xref: /freebsd/lib/libc/stdio/vfwprintf.c (revision f126890ac5386406dadf7c4cfa9566cbb56537c5)
1 /*-
2  * SPDX-License-Identifier: BSD-3-Clause
3  *
4  * Copyright (c) 1990, 1993
5  *	The Regents of the University of California.  All rights reserved.
6  *
7  * This code is derived from software contributed to Berkeley by
8  * Chris Torek.
9  *
10  * Copyright (c) 2011 The FreeBSD Foundation
11  *
12  * Portions of this software were developed by David Chisnall
13  * under sponsorship from the FreeBSD Foundation.
14  *
15  * Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
16  * modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions
17  * are met:
18  * 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
19  *    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
20  * 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright
21  *    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the
22  *    documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
23  * 3. Neither the name of the University nor the names of its contributors
24  *    may be used to endorse or promote products derived from this software
25  *    without specific prior written permission.
26  *
27  * THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE REGENTS AND CONTRIBUTORS ``AS IS'' AND
28  * ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE
29  * IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE
30  * ARE DISCLAIMED.  IN NO EVENT SHALL THE REGENTS OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE
31  * FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL
32  * DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS
33  * OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION)
34  * HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT
35  * LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY
36  * OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF
37  * SUCH DAMAGE.
38  */
39 
40 /*
41  * Actual wprintf innards.
42  *
43  * Avoid making gratuitous changes to this source file; it should be kept
44  * as close as possible to vfprintf.c for ease of maintenance.
45  */
46 
47 #include "namespace.h"
48 #include <sys/types.h>
49 
50 #include <ctype.h>
51 #include <errno.h>
52 #include <limits.h>
53 #include <locale.h>
54 #include <stdarg.h>
55 #include <stddef.h>
56 #include <stdint.h>
57 #include <stdio.h>
58 #include <stdlib.h>
59 #include <string.h>
60 #include <wchar.h>
61 #include <wctype.h>
62 #include "un-namespace.h"
63 
64 #include "libc_private.h"
65 #include "local.h"
66 #include "fvwrite.h"
67 #include "printflocal.h"
68 #include "xlocale_private.h"
69 
70 static int	__sprint(FILE *, struct __suio *, locale_t);
71 static int	__sbprintf(FILE *, locale_t, const wchar_t *, va_list) __noinline;
72 static wint_t	__xfputwc(wchar_t, FILE *, locale_t);
73 static wchar_t	*__mbsconv(char *, int);
74 
75 #define	CHAR	wchar_t
76 #include "printfcommon.h"
77 
78 struct grouping_state {
79 	wchar_t thousands_sep;	/* locale-specific thousands separator */
80 	const char *grouping;	/* locale-specific numeric grouping rules */
81 	int lead;		/* sig figs before decimal or group sep */
82 	int nseps;		/* number of group separators with ' */
83 	int nrepeats;		/* number of repeats of the last group */
84 };
85 
86 static const mbstate_t initial_mbs;
87 
88 static inline wchar_t
89 get_decpt(locale_t locale)
90 {
91 	mbstate_t mbs;
92 	wchar_t decpt;
93 	int nconv;
94 
95 	mbs = initial_mbs;
96 	nconv = mbrtowc(&decpt, localeconv_l(locale)->decimal_point, MB_CUR_MAX, &mbs);
97 	if (nconv == (size_t)-1 || nconv == (size_t)-2)
98 		decpt = '.';    /* failsafe */
99 	return (decpt);
100 }
101 
102 static inline wchar_t
103 get_thousep(locale_t locale)
104 {
105 	mbstate_t mbs;
106 	wchar_t thousep;
107 	int nconv;
108 
109 	mbs = initial_mbs;
110 	nconv = mbrtowc(&thousep, localeconv_l(locale)->thousands_sep,
111 	    MB_CUR_MAX, &mbs);
112 	if (nconv == (size_t)-1 || nconv == (size_t)-2)
113 		thousep = '\0';    /* failsafe */
114 	return (thousep);
115 }
116 
117 /*
118  * Initialize the thousands' grouping state in preparation to print a
119  * number with ndigits digits. This routine returns the total number
120  * of wide characters that will be printed.
121  */
122 static int
123 grouping_init(struct grouping_state *gs, int ndigits, locale_t locale)
124 {
125 
126 	gs->grouping = localeconv_l(locale)->grouping;
127 	gs->thousands_sep = get_thousep(locale);
128 
129 	gs->nseps = gs->nrepeats = 0;
130 	gs->lead = ndigits;
131 	while (*gs->grouping != CHAR_MAX) {
132 		if (gs->lead <= *gs->grouping)
133 			break;
134 		gs->lead -= *gs->grouping;
135 		if (*(gs->grouping+1)) {
136 			gs->nseps++;
137 			gs->grouping++;
138 		} else
139 			gs->nrepeats++;
140 	}
141 	return (gs->nseps + gs->nrepeats);
142 }
143 
144 /*
145  * Print a number with thousands' separators.
