xref: /freebsd/lib/libpmc/pmclog.c (revision 1669d8afc64812c8d2d1d147ae1fd42ff441e1b1)
1 /*-
2  * Copyright (c) 2005-2007 Joseph Koshy
3  * Copyright (c) 2007 The FreeBSD Foundation
4  * All rights reserved.
5  *
6  * Portions of this software were developed by A. Joseph Koshy under
7  * sponsorship from the FreeBSD Foundation and Google, Inc.
8  *
9  * Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
10  * modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions
11  * are met:
12  * 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
13  *    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
14  * 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright
15  *    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the
16  *    documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
17  *
18  * THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE AUTHOR AND CONTRIBUTORS ``AS IS'' AND
19  * ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE
20  * IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE
21  * ARE DISCLAIMED.  IN NO EVENT SHALL THE AUTHOR OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE
22  * FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL
23  * DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS
24  * OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION)
25  * HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT
26  * LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY
27  * OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF
28  * SUCH DAMAGE.
29  */
30 
31 #include <sys/cdefs.h>
32 __FBSDID("$FreeBSD$");
33 
34 #include <sys/param.h>
35 #include <sys/pmc.h>
36 #include <sys/pmclog.h>
37 
38 #include <assert.h>
39 #include <errno.h>
40 #include <pmc.h>
41 #include <pmclog.h>
42 #include <stddef.h>
43 #include <stdlib.h>
44 #include <string.h>
45 #include <strings.h>
46 #include <unistd.h>
47 
48 #include <machine/pmc_mdep.h>
49 
50 #define	PMCLOG_BUFFER_SIZE			4096
51 
52 /*
53  * API NOTES
54  *
55  * The pmclog(3) API is oriented towards parsing an event stream in
56  * "realtime", i.e., from an data source that may or may not preserve
57  * record boundaries -- for example when the data source is elsewhere
58  * on a network.  The API allows data to be fed into the parser zero
59  * or more bytes at a time.
60  *
61  * The state for a log file parser is maintained in a 'struct
62  * pmclog_parse_state'.  Parser invocations are done by calling
63  * 'pmclog_read()'; this function will inform the caller when a
64  * complete event is parsed.
65  *
66  * The parser first assembles a complete log file event in an internal
67  * work area (see "ps_saved" below).  Once a complete log file event
68  * is read, the parser then parses it and converts it to an event
69  * descriptor usable by the client.  We could possibly avoid this two
70  * step process by directly parsing the input log to set fields in the
71  * event record.  However the parser's state machine would get
72  * insanely complicated, and this code is unlikely to be used in
73  * performance critical paths.
74  */
75 
76 enum pmclog_parser_state {
77 	PL_STATE_NEW_RECORD,		/* in-between records */
78 	PL_STATE_EXPECTING_HEADER,	/* header being read */
79 	PL_STATE_PARTIAL_RECORD,	/* header present but not the record */
80 	PL_STATE_ERROR			/* parsing error encountered */
81 };
82 
83 struct pmclog_parse_state {
84 	enum pmclog_parser_state ps_state;
85 	enum pmc_cputype	ps_arch;	/* log file architecture */
86 	uint32_t		ps_version;	/* hwpmc version */
87 	int			ps_initialized;	/* whether initialized */
88 	int			ps_count;	/* count of records processed */
89 	off_t			ps_offset;	/* stream byte offset */
90 	union pmclog_entry	ps_saved;	/* saved partial log entry */
91 	int			ps_svcount;	/* #bytes saved */
92 	int			ps_fd;		/* active fd or -1 */
93 	char			*ps_buffer;	/* scratch buffer if fd != -1 */
94 	char			*ps_data;	/* current parse pointer */
95 	size_t			ps_len;		/* length of buffered data */
96 };
97 
98 #define	PMCLOG_HEADER_FROM_SAVED_STATE(PS)				\
99 	(* ((uint32_t *) &(PS)->ps_saved))
100 
101 #define	PMCLOG_INITIALIZE_READER(LE,A)	LE = (uint32_t *) &(A)
102 #define	PMCLOG_READ32(LE,V) 		do {				\
103 		(V)  = *(LE)++;						\
104 	} while (0)
105 #define	PMCLOG_READ64(LE,V)		do {				\
106 		uint64_t _v;						\
107 		_v  = (uint64_t) *(LE)++;				\
108 		_v |= ((uint64_t) *(LE)++) << 32;			\
109 		(V) = _v;						\
110 	} while (0)
111 
112 #define	PMCLOG_READSTRING(LE,DST,LEN)	strlcpy((DST), (char *) (LE), (LEN))
113 
114 /*
115  * Assemble a log record from '*len' octets starting from address '*data'.
