xref: /freebsd/lib/libc/stdlib/rand.c (revision 46c1105fbb6fbff6d6ccd0a18571342eb992d637)
1 /*-
2  * Copyright (c) 1990, 1993
3  *	The Regents of the University of California.  All rights reserved.
4  *
5  * Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
6  * modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions
7  * are met:
8  * 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
9  *    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
10  * 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright
11  *    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the
12  *    documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
13  * 3. Neither the name of the University nor the names of its contributors
14  *    may be used to endorse or promote products derived from this software
15  *    without specific prior written permission.
16  *
17  * THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE REGENTS AND CONTRIBUTORS ``AS IS'' AND
18  * ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE
19  * IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE
20  * ARE DISCLAIMED.  IN NO EVENT SHALL THE REGENTS OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE
21  * FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL
22  * DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS
23  * OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION)
24  * HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT
25  * LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY
26  * OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF
27  * SUCH DAMAGE.
28  *
29  * Posix rand_r function added May 1999 by Wes Peters <wes@softweyr.com>.
30  */
31 
32 #if defined(LIBC_SCCS) && !defined(lint)
33 static char sccsid[] = "@(#)rand.c	8.1 (Berkeley) 6/14/93";
34 #endif /* LIBC_SCCS and not lint */
35 #include <sys/cdefs.h>
36 __FBSDID("$FreeBSD$");
37 
38 #include "namespace.h"
39 #include <sys/param.h>
40 #include <sys/sysctl.h>
41 #include <stdlib.h>
42 #include "un-namespace.h"
43 
44 #ifdef TEST
45 #include <stdio.h>
46 #endif /* TEST */
47 
48 static int
49 do_rand(unsigned long *ctx)
50 {
51 #ifdef  USE_WEAK_SEEDING
52 /*
53  * Historic implementation compatibility.
54  * The random sequences do not vary much with the seed,
55  * even with overflowing.
56  */
57 	return ((*ctx = *ctx * 1103515245 + 12345) % ((u_long)RAND_MAX + 1));
58 #else   /* !USE_WEAK_SEEDING */
59 /*
60  * Compute x = (7^5 * x) mod (2^31 - 1)
61  * without overflowing 31 bits:
62  *      (2^31 - 1) = 127773 * (7^5) + 2836
63  * From "Random number generators: good ones are hard to find",
64  * Park and Miller, Communications of the ACM, vol. 31, no. 10,
65  * October 1988, p. 1195.
66  */
67 	long hi, lo, x;
68 
69 	/* Must be in [1, 0x7ffffffe] range at this point. */
70 	hi = *ctx / 127773;
71 	lo = *ctx % 127773;
72 	x = 16807 * lo - 2836 * hi;
73 	if (x < 0)
74 		x += 0x7fffffff;
75 	*ctx = x;
76 	/* Transform to [0, 0x7ffffffd] range. */
77 	return (x - 1);
78 #endif  /* !USE_WEAK_SEEDING */
79 }
80 
81 
82 int
83 rand_r(unsigned int *ctx)
84 {
85 	u_long val;
86 	int r;
87 
88 #ifdef  USE_WEAK_SEEDING
89 	val = *ctx;
90 #else
91 	/* Transform to [1, 0x7ffffffe] range. */
92 	val = (*ctx % 0x7ffffffe) + 1;
93 #endif
94 	r = do_rand(&val);
95 
96 #ifdef  USE_WEAK_SEEDING
97 	*ctx = (unsigned int)val;
98 #else
99 	*ctx = (unsigned int)(val - 1);
100 #endif
101 	return (r);
102 }
103 
104 
105 static u_long next =
106 #ifdef  USE_WEAK_SEEDING
107     1;
108 #else
109     2;
110 #endif
111 
112 int
113 rand(void)
114 {
115 	return (do_rand(&next));
116 }
117 
118 void
119 srand(u_int seed)
120 {
121 	next = seed;
122 #ifndef USE_WEAK_SEEDING
123 	/* Transform to [1, 0x7ffffffe] range. */
124 	next = (next % 0x7ffffffe) + 1;
125 #endif
126 }
127 
128 
129 /*
130  * sranddev:
131  *
132  * Many programs choose the seed value in a totally predictable manner.
133  * This often causes problems.  We seed the generator using pseudo-random
134  * data from the kernel.
135  */
136 void
137 sranddev(void)
138 {
139 	int mib[2];
140 	size_t len;
141 
142 	len = sizeof(next);
143 
144 	mib[0] = CTL_KERN;
145 	mib[1] = KERN_ARND;
146 	sysctl(mib, 2, (void *)&next, &len, NULL, 0);
147 #ifndef USE_WEAK_SEEDING
148 	/* Transform to [1, 0x7ffffffe] range. */
149 	next = (next % 0x7ffffffe) + 1;
150 #endif
151 }
152 
153 
154 #ifdef TEST
155 
156 main()
157 {
158     int i;
159     unsigned myseed;
160 
161     printf("seeding rand with 0x19610910: \n");
162     srand(0x19610910);
163 
164     printf("generating three pseudo-random numbers:\n");
165     for (i = 0; i < 3; i++)
166     {
167 	printf("next random number = %d\n", rand());
168     }
169 
170     printf("generating the same sequence with rand_r:\n");
171     myseed = 0x19610910;
172     for (i = 0; i < 3; i++)
173     {
174 	printf("next random number = %d\n", rand_r(&myseed));
175     }
176 
177     return 0;
178 }
179 
180 #endif /* TEST */
181 
182