146  */
147 static int
148 grouping_print(struct grouping_state *gs, struct io_state *iop,
149 	       const CHAR *cp, const CHAR *ep, locale_t locale)
150 {
151 	const CHAR *cp0 = cp;
152 
153 	if (io_printandpad(iop, cp, ep, gs->lead, zeroes, locale))
154 		return (-1);
155 	cp += gs->lead;
156 	while (gs->nseps > 0 || gs->nrepeats > 0) {
157 		if (gs->nrepeats > 0)
158 			gs->nrepeats--;
159 		else {
160 			gs->grouping--;
161 			gs->nseps--;
162 		}
163 		if (io_print(iop, &gs->thousands_sep, 1, locale))
164 			return (-1);
165 		if (io_printandpad(iop, cp, ep, *gs->grouping, zeroes, locale))
166 			return (-1);
167 		cp += *gs->grouping;
168 	}
169 	if (cp > ep)
170 		cp = ep;
171 	return (cp - cp0);
172 }
173 
174 
175 /*
176  * Flush out all the vectors defined by the given uio,
177  * then reset it so that it can be reused.
178  *
179  * XXX The fact that we do this a character at a time and convert to a
180  * multibyte character sequence even if the destination is a wide
181  * string eclipses the benefits of buffering.
182  */
183 static int
184 __sprint(FILE *fp, struct __suio *uio, locale_t locale)
185 {
186 	struct __siov *iov;
187 	wchar_t *p;
188 	int i, len;
189 
190 	iov = uio->uio_iov;
191 	for (; uio->uio_resid != 0; uio->uio_resid -= len, iov++) {
192 		p = (wchar_t *)iov->iov_base;
193 		len = iov->iov_len;
194 		for (i = 0; i < len; i++) {
195 			if (__xfputwc(p[i], fp, locale) == WEOF)
196 				return (-1);
197 		}
198 	}
199 	uio->uio_iovcnt = 0;
200 	return (0);
201 }
202 
203 /*
204  * Helper function for `fprintf to unbuffered unix file': creates a
205  * temporary buffer.  We only work on write-only files; this avoids
206  * worries about ungetc buffers and so forth.
207  */
208 static int
209 __sbprintf(FILE *fp, locale_t locale, const wchar_t *fmt, va_list ap)
210 {
211 	int ret;
212 	FILE fake;
213 	unsigned char buf[BUFSIZ];
214 
215 	/* XXX This is probably not needed. */
216 	if (prepwrite(fp) != 0)
217 		return (EOF);
218 
219 	/* copy the important variables */
220 	fake._flags = fp->_flags & ~__SNBF;
221 	fake._file = fp->_file;
222 	fake._cookie = fp->_cookie;
223 	fake._write = fp->_write;
224 	fake._orientation = fp->_orientation;
225 	fake._mbstate = fp->_mbstate;
226 
227 	/* set up the buffer */
228 	fake._bf._base = fake._p = buf;
229 	fake._bf._size = fake._w = sizeof(buf);
230 	fake._lbfsize = 0;	/* not actually used, but Just In Case */
231 
232 	/* do the work, then copy any error status */
233 	ret = __vfwprintf(&fake, locale, fmt, ap);
234 	if (ret >= 0 && __fflush(&fake))
235 		ret = WEOF;
236 	if (fake._flags & __SERR)
237 		fp->_flags |= __SERR;
238 	return (ret);
239 }
240 
241 /*
242  * Like __fputwc, but handles fake string (__SSTR) files properly.
243  * File must already be locked.
244  */
245 static wint_t
246 __xfputwc(wchar_t wc, FILE *fp, locale_t locale)
247 {
248 	mbstate_t mbs;
249 	char buf[MB_LEN_MAX];
250 	struct __suio uio;
251 	struct __siov iov;
252 	size_t len;
253 
254 	if ((fp->_flags & __SSTR) == 0)
255 		return (__fputwc(wc, fp, locale));
256 
257 	mbs = initial_mbs;
258 	if ((len = wcrtomb(buf, wc, &mbs)) == (size_t)-1) {
259 		fp->_flags |= __SERR;
260 		return (WEOF);
261 	}
262 	uio.uio_iov = &iov;
263 	uio.uio_resid = len;
264 	uio.uio_iovcnt = 1;
265 	iov.iov_base = buf;
266 	iov.iov_len = len;
267 	return (__sfvwrite(fp, &uio) != EOF ? (wint_t)wc : WEOF);
268 }
269 
270 /*
271  * Convert a multibyte character string argument for the %s format to a wide
272  * string representation. ``prec'' specifies the maximum number of bytes
273  * to output. If ``prec'' is greater than or equal to zero, we can't assume
274  * that the multibyte char. string ends in a null character.
275  */
276 static wchar_t *
277 __mbsconv(char *mbsarg, int prec)
278 {
279 	mbstate_t mbs;
280 	wchar_t *convbuf, *wcp;
281 	const char *p;
282 	size_t insize, nchars, nconv;
283 
284 	if (mbsarg == NULL)
285 		return (NULL);
286 
287 	/*
288 	 * Supplied argument is a multibyte string; convert it to wide
289 	 * characters first.
290 	 */
291 	if (prec >= 0) {
292 		/*
293 		 * String is not guaranteed to be NUL-terminated. Find the
294 		 * number of characters to print.
