xref: /freebsd/lib/libpam/modules/pam_unix/pam_unix.c (revision 63a938566d524836885917d95bd491aa4400b181)
1 /*-
2  * SPDX-License-Identifier: BSD-3-Clause
3  *
4  * Copyright 1998 Juniper Networks, Inc.
5  * All rights reserved.
6  * Copyright (c) 2002-2003 Networks Associates Technology, Inc.
7  * All rights reserved.
8  *
9  * Portions of this software was developed for the FreeBSD Project by
10  * ThinkSec AS and NAI Labs, the Security Research Division of Network
11  * Associates, Inc.  under DARPA/SPAWAR contract N66001-01-C-8035
12  * ("CBOSS"), as part of the DARPA CHATS research program.
13  *
14  * Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
15  * modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions
16  * are met:
17  * 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
18  *    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
19  * 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright
20  *    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the
21  *    documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
22  * 3. The name of the author may not be used to endorse or promote
23  *    products derived from this software without specific prior written
24  *    permission.
25  *
26  * THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE AUTHOR AND CONTRIBUTORS ``AS IS'' AND
27  * ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE
28  * IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE
29  * ARE DISCLAIMED.  IN NO EVENT SHALL THE AUTHOR OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE
30  * FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL
31  * DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS
32  * OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION)
33  * HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT
34  * LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY
35  * OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF
36  * SUCH DAMAGE.
37  */
38 
39 #include <sys/cdefs.h>
40 __FBSDID("$FreeBSD$");
41 
42 #include <sys/param.h>
43 #include <sys/socket.h>
44 #include <sys/time.h>
45 #include <netinet/in.h>
46 #include <arpa/inet.h>
47 
48 #include <login_cap.h>
49 #include <netdb.h>
50 #include <pwd.h>
51 #include <stdlib.h>
52 #include <string.h>
53 #include <stdio.h>
54 #include <syslog.h>
55 #include <time.h>
56 #include <unistd.h>
57 
58 #include <libutil.h>
59 
60 #ifdef YP
61 #include <ypclnt.h>
62 #endif
63 
64 #define PAM_SM_AUTH
65 #define PAM_SM_ACCOUNT
66 #define	PAM_SM_PASSWORD
67 
68 #include <security/pam_appl.h>
69 #include <security/pam_modules.h>
70 #include <security/pam_mod_misc.h>
71 
72 #define PASSWORD_HASH		"md5"
73 #define DEFAULT_WARN		(2L * 7L * 86400L)  /* Two weeks */
74 #define	SALTSIZE		32
75 
76 #define	LOCKED_PREFIX		"*LOCKED*"
77 #define	LOCKED_PREFIX_LEN	(sizeof(LOCKED_PREFIX) - 1)
78 
79 static void makesalt(char []);
80 
81 static char password_hash[] =		PASSWORD_HASH;
82 
83 #define PAM_OPT_LOCAL_PASS	"local_pass"
84 #define PAM_OPT_NIS_PASS	"nis_pass"
85 
86 /*
87  * authentication management
88  */
89 PAM_EXTERN int
90 pam_sm_authenticate(pam_handle_t *pamh, int flags __unused,
91     int argc __unused, const char *argv[] __unused)
92 {
93 	login_cap_t *lc;
94 	struct passwd *pwd;
95 	int retval;
96 	const char *pass, *user, *realpw, *prompt;
97 
98 	if (openpam_get_option(pamh, PAM_OPT_AUTH_AS_SELF)) {
99 		user = getlogin();
100 	} else {
101 		retval = pam_get_user(pamh, &user, NULL);
102 		if (retval != PAM_SUCCESS)
103 			return (retval);
104 	}
105 	pwd = getpwnam(user);
106 
107 	PAM_LOG("Got user: %s", user);
108 
109 	if (pwd != NULL) {
110 		PAM_LOG("Doing real authentication");
111 		realpw = pwd->pw_passwd;
112 		if (realpw[0] == '\0') {
