xref: /freebsd/lib/libc/stdlib/rand.c (revision ce6a89e27cd190313be39bb479880aeda4778436)
1 /*-
2  * SPDX-License-Identifier: BSD-3-Clause
3  *
4  * Copyright (c) 1990, 1993
5  *	The Regents of the University of California.  All rights reserved.
6  *
7  * Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
8  * modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions
9  * are met:
10  * 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
11  *    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
12  * 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright
13  *    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the
14  *    documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
15  * 3. Neither the name of the University nor the names of its contributors
16  *    may be used to endorse or promote products derived from this software
17  *    without specific prior written permission.
18  *
19  * THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE REGENTS AND CONTRIBUTORS ``AS IS'' AND
20  * ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE
21  * IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE
22  * ARE DISCLAIMED.  IN NO EVENT SHALL THE REGENTS OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE
23  * FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL
24  * DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS
25  * OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION)
26  * HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT
27  * LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY
28  * OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF
29  * SUCH DAMAGE.
30  *
31  * Posix rand_r function added May 1999 by Wes Peters <wes@softweyr.com>.
32  */
33 
34 #if defined(LIBC_SCCS) && !defined(lint)
35 static char sccsid[] = "@(#)rand.c	8.1 (Berkeley) 6/14/93";
36 #endif /* LIBC_SCCS and not lint */
37 #include <sys/cdefs.h>
38 __FBSDID("$FreeBSD$");
39 
40 #include "namespace.h"
41 #include <sys/param.h>
42 #include <sys/sysctl.h>
43 #include <assert.h>
44 #include <stdbool.h>
45 #include <stdlib.h>
46 #include <syslog.h>
47 #include "un-namespace.h"
48 
49 #include "random.h"
50 
51 /*
52  * Implement rand(3), the standard C PRNG API, using the non-standard but
53  * higher quality random(3) implementation and the same size 128-byte state
54  * LFSR as the random(3) default.
55  *
56  * It turns out there are portable applications that want a PRNG but are too
57  * lazy to use better-but-nonstandard interfaces like random(3), when
58  * available, and too lazy to import higher-quality and faster PRNGs into their
59  * codebase (such as any of SFC, JSF, 128-bit LCGs, PCG, or Splitmix64).
60  *
61  * Since we're stuck with rand(3) due to the C standard, we can at least have
62  * it produce a relatively good PRNG sequence using our existing random(3)
63  * LFSR.  The random(3) design is not particularly fast nor compact, but it has
64  * the advantage of being the one already in the tree.
65  */
66 static struct __random_state *rand3_state;
67 
68 static void
69 initialize_rand3(void)
70 {
71 	int error;
72 
73 	rand3_state = allocatestate(TYPE_3);
74 	error = initstate_r(rand3_state, 1, rand3_state->rst_randtbl, BREAK_3);
75 	assert(error == 0);
76 }
77 
78 int
79 rand(void)
80 {
81 	if (rand3_state == NULL)
82 		initialize_rand3();
83 	return ((int)random_r(rand3_state));
84 }
85 
86 void
87 srand(unsigned seed)
88 {
89 	if (rand3_state == NULL)
90 		initialize_rand3();
91 	srandom_r(rand3_state, seed);
92 }
93 
94 /*
95  * FreeBSD 12 and prior compatibility implementation of rand(3).
96  */
97 static int
98 do_rand(unsigned long *ctx)
99 {
100 /*
101  * Compute x = (7^5 * x) mod (2^31 - 1)
102  * without overflowing 31 bits:
103  *      (2^31 - 1) = 127773 * (7^5) + 2836
104  * From "Random number generators: good ones are hard to find",
105  * Park and Miller, Communications of the ACM, vol. 31, no. 10,
106  * October 1988, p. 1195.
107  */
108 	long hi, lo, x;
109 
110 	/* Transform to [1, 0x7ffffffe] range. */
111 	x = (*ctx % 0x7ffffffe) + 1;
112 	hi = x / 127773;
113 	lo = x % 127773;
114 	x = 16807 * lo - 2836 * hi;
115 	if (x < 0)
116 		x += 0x7fffffff;
117 	/* Transform to [0, 0x7ffffffd] range. */
118 	x--;
119 	*ctx = x;
120 	return (x);
121 }
122 
123 /*
124  * Can't fix this garbage; too little state.
125  */
126 int
127 rand_r(unsigned *ctx)
128 {
129 	u_long val;
130 	int r;
131 
132 	val = *ctx;
133 	r = do_rand(&val);
134 	*ctx = (unsigned)val;
135 	return (r);
136 }
137 
138 static u_long next = 1;
139 
140 int __rand_fbsd12(void);
141 int
142 __rand_fbsd12(void)
143 {
144 	return (do_rand(&next));
145 }
146 __sym_compat(rand, __rand_fbsd12, FBSD_1.0);
147 
148 void __srand_fbsd12(unsigned seed);
149 void
150 __srand_fbsd12(unsigned seed)
151 {
152 	next = seed;
153 }
154 __sym_compat(srand, __srand_fbsd12, FBSD_1.0);
155 
156 void __sranddev_fbsd12(void);
157 void
158 __sranddev_fbsd12(void)
159 {
160 	static bool warned = false;
161 
162 	if (!warned) {
163 		syslog(LOG_DEBUG, "Deprecated function sranddev() called");
164 		warned = true;
165 	}
166 }
167 __sym_compat(sranddev, __sranddev_fbsd12, FBSD_1.0);
168