xref: /freebsd/lib/libc/stdlib/getopt_long.c (revision 4b2eaea43fec8e8792be611dea204071a10b655a)
1 /*	$NetBSD: getopt_long.c,v 1.15 2002/01/31 22:43:40 tv Exp $	*/
2 /*	$FreeBSD$ */
3 
4 /*-
5  * Copyright (c) 2000 The NetBSD Foundation, Inc.
6  * All rights reserved.
7  *
8  * This code is derived from software contributed to The NetBSD Foundation
9  * by Dieter Baron and Thomas Klausner.
10  *
11  * Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
12  * modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions
13  * are met:
14  * 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
15  *    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
16  * 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright
17  *    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the
18  *    documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
19  * 3. All advertising materials mentioning features or use of this software
20  *    must display the following acknowledgement:
21  *        This product includes software developed by the NetBSD
22  *        Foundation, Inc. and its contributors.
23  * 4. Neither the name of The NetBSD Foundation nor the names of its
24  *    contributors may be used to endorse or promote products derived
25  *    from this software without specific prior written permission.
26  *
27  * THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE NETBSD FOUNDATION, INC. AND CONTRIBUTORS
28  * ``AS IS'' AND ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED
29  * TO, THE IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR
30  * PURPOSE ARE DISCLAIMED.  IN NO EVENT SHALL THE FOUNDATION OR CONTRIBUTORS
31  * BE LIABLE FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR
32  * CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF
33  * SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS
34  * INTERRUPTION) HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN
35  * CONTRACT, STRICT LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE)
36  * ARISING IN ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE
37  * POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE.
38  */
39 
40 #include <sys/cdefs.h>
41 #if defined(LIBC_SCCS) && !defined(lint)
42 __RCSID("$NetBSD: getopt_long.c,v 1.15 2002/01/31 22:43:40 tv Exp $");
43 #endif /* LIBC_SCCS and not lint */
44 
45 #include "namespace.h"
46 
47 #include <assert.h>
48 #include <err.h>
49 #include <errno.h>
50 #include <getopt.h>
51 #include <stdlib.h>
52 #include <string.h>
53 
54 /* not part of the original file */
55 #ifndef _DIAGASSERT
56 #define _DIAGASSERT(X)
57 #endif
58 
59 #if HAVE_CONFIG_H && !HAVE_GETOPT_LONG && !HAVE_DECL_OPTIND
60 #define REPLACE_GETOPT
61 #endif
62 
63 #ifdef REPLACE_GETOPT
64 #ifdef __weak_alias
65 __weak_alias(getopt,_getopt)
66 #endif
67 int	opterr = 1;		/* if error message should be printed */
68 int	optind = 1;		/* index into parent argv vector */
69 int	optopt = '?';		/* character checked for validity */
70 int	optreset;		/* reset getopt */
71 char    *optarg;		/* argument associated with option */
72 #elif HAVE_CONFIG_H && !HAVE_DECL_OPTRESET
73 static int optreset;
74 #endif
75 
76 #ifdef __weak_alias
77 __weak_alias(getopt_long,_getopt_long)
78 #endif
79 
80 #if !HAVE_GETOPT_LONG
81 #define IGNORE_FIRST	(*options == '-' || *options == '+')
82 #define PRINT_ERROR	((opterr) && ((*options != ':') \
83 				      || (IGNORE_FIRST && options[1] != ':')))
84 #define IS_POSIXLY_CORRECT (getenv("POSIXLY_CORRECT") != NULL)
85 #define PERMUTE         (!IS_POSIXLY_CORRECT && !IGNORE_FIRST)
86 /* XXX: GNU ignores PC if *options == '-' */
87 #define IN_ORDER        (!IS_POSIXLY_CORRECT && *options == '-')
88 
89 /* return values */
90 #define	BADCH	(int)'?'
91 #define	BADARG		((IGNORE_FIRST && options[1] == ':') \
92 			 || (*options == ':') ? (int)':' : (int)'?')
