1.\" Copyright (c) 1980, 1991, 1993 2.\" The Regents of the University of California. All rights reserved. 3.\" 4.\" Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without 5.\" modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions 6.\" are met: 7.\" 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright 8.\" notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer. 9.\" 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright 10.\" notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the 11.\" documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution. 12.\" 3. Neither the name of the University nor the names of its contributors 13.\" may be used to endorse or promote products derived from this software 14.\" without specific prior written permission. 15.\" 16.\" THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE REGENTS AND CONTRIBUTORS ``AS IS'' AND 17.\" ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE 18.\" IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE 19.\" ARE DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE REGENTS OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE 20.\" FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL 21.\" DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS 22.\" OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION) 23.\" HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT 24.\" LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY 25.\" OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF 26.\" SUCH DAMAGE. 27.\" 28.Dd March 30, 2020 29.Dt CHDIR 2 30.Os 31.Sh NAME 32.Nm chdir , 33.Nm fchdir 34.Nd change current working directory 35.Sh LIBRARY 36.Lb libc 37.Sh SYNOPSIS 38.In unistd.h 39.Ft int 40.Fn chdir "const char *path" 41.Ft int 42.Fn fchdir "int fd" 43.Sh DESCRIPTION 44The 45.Fa path 46argument points to the pathname of a directory. 47The 48.Fn chdir 49system call 50causes the named directory 51to become the current working directory, that is, 52the starting point for path searches of pathnames not beginning with 53a slash, 54.Ql / . 55.Pp 56The 57.Fn fchdir 58system call 59causes the directory referenced by 60.Fa fd 61to become the current working directory, 62the starting point for path searches of pathnames not beginning with 63a slash, 64.Ql / . 65.Pp 66In order for a directory to become the current directory, 67a process must have execute (search) access to the directory. 68.Sh RETURN VALUES 69.Rv -std 70.Sh ERRORS 71The 72.Fn chdir 73system call 74will fail and the current working directory will be unchanged if 75one or more of the following are true: 76.Bl -tag -width Er 77.It Bq Er ENOTDIR 78A component of the path prefix is not a directory. 79.It Bq Er ENAMETOOLONG 80A component of a pathname exceeded 255 characters, 81or an entire path name exceeded 1023 characters. 82.It Bq Er ENOENT 83The named directory does not exist. 84.It Bq Er ELOOP 85Too many symbolic links were encountered in translating the pathname. 86.It Bq Er EACCES 87Search permission is denied for any component of 88the path name. 89.It Bq Er EFAULT 90The 91.Fa path 92argument 93points outside the process's allocated address space. 94.It Bq Er EIO 95An I/O error occurred while reading from or writing to the file system. 96.It Bq Er EINTEGRITY 97Corrupted data was detected while reading from the file system. 98.El 99.Pp 100The 101.Fn fchdir 102system call 103will fail and the current working directory will be unchanged if 104one or more of the following are true: 105.Bl -tag -width Er 106.It Bq Er EACCES 107Search permission is denied for the directory referenced by the 108file descriptor. 109.It Bq Er ENOTDIR 110The file descriptor does not reference a directory. 111.It Bq Er EBADF 112The argument 113.Fa fd 114is not a valid file descriptor. 115.El 116.Sh SEE ALSO 117.Xr chroot 2 118.Sh STANDARDS 119The 120.Fn chdir 121system call is expected to conform to 122.St -p1003.1-90 . 123.Sh HISTORY 124The 125.Fn chdir 126system call appeared in 127.At v1 . 128The 129.Fn fchdir 130system call appeared in 131.Bx 4.2 . 132