116  * Update 'data' and 'len' to reflect the number of bytes consumed.
117  *
118  * '*data' is potentially an unaligned address and '*len' octets may
119  * not be enough to complete a event record.
120  */
121 
122 static enum pmclog_parser_state
123 pmclog_get_record(struct pmclog_parse_state *ps, char **data, ssize_t *len)
124 {
125 	int avail, copylen, recordsize, used;
126 	uint32_t h;
127 	const int HEADERSIZE = sizeof(uint32_t);
128 	char *src, *dst;
129 
130 	if ((avail = *len) <= 0)
131 		return (ps->ps_state = PL_STATE_ERROR);
132 
133 	src = *data;
134 	h = used = 0;
135 
136 	if (ps->ps_state == PL_STATE_NEW_RECORD)
137 		ps->ps_svcount = 0;
138 
139 	dst = (char *) &ps->ps_saved + ps->ps_svcount;
140 
141 	switch (ps->ps_state) {
142 	case PL_STATE_NEW_RECORD:
143 
144 		/*
145 		 * Transitions:
146 		 *
147 		 * Case A: avail < headersize
148 		 *	-> 'expecting header'
149 		 *
150 		 * Case B: avail >= headersize
151 		 *    B.1: avail < recordsize
152 		 *	   -> 'partial record'
153 		 *    B.2: avail >= recordsize
154 		 *         -> 'new record'
155 		 */
156 
157 		copylen = avail < HEADERSIZE ? avail : HEADERSIZE;
158 		bcopy(src, dst, copylen);
159 		ps->ps_svcount = used = copylen;
160 
161 		if (copylen < HEADERSIZE) {
162 			ps->ps_state = PL_STATE_EXPECTING_HEADER;
163 			goto done;
164 		}
165 
166 		src += copylen;
167 		dst += copylen;
168 
169 		h = PMCLOG_HEADER_FROM_SAVED_STATE(ps);
170 		recordsize = PMCLOG_HEADER_TO_LENGTH(h);
171 
172 		if (recordsize <= 0)
173 			goto error;
174 
175 		if (recordsize <= avail) { /* full record available */
176 			bcopy(src, dst, recordsize - copylen);
177 			ps->ps_svcount = used = recordsize;
178 			goto done;
179 		}
180 
181 		/* header + a partial record is available */
182 		bcopy(src, dst, avail - copylen);
183 		ps->ps_svcount = used = avail;
184 		ps->ps_state = PL_STATE_PARTIAL_RECORD;
185 
186 		break;
187 
188 	case PL_STATE_EXPECTING_HEADER:
189 
190 		/*
191 		 * Transitions:
192 		 *
193 		 * Case C: avail+saved < headersize
194 		 * 	-> 'expecting header'
195 		 *
196 		 * Case D: avail+saved >= headersize
197 		 *    D.1: avail+saved < recordsize
198 		 *    	-> 'partial record'
199 		 *    D.2: avail+saved >= recordsize
200 		 *    	-> 'new record'
201 		 *    (see PARTIAL_RECORD handling below)
202 		 */
203 
204 		if (avail + ps->ps_svcount < HEADERSIZE) {
205 			bcopy(src, dst, avail);
206 			ps->ps_svcount += avail;
