xref: /freebsd/lib/libcalendar/calendar.c (revision 306a501f3520479370df138f56bb5ef612944c59)
1306a501fSWolfgang Helbig /*-
2306a501fSWolfgang Helbig  * Copyright (c) 1997 Wolfgang Helbig
3306a501fSWolfgang Helbig  * All rights reserved.
4306a501fSWolfgang Helbig  *
5306a501fSWolfgang Helbig  * Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
6306a501fSWolfgang Helbig  * modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions
7306a501fSWolfgang Helbig  * are met:
8306a501fSWolfgang Helbig  * 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
9306a501fSWolfgang Helbig  *    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
10306a501fSWolfgang Helbig  * 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright
11306a501fSWolfgang Helbig  *    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the
12306a501fSWolfgang Helbig  *    documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
13306a501fSWolfgang Helbig  *
14306a501fSWolfgang Helbig  * THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE AUTHOR AND CONTRIBUTORS ``AS IS'' AND
15306a501fSWolfgang Helbig  * ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE
16306a501fSWolfgang Helbig  * IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE
17306a501fSWolfgang Helbig  * ARE DISCLAIMED.  IN NO EVENT SHALL THE AUTHOR OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE
18306a501fSWolfgang Helbig  * FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL
19306a501fSWolfgang Helbig  * DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS
20306a501fSWolfgang Helbig  * OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION)
21306a501fSWolfgang Helbig  * HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT
22306a501fSWolfgang Helbig  * LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY
23306a501fSWolfgang Helbig  * OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF
24306a501fSWolfgang Helbig  * SUCH DAMAGE.
25306a501fSWolfgang Helbig  *
26306a501fSWolfgang Helbig  *	$Id$
27306a501fSWolfgang Helbig  */
28306a501fSWolfgang Helbig 
29306a501fSWolfgang Helbig #include "calendar.h"
30306a501fSWolfgang Helbig 
31306a501fSWolfgang Helbig #ifndef NULL
32306a501fSWolfgang Helbig #define NULL 0
33306a501fSWolfgang Helbig #endif
34306a501fSWolfgang Helbig 
35306a501fSWolfgang Helbig /*
36306a501fSWolfgang Helbig  * For each month tabulate the number of days elapsed in a year before the
37306a501fSWolfgang Helbig  * month. This assumes the internal date representation, where a year
38306a501fSWolfgang Helbig  * starts on March 1st. So we don't need a special table for leap years.
39306a501fSWolfgang Helbig  * But we do need a special table for the year 1582, since 10 days are
40306a501fSWolfgang Helbig  * deleted in October. This is month1s for the switch from Julian to
41306a501fSWolfgang Helbig  * Gregorian calendar.
42306a501fSWolfgang Helbig  */
43306a501fSWolfgang Helbig static int const month1[] =
44306a501fSWolfgang Helbig     {0, 31, 61, 92, 122, 153, 184, 214, 245, 275, 306, 337};
45306a501fSWolfgang Helbig    /*  M   A   M   J    J    A    S    O    N    D    J */
46306a501fSWolfgang Helbig static int const month1s[]=
47306a501fSWolfgang Helbig     {0, 31, 61, 92, 122, 153, 184, 214, 235, 265, 296, 327};
48306a501fSWolfgang Helbig 
49306a501fSWolfgang Helbig /* The last day of Julian calendar, in internal and ndays representation */
50306a501fSWolfgang Helbig static int nswitch;	/* The last day of Julian calendar */
51306a501fSWolfgang Helbig static date jiswitch = {1582, 7, 3};
52306a501fSWolfgang Helbig 
53306a501fSWolfgang Helbig static date	*date2idt(date *idt, date *dt);
54306a501fSWolfgang Helbig static date	*idt2date(date *dt, date *idt);
55306a501fSWolfgang Helbig static int	 ndaysji(date *idt);
56306a501fSWolfgang Helbig static int	 ndaysgi(date *idt);
57306a501fSWolfgang Helbig static int	 firstweek(int year);
58306a501fSWolfgang Helbig 
59306a501fSWolfgang Helbig /*
60306a501fSWolfgang Helbig  * Compute the Julian date from the number of days elapsed since
61306a501fSWolfgang Helbig  * March 1st of year zero.
