xref: /freebsd/lib/libc/stdlib/tsearch_path.h (revision 15c433351f54e7cd5bec8d36c8e89e6a7fa55b26)
1 /*-
2  * Copyright (c) 2015 Nuxi, https://nuxi.nl/
3  *
4  * Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
5  * modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions
6  * are met:
7  * 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
8  *    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
9  * 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright
10  *    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the
11  *    documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
12  *
13  * THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE AUTHOR AND CONTRIBUTORS ``AS IS'' AND
14  * ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE
15  * IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE
16  * ARE DISCLAIMED.  IN NO EVENT SHALL THE AUTHOR OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE
17  * FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL
18  * DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS
19  * OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION)
20  * HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT
21  * LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY
22  * OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF
23  * SUCH DAMAGE.
24  *
25  * $FreeBSD$
26  */
27 
28 #ifndef TSEARCH_PATH_H
29 #define	TSEARCH_PATH_H
30 
31 #include <limits.h>
32 #include <stdbool.h>
33 #include <stdint.h>
34 
35 /*
36  * Bookkeeping for storing a path in a balanced binary search tree from
37  * the root to a leaf node.
38  *
39  * For an AVL tree we know that its maximum height of a tree is bounded
40  * by approximately 1.44 * log2(n) - 0.328. Given that the number of
41  * entries of the tree is constrained by the size of the address space,
42  * two uintptr_t's provide sufficient space to store the path from the
43  * root to any leaf.
44  */
45 struct path {
46 	uintptr_t steps[2];
47 	unsigned int nsteps;
48 };
49 
50 /* Initializes the path structure with a zero-length path. */
51 static inline void
52 path_init(struct path *p)
53 {
54 
55 	p->nsteps = 0;
56 }
57 
58 #define	STEPS_BIT (sizeof(uintptr_t) * CHAR_BIT)
59 
60 /* Pushes a step to the left to the end of the path. */
61 static inline void
62 path_taking_left(struct path *p)
63 {
64 
65 	p->steps[p->nsteps / STEPS_BIT] |=
66 	    (uintptr_t)1 << (p->nsteps % STEPS_BIT);
67 	++p->nsteps;
68 }
69 
70 /* Pushes a step to the right to the end of the path. */
71 static inline void
72 path_taking_right(struct path *p)
73 {
74 
75 	p->steps[p->nsteps / STEPS_BIT] &=
76 	    ~((uintptr_t)1 << (p->nsteps % STEPS_BIT));
77 	++p->nsteps;
78 }
79 
80 /*
81  * Pops the first step from the path and returns whether it was a step
82  * to the left.
83  */
84 static inline bool
85 path_took_left(struct path *p)
86 {
87 	bool result;
88 
89 	result = p->steps[0] & 0x1;
90 	p->steps[0] = (p->steps[0] >> 1) | (p->steps[1] << (STEPS_BIT - 1));
91 	p->steps[1] >>= 1;
92 	return (result);
93 }
94 
95 #undef STEPS_BIT
96 
97 #endif
98