113 			if (!(flags & PAM_DISALLOW_NULL_AUTHTOK) &&
114 			    openpam_get_option(pamh, PAM_OPT_NULLOK))
115 				return (PAM_SUCCESS);
116 			PAM_LOG("Password is empty, using fake password");
117 			realpw = "*";
118 		}
119 		lc = login_getpwclass(pwd);
120 	} else {
121 		PAM_LOG("Doing dummy authentication");
122 		realpw = "*";
123 		lc = login_getclass(NULL);
124 	}
125 	prompt = login_getcapstr(lc, "passwd_prompt", NULL, NULL);
126 	retval = pam_get_authtok(pamh, PAM_AUTHTOK, &pass, prompt);
127 	login_close(lc);
128 	if (retval != PAM_SUCCESS)
129 		return (retval);
130 	PAM_LOG("Got password");
131 	if (strnlen(pass, _PASSWORD_LEN + 1) > _PASSWORD_LEN) {
132 		PAM_LOG("Password is too long, using fake password");
133 		realpw = "*";
134 	}
135 	if (strcmp(crypt(pass, realpw), realpw) == 0)
136 		return (PAM_SUCCESS);
137 
138 	PAM_VERBOSE_ERROR("UNIX authentication refused");
139 	return (PAM_AUTH_ERR);
140 }
141 
142 PAM_EXTERN int
143 pam_sm_setcred(pam_handle_t *pamh __unused, int flags __unused,
144     int argc __unused, const char *argv[] __unused)
145 {
146 
147 	return (PAM_SUCCESS);
148 }
149 
150 /*
151  * account management
152  */
153 PAM_EXTERN int
154 pam_sm_acct_mgmt(pam_handle_t *pamh, int flags __unused,
155     int argc __unused, const char *argv[] __unused)
156 {
157 	struct addrinfo hints, *res;
158 	struct passwd *pwd;
159 	struct timeval tp;
160 	login_cap_t *lc;
161 	time_t warntime;
162 	int retval;
163 	const char *user;
164 	const void *rhost, *tty;
165 	char rhostip[MAXHOSTNAMELEN] = "";
166 
167 	retval = pam_get_user(pamh, &user, NULL);
168 	if (retval != PAM_SUCCESS)
169 		return (retval);
170 
171 	if (user == NULL || (pwd = getpwnam(user)) == NULL)
172 		return (PAM_SERVICE_ERR);
173 
174 	PAM_LOG("Got user: %s", user);
175 
176 	retval = pam_get_item(pamh, PAM_RHOST, &rhost);
177 	if (retval != PAM_SUCCESS)
178 		return (retval);
179 
180 	retval = pam_get_item(pamh, PAM_TTY, &tty);
181 	if (retval != PAM_SUCCESS)
182 		return (retval);
183 
184 	if (*pwd->pw_passwd == '\0' &&
185 	    (flags & PAM_DISALLOW_NULL_AUTHTOK) != 0)
186 		return (PAM_NEW_AUTHTOK_REQD);
187 
188 	if (strncmp(pwd->pw_passwd, LOCKED_PREFIX, LOCKED_PREFIX_LEN) == 0)
189 		return (PAM_AUTH_ERR);
190 
191 	lc = login_getpwclass(pwd);
192 	if (lc == NULL) {
193 		PAM_LOG("Unable to get login class for user %s", user);
194 		return (PAM_SERVICE_ERR);
195 	}
196 
197 	PAM_LOG("Got login_cap");
198 
199 	if (pwd->pw_change || pwd->pw_expire)
200 		gettimeofday(&tp, NULL);
201 
202 	/*
203 	 * Check pw_expire before pw_change - no point in letting the
204 	 * user change the password on an expired account.
205 	 */
206 
207 	if (pwd->pw_expire) {
208 		warntime = login_getcaptime(lc, "warnexpire",
209 		    DEFAULT_WARN, DEFAULT_WARN);
210 		if (tp.tv_sec >= pwd->pw_expire) {
211 			login_close(lc);
212 			return (PAM_ACCT_EXPIRED);
213 		} else if (pwd->pw_expire - tp.tv_sec < warntime &&
214 		    (flags & PAM_SILENT) == 0) {
215 			pam_error(pamh, "Warning: your account expires on %s",
216 			    ctime(&pwd->pw_expire));
217 		}
218 	}
219 
220 	retval = PAM_SUCCESS;
221 	if (pwd->pw_change) {
222 		warntime = login_getcaptime(lc, "warnpassword",
223 		    DEFAULT_WARN, DEFAULT_WARN);
224 		if (tp.tv_sec >= pwd->pw_change) {
225 			retval = PAM_NEW_AUTHTOK_REQD;
226 		} else if (pwd->pw_change - tp.tv_sec < warntime &&
227 		    (flags & PAM_SILENT) == 0) {
228 			pam_error(pamh, "Warning: your password expires on %s",
229 			    ctime(&pwd->pw_change));
230 		}
231 	}
232 
233 	/*
234 	 * From here on, we must leave retval untouched (unless we
235 	 * know we're going to fail), because we need to remember
236 	 * whether we're supposed to return PAM_SUCCESS or
237 	 * PAM_NEW_AUTHTOK_REQD.