295 		 */
296 		p = mbsarg;
297 		insize = nchars = nconv = 0;
298 		mbs = initial_mbs;
299 		while (nchars != (size_t)prec) {
300 			nconv = mbrlen(p, MB_CUR_MAX, &mbs);
301 			if (nconv == 0 || nconv == (size_t)-1 ||
302 			    nconv == (size_t)-2)
303 				break;
304 			p += nconv;
305 			nchars++;
306 			insize += nconv;
307 		}
308 		if (nconv == (size_t)-1 || nconv == (size_t)-2)
309 			return (NULL);
310 	} else {
311 		insize = strlen(mbsarg);
312 		nconv = 0;
313 	}
314 
315 	/*
316 	 * Allocate buffer for the result and perform the conversion,
317 	 * converting at most `size' bytes of the input multibyte string to
318 	 * wide characters for printing.
319 	 */
320 	convbuf = malloc((insize + 1) * sizeof(*convbuf));
321 	if (convbuf == NULL)
322 		return (NULL);
323 	wcp = convbuf;
324 	p = mbsarg;
325 	mbs = initial_mbs;
326 	while (insize != 0) {
327 		nconv = mbrtowc(wcp, p, insize, &mbs);
328 		if (nconv == 0 || nconv == (size_t)-1 || nconv == (size_t)-2)
329 			break;
330 		wcp++;
331 		p += nconv;
332 		insize -= nconv;
333 	}
334 	if (nconv == (size_t)-1 || nconv == (size_t)-2) {
335 		free(convbuf);
336 		return (NULL);
337 	}
338 	*wcp = L'\0';
339 
340 	return (convbuf);
341 }
342 
343 /*
344  * MT-safe version
345  */
346 int
347 vfwprintf_l(FILE * __restrict fp, locale_t locale,
348 		const wchar_t * __restrict fmt0, va_list ap)
349 
350 {
351 	int ret;
352 	FIX_LOCALE(locale);
353 	FLOCKFILE_CANCELSAFE(fp);
354 	/* optimise fprintf(stderr) (and other unbuffered Unix files) */
355 	if ((fp->_flags & (__SNBF|__SWR|__SRW)) == (__SNBF|__SWR) &&
356 	    fp->_file >= 0)
357 		ret = __sbprintf(fp, locale, fmt0, ap);
358 	else
359 		ret = __vfwprintf(fp, locale, fmt0, ap);
360 	FUNLOCKFILE_CANCELSAFE();
361 	return (ret);
362 }
363 int
364 vfwprintf(FILE * __restrict fp, const wchar_t * __restrict fmt0, va_list ap)
365 {
366 	return vfwprintf_l(fp, __get_locale(), fmt0, ap);
367 }
368 
369 /*
370  * The size of the buffer we use as scratch space for integer
371  * conversions, among other things.  We need enough space to
372  * write a uintmax_t in octal (plus one byte).
373  */
374 #if UINTMAX_MAX <= UINT64_MAX
375 #define	BUF	32
376 #else
377 #error "BUF must be large enough to format a uintmax_t"
378 #endif
379 
380 /*
381  * Non-MT-safe version
382  */
383 int
384 __vfwprintf(FILE *fp, locale_t locale, const wchar_t *fmt0, va_list ap)
385 {
386 	wchar_t *fmt;		/* format string */
387 	wchar_t ch;		/* character from fmt */
388 	int n, n2;		/* handy integer (short term usage) */
389 	wchar_t *cp;		/* handy char pointer (short term usage) */
390 	int flags;		/* flags as above */
391 	int ret;		/* return value accumulator */
392 	int width;		/* width from format (%8d), or 0 */
393 	int prec;		/* precision from format; <0 for N/A */
394 	wchar_t sign;		/* sign prefix (' ', '+', '-', or \0) */
395 	struct grouping_state gs; /* thousands' grouping info */
396 #ifndef NO_FLOATING_POINT
397 	/*
398 	 * We can decompose the printed representation of floating
399 	 * point numbers into several parts, some of which may be empty:
400 	 *
401 	 * [+|-| ] [0x|0X] MMM . NNN [e|E|p|P] [+|-] ZZ
402 	 *    A       B     ---C---      D       E   F
403 	 *
404 	 * A:	'sign' holds this value if present; '\0' otherwise
405 	 * B:	ox[1] holds the 'x' or 'X'; '\0' if not hexadecimal
406 	 * C:	cp points to the string MMMNNN.  Leading and trailing
407 	 *	zeros are not in the string and must be added.