93 #define INORDER (int)1
94 
95 #define	EMSG	""
96 
97 static int getopt_internal(int, char * const *, const char *);
98 static int gcd(int, int);
99 static void permute_args(int, int, int, char * const *);
100 
101 static char *place = EMSG; /* option letter processing */
102 
103 /* XXX: set optreset to 1 rather than these two */
104 static int nonopt_start = -1; /* first non option argument (for permute) */
105 static int nonopt_end = -1;   /* first option after non options (for permute) */
106 
107 /* Error messages */
108 static const char recargchar[] = "option requires an argument -- %c";
109 static const char recargstring[] = "option requires an argument -- %s";
110 static const char ambig[] = "ambiguous option -- %.*s";
111 static const char noarg[] = "option doesn't take an argument -- %.*s";
112 static const char illoptchar[] = "unknown option -- %c";
113 static const char illoptstring[] = "unknown option -- %s";
114 
115 
116 /*
117  * Compute the greatest common divisor of a and b.
118  */
119 static int
120 gcd(a, b)
121 	int a;
122 	int b;
123 {
124 	int c;
125 
126 	c = a % b;
127 	while (c != 0) {
128 		a = b;
129 		b = c;
130 		c = a % b;
131 	}
132 
133 	return b;
134 }
135 
136 /*
137  * Exchange the block from nonopt_start to nonopt_end with the block
138  * from nonopt_end to opt_end (keeping the same order of arguments
139  * in each block).
140  */
141 static void
142 permute_args(panonopt_start, panonopt_end, opt_end, nargv)
143 	int panonopt_start;
144 	int panonopt_end;
145 	int opt_end;
146 	char * const *nargv;
147 {
148 	int cstart, cyclelen, i, j, ncycle, nnonopts, nopts, pos;
149 	char *swap;
150 
151 	_DIAGASSERT(nargv != NULL);
152 
153 	/*
154 	 * compute lengths of blocks and number and size of cycles
155 	 */
156 	nnonopts = panonopt_end - panonopt_start;
157 	nopts = opt_end - panonopt_end;
158 	ncycle = gcd(nnonopts, nopts);
159 	cyclelen = (opt_end - panonopt_start) / ncycle;
160 
161 	for (i = 0; i < ncycle; i++) {
162 		cstart = panonopt_end+i;
163 		pos = cstart;
164 		for (j = 0; j < cyclelen; j++) {
165 			if (pos >= panonopt_end)
166 				pos -= nnonopts;
167 			else
168 				pos += nopts;
169 			swap = nargv[pos];
170 			/* LINTED const cast */
171 			((char **) nargv)[pos] = nargv[cstart];
172 			/* LINTED const cast */
173 			((char **)nargv)[cstart] = swap;
174 		}
175 	}
176 }
177 
178 /*
179  * getopt_internal --
180  *	Parse argc/argv argument vector.  Called by user level routines.
181  *  Returns -2 if -- is found (can be long option or end of options marker).
182  */
183 static int
184 getopt_internal(nargc, nargv, options)
185 	int nargc;
186 	char * const *nargv;
187 	const char *options;
188 {
189 	char *oli;				/* option letter list index */
190 	int optchar;
191 
192 	_DIAGASSERT(nargv != NULL);
193 	_DIAGASSERT(options != NULL);
194 
195 	optarg = NULL;
196 
197 	/*
198 	 * XXX Some programs (like rsyncd) expect to be able to
199 	 * XXX re-initialize optind to 0 and have getopt_long(3)
200 	 * XXX properly function again.  Work around this braindamage.
201 	 */
202 	if (optind == 0)
203 		optind = 1;
204 
205 	if (optreset)
206 		nonopt_start = nonopt_end = -1;
207 start:
208 	if (optreset || !*place) {		/* update scanning pointer */
209 		optreset = 0;
210 		if (optind >= nargc) {          /* end of argument vector */
211 			place = EMSG;
212 			if (nonopt_end != -1) {
213 				/* do permutation, if we have to */
214 				permute_args(nonopt_start, nonopt_end,
215 				    optind, nargv);
216 				optind -= nonopt_end - nonopt_start;
217 			}
218 			else if (nonopt_start != -1) {
219 				/*
220 				 * If we skipped non-options, set optind
221 				 * to the first of them.
