xref: /freebsd/lib/libkvm/kvm_minidump_i386.c (revision 123af6ec70016f5556da5972d4d63c7d175c06d3)
1 /*-
2  * SPDX-License-Identifier: BSD-2-Clause-FreeBSD
3  *
4  * Copyright (c) 2006 Peter Wemm
5  *
6  * Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
7  * modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions
8  * are met:
9  * 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
10  *    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
11  * 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright
12  *    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the
13  *    documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
14  *
15  * THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE AUTHOR AND CONTRIBUTORS ``AS IS'' AND
16  * ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE
17  * IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE
18  * ARE DISCLAIMED.  IN NO EVENT SHALL THE AUTHOR OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE
19  * FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL
20  * DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS
21  * OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION)
22  * HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT
23  * LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY
24  * OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF
25  * SUCH DAMAGE.
26  */
27 
28 #include <sys/cdefs.h>
29 __FBSDID("$FreeBSD$");
30 
31 /*
32  * i386 machine dependent routines for kvm and minidumps.
33  */
34 
35 #include <sys/param.h>
36 #include <sys/endian.h>
37 #include <stdint.h>
38 #include <stdlib.h>
39 #include <string.h>
40 #include <unistd.h>
41 #include <vm/vm.h>
42 #include <kvm.h>
43 
44 #include "../../sys/i386/include/minidump.h"
45 
46 #include <limits.h>
47 
48 #include "kvm_private.h"
49 #include "kvm_i386.h"
50 
51 #define	i386_round_page(x)	roundup2((kvaddr_t)(x), I386_PAGE_SIZE)
52 
53 struct vmstate {
54 	struct minidumphdr hdr;
55 };
56 
57 static i386_pte_pae_t
58 _i386_pte_pae_get(kvm_t *kd, u_long pteindex)
59 {
60 	i386_pte_pae_t *pte = _kvm_pmap_get(kd, pteindex, sizeof(*pte));
61 
62 	return le64toh(*pte);
63 }
64 
65 static i386_pte_t
66 _i386_pte_get(kvm_t *kd, u_long pteindex)
67 {
68 	i386_pte_t *pte = _kvm_pmap_get(kd, pteindex, sizeof(*pte));
69 
70 	return le32toh(*pte);
71 }
72 
73 static int
74 _i386_minidump_probe(kvm_t *kd)
75 {
76 
77 	return (_kvm_probe_elf_kernel(kd, ELFCLASS32, EM_386) &&
78 	    _kvm_is_minidump(kd));
79 }
80 
81 static void
82 _i386_minidump_freevtop(kvm_t *kd)
83 {
84 	struct vmstate *vm = kd->vmst;
85 
86 	free(vm);
87 	kd->vmst = NULL;
88 }
89 
90 static int
91 _i386_minidump_initvtop(kvm_t *kd)
92 {
93 	struct vmstate *vmst;
94 	off_t off, sparse_off;
95 
96 	vmst = _kvm_malloc(kd, sizeof(*vmst));
97 	if (vmst == NULL) {
98 		_kvm_err(kd, kd->program, "cannot allocate vm");
99 		return (-1);
100 	}
101 	kd->vmst = vmst;
102 	if (pread(kd->pmfd, &vmst->hdr, sizeof(vmst->hdr), 0) !=
103 	    sizeof(vmst->hdr)) {
104 		_kvm_err(kd, kd->program, "cannot read dump header");
105 		return (-1);
106 	}
107 	if (strncmp(MINIDUMP_MAGIC, vmst->hdr.magic, sizeof(vmst->hdr.magic)) != 0) {
108 		_kvm_err(kd, kd->program, "not a minidump for this platform");
