xref: /freebsd/lib/libc/stdlib/strtol.c (revision 74bf4e164ba5851606a27d4feff27717452583e5)
1 /*-
2  * Copyright (c) 1990, 1993
3  *	The Regents of the University of California.  All rights reserved.
4  *
5  * Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
6  * modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions
7  * are met:
8  * 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
9  *    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
10  * 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright
11  *    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the
12  *    documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
13  * 3. All advertising materials mentioning features or use of this software
14  *    must display the following acknowledgement:
15  *	This product includes software developed by the University of
16  *	California, Berkeley and its contributors.
17  * 4. Neither the name of the University nor the names of its contributors
18  *    may be used to endorse or promote products derived from this software
19  *    without specific prior written permission.
20  *
21  * THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE REGENTS AND CONTRIBUTORS ``AS IS'' AND
22  * ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE
23  * IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE
24  * ARE DISCLAIMED.  IN NO EVENT SHALL THE REGENTS OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE
25  * FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL
26  * DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS
27  * OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION)
28  * HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT
29  * LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY
30  * OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF
31  * SUCH DAMAGE.
32  */
33 
34 #if defined(LIBC_SCCS) && !defined(lint)
35 static char sccsid[] = "@(#)strtol.c	8.1 (Berkeley) 6/4/93";
36 #endif /* LIBC_SCCS and not lint */
37 #include <sys/cdefs.h>
38 __FBSDID("$FreeBSD$");
39 
40 #include <limits.h>
41 #include <ctype.h>
42 #include <errno.h>
43 #include <stdlib.h>
44 
45 
46 /*
47  * Convert a string to a long integer.
48  *
49  * Assumes that the upper and lower case
50  * alphabets and digits are each contiguous.
51  */
52 long
53 strtol(const char * __restrict nptr, char ** __restrict endptr, int base)
54 {
55 	const char *s;
56 	unsigned long acc;
57 	char c;
58 	unsigned long cutoff;
59 	int neg, any, cutlim;
60 
61 	/*
62 	 * Skip white space and pick up leading +/- sign if any.
63 	 * If base is 0, allow 0x for hex and 0 for octal, else
64 	 * assume decimal; if base is already 16, allow 0x.
65 	 */
66 	s = nptr;
67 	do {
68 		c = *s++;
69 	} while (isspace((unsigned char)c));
70 	if (c == '-') {
71 		neg = 1;
72 		c = *s++;
73 	} else {
74 		neg = 0;
75 		if (c == '+')
76 			c = *s++;
77 	}
78 	if ((base == 0 || base == 16) &&
79 	    c == '0' && (*s == 'x' || *s == 'X')) {
80 		c = s[1];
81 		s += 2;
82 		base = 16;
83 	}
84 	if (base == 0)
85 		base = c == '0' ? 8 : 10;
86 	acc = any = 0;
87 	if (base < 2 || base > 36)
88 		goto noconv;
89 
90 	/*
91 	 * Compute the cutoff value between legal numbers and illegal
92 	 * numbers.  That is the largest legal value, divided by the
93 	 * base.  An input number that is greater than this value, if
94 	 * followed by a legal input character, is too big.  One that
95 	 * is equal to this value may be valid or not; the limit
96 	 * between valid and invalid numbers is then based on the last
97 	 * digit.  For instance, if the range for longs is
98 	 * [-2147483648..2147483647] and the input base is 10,
99 	 * cutoff will be set to 214748364 and cutlim to either
100 	 * 7 (neg==0) or 8 (neg==1), meaning that if we have accumulated
101 	 * a value > 214748364, or equal but the next digit is > 7 (or 8),
102 	 * the number is too big, and we will return a range error.
103 	 *
104 	 * Set 'any' if any `digits' consumed; make it negative to indicate
105 	 * overflow.
106 	 */
107 	cutoff = neg ? (unsigned long)-(LONG_MIN + LONG_MAX) + LONG_MAX
108 	    : LONG_MAX;
109 	cutlim = cutoff % base;
110 	cutoff /= base;
111 	for ( ; ; c = *s++) {
112 		if (c >= '0' && c <= '9')
113 			c -= '0';
114 		else if (c >= 'A' && c <= 'Z')
115 			c -= 'A' - 10;
116 		else if (c >= 'a' && c <= 'z')
117 			c -= 'a' - 10;
118 		else
119 			break;
120 		if (c >= base)
121 			break;
122 		if (any < 0 || acc > cutoff || (acc == cutoff && c > cutlim))
123 			any = -1;
124 		else {
125 			any = 1;
126 			acc *= base;
127 			acc += c;
128 		}
129 	}
130 	if (any < 0) {
131 		acc = neg ? LONG_MIN : LONG_MAX;
132 		errno = ERANGE;
133 	} else if (!any) {
134 noconv:
135 		errno = EINVAL;
136 	} else if (neg)
137 		acc = -acc;
138 	if (endptr != NULL)
139 		*endptr = (char *)(any ? s - 1 : nptr);
140 	return (acc);
141 }
142