207 			used = avail;
208 			break;
209 		}
210 
211 		used = copylen = HEADERSIZE - ps->ps_svcount;
212 		bcopy(src, dst, copylen);
213 		src += copylen;
214 		dst += copylen;
215 		avail -= copylen;
216 		ps->ps_svcount += copylen;
217 
218 		/*FALLTHROUGH*/
219 
220 	case PL_STATE_PARTIAL_RECORD:
221 
222 		/*
223 		 * Transitions:
224 		 *
225 		 * Case E: avail+saved < recordsize
226 		 * 	-> 'partial record'
227 		 *
228 		 * Case F: avail+saved >= recordsize
229 		 * 	-> 'new record'
230 		 */
231 
232 		h = PMCLOG_HEADER_FROM_SAVED_STATE(ps);
233 		recordsize = PMCLOG_HEADER_TO_LENGTH(h);
234 
235 		if (recordsize <= 0)
236 			goto error;
237 
238 		if (avail + ps->ps_svcount < recordsize) {
239 			copylen = avail;
240 			ps->ps_state = PL_STATE_PARTIAL_RECORD;
241 		} else {
242 			copylen = recordsize - ps->ps_svcount;
243 			ps->ps_state = PL_STATE_NEW_RECORD;
244 		}
245 
246 		bcopy(src, dst, copylen);
247 		ps->ps_svcount += copylen;
248 		used += copylen;
249 		break;
250 
251 	default:
252 		goto error;
253 	}
254 
255  done:
256 	*data += used;
257 	*len  -= used;
258 	return ps->ps_state;
259 
260  error:
261 	ps->ps_state = PL_STATE_ERROR;
262 	return ps->ps_state;
263 }
264 
265 /*
266  * Get an event from the stream pointed to by '*data'.  '*len'
267  * indicates the number of bytes available to parse.  Arguments
268  * '*data' and '*len' are updated to indicate the number of bytes
269  * consumed.
270  */
271 
272 static int
273 pmclog_get_event(void *cookie, char **data, ssize_t *len,
274     struct pmclog_ev *ev)
275 {
276 	int evlen, pathlen;
277 	uint32_t h, *le, npc;
278 	enum pmclog_parser_state e;
279 	struct pmclog_parse_state *ps;
280 
281 	ps = (struct pmclog_parse_state *) cookie;
282 
283 	assert(ps->ps_state != PL_STATE_ERROR);
284 
285 	if ((e = pmclog_get_record(ps,data,len)) == PL_STATE_ERROR) {
286 		ev->pl_state = PMCLOG_ERROR;
287 		return -1;
288 	}
289 
290 	if (e != PL_STATE_NEW_RECORD) {
291 		ev->pl_state = PMCLOG_REQUIRE_DATA;
292 		return -1;
293 	}
294 
295 	PMCLOG_INITIALIZE_READER(le, ps->ps_saved);
296 
297 	PMCLOG_READ32(le,h);
298 
299 	if (!PMCLOG_HEADER_CHECK_MAGIC(h)) {
300 		ps->ps_state = PL_STATE_ERROR;
301 		ev->pl_state = PMCLOG_ERROR;
302 		return -1;
303 	}
304 
305 	/* copy out the time stamp */
306 	PMCLOG_READ32(le,ev->pl_ts.tv_sec);
307 	PMCLOG_READ32(le,ev->pl_ts.tv_nsec);
308 
309 	evlen = PMCLOG_HEADER_TO_LENGTH(h);
310 