109 		return (-1);
110 	}
111 	vmst->hdr.version = le32toh(vmst->hdr.version);
112 	if (vmst->hdr.version != MINIDUMP_VERSION) {
113 		_kvm_err(kd, kd->program, "wrong minidump version. expected %d got %d",
114 		    MINIDUMP_VERSION, vmst->hdr.version);
115 		return (-1);
116 	}
117 	vmst->hdr.msgbufsize = le32toh(vmst->hdr.msgbufsize);
118 	vmst->hdr.bitmapsize = le32toh(vmst->hdr.bitmapsize);
119 	vmst->hdr.ptesize = le32toh(vmst->hdr.ptesize);
120 	vmst->hdr.kernbase = le32toh(vmst->hdr.kernbase);
121 	vmst->hdr.paemode = le32toh(vmst->hdr.paemode);
122 
123 	/* Skip header and msgbuf */
124 	off = I386_PAGE_SIZE + i386_round_page(vmst->hdr.msgbufsize);
125 
126 	sparse_off = off + i386_round_page(vmst->hdr.bitmapsize) +
127 	    i386_round_page(vmst->hdr.ptesize);
128 	if (_kvm_pt_init(kd, vmst->hdr.bitmapsize, off, sparse_off,
129 	    I386_PAGE_SIZE, sizeof(uint32_t)) == -1) {
130 		return (-1);
131 	}
132 	off += i386_round_page(vmst->hdr.bitmapsize);
133 
134 	if (_kvm_pmap_init(kd, vmst->hdr.ptesize, off) == -1) {
135 		return (-1);
136 	}
137 	off += i386_round_page(vmst->hdr.ptesize);
138 
139 	return (0);
140 }
141 
142 static int
143 _i386_minidump_vatop_pae(kvm_t *kd, kvaddr_t va, off_t *pa)
144 {
145 	struct vmstate *vm;
146 	i386_physaddr_pae_t offset;
147 	i386_pte_pae_t pte;
148 	kvaddr_t pteindex;
149 	i386_physaddr_pae_t a;
150 	off_t ofs;
151 
152 	vm = kd->vmst;
153 	offset = va & I386_PAGE_MASK;
154 
155 	if (va >= vm->hdr.kernbase) {
156 		pteindex = (va - vm->hdr.kernbase) >> I386_PAGE_SHIFT;
157 		if (pteindex >= vm->hdr.ptesize / sizeof(pte))
158 			goto invalid;
159 		pte = _i386_pte_pae_get(kd, pteindex);
160 		if ((pte & I386_PG_V) == 0) {
161 			_kvm_err(kd, kd->program,
162 			    "_i386_minidump_vatop_pae: pte not valid");
163 			goto invalid;
164 		}
165 		a = pte & I386_PG_FRAME_PAE;
166 		ofs = _kvm_pt_find(kd, a, I386_PAGE_SIZE);
167 		if (ofs == -1) {
168 			_kvm_err(kd, kd->program,
169 	    "_i386_minidump_vatop_pae: physical address 0x%jx not in minidump",
170 			    (uintmax_t)a);
171 			goto invalid;
172 		}
173 		*pa = ofs + offset;
174 		return (I386_PAGE_SIZE - offset);
175 	} else {
176 		_kvm_err(kd, kd->program,
177 	    "_i386_minidump_vatop_pae: virtual address 0x%jx not minidumped",
178 		    (uintmax_t)va);
179 		goto invalid;
180 	}
181 
182 invalid:
183 	_kvm_err(kd, 0, "invalid address (0x%jx)", (uintmax_t)va);
184 	return (0);
185 }
186 
187 static int
188 _i386_minidump_vatop(kvm_t *kd, kvaddr_t va, off_t *pa)
189 {
190 	struct vmstate *vm;
191 	i386_physaddr_t offset;
192 	i386_pte_t pte;
193 	kvaddr_t pteindex;
194 	i386_physaddr_t a;
195 	off_t ofs;
196 
197 	vm = kd->vmst;
198 	offset = va & I386_PAGE_MASK;
199 
200 	if (va >= vm->hdr.kernbase) {
201 		pteindex = (va - vm->hdr.kernbase) >> I386_PAGE_SHIFT;
202 		if (pteindex >= vm->hdr.ptesize / sizeof(pte))
203 			goto invalid;
204 		pte = _i386_pte_get(kd, pteindex);
205 		if ((pte & I386_PG_V) == 0) {
206 			_kvm_err(kd, kd->program,
207 			    "_i386_minidump_vatop: pte not valid");
208 			goto invalid;
209 		}
210 		a = pte & I386_PG_FRAME;
211 		ofs = _kvm_pt_find(kd, a, I386_PAGE_SIZE);
212 		if (ofs == -1) {
213 			_kvm_err(kd, kd->program,