408 	 * D:	expchar holds this character; '\0' if no exponent, e.g. %f
409 	 * F:	at least two digits for decimal, at least one digit for hex
410 	 */
411 	wchar_t decimal_point;	/* locale specific decimal point */
412 	int signflag;		/* true if float is negative */
413 	union {			/* floating point arguments %[aAeEfFgG] */
414 		double dbl;
415 		long double ldbl;
416 	} fparg;
417 	int expt;		/* integer value of exponent */
418 	char expchar;		/* exponent character: [eEpP\0] */
419 	char *dtoaend;		/* pointer to end of converted digits */
420 	int expsize;		/* character count for expstr */
421 	int ndig;		/* actual number of digits returned by dtoa */
422 	wchar_t expstr[MAXEXPDIG+2];	/* buffer for exponent string: e+ZZZ */
423 	char *dtoaresult;	/* buffer allocated by dtoa */
424 #endif
425 	u_long	ulval;		/* integer arguments %[diouxX] */
426 	uintmax_t ujval;	/* %j, %ll, %q, %t, %z integers */
427 	int base;		/* base for [diouxX] conversion */
428 	int dprec;		/* a copy of prec if [diouxX], 0 otherwise */
429 	int realsz;		/* field size expanded by dprec, sign, etc */
430 	int size;		/* size of converted field or string */
431 	int prsize;             /* max size of printed field */
432 	const char *xdigs;	/* digits for [xX] conversion */
433 	struct io_state io;	/* I/O buffering state */
434 	wchar_t buf[BUF];	/* buffer with space for digits of uintmax_t */
435 	wchar_t ox[2];		/* space for 0x hex-prefix */
436 	union arg *argtable;	/* args, built due to positional arg */
437 	union arg statargtable [STATIC_ARG_TBL_SIZE];
438 	int nextarg;		/* 1-based argument index */
439 	va_list orgap;		/* original argument pointer */
440 	wchar_t *convbuf;	/* multibyte to wide conversion result */
441 	int savserr;
442 
443 	static const char xdigs_lower[16] = "0123456789abcdef";
444 	static const char xdigs_upper[16] = "0123456789ABCDEF";
445 
446 	/* BEWARE, these `goto error' on error. */
447 #define	PRINT(ptr, len)	do {			\
448 	if (io_print(&io, (ptr), (len), locale))	\
449 		goto error; \
450 } while (0)
451 #define	PAD(howmany, with) { \
452 	if (io_pad(&io, (howmany), (with), locale)) \
453 		goto error; \
454 }
455 #define	PRINTANDPAD(p, ep, len, with) {	\
456 	if (io_printandpad(&io, (p), (ep), (len), (with), locale)) \
457 		goto error; \
458 }
459 #define	FLUSH() { \
460 	if (io_flush(&io, locale)) \
461 		goto error; \
462 }
463 
464 	/*
465 	 * Get the argument indexed by nextarg.   If the argument table is
466 	 * built, use it to get the argument.  If its not, get the next
467 	 * argument (and arguments must be gotten sequentially).
468 	 */
469 #define GETARG(type) \
470 	((argtable != NULL) ? *((type*)(&argtable[nextarg++])) : \
471 	    (nextarg++, va_arg(ap, type)))
472 
473 	/*
474 	 * To extend shorts properly, we need both signed and unsigned
475 	 * argument extraction methods.
476 	 */
477 #define	SARG() \
478 	(flags&LONGINT ? GETARG(long) : \
479 	    flags&SHORTINT ? (long)(short)GETARG(int) : \
480 	    flags&CHARINT ? (long)(signed char)GETARG(int) : \
481 	    (long)GETARG(int))
482 #define	UARG() \
483 	(flags&LONGINT ? GETARG(u_long) : \
484 	    flags&SHORTINT ? (u_long)(u_short)GETARG(int) : \
485 	    flags&CHARINT ? (u_long)(u_char)GETARG(int) : \
486 	    (u_long)GETARG(u_int))
487 #define	INTMAX_SIZE	(INTMAXT|SIZET|PTRDIFFT|LLONGINT)
488 #define SJARG() \
489 	(flags&INTMAXT ? GETARG(intmax_t) : \
490 	    flags&SIZET ? (intmax_t)GETARG(ssize_t) : \
491 	    flags&PTRDIFFT ? (intmax_t)GETARG(ptrdiff_t) : \
492 	    (intmax_t)GETARG(long long))
493 #define	UJARG() \
494 	(flags&INTMAXT ? GETARG(uintmax_t) : \
495 	    flags&SIZET ? (uintmax_t)GETARG(size_t) : \
496 	    flags&PTRDIFFT ? (uintmax_t)GETARG(ptrdiff_t) : \
497 	    (uintmax_t)GETARG(unsigned long long))
498 
499 	/*
500 	 * Get * arguments, including the form *nn$.  Preserve the nextarg
501 	 * that the argument can be gotten once the type is determined.
502 	 */
503 #define GETASTER(val) \
504 	n2 = 0; \
505 	cp = fmt; \
506 	while (is_digit(*cp)) { \
507 		n2 = 10 * n2 + to_digit(*cp); \
508 		cp++; \
509 	} \
510 	if (*cp == '$') { \
511 		int hold = nextarg; \
512 		if (argtable == NULL) { \
513 			argtable = statargtable; \
514 			if (__find_warguments (fmt0, orgap, &argtable)) { \
515 				ret = EOF; \
516 				goto error; \
517 			} \
518 		} \
519 		nextarg = n2; \
520 		val = GETARG (int); \
521 		nextarg = hold; \
522 		fmt = ++cp; \
523 	} else { \
524 		val = GETARG (int); \
525 	}
526 
527 
528 	/* sorry, fwprintf(read_only_file, L"") returns WEOF, not 0 */
529 	if (prepwrite(fp) != 0) {
530 		errno = EBADF;
531 		return (EOF);
532 	}
533 
534 	savserr = fp->_flags & __SERR;
535 	fp->_flags &= ~__SERR;
536 
537 	convbuf = NULL;
538 	fmt = (wchar_t *)fmt0;
539 	argtable = NULL;
540 	nextarg = 1;
541 	va_copy(orgap, ap);
542 	io_init(&io, fp);
543 	ret = 0;
544 #ifndef NO_FLOATING_POINT
545 	decimal_point = get_decpt(locale);
546 #endif
547 
548 	/*
549 	 * Scan the format for conversions (`%' character).