238 	 */
239 
240 	if (rhost && *(const char *)rhost != '\0') {
241 		memset(&hints, 0, sizeof(hints));
242 		hints.ai_family = AF_UNSPEC;
243 		if (getaddrinfo(rhost, NULL, &hints, &res) == 0) {
244 			getnameinfo(res->ai_addr, res->ai_addrlen,
245 			    rhostip, sizeof(rhostip), NULL, 0,
246 			    NI_NUMERICHOST);
247 		}
248 		if (res != NULL)
249 			freeaddrinfo(res);
250 	}
251 
252 	/*
253 	 * Check host / tty / time-of-day restrictions
254 	 */
255 
256 	if (!auth_hostok(lc, rhost, rhostip) ||
257 	    !auth_ttyok(lc, tty) ||
258 	    !auth_timeok(lc, time(NULL)))
259 		retval = PAM_AUTH_ERR;
260 
261 	login_close(lc);
262 
263 	return (retval);
264 }
265 
266 /*
267  * password management
268  *
269  * standard Unix and NIS password changing
270  */
271 PAM_EXTERN int
272 pam_sm_chauthtok(pam_handle_t *pamh, int flags,
273     int argc __unused, const char *argv[] __unused)
274 {
275 #ifdef YP
276 	struct ypclnt *ypclnt;
277 	const void *yp_domain, *yp_server;
278 #endif
279 	char salt[SALTSIZE + 1];
280 	login_cap_t *lc;
281 	struct passwd *pwd, *old_pwd;
282 	const char *user, *old_pass, *new_pass;
283 	char *encrypted;
284 	time_t passwordtime;
285 	int pfd, tfd, retval;
286 
287 	if (openpam_get_option(pamh, PAM_OPT_AUTH_AS_SELF))
288 		user = getlogin();
289 	else {
290 		retval = pam_get_user(pamh, &user, NULL);
291 		if (retval != PAM_SUCCESS)
292 			return (retval);
293 	}
294 	pwd = getpwnam(user);
295 
296 	if (pwd == NULL)
297 		return (PAM_AUTHTOK_RECOVERY_ERR);
298 
299 	PAM_LOG("Got user: %s", user);
300 
301 	if (flags & PAM_PRELIM_CHECK) {
302 
303 		PAM_LOG("PRELIM round");
304 
305 		if (getuid() == 0 &&
306 		    (pwd->pw_fields & _PWF_SOURCE) == _PWF_FILES)
307 			/* root doesn't need the old password */
308 			return (pam_set_item(pamh, PAM_OLDAUTHTOK, ""));
309 #ifdef YP
310 		if (getuid() == 0 &&
311 		    (pwd->pw_fields & _PWF_SOURCE) == _PWF_NIS) {
312 
313 			yp_domain = yp_server = NULL;
314 			(void)pam_get_data(pamh, "yp_domain", &yp_domain);
315 			(void)pam_get_data(pamh, "yp_server", &yp_server);
316 
317 			ypclnt = ypclnt_new(yp_domain, "passwd.byname", yp_server);
318 			if (ypclnt == NULL)
319 				return (PAM_BUF_ERR);
320 
321 			if (ypclnt_connect(ypclnt) == -1) {
322 				ypclnt_free(ypclnt);
323 				return (PAM_SERVICE_ERR);
324 			}
325 
326 			retval = ypclnt_havepasswdd(ypclnt);
327 			ypclnt_free(ypclnt);
328 			if (retval == 1)
329 				return (pam_set_item(pamh, PAM_OLDAUTHTOK, ""));
330 			else if (retval == -1)
331 				return (PAM_SERVICE_ERR);
332 		}
333 #endif
334 		if (pwd->pw_passwd[0] == '\0'
335 		    && openpam_get_option(pamh, PAM_OPT_NULLOK)) {
336 			/*
337 			 * No password case. XXX Are we giving too much away
338 			 * by not prompting for a password?