62306a501fSWolfgang Helbig  */
63306a501fSWolfgang Helbig date *
64306a501fSWolfgang Helbig jdate(int ndays, date *dt)
65306a501fSWolfgang Helbig {
66306a501fSWolfgang Helbig 	date    idt;		/* Internal date representation */
67306a501fSWolfgang Helbig 	int     r;		/* hold the rest of days */
68306a501fSWolfgang Helbig 
69306a501fSWolfgang Helbig 	/*
70306a501fSWolfgang Helbig 	 * Compute the year by starting with an approximation not smaller
71306a501fSWolfgang Helbig 	 * than the answer and using linear search for the greatest
72306a501fSWolfgang Helbig 	 * year which does not begin after ndays.
73306a501fSWolfgang Helbig 	 */
74306a501fSWolfgang Helbig 	idt.y = ndays / 365;
75306a501fSWolfgang Helbig 	idt.m = 0;
76306a501fSWolfgang Helbig 	idt.d = 0;
77306a501fSWolfgang Helbig 	while ((r = ndaysji(&idt)) > ndays)
78306a501fSWolfgang Helbig 		idt.y--;
79306a501fSWolfgang Helbig 
80306a501fSWolfgang Helbig 	/*
81306a501fSWolfgang Helbig 	 * Set r to the days left in the year and compute the month by
82306a501fSWolfgang Helbig 	 * linear search as the largest month that does not begin after r
83306a501fSWolfgang Helbig 	 * days.
84306a501fSWolfgang Helbig 	 */
85306a501fSWolfgang Helbig 	r = ndays - r;
86306a501fSWolfgang Helbig 	for (idt.m = 11; month1[idt.m] > r; idt.m--)
87306a501fSWolfgang Helbig 		;
88306a501fSWolfgang Helbig 
89306a501fSWolfgang Helbig 	/* Compute the days left in the month */
90306a501fSWolfgang Helbig 	idt.d = r - month1[idt.m];
91306a501fSWolfgang Helbig 
92306a501fSWolfgang Helbig 	/* return external representation of the date */
93306a501fSWolfgang Helbig 	return (idt2date(dt, &idt));
94306a501fSWolfgang Helbig }
95306a501fSWolfgang Helbig 
96306a501fSWolfgang Helbig /*
97306a501fSWolfgang Helbig  * Return the number of days since March 1st of the year zero.
98306a501fSWolfgang Helbig  * The date is given according to Julian calendar.
99306a501fSWolfgang Helbig  */
100306a501fSWolfgang Helbig int
101306a501fSWolfgang Helbig ndaysj(date *dt)
102306a501fSWolfgang Helbig {
103306a501fSWolfgang Helbig 	date    idt;		/* Internal date representation */
104306a501fSWolfgang Helbig 
105306a501fSWolfgang Helbig 	if (date2idt(&idt, dt) == NULL)
106306a501fSWolfgang Helbig 		return (-1);
107306a501fSWolfgang Helbig 	else
108306a501fSWolfgang Helbig 		return (ndaysji(&idt));
109306a501fSWolfgang Helbig }
110306a501fSWolfgang Helbig 
111306a501fSWolfgang Helbig /*
112306a501fSWolfgang Helbig  * Same as above, where the Julian date is given in internal notation.
113306a501fSWolfgang Helbig  * This formula shows the beauty of this notation.
114306a501fSWolfgang Helbig  */
115306a501fSWolfgang Helbig static int
116306a501fSWolfgang Helbig ndaysji(date * idt)
117306a501fSWolfgang Helbig {
118306a501fSWolfgang Helbig 
119306a501fSWolfgang Helbig 	return (idt->d + month1[idt->m] + idt->y * 365 + idt->y / 4);
120306a501fSWolfgang Helbig }
121306a501fSWolfgang Helbig 
122306a501fSWolfgang Helbig /*
123306a501fSWolfgang Helbig  * Compute the date according to the Gregorian calendar from the number of
124306a501fSWolfgang Helbig  * days since March 1st, year zero. The date computed will be Julian if it
125306a501fSWolfgang Helbig  * is older than 1582-10-05. This is the reverse of the function ndaysg().
126306a501fSWolfgang Helbig  */
127306a501fSWolfgang Helbig date   *
128306a501fSWolfgang Helbig gdate(int ndays, date *dt)
129306a501fSWolfgang Helbig {
130306a501fSWolfgang Helbig 	int const *montht;	/* month-table */
131306a501fSWolfgang Helbig 	date    idt;		/* for internal date representation */
132306a501fSWolfgang Helbig 	int     r;		/* holds the rest of days */
133306a501fSWolfgang Helbig 
134306a501fSWolfgang Helbig 	/*
135306a501fSWolfgang Helbig 	 * Compute the year by starting with an approximation not smaller
136306a501fSWolfgang Helbig 	 * than the answer and search linearly for the greatest year not
137306a501fSWolfgang Helbig 	 * starting after ndays.