550 	 */
551 	for (;;) {
552 		for (cp = fmt; (ch = *fmt) != '\0' && ch != '%'; fmt++)
553 			/* void */;
554 		if ((n = fmt - cp) != 0) {
555 			if ((unsigned)ret + n > INT_MAX) {
556 				ret = EOF;
557 				errno = EOVERFLOW;
558 				goto error;
559 			}
560 			PRINT(cp, n);
561 			ret += n;
562 		}
563 		if (ch == '\0')
564 			goto done;
565 		fmt++;		/* skip over '%' */
566 
567 		flags = 0;
568 		dprec = 0;
569 		width = 0;
570 		prec = -1;
571 		gs.grouping = NULL;
572 		sign = '\0';
573 		ox[1] = '\0';
574 
575 rflag:		ch = *fmt++;
576 reswitch:	switch (ch) {
577 		case ' ':
578 			/*-
579 			 * ``If the space and + flags both appear, the space
580 			 * flag will be ignored.''
581 			 *	-- ANSI X3J11
582 			 */
583 			if (!sign)
584 				sign = ' ';
585 			goto rflag;
586 		case '#':
587 			flags |= ALT;
588 			goto rflag;
589 		case '*':
590 			/*-
591 			 * ``A negative field width argument is taken as a
592 			 * - flag followed by a positive field width.''
593 			 *	-- ANSI X3J11
594 			 * They don't exclude field widths read from args.
595 			 */
596 			GETASTER (width);
597 			if (width >= 0)
598 				goto rflag;
599 			width = -width;
600 			/* FALLTHROUGH */
601 		case '-':
602 			flags |= LADJUST;
603 			goto rflag;
604 		case '+':
605 			sign = '+';
606 			goto rflag;
607 		case '\'':
608 			flags |= GROUPING;
609 			goto rflag;
610 		case '.':
611 			if ((ch = *fmt++) == '*') {
612 				GETASTER (prec);
613 				goto rflag;
614 			}
615 			prec = 0;
616 			while (is_digit(ch)) {
617 				prec = 10 * prec + to_digit(ch);
618 				ch = *fmt++;
619 			}
620 			goto reswitch;
621 		case '0':
622 			/*-
623 			 * ``Note that 0 is taken as a flag, not as the
624 			 * beginning of a field width.''
625 			 *	-- ANSI X3J11
626 			 */
627 			flags |= ZEROPAD;
628 			goto rflag;
629 		case '1': case '2': case '3': case '4':
630 		case '5': case '6': case '7': case '8': case '9':
631 			n = 0;
632 			do {
633 				n = 10 * n + to_digit(ch);
634 				ch = *fmt++;
635 			} while (is_digit(ch));
636 			if (ch == '$') {
637 				nextarg = n;
638 				if (argtable == NULL) {
639 					argtable = statargtable;
640 					if (__find_warguments (fmt0, orgap,
641 							       &argtable)) {
642 						ret = EOF;
643 						goto error;
644 					}
645 				}
646 				goto rflag;
647 			}
648 			width = n;
649 			goto reswitch;
650 #ifndef NO_FLOATING_POINT
651 		case 'L':
652 			flags |= LONGDBL;
653 			goto rflag;
654 #endif
655 		case 'h':
656 			if (flags & SHORTINT) {
657 				flags &= ~SHORTINT;
658 				flags |= CHARINT;
659 			} else
660 				flags |= SHORTINT;
661 			goto rflag;
662 		case 'j':
663 			flags |= INTMAXT;
664 			goto rflag;
665 		case 'l':
666 			if (flags & LONGINT) {
667 				flags &= ~LONGINT;
668 				flags |= LLONGINT;
669 			} else
670 				flags |= LONGINT;
671 			goto rflag;
672 		case 'q':
673 			flags |= LLONGINT;	/* not necessarily */
674 			goto rflag;
675 		case 't':
676 			flags |= PTRDIFFT;
677 			goto rflag;
678 		case 'w':
679 			/*
680 			 * Fixed-width integer types.  On all platforms we
681 			 * support, int8_t is equivalent to char, int16_t
682 			 * is equivalent to short, int32_t is equivalent
683 			 * to int, int64_t is equivalent to long long int.
684 			 * Furthermore, int_fast8_t, int_fast16_t and
685 			 * int_fast32_t are equivalent to int, and
686 			 * int_fast64_t is equivalent to long long int.
