xref: /freebsd/lib/libthr/thread/thr_cond.c (revision 8f86c108219779337905c871312d85aab9322ff3)

/*-
 * SPDX-License-Identifier: BSD-2-Clause
 *
 * Copyright (c) 2005 David Xu <davidxu@freebsd.org>
 * Copyright (c) 2015 The FreeBSD Foundation
 * All rights reserved.
 *
 * Portions of this software were developed by Konstantin Belousov
 * under sponsorship from the FreeBSD Foundation.
 *
 * Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
 * modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions
 * are met:
 * 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
 *    notice unmodified, this list of conditions, and the following
 *    disclaimer.
 * 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright
 *    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the
 *    documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
 *
 * THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE AUTHOR ``AS IS'' AND ANY EXPRESS OR
 * IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE IMPLIED WARRANTIES
 * OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE ARE DISCLAIMED.
 * IN NO EVENT SHALL THE AUTHOR BE LIABLE FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT,
 * INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT
 * NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE,
 * DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION) HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY
 * THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT LIABILITY, OR TORT
 * (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE OF
 * THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE.
 */

#include "namespace.h"
#include <stdlib.h>
#include <errno.h>
#include <string.h>
#include <pthread.h>
#include <limits.h>
#include "un-namespace.h"

#include "thr_private.h"

_Static_assert(sizeof(struct pthread_cond) <= THR_PAGE_SIZE_MIN,
    "pthread_cond too large");

/*
 * Prototypes
 */
int	__pthread_cond_timedwait(pthread_cond_t *cond, pthread_mutex_t *mutex,
		       const struct timespec * abstime);
static int cond_init(pthread_cond_t *cond, const pthread_condattr_t *attr);
static int cond_wait_common(pthread_cond_t *cond, pthread_mutex_t *mutex,
		    const struct timespec *abstime, int cancel);
static int cond_signal_common(pthread_cond_t *cond);
static int cond_broadcast_common(pthread_cond_t *cond);

/*
 * Double underscore versions are cancellation points.  Single underscore
 * versions are not and are provided for libc internal usage (which
 * shouldn't introduce cancellation points).
 */
__weak_reference(__thr_cond_wait, pthread_cond_wait);
__weak_reference(__thr_cond_wait, __pthread_cond_wait);
__weak_reference(_thr_cond_wait, _pthread_cond_wait);
__weak_reference(__pthread_cond_timedwait, pthread_cond_timedwait);
__weak_reference(_thr_cond_timedwait, _pthread_cond_timedwait);
__weak_reference(_thr_cond_init, pthread_cond_init);
__weak_reference(_thr_cond_init, _pthread_cond_init);
__weak_reference(_thr_cond_destroy, pthread_cond_destroy);
__weak_reference(_thr_cond_destroy, _pthread_cond_destroy);
__weak_reference(_thr_cond_signal, pthread_cond_signal);
__weak_reference(_thr_cond_signal, _pthread_cond_signal);
__weak_reference(_thr_cond_broadcast, pthread_cond_broadcast);
__weak_reference(_thr_cond_broadcast, _pthread_cond_broadcast);

#define CV_PSHARED(cvp)	(((cvp)->kcond.c_flags & USYNC_PROCESS_SHARED) != 0)

static void
cond_init_body(struct pthread_cond *cvp, const struct pthread_cond_attr *cattr)
{

	if (cattr == NULL) {
		cvp->kcond.c_clockid = CLOCK_REALTIME;
	} else {
		if (cattr->c_pshared)
			cvp->kcond.c_flags |= USYNC_PROCESS_SHARED;
		cvp->kcond.c_clockid = cattr->c_clockid;
	}
}

static int
cond_init(pthread_cond_t *cond, const pthread_condattr_t *cond_attr)
{
	struct pthread_cond *cvp;
	const struct pthread_cond_attr *cattr;
	int pshared;

	cattr = cond_attr != NULL ? *cond_attr : NULL;
	if (cattr == NULL || cattr->c_pshared == PTHREAD_PROCESS_PRIVATE) {
		pshared = 0;
		cvp = calloc(1, sizeof(struct pthread_cond));
		if (cvp == NULL)
			return (ENOMEM);
	} else {
		pshared = 1;
		cvp = __thr_pshared_offpage(cond, 1);
		if (cvp == NULL)
			return (EFAULT);
	}

	/*
	 * Initialise the condition variable structure:
	 */
	cond_init_body(cvp, cattr);
	*cond = pshared ? THR_PSHARED_PTR : cvp;
	return (0);
}

static int
init_static(struct pthread *thread, pthread_cond_t *cond)
{
	int ret;

