xref: /freebsd/lib/libpam/modules/pam_unix/pam_unix.c (revision 8a16b7a18f5d0b031f09832fd7752fba717e2a97)
1 /*-
2  * Copyright 1998 Juniper Networks, Inc.
3  * All rights reserved.
4  * Copyright (c) 2002-2003 Networks Associates Technology, Inc.
5  * All rights reserved.
6  *
7  * Portions of this software was developed for the FreeBSD Project by
8  * ThinkSec AS and NAI Labs, the Security Research Division of Network
9  * Associates, Inc.  under DARPA/SPAWAR contract N66001-01-C-8035
10  * ("CBOSS"), as part of the DARPA CHATS research program.
11  *
12  * Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
13  * modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions
14  * are met:
15  * 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
16  *    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
17  * 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright
18  *    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the
19  *    documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
20  * 3. The name of the author may not be used to endorse or promote
21  *    products derived from this software without specific prior written
22  *    permission.
23  *
24  * THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE AUTHOR AND CONTRIBUTORS ``AS IS'' AND
25  * ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE
26  * IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE
27  * ARE DISCLAIMED.  IN NO EVENT SHALL THE AUTHOR OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE
28  * FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL
29  * DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS
30  * OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION)
31  * HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT
32  * LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY
33  * OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF
34  * SUCH DAMAGE.
35  */
36 
37 #include <sys/cdefs.h>
38 __FBSDID("$FreeBSD$");
39 
40 #include <sys/param.h>
41 #include <sys/socket.h>
42 #include <sys/time.h>
43 #include <netinet/in.h>
44 #include <arpa/inet.h>
45 
46 #include <login_cap.h>
47 #include <netdb.h>
48 #include <pwd.h>
49 #include <stdlib.h>
50 #include <string.h>
51 #include <stdio.h>
52 #include <syslog.h>
53 #include <time.h>
54 #include <unistd.h>
55 
56 #include <libutil.h>
57 
58 #ifdef YP
59 #include <ypclnt.h>
60 #endif
61 
62 #define PAM_SM_AUTH
63 #define PAM_SM_ACCOUNT
64 #define	PAM_SM_PASSWORD
65 
66 #include <security/pam_appl.h>
67 #include <security/pam_modules.h>
68 #include <security/pam_mod_misc.h>
69 
70 #define PASSWORD_HASH		"md5"
71 #define DEFAULT_WARN		(2L * 7L * 86400L)  /* Two weeks */
72 #define	SALTSIZE		32
73 
74 #define	LOCKED_PREFIX		"*LOCKED*"
75 #define	LOCKED_PREFIX_LEN	(sizeof(LOCKED_PREFIX) - 1)
76 
77 static void makesalt(char []);
78 
79 static char password_hash[] =		PASSWORD_HASH;
80 
81 #define PAM_OPT_LOCAL_PASS	"local_pass"
82 #define PAM_OPT_NIS_PASS	"nis_pass"
83 
84 /*
85  * authentication management
86  */
87 PAM_EXTERN int
88 pam_sm_authenticate(pam_handle_t *pamh, int flags __unused,
89     int argc __unused, const char *argv[] __unused)
90 {
91 	login_cap_t *lc;
92 	struct passwd *pwd;
93 	int retval;
94 	const char *pass, *user, *realpw, *prompt;
95 
96 	if (openpam_get_option(pamh, PAM_OPT_AUTH_AS_SELF)) {
97 		user = getlogin();
98 	} else {
99 		retval = pam_get_user(pamh, &user, NULL);
100 		if (retval != PAM_SUCCESS)
101 			return (retval);
102 	}
103 	pwd = getpwnam(user);
104 
105 	PAM_LOG("Got user: %s", user);
106 
107 	if (pwd != NULL) {
108 		PAM_LOG("Doing real authentication");
109 		realpw = pwd->pw_passwd;
110 		if (realpw[0] == '\0') {
111 			if (!(flags & PAM_DISALLOW_NULL_AUTHTOK) &&