687 			 */
688 			flags &= ~(CHARINT|SHORTINT|LONGINT|LLONGINT|INTMAXT);
689 			if (fmt[0] == 'f') {
690 				flags |= FASTINT;
691 				fmt++;
692 			} else {
693 				flags &= ~FASTINT;
694 			}
695 			if (fmt[0] == '8') {
696 				if (!(flags & FASTINT))
697 					flags |= CHARINT;
698 				else
699 					/* no flag set = 32 */ ;
700 				fmt += 1;
701 			} else if (fmt[0] == '1' && fmt[1] == '6') {
702 				if (!(flags & FASTINT))
703 					flags |= SHORTINT;
704 				else
705 					/* no flag set = 32 */ ;
706 				fmt += 2;
707 			} else if (fmt[0] == '3' && fmt[1] == '2') {
708 				/* no flag set = 32 */ ;
709 				fmt += 2;
710 			} else if (fmt[0] == '6' && fmt[1] == '4') {
711 				flags |= LLONGINT;
712 				fmt += 2;
713 			} else {
714 				if (flags & FASTINT) {
715 					flags &= ~FASTINT;
716 					fmt--;
717 				}
718 				goto invalid;
719 			}
720 			goto rflag;
721 		case 'z':
722 			flags |= SIZET;
723 			goto rflag;
724 		case 'B':
725 		case 'b':
726 			if (flags & INTMAX_SIZE)
727 				ujval = UJARG();
728 			else
729 				ulval = UARG();
730 			base = 2;
731 			/* leading 0b/B only if non-zero */
732 			if (flags & ALT &&
733 			    (flags & INTMAX_SIZE ? ujval != 0 : ulval != 0))
734 				ox[1] = ch;
735 			goto nosign;
736 			break;
737 		case 'C':
738 			flags |= LONGINT;
739 			/*FALLTHROUGH*/
740 		case 'c':
741 			if (flags & LONGINT)
742 				*(cp = buf) = (wchar_t)GETARG(wint_t);
743 			else
744 				*(cp = buf) = (wchar_t)btowc(GETARG(int));
745 			size = 1;
746 			sign = '\0';
747 			break;
748 		case 'D':
749 			flags |= LONGINT;
750 			/*FALLTHROUGH*/
751 		case 'd':
752 		case 'i':
753 			if (flags & INTMAX_SIZE) {
754 				ujval = SJARG();
755 				if ((intmax_t)ujval < 0) {
756 					ujval = -ujval;
757 					sign = '-';
758 				}
759 			} else {
760 				ulval = SARG();
761 				if ((long)ulval < 0) {
762 					ulval = -ulval;
763 					sign = '-';
764 				}
765 			}
766 			base = 10;
767 			goto number;
768 #ifndef NO_FLOATING_POINT
769 		case 'a':
770 		case 'A':
771 			if (ch == 'a') {
772 				ox[1] = 'x';
773 				xdigs = xdigs_lower;
774 				expchar = 'p';
775 			} else {
776 				ox[1] = 'X';
777 				xdigs = xdigs_upper;
778 				expchar = 'P';
779 			}
780 			if (prec >= 0)
781 				prec++;
782 			if (flags & LONGDBL) {
783 				fparg.ldbl = GETARG(long double);
784 				dtoaresult =
785 				    __hldtoa(fparg.ldbl, xdigs, prec,
786 				        &expt, &signflag, &dtoaend);
787 			} else {
788 				fparg.dbl = GETARG(double);
789 				dtoaresult =
790 				    __hdtoa(fparg.dbl, xdigs, prec,
791 				        &expt, &signflag, &dtoaend);
792 			}
793 			if (prec < 0)
794 				prec = dtoaend - dtoaresult;
795 			if (expt == INT_MAX)
796 				ox[1] = '\0';
797 			if (convbuf != NULL)
798 				free(convbuf);
799 			ndig = dtoaend - dtoaresult;
800 			cp = convbuf = __mbsconv(dtoaresult, -1);
801 			freedtoa(dtoaresult);
802 			goto fp_common;
803 		case 'e':
804 		case 'E':
805 			expchar = ch;
806 			if (prec < 0)	/* account for digit before decpt */
807 				prec = DEFPREC + 1;
808 			else
809 				prec++;
810 			goto fp_begin;
811 		case 'f':
812 		case 'F':
813 			expchar = '\0';
814 			goto fp_begin;
815 		case 'g':
816 		case 'G':
817 			expchar = ch - ('g' - 'e');
818 			if (prec == 0)
819 				prec = 1;
820 fp_begin:
821 			if (prec < 0)
822 				prec = DEFPREC;
823 			if (convbuf != NULL)
824 				free(convbuf);
825 			if (flags & LONGDBL) {
826 				fparg.ldbl = GETARG(long double);
827 				dtoaresult =
828 				    __ldtoa(&fparg.ldbl, expchar ? 2 : 3, prec,
829 				    &expt, &signflag, &dtoaend);
830 			} else {
831 				fparg.dbl = GETARG(double);
832 				dtoaresult =
833 				    dtoa(fparg.dbl, expchar ? 2 : 3, prec,
834 				    &expt, &signflag, &dtoaend);
835 				if (expt == 9999)
836 					expt = INT_MAX;
837 			}
838 			ndig = dtoaend - dtoaresult;
839 			cp = convbuf = __mbsconv(dtoaresult, -1);
840 			freedtoa(dtoaresult);
841 fp_common:
842 			if (signflag)
843 				sign = '-';
844 			if (expt == INT_MAX) {	/* inf or nan */
845 				if (*cp == 'N') {
846 					cp = (ch >= 'a') ? L"nan" : L"NAN";
847 					sign = '\0';
848 				} else
849 					cp = (ch >= 'a') ? L"inf" : L"INF";
850 				size = 3;
851 				flags &= ~ZEROPAD;
852 				break;
853 			}
854 			flags |= FPT;
855 			if (ch == 'g' || ch == 'G') {
856 				if (expt > -4 && expt <= prec) {
857 					/* Make %[gG] smell like %[fF] */
858 					expchar = '\0';
859 					if (flags & ALT)
860 						prec -= expt;
861 					else
862 						prec = ndig - expt;
863 					if (prec < 0)
864 						prec = 0;
865 				} else {
866 					/*
867 					 * Make %[gG] smell like %[eE], but
868 					 * trim trailing zeroes if no # flag.