	THR_LOCK_ACQUIRE(thread, &_cond_static_lock);

	if (*cond == NULL)
		ret = cond_init(cond, NULL);
	else
		ret = 0;

	THR_LOCK_RELEASE(thread, &_cond_static_lock);

	return (ret);
}

#define CHECK_AND_INIT_COND							\
	if (*cond == THR_PSHARED_PTR) {						\
		cvp = __thr_pshared_offpage(cond, 0);				\
		if (cvp == NULL)						\
			return (EINVAL);					\
	} else if (__predict_false((cvp = (*cond)) <= THR_COND_DESTROYED)) {	\
		if (cvp == THR_COND_INITIALIZER) {				\
			int ret;						\
			ret = init_static(_get_curthread(), cond);		\
			if (ret)						\
				return (ret);					\
		} else if (cvp == THR_COND_DESTROYED) {				\
			return (EINVAL);					\
		}								\
		cvp = *cond;							\
	}

int
_thr_cond_init(pthread_cond_t * __restrict cond,
    const pthread_condattr_t * __restrict cond_attr)
{

	*cond = NULL;
	return (cond_init(cond, cond_attr));
}

int
_thr_cond_destroy(pthread_cond_t *cond)
{
	struct pthread_cond *cvp;
	int error;

	error = 0;
	if (*cond == THR_PSHARED_PTR) {
		cvp = __thr_pshared_offpage(cond, 0);
		if (cvp != NULL) {
			if (cvp->kcond.c_has_waiters)
				error = EBUSY;
			else
				__thr_pshared_destroy(cond);
		}
		if (error == 0)
			*cond = THR_COND_DESTROYED;
	} else if ((cvp = *cond) == THR_COND_INITIALIZER) {
		/* nothing */
	} else if (cvp == THR_COND_DESTROYED) {
		error = EINVAL;
	} else {
		cvp = *cond;
		if (cvp->__has_user_waiters || cvp->kcond.c_has_waiters)
			error = EBUSY;
		else {
			*cond = THR_COND_DESTROYED;
			free(cvp);
		}
	}
	return (error);
}

/*
 * Cancellation behavior:
 *   Thread may be canceled at start, if thread is canceled, it means it
 *   did not get a wakeup from pthread_cond_signal(), otherwise, it is
 *   not canceled.
 *   Thread cancellation never cause wakeup from pthread_cond_signal()
 *   to be lost.
 */
static int
cond_wait_kernel(struct pthread_cond *cvp, struct pthread_mutex *mp,
    const struct timespec *abstime, int cancel)
{
	struct pthread *curthread;
	int error, error2, recurse, robust;

	curthread = _get_curthread();
	robust = _mutex_enter_robust(curthread, mp);

	error = _mutex_cv_detach(mp, &recurse);
	if (error != 0) {
		if (robust)
			_mutex_leave_robust(curthread, mp);
		return (error);
	}

	if (cancel)
		_thr_cancel_enter2(curthread, 0);
	error = _thr_ucond_wait(&cvp->kcond, &mp->m_lock, abstime,
	    CVWAIT_ABSTIME | CVWAIT_CLOCKID);
	if (cancel)
		_thr_cancel_leave(curthread, 0);

	/*
	 * Note that PP mutex and ROBUST mutex may return
	 * interesting error codes.
	 */
	if (error == 0) {
		error2 = _mutex_cv_lock(mp, recurse, true);
	} else if (error == EINTR || error == ETIMEDOUT) {
		error2 = _mutex_cv_lock(mp, recurse, true);
		/*
		 * Do not do cancellation on EOWNERDEAD there.  The
		 * cancellation cleanup handler will use the protected
		 * state and unlock the mutex without making the state
		 * consistent and the state will be unrecoverable.
		 */
		if (error2 == 0 && cancel) {
			if (robust) {
				_mutex_leave_robust(curthread, mp);
				robust = false;
			}
			_thr_testcancel(curthread);
		}

		if (error == EINTR)
			error = 0;
	} else {
		/* We know that it didn't unlock the mutex. */
		_mutex_cv_attach(mp, recurse);
		if (cancel) {
			if (robust) {
				_mutex_leave_robust(curthread, mp);
				robust = false;
			}
			_thr_testcancel(curthread);
		}
		error2 = 0;
	}
	if (robust)
		_mutex_leave_robust(curthread, mp);
	return (error2 != 0 ? error2 : error);
}

