xref: /freebsd/lib/libc/stdlib/rand.c (revision 3416500aef140042c64bc149cb1ec6620483bc44)
1 /*-
2  * Copyright (c) 1990, 1993
3  *	The Regents of the University of California.  All rights reserved.
4  *
5  * Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
6  * modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions
7  * are met:
8  * 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
9  *    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
10  * 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright
11  *    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the
12  *    documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
13  * 3. Neither the name of the University nor the names of its contributors
14  *    may be used to endorse or promote products derived from this software
15  *    without specific prior written permission.
16  *
17  * THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE REGENTS AND CONTRIBUTORS ``AS IS'' AND
18  * ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE
19  * IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE
20  * ARE DISCLAIMED.  IN NO EVENT SHALL THE REGENTS OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE
21  * FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL
22  * DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS
23  * OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION)
24  * HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT
25  * LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY
26  * OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF
27  * SUCH DAMAGE.
28  *
29  * Posix rand_r function added May 1999 by Wes Peters <wes@softweyr.com>.
30  */
31 
32 #if defined(LIBC_SCCS) && !defined(lint)
33 static char sccsid[] = "@(#)rand.c	8.1 (Berkeley) 6/14/93";
34 #endif /* LIBC_SCCS and not lint */
35 #include <sys/cdefs.h>
36 __FBSDID("$FreeBSD$");
37 
38 #include "namespace.h"
39 #include <sys/param.h>
40 #include <sys/sysctl.h>
41 #include <stdlib.h>
42 #include "un-namespace.h"
43 
44 #ifdef TEST
45 #include <stdio.h>
46 #endif /* TEST */
47 
48 static int
49 do_rand(unsigned long *ctx)
50 {
51 /*
52  * Compute x = (7^5 * x) mod (2^31 - 1)
53  * without overflowing 31 bits:
54  *      (2^31 - 1) = 127773 * (7^5) + 2836
55  * From "Random number generators: good ones are hard to find",
56  * Park and Miller, Communications of the ACM, vol. 31, no. 10,
57  * October 1988, p. 1195.
58  */
59 	long hi, lo, x;
60 
61 	/* Transform to [1, 0x7ffffffe] range. */
62 	x = (*ctx % 0x7ffffffe) + 1;
63 	hi = x / 127773;
64 	lo = x % 127773;
65 	x = 16807 * lo - 2836 * hi;
66 	if (x < 0)
67 		x += 0x7fffffff;
68 	/* Transform to [0, 0x7ffffffd] range. */
69 	x--;
70 	*ctx = x;
71 	return (x);
72 }
73 
74 
75 int
76 rand_r(unsigned *ctx)
77 {
78 	u_long val;
79 	int r;
80 
81 	val = *ctx;
82 	r = do_rand(&val);
83 	*ctx = (unsigned)val;
84 	return (r);
85 }
86 
87 
88 static u_long next = 1;
89 
90 int
91 rand(void)
92 {
93 	return (do_rand(&next));
94 }
95 
96 void
97 srand(unsigned seed)
98 {
99 	next = seed;
100 }
101 
102 
103 /*
104  * sranddev:
105  *
106  * Many programs choose the seed value in a totally predictable manner.
107  * This often causes problems.  We seed the generator using pseudo-random
108  * data from the kernel.
109  */
110 void
111 sranddev(void)
112 {
113 	int mib[2];
114 	size_t len;
115 
116 	len = sizeof(next);
117 
118 	mib[0] = CTL_KERN;
119 	mib[1] = KERN_ARND;
120 	sysctl(mib, 2, (void *)&next, &len, NULL, 0);
121 }
122 
123 
124 #ifdef TEST
125 
126 main()
127 {
128     int i;
129     unsigned myseed;
130 
131     printf("seeding rand with 0x19610910: \n");
132     srand(0x19610910);
133 
134     printf("generating three pseudo-random numbers:\n");
135     for (i = 0; i < 3; i++)
136     {
137 	printf("next random number = %d\n", rand());
138     }
139 
140     printf("generating the same sequence with rand_r:\n");
141     myseed = 0x19610910;
142     for (i = 0; i < 3; i++)
143     {
144 	printf("next random number = %d\n", rand_r(&myseed));
145     }
146 
147     return 0;
148 }
149 
150 #endif /* TEST */
151 
152