869 					 */
870 					if (!(flags & ALT))
871 						prec = ndig;
872 				}
873 			}
874 			if (expchar) {
875 				expsize = exponent(expstr, expt - 1, expchar);
876 				size = expsize + prec;
877 				if (prec > 1 || flags & ALT)
878 					++size;
879 			} else {
880 				/* space for digits before decimal point */
881 				if (expt > 0)
882 					size = expt;
883 				else	/* "0" */
884 					size = 1;
885 				/* space for decimal pt and following digits */
886 				if (prec || flags & ALT)
887 					size += prec + 1;
888 				if ((flags & GROUPING) && expt > 0)
889 					size += grouping_init(&gs, expt, locale);
890 			}
891 			break;
892 #endif /* !NO_FLOATING_POINT */
893 		case 'n':
894 			/*
895 			 * Assignment-like behavior is specified if the
896 			 * value overflows or is otherwise unrepresentable.
897 			 * C99 says to use `signed char' for %hhn conversions.
898 			 */
899 			if (flags & LLONGINT)
900 				*GETARG(long long *) = ret;
901 			else if (flags & SIZET)
902 				*GETARG(ssize_t *) = (ssize_t)ret;
903 			else if (flags & PTRDIFFT)
904 				*GETARG(ptrdiff_t *) = ret;
905 			else if (flags & INTMAXT)
906 				*GETARG(intmax_t *) = ret;
907 			else if (flags & LONGINT)
908 				*GETARG(long *) = ret;
909 			else if (flags & SHORTINT)
910 				*GETARG(short *) = ret;
911 			else if (flags & CHARINT)
912 				*GETARG(signed char *) = ret;
913 			else
914 				*GETARG(int *) = ret;
915 			continue;	/* no output */
916 		case 'O':
917 			flags |= LONGINT;
918 			/*FALLTHROUGH*/
919 		case 'o':
920 			if (flags & INTMAX_SIZE)
921 				ujval = UJARG();
922 			else
923 				ulval = UARG();
924 			base = 8;
925 			goto nosign;
926 		case 'p':
927 			/*-
928 			 * ``The argument shall be a pointer to void.  The
929 			 * value of the pointer is converted to a sequence
930 			 * of printable characters, in an implementation-
931 			 * defined manner.''
932 			 *	-- ANSI X3J11
933 			 */
934 			ujval = (uintmax_t)(uintptr_t)GETARG(void *);
935 			base = 16;
936 			xdigs = xdigs_lower;
937 			flags = flags | INTMAXT;
938 			ox[1] = 'x';
939 			goto nosign;
940 		case 'S':
941 			flags |= LONGINT;
942 			/*FALLTHROUGH*/
943 		case 's':
944 			if (flags & LONGINT) {
945 				if ((cp = GETARG(wchar_t *)) == NULL)
946 					cp = L"(null)";
947 			} else {
948 				char *mbp;
949 
950 				if (convbuf != NULL)
951 					free(convbuf);
952 				if ((mbp = GETARG(char *)) == NULL)
953 					cp = L"(null)";
954 				else {
955 					convbuf = __mbsconv(mbp, prec);
956 					if (convbuf == NULL) {
957 						fp->_flags |= __SERR;
958 						goto error;
959 					}
960 					cp = convbuf;
961 				}
962 			}
963 			size = (prec >= 0) ? wcsnlen(cp, prec) : wcslen(cp);
964 			sign = '\0';
965 			break;
966 		case 'U':
967 			flags |= LONGINT;
968 			/*FALLTHROUGH*/
969 		case 'u':
970 			if (flags & INTMAX_SIZE)
971 				ujval = UJARG();
972 			else
973 				ulval = UARG();
974 			base = 10;
975 			goto nosign;
976 		case 'X':
977 			xdigs = xdigs_upper;
978 			goto hex;
979 		case 'x':
980 			xdigs = xdigs_lower;
981 hex:
982 			if (flags & INTMAX_SIZE)
983 				ujval = UJARG();
984 			else
985 				ulval = UARG();
986 			base = 16;
987 			/* leading 0x/X only if non-zero */
988 			if (flags & ALT &&
989 			    (flags & INTMAX_SIZE ? ujval != 0 : ulval != 0))
990 				ox[1] = ch;
991 
992 			flags &= ~GROUPING;
993 			/* unsigned conversions */
994 nosign:			sign = '\0';
995 			/*-
996 			 * ``... diouXx conversions ... if a precision is
997 			 * specified, the 0 flag will be ignored.''
998 			 *	-- ANSI X3J11
999 			 */
1000 number:			if ((dprec = prec) >= 0)
1001 				flags &= ~ZEROPAD;
1002 
1003 			/*-
1004 			 * ``The result of converting a zero value with an
1005 			 * explicit precision of zero is no characters.''
1006 			 *	-- ANSI X3J11
1007 			 *
1008 			 * ``The C Standard is clear enough as is.  The call
1009 			 * printf("%#.0o", 0) should print 0.''