/*
 * Thread waits in userland queue whenever possible, when thread
 * is signaled or broadcasted, it is removed from the queue, and
 * is saved in curthread's defer_waiters[] buffer, but won't be
 * woken up until mutex is unlocked.
 */

static int
cond_wait_user(struct pthread_cond *cvp, struct pthread_mutex *mp,
    const struct timespec *abstime, int cancel)
{
	struct pthread *curthread;
	struct sleepqueue *sq;
	int deferred, error, error2, recurse;

	curthread = _get_curthread();
	if (curthread->wchan != NULL)
		PANIC("thread %p was already on queue.", curthread);

	if (cancel)
		_thr_testcancel(curthread);

	_sleepq_lock(cvp);
	/*
	 * set __has_user_waiters before unlocking mutex, this allows
	 * us to check it without locking in pthread_cond_signal().
	 */
	cvp->__has_user_waiters = 1;
	deferred = 0;
	(void)_mutex_cv_unlock(mp, &recurse, &deferred);
	curthread->mutex_obj = mp;
	_sleepq_add(cvp, curthread);
	for(;;) {
		_thr_clear_wake(curthread);
		_sleepq_unlock(cvp);
		if (deferred) {
			deferred = 0;
			if ((mp->m_lock.m_owner & UMUTEX_CONTESTED) == 0)
				(void)_umtx_op_err(&mp->m_lock,
				    UMTX_OP_MUTEX_WAKE2, mp->m_lock.m_flags,
				    0, 0);
		}
		if (curthread->nwaiter_defer > 0) {
			_thr_wake_all(curthread->defer_waiters,
			    curthread->nwaiter_defer);
			curthread->nwaiter_defer = 0;
		}

		if (cancel)
			_thr_cancel_enter2(curthread, 0);
		error = _thr_sleep(curthread, cvp->kcond.c_clockid, abstime);
		if (cancel)
			_thr_cancel_leave(curthread, 0);

		_sleepq_lock(cvp);
		if (curthread->wchan == NULL) {
			error = 0;
			break;
		} else if (cancel && SHOULD_CANCEL(curthread)) {
			sq = _sleepq_lookup(cvp);
			cvp->__has_user_waiters = _sleepq_remove(sq, curthread);
			_sleepq_unlock(cvp);
			curthread->mutex_obj = NULL;
			error2 = _mutex_cv_lock(mp, recurse, false);
			if (!THR_IN_CRITICAL(curthread))
				_pthread_exit(PTHREAD_CANCELED);
			else /* this should not happen */
				return (error2);
		} else if (error == ETIMEDOUT) {
			sq = _sleepq_lookup(cvp);
			cvp->__has_user_waiters =
			    _sleepq_remove(sq, curthread);
			break;
		}
	}
	_sleepq_unlock(cvp);
	curthread->mutex_obj = NULL;
	error2 = _mutex_cv_lock(mp, recurse, false);
	if (error == 0)
		error = error2;
	return (error);
}

static int
cond_wait_common(pthread_cond_t *cond, pthread_mutex_t *mutex,
	const struct timespec *abstime, int cancel)
{
	struct pthread	*curthread = _get_curthread();
	struct pthread_cond *cvp;
	struct pthread_mutex *mp;
	int	error;

	CHECK_AND_INIT_COND

	if (*mutex == THR_PSHARED_PTR) {
		mp = __thr_pshared_offpage(mutex, 0);
		if (mp == NULL)
			return (EINVAL);
	} else {
		mp = *mutex;
	}

	if ((error = _mutex_owned(curthread, mp)) != 0)
		return (error);

	if (curthread->attr.sched_policy != SCHED_OTHER ||
	    (mp->m_lock.m_flags & (UMUTEX_PRIO_PROTECT | UMUTEX_PRIO_INHERIT |
	    USYNC_PROCESS_SHARED)) != 0 || CV_PSHARED(cvp))
		return (cond_wait_kernel(cvp, mp, abstime, cancel));
	else
		return (cond_wait_user(cvp, mp, abstime, cancel));
}

int
_thr_cond_wait(pthread_cond_t *cond, pthread_mutex_t *mutex)
{

	return (cond_wait_common(cond, mutex, NULL, 0));
}

int
__thr_cond_wait(pthread_cond_t * __restrict cond,
    pthread_mutex_t * __restrict mutex)
{

	return (cond_wait_common(cond, mutex, NULL, 1));
}

int
_thr_cond_timedwait(pthread_cond_t * __restrict cond,
    pthread_mutex_t * __restrict mutex,
    const struct timespec * __restrict abstime)
{

	if (abstime == NULL || abstime->tv_sec < 0 || abstime->tv_nsec < 0 ||
	    abstime->tv_nsec >= 1000000000)
		return (EINVAL);