138306a501fSWolfgang Helbig 	 */
139306a501fSWolfgang Helbig 	idt.y = ndays / 365;
140306a501fSWolfgang Helbig 	idt.m = 0;
141306a501fSWolfgang Helbig 	idt.d = 0;
142306a501fSWolfgang Helbig 	while ((r = ndaysgi(&idt)) > ndays)
143306a501fSWolfgang Helbig 		idt.y--;
144306a501fSWolfgang Helbig 
145306a501fSWolfgang Helbig 	/*
146306a501fSWolfgang Helbig 	 * Set ndays to the number of days left and compute by linear
147306a501fSWolfgang Helbig 	 * search the greatest month which does not start after ndays. We
148306a501fSWolfgang Helbig 	 * use the table month1 which provides for each month the number
149306a501fSWolfgang Helbig 	 * of days that elapsed in the year before that month. Here the
150306a501fSWolfgang Helbig 	 * year 1582 is special, as 10 days are left out in October to
151306a501fSWolfgang Helbig 	 * resynchronize the calendar with the earth's orbit. October 4th
152306a501fSWolfgang Helbig 	 * 1582 is followed by October 15th 1582. We use the "switch"
153306a501fSWolfgang Helbig 	 * table month1s for this year.
154306a501fSWolfgang Helbig 	 */
155306a501fSWolfgang Helbig 	ndays = ndays - r;
156306a501fSWolfgang Helbig 	if (idt.y == 1582)
157306a501fSWolfgang Helbig 		montht = month1s;
158306a501fSWolfgang Helbig 	else
159306a501fSWolfgang Helbig 		montht = month1;
160306a501fSWolfgang Helbig 
161306a501fSWolfgang Helbig 	for (idt.m = 11; montht[idt.m] > ndays; idt.m--)
162306a501fSWolfgang Helbig 		;
163306a501fSWolfgang Helbig 
164306a501fSWolfgang Helbig 	idt.d = ndays - montht[idt.m]; /* the rest is the day in month */
165306a501fSWolfgang Helbig 
166306a501fSWolfgang Helbig 	/* Advance ten days deleted from October if after switch in Oct 1582 */
167306a501fSWolfgang Helbig 	if (idt.y == jiswitch.y && idt.m == jiswitch.m && jiswitch.d < idt.d)
168306a501fSWolfgang Helbig 		idt.d += 10;
169306a501fSWolfgang Helbig 
170306a501fSWolfgang Helbig 	/* return external representation of found date */
171306a501fSWolfgang Helbig 	return (idt2date(dt, &idt));
172306a501fSWolfgang Helbig }
173306a501fSWolfgang Helbig 
174306a501fSWolfgang Helbig /*
175306a501fSWolfgang Helbig  * Return the number of days since March 1st of the year zero. The date is
176306a501fSWolfgang Helbig  * assumed Gregorian if younger than 1582-10-04 and Julian otherwise. This
177306a501fSWolfgang Helbig  * is the reverse of gdate.
178306a501fSWolfgang Helbig  */
179306a501fSWolfgang Helbig int
180306a501fSWolfgang Helbig ndaysg(date *dt)
181306a501fSWolfgang Helbig {
182306a501fSWolfgang Helbig 	date    idt;		/* Internal date representation */
183306a501fSWolfgang Helbig 
184306a501fSWolfgang Helbig 	if (date2idt(&idt, dt) == NULL)
185306a501fSWolfgang Helbig 		return (-1);
186306a501fSWolfgang Helbig 	return (ndaysgi(&idt));
187306a501fSWolfgang Helbig }
188306a501fSWolfgang Helbig 
189306a501fSWolfgang Helbig /*
190306a501fSWolfgang Helbig  * Same as above, but with the Gregorian date given in internal
191306a501fSWolfgang Helbig  * representation.
192306a501fSWolfgang Helbig  */
193306a501fSWolfgang Helbig static int
194306a501fSWolfgang Helbig ndaysgi(date *idt)
195306a501fSWolfgang Helbig {
196306a501fSWolfgang Helbig 	int     nd;		/* Number of days--return value */
197306a501fSWolfgang Helbig 
198306a501fSWolfgang Helbig 	/* Cache nswitch if not already done */
199306a501fSWolfgang Helbig 	if (nswitch == 0)
200306a501fSWolfgang Helbig 		nswitch = ndaysji(&jiswitch);
201306a501fSWolfgang Helbig 
202306a501fSWolfgang Helbig 	/*
203306a501fSWolfgang Helbig 	 * Assume Julian calendar and adapt to Gregorian if necessary, i. e.