222 				 */
223 				optind = nonopt_start;
224 			}
225 			nonopt_start = nonopt_end = -1;
226 			return -1;
227 		}
228 		if ((*(place = nargv[optind]) != '-')
229 		    || (place[1] == '\0')) {    /* found non-option */
230 			place = EMSG;
231 			if (IN_ORDER) {
232 				/*
233 				 * GNU extension:
234 				 * return non-option as argument to option 1
235 				 */
236 				optarg = nargv[optind++];
237 				return INORDER;
238 			}
239 			if (!PERMUTE) {
240 				/*
241 				 * if no permutation wanted, stop parsing
242 				 * at first non-option
243 				 */
244 				return -1;
245 			}
246 			/* do permutation */
247 			if (nonopt_start == -1)
248 				nonopt_start = optind;
249 			else if (nonopt_end != -1) {
250 				permute_args(nonopt_start, nonopt_end,
251 				    optind, nargv);
252 				nonopt_start = optind -
253 				    (nonopt_end - nonopt_start);
254 				nonopt_end = -1;
255 			}
256 			optind++;
257 			/* process next argument */
258 			goto start;
259 		}
260 		if (nonopt_start != -1 && nonopt_end == -1)
261 			nonopt_end = optind;
262 		if (place[1] && *++place == '-') {	/* found "--" */
263 			place++;
264 			return -2;
265 		}
266 	}
267 	if ((optchar = (int)*place++) == (int)':' ||
268 	    (oli = strchr(options + (IGNORE_FIRST ? 1 : 0), optchar)) == NULL) {
269 		/* option letter unknown or ':' */
270 		if (!*place)
271 			++optind;
272 		if (PRINT_ERROR)
273 			warnx(illoptchar, optchar);
274 		optopt = optchar;
275 		return BADCH;
276 	}
277 	if (optchar == 'W' && oli[1] == ';') {		/* -W long-option */
278 		/* XXX: what if no long options provided (called by getopt)? */
279 		if (*place)
280 			return -2;
281 
282 		if (++optind >= nargc) {	/* no arg */
283 			place = EMSG;
284 			if (PRINT_ERROR)
285 				warnx(recargchar, optchar);
286 			optopt = optchar;
287 			return BADARG;
288 		} else				/* white space */
289 			place = nargv[optind];
290 		/*
291 		 * Handle -W arg the same as --arg (which causes getopt to
292 		 * stop parsing).
293 		 */
294 		return -2;
295 	}
296 	if (*++oli != ':') {			/* doesn't take argument */
297 		if (!*place)
298 			++optind;
299 	} else {				/* takes (optional) argument */
300 		optarg = NULL;
301 		if (*place)			/* no white space */
302 			optarg = place;
303 		/* XXX: disable test for :: if PC? (GNU doesn't) */
304 		else if (oli[1] != ':') {	/* arg not optional */
305 			if (++optind >= nargc) {	/* no arg */
306 				place = EMSG;
307 				if (PRINT_ERROR)
308 					warnx(recargchar, optchar);
309 				optopt = optchar;
310 				return BADARG;
311 			} else
312 				optarg = nargv[optind];
313 		}
314 		place = EMSG;
315 		++optind;
316 	}
317 	/* dump back option letter */
318 	return optchar;
319 }
320 
321 #ifdef REPLACE_GETOPT
322 /*
323  * getopt --
324  *	Parse argc/argv argument vector.
325  *
326  * [eventually this will replace the real getopt]
327  */
328 int
329 getopt(nargc, nargv, options)
330 	int nargc;
331 	char * const *nargv;
332 	const char *options;
333 {
334 	int retval;
335 
336 	_DIAGASSERT(nargv != NULL);
337 	_DIAGASSERT(options != NULL);
338 
339 	if ((retval = getopt_internal(nargc, nargv, options)) == -2) {
340 		++optind;
341 		/*
342 		 * We found an option (--), so if we skipped non-options,
343 		 * we have to permute.
344 		 */
345 		if (nonopt_end != -1) {
346 			permute_args(nonopt_start, nonopt_end, optind,
347 				       nargv);
348 			optind -= nonopt_end - nonopt_start;
349 		}
350 		nonopt_start = nonopt_end = -1;
351 		retval = -1;
352 	}
353 	return retval;
354 }
355 #endif
356 
357 /*
358  * getopt_long --
359  *	Parse argc/argv argument vector.