112 			    openpam_get_option(pamh, PAM_OPT_NULLOK))
113 				return (PAM_SUCCESS);
114 			PAM_LOG("Password is empty, using fake password");
115 			realpw = "*";
116 		}
117 		lc = login_getpwclass(pwd);
118 	} else {
119 		PAM_LOG("Doing dummy authentication");
120 		realpw = "*";
121 		lc = login_getclass(NULL);
122 	}
123 	prompt = login_getcapstr(lc, "passwd_prompt", NULL, NULL);
124 	retval = pam_get_authtok(pamh, PAM_AUTHTOK, &pass, prompt);
125 	login_close(lc);
126 	if (retval != PAM_SUCCESS)
127 		return (retval);
128 	PAM_LOG("Got password");
129 	if (strnlen(pass, _PASSWORD_LEN + 1) > _PASSWORD_LEN) {
130 		PAM_LOG("Password is too long, using fake password");
131 		realpw = "*";
132 	}
133 	if (strcmp(crypt(pass, realpw), realpw) == 0)
134 		return (PAM_SUCCESS);
135 
136 	PAM_VERBOSE_ERROR("UNIX authentication refused");
137 	return (PAM_AUTH_ERR);
138 }
139 
140 PAM_EXTERN int
141 pam_sm_setcred(pam_handle_t *pamh __unused, int flags __unused,
142     int argc __unused, const char *argv[] __unused)
143 {
144 
145 	return (PAM_SUCCESS);
146 }
147 
148 /*
149  * account management
150  */
151 PAM_EXTERN int
152 pam_sm_acct_mgmt(pam_handle_t *pamh, int flags __unused,
153     int argc __unused, const char *argv[] __unused)
154 {
155 	struct addrinfo hints, *res;
156 	struct passwd *pwd;
157 	struct timeval tp;
158 	login_cap_t *lc;
159 	time_t warntime;
160 	int retval;
161 	const char *user;
162 	const void *rhost, *tty;
163 	char rhostip[MAXHOSTNAMELEN] = "";
164 
165 	retval = pam_get_user(pamh, &user, NULL);
166 	if (retval != PAM_SUCCESS)
167 		return (retval);
168 
169 	if (user == NULL || (pwd = getpwnam(user)) == NULL)
170 		return (PAM_SERVICE_ERR);
171 
172 	PAM_LOG("Got user: %s", user);
173 
174 	retval = pam_get_item(pamh, PAM_RHOST, &rhost);
175 	if (retval != PAM_SUCCESS)
176 		return (retval);
177 
178 	retval = pam_get_item(pamh, PAM_TTY, &tty);
179 	if (retval != PAM_SUCCESS)
180 		return (retval);
181 
182 	if (*pwd->pw_passwd == '\0' &&
183 	    (flags & PAM_DISALLOW_NULL_AUTHTOK) != 0)
184 		return (PAM_NEW_AUTHTOK_REQD);
185 
186 	if (strncmp(pwd->pw_passwd, LOCKED_PREFIX, LOCKED_PREFIX_LEN) == 0)
187 		return (PAM_AUTH_ERR);
188 
189 	lc = login_getpwclass(pwd);
190 	if (lc == NULL) {
191 		PAM_LOG("Unable to get login class for user %s", user);
192 		return (PAM_SERVICE_ERR);
193 	}
194 
195 	PAM_LOG("Got login_cap");
196 
197 	if (pwd->pw_change || pwd->pw_expire)
198 		gettimeofday(&tp, NULL);
199 
200 	/*
201 	 * Check pw_expire before pw_change - no point in letting the
202 	 * user change the password on an expired account.
203 	 */
204 
205 	if (pwd->pw_expire) {
206 		warntime = login_getcaptime(lc, "warnexpire",
207 		    DEFAULT_WARN, DEFAULT_WARN);
208 		if (tp.tv_sec >= pwd->pw_expire) {
209 			login_close(lc);
210 			return (PAM_ACCT_EXPIRED);
211 		} else if (pwd->pw_expire - tp.tv_sec < warntime &&
212 		    (flags & PAM_SILENT) == 0) {
213 			pam_error(pamh, "Warning: your account expires on %s",
214 			    ctime(&pwd->pw_expire));
215 		}
216 	}
217 
218 	retval = PAM_SUCCESS;
219 	if (pwd->pw_change) {
220 		warntime = login_getcaptime(lc, "warnpassword",
221 		    DEFAULT_WARN, DEFAULT_WARN);
222 		if (tp.tv_sec >= pwd->pw_change) {
223 			retval = PAM_NEW_AUTHTOK_REQD;
224 		} else if (pwd->pw_change - tp.tv_sec < warntime &&
225 		    (flags & PAM_SILENT) == 0) {
226 			pam_error(pamh, "Warning: your password expires on %s",
227 			    ctime(&pwd->pw_change));
228 		}
229 	}
230 
231 	/*
232 	 * From here on, we must leave retval untouched (unless we
233 	 * know we're going to fail), because we need to remember
234 	 * whether we're supposed to return PAM_SUCCESS or
235 	 * PAM_NEW_AUTHTOK_REQD.