204306a501fSWolfgang Helbig 	 * younger than nswitch. Gregori deleted
205306a501fSWolfgang Helbig 	 * the ten days from Oct 5th to Oct 14th 1582.
206306a501fSWolfgang Helbig 	 * Thereafter years which are multiples of 100 and not multiples
207306a501fSWolfgang Helbig 	 * of 400 were not leap years anymore.
208306a501fSWolfgang Helbig 	 * This makes the average length of a year
209306a501fSWolfgang Helbig 	 * 365d +.25d - .01d + .0025d = 365.2425d. But the tropical
210306a501fSWolfgang Helbig 	 * year measures 365.2422d. So in 10000/3 years we are
211306a501fSWolfgang Helbig 	 * again one day ahead of the earth. Sigh :-)
212306a501fSWolfgang Helbig 	 * (d is the average length of a day and tropical year is the
213306a501fSWolfgang Helbig 	 * time from one spring point to the next.)
214306a501fSWolfgang Helbig 	 */
215306a501fSWolfgang Helbig 	if ((nd = ndaysji(idt)) == -1)
216306a501fSWolfgang Helbig 		return (-1);
217306a501fSWolfgang Helbig 	if (idt->y >= 1600)
218306a501fSWolfgang Helbig 		nd = (nd - 10 - (idt->y - 1600) / 100 + (idt->y - 1600) / 400);
219306a501fSWolfgang Helbig 	else if (nd > nswitch)
220306a501fSWolfgang Helbig 		nd -= 10;
221306a501fSWolfgang Helbig 	return (nd);
222306a501fSWolfgang Helbig }
223306a501fSWolfgang Helbig 
224306a501fSWolfgang Helbig /*
225306a501fSWolfgang Helbig  * Compute the week number from the number of days since March 1st year 0.
226306a501fSWolfgang Helbig  * The weeks are numbered per year starting with 1. If the first
227306a501fSWolfgang Helbig  * week of a year includes at least four days of that year it is week 1,
228306a501fSWolfgang Helbig  * otherwise it gets the number of the last week of the previous year.
229306a501fSWolfgang Helbig  * The variable y will be filled with the year that contains the greater
230306a501fSWolfgang Helbig  * part of the week.
231306a501fSWolfgang Helbig  */
232306a501fSWolfgang Helbig int
233306a501fSWolfgang Helbig week(int nd, int *y)
234306a501fSWolfgang Helbig {
235306a501fSWolfgang Helbig 	date    dt;
236306a501fSWolfgang Helbig 	int     fw;		/* 1st day of week 1 of previous, this and
237306a501fSWolfgang Helbig 				 * next year */
238306a501fSWolfgang Helbig 	gdate(nd, &dt);
239306a501fSWolfgang Helbig 	for (*y = dt.y + 1; nd < (fw = firstweek(*y)); (*y)--)
240306a501fSWolfgang Helbig 		;
241306a501fSWolfgang Helbig 	return ((nd - fw) / 7 + 1);
242306a501fSWolfgang Helbig }
243306a501fSWolfgang Helbig 
244306a501fSWolfgang Helbig /* return the first day of week 1 of year y */
245306a501fSWolfgang Helbig static int
246306a501fSWolfgang Helbig firstweek(int y)
247306a501fSWolfgang Helbig {
248306a501fSWolfgang Helbig 	date idt;
249306a501fSWolfgang Helbig 	int nd, wd;
250306a501fSWolfgang Helbig 
251306a501fSWolfgang Helbig 	idt.y = y - 1;   /* internal representation of y-1-1 */
252306a501fSWolfgang Helbig 	idt.m = 10;
253306a501fSWolfgang Helbig 	idt.d = 0;
254306a501fSWolfgang Helbig 
255306a501fSWolfgang Helbig 	nd = ndaysgi(&idt);
256306a501fSWolfgang Helbig 	/*
257306a501fSWolfgang Helbig 	 * If more than 3 days of this week are in the preceding year, the
258306a501fSWolfgang Helbig 	 * next week is week 1 (and the next monday is the answer),
259306a501fSWolfgang Helbig 	 * otherwise this week is week 1 and the last monday is the
260306a501fSWolfgang Helbig 	 * answer.