339 			 * XXX check PAM_DISALLOW_NULL_AUTHTOK
340 			 */
341 			old_pass = "";
342 			retval = PAM_SUCCESS;
343 		} else {
344 			retval = pam_get_authtok(pamh,
345 			    PAM_OLDAUTHTOK, &old_pass, NULL);
346 			if (retval != PAM_SUCCESS)
347 				return (retval);
348 		}
349 		PAM_LOG("Got old password");
350 		/* always encrypt first */
351 		encrypted = crypt(old_pass, pwd->pw_passwd);
352 		if (old_pass[0] == '\0' &&
353 		    !openpam_get_option(pamh, PAM_OPT_NULLOK))
354 			return (PAM_PERM_DENIED);
355 		if (strcmp(encrypted, pwd->pw_passwd) != 0)
356 			return (PAM_PERM_DENIED);
357 	}
358 	else if (flags & PAM_UPDATE_AUTHTOK) {
359 		PAM_LOG("UPDATE round");
360 
361 		retval = pam_get_authtok(pamh,
362 		    PAM_OLDAUTHTOK, &old_pass, NULL);
363 		if (retval != PAM_SUCCESS)
364 			return (retval);
365 		PAM_LOG("Got old password");
366 
367 		/* get new password */
368 		for (;;) {
369 			retval = pam_get_authtok(pamh,
370 			    PAM_AUTHTOK, &new_pass, NULL);
371 			if (retval != PAM_TRY_AGAIN)
372 				break;
373 			pam_error(pamh, "Mismatch; try again, EOF to quit.");
374 		}
375 		PAM_LOG("Got new password");
376 		if (retval != PAM_SUCCESS) {
377 			PAM_VERBOSE_ERROR("Unable to get new password");
378 			return (retval);
379 		}
380 
381 		if (getuid() != 0 && new_pass[0] == '\0' &&
382 		    !openpam_get_option(pamh, PAM_OPT_NULLOK))
383 			return (PAM_PERM_DENIED);
384 
385 		if ((old_pwd = pw_dup(pwd)) == NULL)
386 			return (PAM_BUF_ERR);
387 
388 		lc = login_getclass(pwd->pw_class);
389 		if (login_setcryptfmt(lc, password_hash, NULL) == NULL)
390 			openpam_log(PAM_LOG_ERROR,
391 			    "can't set password cipher, relying on default");
392 
393 		/* set password expiry date */
394 		pwd->pw_change = 0;
395 		passwordtime = login_getcaptime(lc, "passwordtime", 0, 0);
396 		if (passwordtime > 0)
397 			pwd->pw_change = time(NULL) + passwordtime;
398 
399 		login_close(lc);
400 		makesalt(salt);
401 		pwd->pw_passwd = crypt(new_pass, salt);
402 #ifdef YP
403 		switch (old_pwd->pw_fields & _PWF_SOURCE) {
404 		case _PWF_FILES:
405 #endif
406 			retval = PAM_SERVICE_ERR;
407 			if (pw_init(NULL, NULL))
408 				openpam_log(PAM_LOG_ERROR, "pw_init() failed");
409 			else if ((pfd = pw_lock()) == -1)
410 				openpam_log(PAM_LOG_ERROR, "pw_lock() failed");
411 			else if ((tfd = pw_tmp(-1)) == -1)
412 				openpam_log(PAM_LOG_ERROR, "pw_tmp() failed");
413 			else if (pw_copy(pfd, tfd, pwd, old_pwd) == -1)
414 				openpam_log(PAM_LOG_ERROR, "pw_copy() failed");
415 			else if (pw_mkdb(pwd->pw_name) == -1)
416 				openpam_log(PAM_LOG_ERROR, "pw_mkdb() failed");
417 			else
418 				retval = PAM_SUCCESS;
419 			pw_fini();
420 #ifdef YP
421 			break;
422 		case _PWF_NIS:
423 			yp_domain = yp_server = NULL;
424 			(void)pam_get_data(pamh, "yp_domain", &yp_domain);
425 			(void)pam_get_data(pamh, "yp_server", &yp_server);
426 			ypclnt = ypclnt_new(yp_domain,
427 			    "passwd.byname", yp_server);
428 			if (ypclnt == NULL) {
429 				retval = PAM_BUF_ERR;
430 			} else if (ypclnt_connect(ypclnt) == -1 ||
431 			    ypclnt_passwd(ypclnt, pwd, old_pass) == -1) {
432 				openpam_log(PAM_LOG_ERROR, "%s", ypclnt->error);
433 				retval = PAM_SERVICE_ERR;
434 			} else {
435 				retval = PAM_SUCCESS;
436 			}
437 			ypclnt_free(ypclnt);
438 			break;
439 		default:
440 			openpam_log(PAM_LOG_ERROR, "unsupported source 0x%x",
441 			    pwd->pw_fields & _PWF_SOURCE);
442 			retval = PAM_SERVICE_ERR;
443 		}
444 #endif
445 		free(old_pwd);
446 	}
447 	else {
448 		/* Very bad juju */
449 		retval = PAM_ABORT;
450 		PAM_LOG("Illegal 'flags'");
451 	}
452 
453 	return (retval);
454 }
455 
456 /* Mostly stolen from passwd(1)'s local_passwd.c - markm */
457 
458 static unsigned char itoa64[] =		/* 0 ... 63 => ascii - 64 */
459 	"./0123456789ABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRSTUVWXYZabcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyz";
460 
461 static void
462 to64(char *s, long v, int n)
463 {
464 	while (--n >= 0) {
465 		*s++ = itoa64[v&0x3f];
466 		v >>= 6;
467 	}
468 }
469 
470 /* Salt suitable for traditional DES and MD5 */
471 static void
472 makesalt(char salt[SALTSIZE + 1])
473 {
474 	int i;
475 
476 	/* These are not really random numbers, they are just
477 	 * numbers that change to thwart construction of a
478 	 * dictionary.
479 	 */
480 	for (i = 0; i < SALTSIZE; i += 4)
481 		to64(&salt[i], arc4random(), 4);
482 	salt[SALTSIZE] = '\0';
483 }
484 
485 PAM_MODULE_ENTRY("pam_unix");
486