311 #define	PMCLOG_GET_PATHLEN(P,E,TYPE) do {				\
312 		(P) = (E) - offsetof(struct TYPE, pl_pathname);		\
313 		if ((P) > PATH_MAX || (P) < 0)				\
314 			goto error;					\
315 	} while (0)
316 
317 #define	PMCLOG_GET_CALLCHAIN_SIZE(SZ,E) do {				\
318 		(SZ) = ((E) - offsetof(struct pmclog_callchain, pl_pc))	\
319 			/ sizeof(uintfptr_t);				\
320 	} while (0);
321 
322 	switch (ev->pl_type = PMCLOG_HEADER_TO_TYPE(h)) {
323 	case PMCLOG_TYPE_CALLCHAIN:
324 		PMCLOG_READ32(le,ev->pl_u.pl_cc.pl_pid);
325 		PMCLOG_READ32(le,ev->pl_u.pl_cc.pl_pmcid);
326 		PMCLOG_READ32(le,ev->pl_u.pl_cc.pl_cpuflags);
327 		PMCLOG_GET_CALLCHAIN_SIZE(ev->pl_u.pl_cc.pl_npc,evlen);
328 		for (npc = 0; npc < ev->pl_u.pl_cc.pl_npc; npc++)
329 			PMCLOG_READADDR(le,ev->pl_u.pl_cc.pl_pc[npc]);
330 		for (;npc < PMC_CALLCHAIN_DEPTH_MAX; npc++)
331 			ev->pl_u.pl_cc.pl_pc[npc] = (uintfptr_t) 0;
332 		break;
333 	case PMCLOG_TYPE_CLOSELOG:
334 	case PMCLOG_TYPE_DROPNOTIFY:
335 		/* nothing to do */
336 		break;
337 	case PMCLOG_TYPE_INITIALIZE:
338 		PMCLOG_READ32(le,ev->pl_u.pl_i.pl_version);
339 		PMCLOG_READ32(le,ev->pl_u.pl_i.pl_arch);
340 		ps->ps_version = ev->pl_u.pl_i.pl_version;
341 		ps->ps_arch = ev->pl_u.pl_i.pl_arch;
342 		ps->ps_initialized = 1;
343 		break;
344 	case PMCLOG_TYPE_MAP_IN:
345 		PMCLOG_GET_PATHLEN(pathlen,evlen,pmclog_map_in);
346 		PMCLOG_READ32(le,ev->pl_u.pl_mi.pl_pid);
347 		PMCLOG_READADDR(le,ev->pl_u.pl_mi.pl_start);
348 		PMCLOG_READSTRING(le, ev->pl_u.pl_mi.pl_pathname, pathlen);
349 		break;
350 	case PMCLOG_TYPE_MAP_OUT:
351 		PMCLOG_READ32(le,ev->pl_u.pl_mo.pl_pid);
352 		PMCLOG_READADDR(le,ev->pl_u.pl_mo.pl_start);
353 		PMCLOG_READADDR(le,ev->pl_u.pl_mo.pl_end);
354 		break;
355 	case PMCLOG_TYPE_PCSAMPLE:
356 		PMCLOG_READ32(le,ev->pl_u.pl_s.pl_pid);
357 		PMCLOG_READADDR(le,ev->pl_u.pl_s.pl_pc);
358 		PMCLOG_READ32(le,ev->pl_u.pl_s.pl_pmcid);
359 		PMCLOG_READ32(le,ev->pl_u.pl_s.pl_usermode);
360 		break;
361 	case PMCLOG_TYPE_PMCALLOCATE:
362 		PMCLOG_READ32(le,ev->pl_u.pl_a.pl_pmcid);
363 		PMCLOG_READ32(le,ev->pl_u.pl_a.pl_event);
364 		PMCLOG_READ32(le,ev->pl_u.pl_a.pl_flags);
365 		if ((ev->pl_u.pl_a.pl_evname =
366 		    pmc_name_of_event(ev->pl_u.pl_a.pl_event)) == NULL)
367 			goto error;
368 		break;
369 	case PMCLOG_TYPE_PMCATTACH:
370 		PMCLOG_GET_PATHLEN(pathlen,evlen,pmclog_pmcattach);
371 		PMCLOG_READ32(le,ev->pl_u.pl_t.pl_pmcid);
372 		PMCLOG_READ32(le,ev->pl_u.pl_t.pl_pid);