214 	    "_i386_minidump_vatop: physical address 0x%jx not in minidump",
215 			    (uintmax_t)a);
216 			goto invalid;
217 		}
218 		*pa = ofs + offset;
219 		return (I386_PAGE_SIZE - offset);
220 	} else {
221 		_kvm_err(kd, kd->program,
222 	    "_i386_minidump_vatop: virtual address 0x%jx not minidumped",
223 		    (uintmax_t)va);
224 		goto invalid;
225 	}
226 
227 invalid:
228 	_kvm_err(kd, 0, "invalid address (0x%jx)", (uintmax_t)va);
229 	return (0);
230 }
231 
232 static int
233 _i386_minidump_kvatop(kvm_t *kd, kvaddr_t va, off_t *pa)
234 {
235 
236 	if (ISALIVE(kd)) {
237 		_kvm_err(kd, 0, "_i386_minidump_kvatop called in live kernel!");
238 		return (0);
239 	}
240 	if (kd->vmst->hdr.paemode)
241 		return (_i386_minidump_vatop_pae(kd, va, pa));
242 	else
243 		return (_i386_minidump_vatop(kd, va, pa));
244 }
245 
246 static vm_prot_t
247 _i386_entry_to_prot(uint64_t pte)
248 {
249 	vm_prot_t prot = VM_PROT_READ;
250 
251 	/* Source: i386/pmap.c:pmap_protect() */
252 	if (pte & I386_PG_RW)
253 		prot |= VM_PROT_WRITE;
254 	if ((pte & I386_PG_NX) == 0)
255 		prot |= VM_PROT_EXECUTE;
256 
257 	return prot;
258 }
259 
260 struct i386_iter {
261 	kvm_t *kd;
262 	u_long nptes;
263 	u_long pteindex;
264 };
265 
266 static void
267 _i386_iterator_init(struct i386_iter *it, kvm_t *kd)
268 {
269 	struct vmstate *vm = kd->vmst;
270 
271 	it->kd = kd;
272 	it->pteindex = 0;
273 	if (vm->hdr.paemode) {
274 		it->nptes = vm->hdr.ptesize / sizeof(i386_pte_pae_t);
275 	} else {
276 		it->nptes = vm->hdr.ptesize / sizeof(i386_pte_t);
277 	}
278 	return;
279 }
280 
281 static int
282 _i386_iterator_next(struct i386_iter *it, u_long *pa, u_long *va, u_long *dva,
283     vm_prot_t *prot)
284 {
285 	struct vmstate *vm = it->kd->vmst;
286 	i386_pte_t pte32;
287 	i386_pte_pae_t pte64;
288 	int found = 0;
289 
290 	*dva = 0;
291 	*pa = 0;
292 	*va = 0;
293 	*dva = 0;
294 	*prot = 0;
295 	for (; it->pteindex < it->nptes && found == 0; it->pteindex++) {
296 		if (vm->hdr.paemode) {
297 			pte64 = _i386_pte_pae_get(it->kd, it->pteindex);
298 			if ((pte64 & I386_PG_V) == 0)
299 				continue;
300 			*prot = _i386_entry_to_prot(pte64);
301 			*pa = pte64 & I386_PG_FRAME_PAE;
302 		} else {
303 			pte32 = _i386_pte_get(it->kd, it->pteindex);
304 			if ((pte32 & I386_PG_V) == 0)
305 				continue;
306 			*prot = _i386_entry_to_prot(pte32);
307 			*pa = pte32 & I386_PG_FRAME;
308 		}
309 		*va = vm->hdr.kernbase + (it->pteindex << I386_PAGE_SHIFT);
310 		found = 1;
311 	}
312 	return found;
313 }
314 
315 static int
316 _i386_minidump_walk_pages(kvm_t *kd, kvm_walk_pages_cb_t *cb, void *arg)
317 {
318 	struct i386_iter it;
319 	u_long dva, pa, va;
320 	vm_prot_t prot;
321 
322 	_i386_iterator_init(&it, kd);
323 	while (_i386_iterator_next(&it, &pa, &va, &dva, &prot)) {
324 		if (!_kvm_visit_cb(kd, cb, arg, pa, va, dva,
325 		    prot, I386_PAGE_SIZE, 0)) {
326 			return (0);
327 		}
328 	}
329 	return (1);
330 }
331 
332 static struct kvm_arch kvm_i386_minidump = {
333 	.ka_probe = _i386_minidump_probe,
334 	.ka_initvtop = _i386_minidump_initvtop,
335 	.ka_freevtop = _i386_minidump_freevtop,
336 	.ka_kvatop = _i386_minidump_kvatop,
337 	.ka_native = _i386_native,
338 	.ka_walk_pages = _i386_minidump_walk_pages,
339 };
340 
341 KVM_ARCH(kvm_i386_minidump);
342