread_cond_broadcast, pthread_cond_broadcast);
73 
74 #define CV_PSHARED(cvp)	(((cvp)->kcond.c_flags & USYNC_PROCESS_SHARED) != 0)
75 
76 static void
77 cond_init_body(struct pthread_cond *cvp, const struct pthread_cond_attr *cattr)
78 {
79 
80 	if (cattr == NULL) {
81 		cvp->kcond.c_clockid = CLOCK_REALTIME;
82 	} else {
83 		if (cattr->c_pshared)
84 			cvp->kcond.c_flags |= USYNC_PROCESS_SHARED;
85 		cvp->kcond.c_clockid = cattr->c_clockid;
86 	}
87 }
88 
89 static int
90 cond_init(pthread_cond_t *cond, const pthread_condattr_t *cond_attr)
91 {
92 	struct pthread_cond *cvp;
93 	const struct pthread_cond_attr *cattr;
94 	int pshared;
95 
96 	cattr = cond_attr != NULL ? *cond_attr : NULL;
97 	if (cattr == NULL || cattr->c_pshared == PTHREAD_PROCESS_PRIVATE) {
98 		pshared = 0;
99 		cvp = calloc(1, sizeof(struct pthread_cond));
100 		if (cvp == NULL)
101 			return (ENOMEM);
102 	} else {
103 		pshared = 1;
104 		cvp = __thr_pshared_offpage(cond, 1);
105 		if (cvp == NULL)
106 			return (EFAULT);
107 	}
108 
109 	/*
110 	 * Initialise the condition variable structure:
111 	 */
112 	cond_init_body(cvp, cattr);
113 	*cond = pshared ? THR_PSHARED_PTR : cvp;
114 	return (0);
115 }
116 
117 static int
118 init_static(struct pthread *thread, pthread_cond_t *cond)
119 {
120 	int ret;
121 
122 	THR_LOCK_ACQUIRE(thread, &_cond_static_lock);
123 
124 	if (*cond == NULL)
125 		ret = cond_init(cond, NULL);
126 	else
127 		ret = 0;
128 
129 	THR_LOCK_RELEASE(thread, &_cond_static_lock);
130 
131 	return (ret);
132 }
133 
134 #define CHECK_AND_INIT_COND							\
135 	if (*cond == THR_PSHARED_PTR) {						\
136 		cvp = __thr_pshared_offpage(cond, 0);				\
137 		if (cvp == NULL)						\
138 			return (EINVAL);					\
139 	} else if (__predict_false((cvp = (*cond)) <= THR_COND_DESTROYED)) {	\
140 		if (cvp == THR_COND_INITIALIZER) {				\
141 			int ret;						\
142 			ret = init_static(_get_curthread(), cond);		\
143 			if (ret)						\
144 				return (ret);					\
145 		} else if (cvp == THR_COND_DESTROYED) {				\
146 			return (EINVAL);					\
147 		}								\
148 		cvp = *cond;							\
149 	}
150 
151 int
152 _pthread_cond_init(pthread_cond_t * __restrict cond,
153     const pthread_condattr_t * __restrict cond_attr)
154 {
155 
156 	*cond = NULL;
157 	return (cond_init(cond, cond_attr));
158 }
159 
160 int
161 _pthread_cond_destroy(pthread_cond_t *cond)
162 {
163 	struct pthread_cond *cvp;
164 	int error;
165 
166 	error = 0;
167 	if (*cond == THR_PSHARED_PTR) {
168 		cvp = __thr_pshared_offpage(cond, 0);
169 		if (cvp != NULL)
170 			__thr_pshared_destroy(cond);
171 		*cond = THR_COND_DESTROYED;
172 	} else if ((cvp = *cond) == THR_COND_INITIALIZER) {
173 		/* nothing */
174 	} else if (cvp == THR_COND_DESTROYED) {
175 		error = EINVAL;
176 	} else {
177 		cvp = *cond;
178 		*cond = THR_COND_DESTROYED;
179 		free(cvp);
180 	}
181 	return (error);
182 }
183 
184 /*
185  * Cancellation behavior:
186  *   Thread may be canceled at start, if thread is canceled, it means it
187  *   did not get a wakeup from pthread_cond_signal(), otherwise, it is
188  *   not canceled.
189  *   Thread cancellation never cause wakeup from pthread_cond_signal()
190  *   to be lost.