236 	 */
237 
238 	if (rhost && *(const char *)rhost != '\0') {
239 		memset(&hints, 0, sizeof(hints));
240 		hints.ai_family = AF_UNSPEC;
241 		if (getaddrinfo(rhost, NULL, &hints, &res) == 0) {
242 			getnameinfo(res->ai_addr, res->ai_addrlen,
243 			    rhostip, sizeof(rhostip), NULL, 0,
244 			    NI_NUMERICHOST);
245 		}
246 		if (res != NULL)
247 			freeaddrinfo(res);
248 	}
249 
250 	/*
251 	 * Check host / tty / time-of-day restrictions
252 	 */
253 
254 	if (!auth_hostok(lc, rhost, rhostip) ||
255 	    !auth_ttyok(lc, tty) ||
256 	    !auth_timeok(lc, time(NULL)))
257 		retval = PAM_AUTH_ERR;
258 
259 	login_close(lc);
260 
261 	return (retval);
262 }
263 
264 /*
265  * password management
266  *
267  * standard Unix and NIS password changing
268  */
269 PAM_EXTERN int
270 pam_sm_chauthtok(pam_handle_t *pamh, int flags,
271     int argc __unused, const char *argv[] __unused)
272 {
273 #ifdef YP
274 	struct ypclnt *ypclnt;
275 	const void *yp_domain, *yp_server;
276 #endif
277 	char salt[SALTSIZE + 1];
278 	login_cap_t *lc;
279 	struct passwd *pwd, *old_pwd;
280 	const char *user, *old_pass, *new_pass;
281 	char *encrypted;
282 	time_t passwordtime;
283 	int pfd, tfd, retval;
284 
285 	if (openpam_get_option(pamh, PAM_OPT_AUTH_AS_SELF))
286 		user = getlogin();
287 	else {
288 		retval = pam_get_user(pamh, &user, NULL);
289 		if (retval != PAM_SUCCESS)
290 			return (retval);
291 	}
292 	pwd = getpwnam(user);
293 
294 	if (pwd == NULL)
295 		return (PAM_AUTHTOK_RECOVERY_ERR);
296 
297 	PAM_LOG("Got user: %s", user);
298 
299 	if (flags & PAM_PRELIM_CHECK) {
300 
301 		PAM_LOG("PRELIM round");
302 
303 		if (getuid() == 0 &&
304 		    (pwd->pw_fields & _PWF_SOURCE) == _PWF_FILES)
305 			/* root doesn't need the old password */
306 			return (pam_set_item(pamh, PAM_OLDAUTHTOK, ""));
307 #ifdef YP
308 		if (getuid() == 0 &&
309 		    (pwd->pw_fields & _PWF_SOURCE) == _PWF_NIS) {
310 
311 			yp_domain = yp_server = NULL;
312 			(void)pam_get_data(pamh, "yp_domain", &yp_domain);
313 			(void)pam_get_data(pamh, "yp_server", &yp_server);
314 
315 			ypclnt = ypclnt_new(yp_domain, "passwd.byname", yp_server);
316 			if (ypclnt == NULL)
317 				return (PAM_BUF_ERR);
318 
319 			if (ypclnt_connect(ypclnt) == -1) {
320 				ypclnt_free(ypclnt);
321 				return (PAM_SERVICE_ERR);
322 			}
323 
324 			retval = ypclnt_havepasswdd(ypclnt);
325 			ypclnt_free(ypclnt);
326 			if (retval == 1)
327 				return (pam_set_item(pamh, PAM_OLDAUTHTOK, ""));
328 			else if (retval == -1)
329 				return (PAM_SERVICE_ERR);
330 		}
331 #endif
332 		if (pwd->pw_passwd[0] == '\0'
333 		    && openpam_get_option(pamh, PAM_OPT_NULLOK)) {
334 			/*
335 			 * No password case. XXX Are we giving too much away
336 			 * by not prompting for a password?