261306a501fSWolfgang Helbig 	 */
262306a501fSWolfgang Helbig 	if ((wd = weekday(nd)) > 3)
263306a501fSWolfgang Helbig 		return (nd - wd + 7);
264306a501fSWolfgang Helbig 	else
265306a501fSWolfgang Helbig 		return (nd - wd);
266306a501fSWolfgang Helbig }
267306a501fSWolfgang Helbig 
268306a501fSWolfgang Helbig /* return the weekday (Mo = 0 .. Su = 6) */
269306a501fSWolfgang Helbig int
270306a501fSWolfgang Helbig weekday(int nd)
271306a501fSWolfgang Helbig {
272306a501fSWolfgang Helbig 	date dmondaygi = {1997, 8, 16}; /* Internal repr. of 1997-11-17 */
273306a501fSWolfgang Helbig 	static int nmonday;             /* ... which is a monday        */
274306a501fSWolfgang Helbig 
275306a501fSWolfgang Helbig 	/* Cache the daynumber of one monday */
276306a501fSWolfgang Helbig 	if (nmonday == 0)
277306a501fSWolfgang Helbig 		nmonday = ndaysgi(&dmondaygi);
278306a501fSWolfgang Helbig 
279306a501fSWolfgang Helbig 	/* return (nd - nmonday) modulo 7 which is the weekday */
280306a501fSWolfgang Helbig 	nd = (nd - nmonday) % 7;
281306a501fSWolfgang Helbig 	if (nd < 0)
282306a501fSWolfgang Helbig 		return (nd + 7);
283306a501fSWolfgang Helbig 	else
284306a501fSWolfgang Helbig 		return (nd);
285306a501fSWolfgang Helbig }
286306a501fSWolfgang Helbig 
287306a501fSWolfgang Helbig /*
288306a501fSWolfgang Helbig  * Convert a date to internal date representation: The year starts on
289306a501fSWolfgang Helbig  * March 1st, month and day numbering start at zero. E. g. March 1st of
290306a501fSWolfgang Helbig  * year zero is written as y=0, m=0, d=0.
291306a501fSWolfgang Helbig  */
292306a501fSWolfgang Helbig static date *
293306a501fSWolfgang Helbig date2idt(date *idt, date *dt)
294306a501fSWolfgang Helbig {
295306a501fSWolfgang Helbig 
296306a501fSWolfgang Helbig 	idt->d = dt->d - 1;
297306a501fSWolfgang Helbig 	if (dt->m > 2) {
298306a501fSWolfgang Helbig 		idt->m = dt->m - 3;
299306a501fSWolfgang Helbig 		idt->y = dt->y;
300306a501fSWolfgang Helbig 	} else {
301306a501fSWolfgang Helbig 		idt->m = dt->m + 9;
302306a501fSWolfgang Helbig 		idt->y = dt->y - 1;
303306a501fSWolfgang Helbig 	}
304306a501fSWolfgang Helbig 	if (idt->m < 0 || idt->m > 11 || idt->y < 0)
305306a501fSWolfgang Helbig 		return (NULL);
306306a501fSWolfgang Helbig 	else
307306a501fSWolfgang Helbig 		return idt;
308306a501fSWolfgang Helbig }
309306a501fSWolfgang Helbig 
310306a501fSWolfgang Helbig /* Reverse of date2idt */
311306a501fSWolfgang Helbig static date *
312306a501fSWolfgang Helbig idt2date(date *dt, date *idt)
313306a501fSWolfgang Helbig {
314306a501fSWolfgang Helbig 
315306a501fSWolfgang Helbig 	dt->d = idt->d + 1;
316306a501fSWolfgang Helbig 	if (idt->m < 10) {
317306a501fSWolfgang Helbig 		dt->m = idt->m + 3;
318306a501fSWolfgang Helbig 		dt->y = idt->y;
319306a501fSWolfgang Helbig 	} else {
320306a501fSWolfgang Helbig 		dt->m = idt->m - 9;
321306a501fSWolfgang Helbig 		dt->y = idt->y + 1;
322306a501fSWolfgang Helbig 	}
323306a501fSWolfgang Helbig 	if (dt->m < 1)
324306a501fSWolfgang Helbig 		return (NULL);
325306a501fSWolfgang Helbig 	else
326306a501fSWolfgang Helbig 		return (dt);
327306a501fSWolfgang Helbig }
328