191  */
192 static int
193 cond_wait_kernel(struct pthread_cond *cvp, struct pthread_mutex *mp,
194     const struct timespec *abstime, int cancel)
195 {
196 	struct pthread *curthread;
197 	int error, error2, recurse, robust;
198 
199 	curthread = _get_curthread();
200 	robust = _mutex_enter_robust(curthread, mp);
201 
202 	error = _mutex_cv_detach(mp, &recurse);
203 	if (error != 0) {
204 		if (robust)
205 			_mutex_leave_robust(curthread, mp);
206 		return (error);
207 	}
208 
209 	if (cancel)
210 		_thr_cancel_enter2(curthread, 0);
211 	error = _thr_ucond_wait(&cvp->kcond, &mp->m_lock, abstime,
212 	    CVWAIT_ABSTIME | CVWAIT_CLOCKID);
213 	if (cancel)
214 		_thr_cancel_leave(curthread, 0);
215 
216 	/*
217 	 * Note that PP mutex and ROBUST mutex may return
218 	 * interesting error codes.
219 	 */
220 	if (error == 0) {
221 		error2 = _mutex_cv_lock(mp, recurse, true);
222 	} else if (error == EINTR || error == ETIMEDOUT) {
223 		error2 = _mutex_cv_lock(mp, recurse, true);
224 		/*
225 		 * Do not do cancellation on EOWNERDEAD there.  The
226 		 * cancellation cleanup handler will use the protected
227 		 * state and unlock the mutex without making the state
228 		 * consistent and the state will be unrecoverable.
229 		 */
230 		if (error2 == 0 && cancel) {
231 			if (robust) {
232 				_mutex_leave_robust(curthread, mp);
233 				robust = false;
234 			}
235 			_thr_testcancel(curthread);
236 		}
237 
238 		if (error == EINTR)
239 			error = 0;
240 	} else {
241 		/* We know that it didn't unlock the mutex. */
242 		_mutex_cv_attach(mp, recurse);
243 		if (cancel) {
244 			if (robust) {
245 				_mutex_leave_robust(curthread, mp);
246 				robust = false;
247 			}
248 			_thr_testcancel(curthread);
249 		}
250 		error2 = 0;
251 	}
252 	if (robust)
253 		_mutex_leave_robust(curthread, mp);
254 	return (error2 != 0 ? error2 : error);
255 }
256 
257 /*
258  * Thread waits in userland queue whenever possible, when thread
259  * is signaled or broadcasted, it is removed from the queue, and
260  * is saved in curthread's defer_waiters[] buffer, but won't be
261  * woken up until mutex is unlocked.
262  */
263 
264 static int
265 cond_wait_user(struct pthread_cond *cvp, struct pthread_mutex *mp,
266     const struct timespec *abstime, int cancel)
267 {
268 	struct pthread *curthread;
269 	struct sleepqueue *sq;
270 	int deferred, error, error2, recurse;
271 
272 	curthread = _get_curthread();
273 	if (curthread->wchan != NULL)
274 		PANIC("thread %p was already on queue.", curthread);
275 
276 	if (cancel)
277 		_thr_testcancel(curthread);
278 
279 	_sleepq_lock(cvp);
280 	/*
281 	 * set __has_user_waiters before unlocking mutex, this allows
282 	 * us to check it without locking in pthread_cond_signal().