	return (cond_wait_common(cond, mutex, abstime, 0));
}

int
__pthread_cond_timedwait(pthread_cond_t *cond, pthread_mutex_t *mutex,
		       const struct timespec *abstime)
{

	if (abstime == NULL || abstime->tv_sec < 0 || abstime->tv_nsec < 0 ||
	    abstime->tv_nsec >= 1000000000)
		return (EINVAL);

	return (cond_wait_common(cond, mutex, abstime, 1));
}

static int
cond_signal_common(pthread_cond_t *cond)
{
	struct pthread	*curthread = _get_curthread();
	struct pthread *td;
	struct pthread_cond *cvp;
	struct pthread_mutex *mp;
	struct sleepqueue *sq;
	int	*waddr;
	int	pshared;

	/*
	 * If the condition variable is statically initialized, perform dynamic
	 * initialization.
	 */
	CHECK_AND_INIT_COND

	pshared = CV_PSHARED(cvp);

	_thr_ucond_signal(&cvp->kcond);

	if (pshared || cvp->__has_user_waiters == 0)
		return (0);

	curthread = _get_curthread();
	waddr = NULL;
	_sleepq_lock(cvp);
	sq = _sleepq_lookup(cvp);
	if (sq == NULL) {
		_sleepq_unlock(cvp);
		return (0);
	}

	td = _sleepq_first(sq);
	mp = td->mutex_obj;
	cvp->__has_user_waiters = _sleepq_remove(sq, td);
	if (PMUTEX_OWNER_ID(mp) == TID(curthread)) {
		if (curthread->nwaiter_defer >= MAX_DEFER_WAITERS) {
			_thr_wake_all(curthread->defer_waiters,
			    curthread->nwaiter_defer);
			curthread->nwaiter_defer = 0;
		}
		curthread->defer_waiters[curthread->nwaiter_defer++] =
		    &td->wake_addr->value;
		mp->m_flags |= PMUTEX_FLAG_DEFERRED;
	} else {
		waddr = &td->wake_addr->value;
	}
	_sleepq_unlock(cvp);
	if (waddr != NULL)
		_thr_set_wake(waddr);
	return (0);
}

struct broadcast_arg {
	struct pthread *curthread;
	unsigned int *waddrs[MAX_DEFER_WAITERS];
	int count;
};

static void
drop_cb(struct pthread *td, void *arg)
{
	struct broadcast_arg *ba = arg;
	struct pthread_mutex *mp;
	struct pthread *curthread = ba->curthread;

	mp = td->mutex_obj;
	if (PMUTEX_OWNER_ID(mp) == TID(curthread)) {
		if (curthread->nwaiter_defer >= MAX_DEFER_WAITERS) {
			_thr_wake_all(curthread->defer_waiters,
			    curthread->nwaiter_defer);
			curthread->nwaiter_defer = 0;
		}
		curthread->defer_waiters[curthread->nwaiter_defer++] =
		    &td->wake_addr->value;
		mp->m_flags |= PMUTEX_FLAG_DEFERRED;
	} else {
		if (ba->count >= MAX_DEFER_WAITERS) {
			_thr_wake_all(ba->waddrs, ba->count);
			ba->count = 0;
		}
		ba->waddrs[ba->count++] = &td->wake_addr->value;
	}
}

static int
cond_broadcast_common(pthread_cond_t *cond)
{
	int    pshared;
	struct pthread_cond *cvp;
	struct sleepqueue *sq;
	struct broadcast_arg ba;

	/*
	 * If the condition variable is statically initialized, perform dynamic
	 * initialization.
	 */
	CHECK_AND_INIT_COND

	pshared = CV_PSHARED(cvp);

	_thr_ucond_broadcast(&cvp->kcond);

	if (pshared || cvp->__has_user_waiters == 0)
		return (0);

	ba.curthread = _get_curthread();
	ba.count = 0;

	_sleepq_lock(cvp);
	sq = _sleepq_lookup(cvp);
	if (sq == NULL) {
		_sleepq_unlock(cvp);
		return (0);
	}
	_sleepq_drop(sq, drop_cb, &ba);
	cvp->__has_user_waiters = 0;
	_sleepq_unlock(cvp);
	if (ba.count > 0)
		_thr_wake_all(ba.waddrs, ba.count);
	return (0);
}

int
_thr_cond_signal(pthread_cond_t * cond)
{

	return (cond_signal_common(cond));
}

int
_thr_cond_broadcast(pthread_cond_t * cond)
{

	return (cond_broadcast_common(cond));
}