337 			 * XXX check PAM_DISALLOW_NULL_AUTHTOK
338 			 */
339 			old_pass = "";
340 			retval = PAM_SUCCESS;
341 		} else {
342 			retval = pam_get_authtok(pamh,
343 			    PAM_OLDAUTHTOK, &old_pass, NULL);
344 			if (retval != PAM_SUCCESS)
345 				return (retval);
346 		}
347 		PAM_LOG("Got old password");
348 		/* always encrypt first */
349 		encrypted = crypt(old_pass, pwd->pw_passwd);
350 		if (old_pass[0] == '\0' &&
351 		    !openpam_get_option(pamh, PAM_OPT_NULLOK))
352 			return (PAM_PERM_DENIED);
353 		if (strcmp(encrypted, pwd->pw_passwd) != 0)
354 			return (PAM_PERM_DENIED);
355 	}
356 	else if (flags & PAM_UPDATE_AUTHTOK) {
357 		PAM_LOG("UPDATE round");
358 
359 		retval = pam_get_authtok(pamh,
360 		    PAM_OLDAUTHTOK, &old_pass, NULL);
361 		if (retval != PAM_SUCCESS)
362 			return (retval);
363 		PAM_LOG("Got old password");
364 
365 		/* get new password */
366 		for (;;) {
367 			retval = pam_get_authtok(pamh,
368 			    PAM_AUTHTOK, &new_pass, NULL);
369 			if (retval != PAM_TRY_AGAIN)
370 				break;
371 			pam_error(pamh, "Mismatch; try again, EOF to quit.");
372 		}
373 		PAM_LOG("Got new password");
374 		if (retval != PAM_SUCCESS) {
375 			PAM_VERBOSE_ERROR("Unable to get new password");
376 			return (retval);
377 		}
378 
379 		if (getuid() != 0 && new_pass[0] == '\0' &&
380 		    !openpam_get_option(pamh, PAM_OPT_NULLOK))
381 			return (PAM_PERM_DENIED);
382 
383 		if ((old_pwd = pw_dup(pwd)) == NULL)
384 			return (PAM_BUF_ERR);
385 
386 		lc = login_getclass(pwd->pw_class);
387 		if (login_setcryptfmt(lc, password_hash, NULL) == NULL)
388 			openpam_log(PAM_LOG_ERROR,
389 			    "can't set password cipher, relying on default");
390 
391 		/* set password expiry date */
392 		pwd->pw_change = 0;
393 		passwordtime = login_getcaptime(lc, "passwordtime", 0, 0);
394 		if (passwordtime > 0)
395 			pwd->pw_change = time(NULL) + passwordtime;
396 
397 		login_close(lc);
398 		makesalt(salt);
399 		pwd->pw_passwd = crypt(new_pass, salt);
400 #ifdef YP
401 		switch (old_pwd->pw_fields & _PWF_SOURCE) {
402 		case _PWF_FILES:
403 #endif
404 			retval = PAM_SERVICE_ERR;
405 			if (pw_init(NULL, NULL))
406 				openpam_log(PAM_LOG_ERROR, "pw_init() failed");
407 			else if ((pfd = pw_lock()) == -1)
408 				openpam_log(PAM_LOG_ERROR, "pw_lock() failed");
409 			else if ((tfd = pw_tmp(-1)) == -1)
410 				openpam_log(PAM_LOG_ERROR, "pw_tmp() failed");
411 			else if (pw_copy(pfd, tfd, pwd, old_pwd) == -1)
412 				openpam_log(PAM_LOG_ERROR, "pw_copy() failed");
413 			else if (pw_mkdb(pwd->pw_name) == -1)
414 				openpam_log(PAM_LOG_ERROR, "pw_mkdb() failed");
415 			else
416 				retval = PAM_SUCCESS;
417 			pw_fini();
418 #ifdef YP
419 			break;
420 		case _PWF_NIS:
421 			yp_domain = yp_server = NULL;
422 			(void)pam_get_data(pamh, "yp_domain", &yp_domain);
423 			(void)pam_get_data(pamh, "yp_server", &yp_server);
424 			ypclnt = ypclnt_new(yp_domain,
425 			    "passwd.byname", yp_server);
426 			if (ypclnt == NULL) {
427 				retval = PAM_BUF_ERR;
428 			} else if (ypclnt_connect(ypclnt) == -1 ||
429 			    ypclnt_passwd(ypclnt, pwd, old_pass) == -1) {
430 				openpam_log(PAM_LOG_ERROR, "%s", ypclnt->error);
431 				retval = PAM_SERVICE_ERR;
432 			} else {
433 				retval = PAM_SUCCESS;
434 			}
435 			ypclnt_free(ypclnt);
436 			break;
437 		default:
438 			openpam_log(PAM_LOG_ERROR, "unsupported source 0x%x",
439 			    pwd->pw_fields & _PWF_SOURCE);
440 			retval = PAM_SERVICE_ERR;
441 		}
442 #endif
443 		free(old_pwd);
444 	}
445 	else {
446 		/* Very bad juju */
447 		retval = PAM_ABORT;
448 		PAM_LOG("Illegal 'flags'");
449 	}
450 
451 	return (retval);
452 }
453 
454 /* Mostly stolen from passwd(1)'s local_passwd.c - markm */
455 
456 static unsigned char itoa64[] =		/* 0 ... 63 => ascii - 64 */
457 	"./0123456789ABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRSTUVWXYZabcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyz";
458 
459 static void
460 to64(char *s, long v, int n)
461 {
462 	while (--n >= 0) {
463 		*s++ = itoa64[v&0x3f];
464 		v >>= 6;
465 	}
466 }
467 
468 /* Salt suitable for traditional DES and MD5 */
469 static void
470 makesalt(char salt[SALTSIZE + 1])
471 {
472 	int i;
473 
474 	/* These are not really random numbers, they are just
475 	 * numbers that change to thwart construction of a
476 	 * dictionary.
477 	 */
478 	for (i = 0; i < SALTSIZE; i += 4)
479 		to64(&salt[i], arc4random(), 4);
480 	salt[SALTSIZE] = '\0';
481 }
482 
483 PAM_MODULE_ENTRY("pam_unix");
484