283 	 */
284 	cvp->__has_user_waiters = 1;
285 	deferred = 0;
286 	(void)_mutex_cv_unlock(mp, &recurse, &deferred);
287 	curthread->mutex_obj = mp;
288 	_sleepq_add(cvp, curthread);
289 	for(;;) {
290 		_thr_clear_wake(curthread);
291 		_sleepq_unlock(cvp);
292 		if (deferred) {
293 			deferred = 0;
294 			if ((mp->m_lock.m_owner & UMUTEX_CONTESTED) == 0)
295 				(void)_umtx_op_err(&mp->m_lock,
296 				    UMTX_OP_MUTEX_WAKE2, mp->m_lock.m_flags,
297 				    0, 0);
298 		}
299 		if (curthread->nwaiter_defer > 0) {
300 			_thr_wake_all(curthread->defer_waiters,
301 			    curthread->nwaiter_defer);
302 			curthread->nwaiter_defer = 0;
303 		}
304 
305 		if (cancel)
306 			_thr_cancel_enter2(curthread, 0);
307 		error = _thr_sleep(curthread, cvp->kcond.c_clockid, abstime);
308 		if (cancel)
309 			_thr_cancel_leave(curthread, 0);
310 
311 		_sleepq_lock(cvp);
312 		if (curthread->wchan == NULL) {
313 			error = 0;
314 			break;
315 		} else if (cancel && SHOULD_CANCEL(curthread)) {
316 			sq = _sleepq_lookup(cvp);
317 			cvp->__has_user_waiters = _sleepq_remove(sq, curthread);
318 			_sleepq_unlock(cvp);
319 			curthread->mutex_obj = NULL;
320 			error2 = _mutex_cv_lock(mp, recurse, false);
321 			if (!THR_IN_CRITICAL(curthread))
322 				_pthread_exit(PTHREAD_CANCELED);
323 			else /* this should not happen */
324 				return (error2);
325 		} else if (error == ETIMEDOUT) {
326 			sq = _sleepq_lookup(cvp);
327 			cvp->__has_user_waiters =
328 			    _sleepq_remove(sq, curthread);
329 			break;
330 		}
331 	}
332 	_sleepq_unlock(cvp);
333 	curthread->mutex_obj = NULL;
334 	error2 = _mutex_cv_lock(mp, recurse, false);
335 	if (error == 0)
336 		error = error2;
337 	return (error);
338 }
339 
340 static int
341 cond_wait_common(pthread_cond_t *cond, pthread_mutex_t *mutex,
342 	const struct timespec *abstime, int cancel)
343 {
344 	struct pthread	*curthread = _get_curthread();
345 	struct pthread_cond *cvp;
346 	struct pthread_mutex *mp;
347 	int	error;
348 
349 	CHECK_AND_INIT_COND
350 
351 	if (*mutex == THR_PSHARED_PTR) {
352 		mp = __thr_pshared_offpage(mutex, 0);
353 		if (mp == NULL)
354 			return (EINVAL);
355 	} else {
356 		mp = *mutex;
357 	}
358 
359 	if ((error = _mutex_owned(curthread, mp)) != 0)
360 		return (error);
361 
362 	if (curthread->attr.sched_policy != SCHED_OTHER ||
363 	    (mp->m_lock.m_flags & (UMUTEX_PRIO_PROTECT | UMUTEX_PRIO_INHERIT |
364 	    USYNC_PROCESS_SHARED)) != 0 || CV_PSHARED(cvp))
365 		return (cond_wait_kernel(cvp, mp, abstime, cancel));
366 	else
367 		return (cond_wait_user(cvp, mp, abstime, cancel));
368 }
369 
370 int
371 _pthread_cond_wait(pthread_cond_t *cond, pthread_mutex_t *mutex)
372 {
373 
374 	return (cond_wait_common(cond, mutex, NULL, 0));
375 }
376 
377 int
378 __pthread_cond_wait(pthread_cond_t * __restrict cond,
379     pthread_mutex_t * __restrict mutex)
380 {
381 
382 	return (cond_wait_common(cond, mutex, NULL, 1));
383 }
384 
385 int
386 _pthread_cond_timedwait(pthread_cond_t * __restrict cond,
387     pthread_mutex_t * __restrict mutex,
388     const struct timespec * __restrict abstime)
389 {
390 
391 	if (abstime == NULL || abstime->tv_sec < 0 || abstime->tv_nsec < 0 ||
392 	    abstime->tv_nsec >= 1000000000)
393 		return (EINVAL);
394 
395 	return (cond_wait_common(cond, mutex, abstime, 0));
396 }
397 
398 int
399 __pthread_cond_timedwait(pthread_cond_t *cond, pthread_mutex_t *mutex,
400 		       const struct timespec *abstime)
401 {
402 
403 	if (abstime == NULL || abstime->tv_sec < 0 || abstime->tv_nsec < 0 ||
404 	    abstime->tv_nsec >= 1000000000)
405 		return (EINVAL);
406 
407 	return (cond_wait_common(cond, mutex, abstime, 1));
408 }
409 
410 static int
411 cond_signal_common(pthread_cond_t *cond)
412 {
413 	struct pthread	*curthread = _get_curthread();
414 	struct pthread *td;
415 	struct pthread_cond *cvp;
416 	struct pthread_mutex *mp;
417 	struct sleepqueue *sq;
418 	int	*waddr;
419 	int	pshared;
420 
421 	/*
422 	 * If the condition variable is statically initialized, perform dynamic
423 	 * initialization.
