xref: /freebsd/lib/libc/stdlib/rand.c (revision 5686c6c38a3e1cc78804eaf5f880bda23dcf592f)
1 /*-
2  * Copyright (c) 1990, 1993
3  *	The Regents of the University of California.  All rights reserved.
4  *
5  * Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
6  * modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions
7  * are met:
8  * 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
9  *    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
10  * 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright
11  *    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the
12  *    documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
13  * 4. Neither the name of the University nor the names of its contributors
14  *    may be used to endorse or promote products derived from this software
15  *    without specific prior written permission.
16  *
17  * THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE REGENTS AND CONTRIBUTORS ``AS IS'' AND
18  * ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE
19  * IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE
20  * ARE DISCLAIMED.  IN NO EVENT SHALL THE REGENTS OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE
21  * FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL
22  * DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS
23  * OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION)
24  * HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT
25  * LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY
26  * OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF
27  * SUCH DAMAGE.
28  *
29  * Posix rand_r function added May 1999 by Wes Peters <wes@softweyr.com>.
30  */
31 
32 #if defined(LIBC_SCCS) && !defined(lint)
33 static char sccsid[] = "@(#)rand.c	8.1 (Berkeley) 6/14/93";
34 #endif /* LIBC_SCCS and not lint */
35 #include <sys/cdefs.h>
36 __FBSDID("$FreeBSD$");
37 
38 #include "namespace.h"
39 #include <sys/param.h>
40 #include <sys/sysctl.h>
41 #include <sys/types.h>
42 #include <stdlib.h>
43 #include "un-namespace.h"
44 
45 #ifdef TEST
46 #include <stdio.h>
47 #endif /* TEST */
48 
49 static int
50 do_rand(unsigned long *ctx)
51 {
52 #ifdef  USE_WEAK_SEEDING
53 /*
54  * Historic implementation compatibility.
55  * The random sequences do not vary much with the seed,
56  * even with overflowing.
57  */
58 	return ((*ctx = *ctx * 1103515245 + 12345) % ((u_long)RAND_MAX + 1));
59 #else   /* !USE_WEAK_SEEDING */
60 /*
61  * Compute x = (7^5 * x) mod (2^31 - 1)
62  * without overflowing 31 bits:
63  *      (2^31 - 1) = 127773 * (7^5) + 2836
64  * From "Random number generators: good ones are hard to find",
65  * Park and Miller, Communications of the ACM, vol. 31, no. 10,
66  * October 1988, p. 1195.
67  */
68 	long hi, lo, x;
69 
70 	/* Can't be initialized with 0, so use another value. */
71 	if (*ctx == 0)
72 		*ctx = 123459876;
73 	hi = *ctx / 127773;
74 	lo = *ctx % 127773;
75 	x = 16807 * lo - 2836 * hi;
76 	if (x < 0)
77 		x += 0x7fffffff;
78 	return ((*ctx = x) % ((u_long)RAND_MAX + 1));
79 #endif  /* !USE_WEAK_SEEDING */
80 }
81 
82 
83 int
84 rand_r(unsigned int *ctx)
85 {
86 	u_long val = (u_long) *ctx;
87 	int r = do_rand(&val);
88 
89 	*ctx = (unsigned int) val;
90 	return (r);
91 }
92 
93 
94 static u_long next = 1;
95 
96 int
97 rand()
98 {
99 	return (do_rand(&next));
100 }
101 
102 void
103 srand(seed)
104 u_int seed;
105 {
106 	next = seed;
107 }
108 
109 
110 /*
111  * sranddev:
112  *
113  * Many programs choose the seed value in a totally predictable manner.
114  * This often causes problems.  We seed the generator using pseudo-random
115  * data from the kernel.
116  */
117 void
118 sranddev()
119 {
120 	int mib[2];
121 	size_t len;
122 
123 	len = sizeof(next);
124 
125 	mib[0] = CTL_KERN;
126 	mib[1] = KERN_ARND;
127 	sysctl(mib, 2, (void *)&next, &len, NULL, 0);
128 }
129 
130 
131 #ifdef TEST
132 
133 main()
134 {
135     int i;
136     unsigned myseed;
137 
138     printf("seeding rand with 0x19610910: \n");
139     srand(0x19610910);
140 
141     printf("generating three pseudo-random numbers:\n");
142     for (i = 0; i < 3; i++)
143     {
144 	printf("next random number = %d\n", rand());
145     }
146 
147     printf("generating the same sequence with rand_r:\n");
148     myseed = 0x19610910;
149     for (i = 0; i < 3; i++)
150     {
151 	printf("next random number = %d\n", rand_r(&myseed));
152     }
153 
154     return 0;
155 }
156 
157 #endif /* TEST */
158 
159