373 		PMCLOG_READSTRING(le,ev->pl_u.pl_t.pl_pathname,pathlen);
374 		break;
375 	case PMCLOG_TYPE_PMCDETACH:
376 		PMCLOG_READ32(le,ev->pl_u.pl_d.pl_pmcid);
377 		PMCLOG_READ32(le,ev->pl_u.pl_d.pl_pid);
378 		break;
379 	case PMCLOG_TYPE_PROCCSW:
380 		PMCLOG_READ32(le,ev->pl_u.pl_c.pl_pmcid);
381 		PMCLOG_READ64(le,ev->pl_u.pl_c.pl_value);
382 		PMCLOG_READ32(le,ev->pl_u.pl_c.pl_pid);
383 		break;
384 	case PMCLOG_TYPE_PROCEXEC:
385 		PMCLOG_GET_PATHLEN(pathlen,evlen,pmclog_procexec);
386 		PMCLOG_READ32(le,ev->pl_u.pl_x.pl_pid);
387 		PMCLOG_READADDR(le,ev->pl_u.pl_x.pl_entryaddr);
388 		PMCLOG_READ32(le,ev->pl_u.pl_x.pl_pmcid);
389 		PMCLOG_READSTRING(le,ev->pl_u.pl_x.pl_pathname,pathlen);
390 		break;
391 	case PMCLOG_TYPE_PROCEXIT:
392 		PMCLOG_READ32(le,ev->pl_u.pl_e.pl_pmcid);
393 		PMCLOG_READ64(le,ev->pl_u.pl_e.pl_value);
394 		PMCLOG_READ32(le,ev->pl_u.pl_e.pl_pid);
395 		break;
396 	case PMCLOG_TYPE_PROCFORK:
397 		PMCLOG_READ32(le,ev->pl_u.pl_f.pl_oldpid);
398 		PMCLOG_READ32(le,ev->pl_u.pl_f.pl_newpid);
399 		break;
400 	case PMCLOG_TYPE_SYSEXIT:
401 		PMCLOG_READ32(le,ev->pl_u.pl_se.pl_pid);
402 		break;
403 	case PMCLOG_TYPE_USERDATA:
404 		PMCLOG_READ32(le,ev->pl_u.pl_u.pl_userdata);
405 		break;
406 	default:	/* unknown record type */
407 		ps->ps_state = PL_STATE_ERROR;
408 		ev->pl_state = PMCLOG_ERROR;
409 		return (-1);
410 	}
411 
412 	ev->pl_offset = (ps->ps_offset += evlen);
413 	ev->pl_count  = (ps->ps_count += 1);
414 	ev->pl_state = PMCLOG_OK;
415 	return 0;
416 
417  error:
418 	ev->pl_state = PMCLOG_ERROR;
419 	ps->ps_state = PL_STATE_ERROR;
420 	return -1;
421 }
422 
423 /*
424  * Extract and return the next event from the byte stream.
425  *
426  * Returns 0 and sets the event's state to PMCLOG_OK in case an event
427  * was successfully parsed.  Otherwise this function returns -1 and
428  * sets the event's state to one of PMCLOG_REQUIRE_DATA (if more data
429  * is needed) or PMCLOG_EOF (if an EOF was seen) or PMCLOG_ERROR if
430  * a parse error was encountered.
431  */
432 
433 int
434 pmclog_read(void *cookie, struct pmclog_ev *ev)
435 {
436 	int retval;
437 	ssize_t nread;
438 	struct pmclog_parse_state *ps;
439 
440 	ps = (struct pmclog_parse_state *) cookie;
441 
442 	if (ps->ps_state == PL_STATE_ERROR) {
443 		ev->pl_state = PMCLOG_ERROR;
444 		return -1;
445 	}
446 
447 	/*
448 	 * If there isn't enough data left for a new event try and get
449 	 * more data.