1010 			 *	-- Defect Report #151
1011 			 */
1012 			cp = buf + BUF;
1013 			if (flags & INTMAX_SIZE) {
1014 				if (ujval != 0 || prec != 0 ||
1015 				    (flags & ALT && base == 8))
1016 					cp = __ujtoa(ujval, cp, base,
1017 					    flags & ALT, xdigs);
1018 			} else {
1019 				if (ulval != 0 || prec != 0 ||
1020 				    (flags & ALT && base == 8))
1021 					cp = __ultoa(ulval, cp, base,
1022 					    flags & ALT, xdigs);
1023 			}
1024 			size = buf + BUF - cp;
1025 			if (size > BUF)	/* should never happen */
1026 				abort();
1027 			if ((flags & GROUPING) && size != 0)
1028 				size += grouping_init(&gs, size, locale);
1029 			break;
1030 		default:	/* "%?" prints ?, unless ? is NUL */
1031 			if (ch == '\0')
1032 				goto done;
1033 invalid:
1034 			/* pretend it was %c with argument ch */
1035 			cp = buf;
1036 			*cp = ch;
1037 			size = 1;
1038 			sign = '\0';
1039 			break;
1040 		}
1041 
1042 		/*
1043 		 * All reasonable formats wind up here.  At this point, `cp'
1044 		 * points to a string which (if not flags&LADJUST) should be
1045 		 * padded out to `width' places.  If flags&ZEROPAD, it should
1046 		 * first be prefixed by any sign or other prefix; otherwise,
1047 		 * it should be blank padded before the prefix is emitted.
1048 		 * After any left-hand padding and prefixing, emit zeroes
1049 		 * required by a decimal [diouxX] precision, then print the
1050 		 * string proper, then emit zeroes required by any leftover
1051 		 * floating precision; finally, if LADJUST, pad with blanks.
1052 		 *
1053 		 * Compute actual size, so we know how much to pad.
1054 		 * size excludes decimal prec; realsz includes it.
1055 		 */
1056 		realsz = dprec > size ? dprec : size;
1057 		if (sign)
1058 			realsz++;
1059 		if (ox[1])
1060 			realsz += 2;
1061 
1062 		prsize = width > realsz ? width : realsz;
1063 		if ((unsigned)ret + prsize > INT_MAX) {
1064 			ret = EOF;
1065 			errno = EOVERFLOW;
1066 			goto error;
1067 		}
1068 
1069 		/* right-adjusting blank padding */
1070 		if ((flags & (LADJUST|ZEROPAD)) == 0)
1071 			PAD(width - realsz, blanks);
1072 
1073 		/* prefix */
1074 		if (sign)
1075 			PRINT(&sign, 1);
1076 
1077 		if (ox[1]) {	/* ox[1] is either x, X, or \0 */
1078 			ox[0] = '0';
1079 			PRINT(ox, 2);
1080 		}
1081 
1082 		/* right-adjusting zero padding */
1083 		if ((flags & (LADJUST|ZEROPAD)) == ZEROPAD)
1084 			PAD(width - realsz, zeroes);
1085 
1086 		/* the string or number proper */
1087 #ifndef NO_FLOATING_POINT
1088 		if ((flags & FPT) == 0) {
1089 #endif
1090 			/* leading zeroes from decimal precision */
1091 			PAD(dprec - size, zeroes);
1092 			if (gs.grouping) {
1093 				if (grouping_print(&gs, &io, cp, buf+BUF, locale) < 0)
1094 					goto error;
1095 			} else {
1096 				PRINT(cp, size);
1097 			}
1098 #ifndef NO_FLOATING_POINT
1099 		} else {	/* glue together f_p fragments */
1100 			if (!expchar) {	/* %[fF] or sufficiently short %[gG] */
1101 				if (expt <= 0) {
1102 					PRINT(zeroes, 1);
1103 					if (prec || flags & ALT)
1104 						PRINT(&decimal_point, 1);
1105 					PAD(-expt, zeroes);
1106 					/* already handled initial 0's */
1107 					prec += expt;
1108 				} else {
1109 					if (gs.grouping) {
1110 						n = grouping_print(&gs, &io,
1111 						    cp, convbuf + ndig, locale);
1112 						if (n < 0)
1113 							goto error;
1114 						cp += n;
1115 					} else {
1116 						PRINTANDPAD(cp, convbuf + ndig,
1117 						    expt, zeroes);
1118 						cp += expt;
1119 					}
1120 					if (prec || flags & ALT)
1121 						PRINT(&decimal_point, 1);
1122 				}
1123 				PRINTANDPAD(cp, convbuf + ndig, prec, zeroes);
1124 			} else {	/* %[eE] or sufficiently long %[gG] */
1125 				if (prec > 1 || flags & ALT) {
1126 					buf[0] = *cp++;
1127 					buf[1] = decimal_point;
1128 					PRINT(buf, 2);
1129 					PRINT(cp, ndig-1);
1130 					PAD(prec - ndig, zeroes);
1131 				} else	/* XeYYY */
1132 					PRINT(cp, 1);
1133 				PRINT(expstr, expsize);
1134 			}
1135 		}
1136 #endif
1137 		/* left-adjusting padding (always blank) */
1138 		if (flags & LADJUST)
1139 			PAD(width - realsz, blanks);
1140 
1141 		/* finally, adjust ret */
1142 		ret += prsize;
1143 
1144 		FLUSH();	/* copy out the I/O vectors */
1145 	}
1146 done:
1147 	FLUSH();
1148 error:
1149 	va_end(orgap);
1150 	if (convbuf != NULL)
1151 		free(convbuf);
1152 	if (__sferror(fp))
1153 		ret = EOF;
1154 	else
1155 		fp->_flags |= savserr;
1156 	if ((argtable != NULL) && (argtable != statargtable))
1157 		free (argtable);
1158 	return (ret);
1159 	/* NOTREACHED */
1160 }
1161