360  */
361 int
362 getopt_long(nargc, nargv, options, long_options, idx)
363 	int nargc;
364 	char * const *nargv;
365 	const char *options;
366 	const struct option *long_options;
367 	int *idx;
368 {
369 	int retval;
370 
371 	_DIAGASSERT(nargv != NULL);
372 	_DIAGASSERT(options != NULL);
373 	_DIAGASSERT(long_options != NULL);
374 	/* idx may be NULL */
375 
376 	if ((retval = getopt_internal(nargc, nargv, options)) == -2) {
377 		char *current_argv, *has_equal;
378 		size_t current_argv_len;
379 		int i, match;
380 
381 		current_argv = place;
382 		match = -1;
383 
384 		optind++;
385 		place = EMSG;
386 
387 		if (*current_argv == '\0') {		/* found "--" */
388 			/*
389 			 * We found an option (--), so if we skipped
390 			 * non-options, we have to permute.
391 			 */
392 			if (nonopt_end != -1) {
393 				permute_args(nonopt_start, nonopt_end,
394 				    optind, nargv);
395 				optind -= nonopt_end - nonopt_start;
396 			}
397 			nonopt_start = nonopt_end = -1;
398 			return -1;
399 		}
400 		if ((has_equal = strchr(current_argv, '=')) != NULL) {
401 			/* argument found (--option=arg) */
402 			current_argv_len = has_equal - current_argv;
403 			has_equal++;
404 		} else
405 			current_argv_len = strlen(current_argv);
406 
407 		for (i = 0; long_options[i].name; i++) {
408 			/* find matching long option */
409 			if (strncmp(current_argv, long_options[i].name,
410 			    current_argv_len))
411 				continue;
412 
413 			if (strlen(long_options[i].name) ==
414 			    (unsigned)current_argv_len) {
415 				/* exact match */
416 				match = i;
417 				break;
418 			}
419 			if (match == -1)		/* partial match */
420 				match = i;
421 			else {
422 				/* ambiguous abbreviation */
423 				if (PRINT_ERROR)
424 					warnx(ambig, (int)current_argv_len,
425 					     current_argv);
426 				optopt = 0;
427 				return BADCH;
428 			}
429 		}
430 		if (match != -1) {			/* option found */
431 		        if (long_options[match].has_arg == no_argument
432 			    && has_equal) {
433 				if (PRINT_ERROR)
434 					warnx(noarg, (int)current_argv_len,
435 					     current_argv);
436 				/*
437 				 * XXX: GNU sets optopt to val regardless of
438 				 * flag
439 				 */
440 				if (long_options[match].flag == NULL)
441 					optopt = long_options[match].val;
442 				else
443 					optopt = 0;
444 				return BADARG;
445 			}
446 			if (long_options[match].has_arg == required_argument ||
447 			    long_options[match].has_arg == optional_argument) {
448 				if (has_equal)
449 					optarg = has_equal;
450 				else if (long_options[match].has_arg ==
451 				    required_argument) {
452 					/*
453 					 * optional argument doesn't use
454 					 * next nargv
455 					 */
456 					optarg = nargv[optind++];
457 				}
458 			}
459 			if ((long_options[match].has_arg == required_argument)
460 			    && (optarg == NULL)) {
461 				/*
462 				 * Missing argument; leading ':'
463 				 * indicates no error should be generated
464 				 */
465 				if (PRINT_ERROR)
466 					warnx(recargstring, current_argv);
467 				/*
468 				 * XXX: GNU sets optopt to val regardless
469 				 * of flag
470 				 */
471 				if (long_options[match].flag == NULL)
472 					optopt = long_options[match].val;
473 				else
474 					optopt = 0;
475 				--optind;
476 				return BADARG;
477 			}
478 		} else {			/* unknown option */
479 			if (PRINT_ERROR)
480 				warnx(illoptstring, current_argv);
481 			optopt = 0;
482 			return BADCH;
483 		}
484 		if (long_options[match].flag) {
485 			*long_options[match].flag = long_options[match].val;
486 			retval = 0;
487 		} else
488 			retval = long_options[match].val;
489 		if (idx)
490 			*idx = match;
491 	}
492 	return retval;
493 }
494 #endif /* !GETOPT_LONG */
495