450 	 */
451 	if (ps->ps_len == 0) {
452 		ev->pl_state = PMCLOG_REQUIRE_DATA;
453 
454 		/*
455 		 * If we have a valid file descriptor to read from, attempt
456 		 * to read from that.  This read may return with an error,
457 		 * (which may be EAGAIN or other recoverable error), or
458 		 * can return EOF.
459 		 */
460 		if (ps->ps_fd != PMCLOG_FD_NONE) {
461 		refill:
462 			nread = read(ps->ps_fd, ps->ps_buffer,
463 			    PMCLOG_BUFFER_SIZE);
464 
465 			if (nread <= 0) {
466 				if (nread == 0)
467 					ev->pl_state = PMCLOG_EOF;
468 				else if (errno != EAGAIN) /* not restartable */
469 					ev->pl_state = PMCLOG_ERROR;
470 				return -1;
471 			}
472 
473 			ps->ps_len = nread;
474 			ps->ps_data = ps->ps_buffer;
475 		} else
476 			return -1;
477 	}
478 
479 	assert(ps->ps_len > 0);
480 
481 
482 	 /* Retrieve one event from the byte stream. */
483 	retval = pmclog_get_event(ps, &ps->ps_data, &ps->ps_len, ev);
484 
485 	/*
486 	 * If we need more data and we have a configured fd, try read
487 	 * from it.
488 	 */
489 	if (retval < 0 && ev->pl_state == PMCLOG_REQUIRE_DATA &&
490 	    ps->ps_fd != -1) {
491 		assert(ps->ps_len == 0);
492 		goto refill;
493 	}
494 
495 	return retval;
496 }
497 
498 /*
499  * Feed data to a memory based parser.
500  *
501  * The memory area pointed to by 'data' needs to be valid till the
502  * next error return from pmclog_next_event().
503  */
504 
505 int
506 pmclog_feed(void *cookie, char *data, int len)
507 {
508 	struct pmclog_parse_state *ps;
509 
510 	ps = (struct pmclog_parse_state *) cookie;
511 
512 	if (len < 0 ||		/* invalid length */
513 	    ps->ps_buffer ||	/* called for a file parser */
514 	    ps->ps_len != 0)	/* unnecessary call */
515 		return -1;
516 
517 	ps->ps_data = data;
518 	ps->ps_len  = len;
519 
520 	return 0;
521 }
522 
523 /*
524  * Allocate and initialize parser state.
525  */
526 
527 void *
528 pmclog_open(int fd)
529 {
530 	struct pmclog_parse_state *ps;
531 
532 	if ((ps = (struct pmclog_parse_state *) malloc(sizeof(*ps))) == NULL)
533 		return NULL;
534 
535 	ps->ps_state = PL_STATE_NEW_RECORD;
536 	ps->ps_arch = -1;
537 	ps->ps_initialized = 0;
538 	ps->ps_count = 0;
539 	ps->ps_offset = (off_t) 0;
540 	bzero(&ps->ps_saved, sizeof(ps->ps_saved));
541 	ps->ps_svcount = 0;
542 	ps->ps_fd    = fd;
543 	ps->ps_data  = NULL;
544 	ps->ps_buffer = NULL;
545 	ps->ps_len   = 0;
546 
547 	/* allocate space for a work area */
548 	if (ps->ps_fd != PMCLOG_FD_NONE) {
549 		if ((ps->ps_buffer = malloc(PMCLOG_BUFFER_SIZE)) == NULL)
550 			return NULL;
551 	}
552 
553 	return ps;
554 }
555 
556 
557 /*
558  * Free up parser state.
559  */
560 
561 void
562 pmclog_close(void *cookie)
563 {
564 	struct pmclog_parse_state *ps;
565 
566 	ps = (struct pmclog_parse_state *) cookie;
567 
568 	if (ps->ps_buffer)
569 		free(ps->ps_buffer);
570 
571 	free(ps);
572 }
573