424 	 */
425 	CHECK_AND_INIT_COND
426 
427 	pshared = CV_PSHARED(cvp);
428 
429 	_thr_ucond_signal(&cvp->kcond);
430 
431 	if (pshared || cvp->__has_user_waiters == 0)
432 		return (0);
433 
434 	curthread = _get_curthread();
435 	waddr = NULL;
436 	_sleepq_lock(cvp);
437 	sq = _sleepq_lookup(cvp);
438 	if (sq == NULL) {
439 		_sleepq_unlock(cvp);
440 		return (0);
441 	}
442 
443 	td = _sleepq_first(sq);
444 	mp = td->mutex_obj;
445 	cvp->__has_user_waiters = _sleepq_remove(sq, td);
446 	if (PMUTEX_OWNER_ID(mp) == TID(curthread)) {
447 		if (curthread->nwaiter_defer >= MAX_DEFER_WAITERS) {
448 			_thr_wake_all(curthread->defer_waiters,
449 			    curthread->nwaiter_defer);
450 			curthread->nwaiter_defer = 0;
451 		}
452 		curthread->defer_waiters[curthread->nwaiter_defer++] =
453 		    &td->wake_addr->value;
454 		mp->m_flags |= PMUTEX_FLAG_DEFERRED;
455 	} else {
456 		waddr = &td->wake_addr->value;
457 	}
458 	_sleepq_unlock(cvp);
459 	if (waddr != NULL)
460 		_thr_set_wake(waddr);
461 	return (0);
462 }
463 
464 struct broadcast_arg {
465 	struct pthread *curthread;
466 	unsigned int *waddrs[MAX_DEFER_WAITERS];
467 	int count;
468 };
469 
470 static void
471 drop_cb(struct pthread *td, void *arg)
472 {
473 	struct broadcast_arg *ba = arg;
474 	struct pthread_mutex *mp;
475 	struct pthread *curthread = ba->curthread;
476 
477 	mp = td->mutex_obj;
478 	if (PMUTEX_OWNER_ID(mp) == TID(curthread)) {
479 		if (curthread->nwaiter_defer >= MAX_DEFER_WAITERS) {
480 			_thr_wake_all(curthread->defer_waiters,
481 			    curthread->nwaiter_defer);
482 			curthread->nwaiter_defer = 0;
483 		}
484 		curthread->defer_waiters[curthread->nwaiter_defer++] =
485 		    &td->wake_addr->value;
486 		mp->m_flags |= PMUTEX_FLAG_DEFERRED;
487 	} else {
488 		if (ba->count >= MAX_DEFER_WAITERS) {
489 			_thr_wake_all(ba->waddrs, ba->count);
490 			ba->count = 0;
491 		}
492 		ba->waddrs[ba->count++] = &td->wake_addr->value;
493 	}
494 }
495 
496 static int
497 cond_broadcast_common(pthread_cond_t *cond)
498 {
499 	int    pshared;
500 	struct pthread_cond *cvp;
501 	struct sleepqueue *sq;
502 	struct broadcast_arg ba;
503 
504 	/*
505 	 * If the condition variable is statically initialized, perform dynamic
506 	 * initialization.
507 	 */
508 	CHECK_AND_INIT_COND
509 
510 	pshared = CV_PSHARED(cvp);
511 
512 	_thr_ucond_broadcast(&cvp->kcond);
513 
514 	if (pshared || cvp->__has_user_waiters == 0)
515 		return (0);
516 
517 	ba.curthread = _get_curthread();
518 	ba.count = 0;
519 
520 	_sleepq_lock(cvp);
521 	sq = _sleepq_lookup(cvp);
522 	if (sq == NULL) {
523 		_sleepq_unlock(cvp);
524 		return (0);
525 	}
526 	_sleepq_drop(sq, drop_cb, &ba);
527 	cvp->__has_user_waiters = 0;
528 	_sleepq_unlock(cvp);
529 	if (ba.count > 0)
530 		_thr_wake_all(ba.waddrs, ba.count);
531 	return (0);
532 }
533 
534 int
535 _pthread_cond_signal(pthread_cond_t * cond)
536 {
537 
538 	return (cond_signal_common(cond));
539 }
540 
541 int
542 _pthread_cond_broadcast(pthread_cond_t * cond)
543 {
544 
545 	return (cond_broadcast_common(cond));
546 }
547