xref: /freebsd/lib/libc/stdio/vfprintf.c (revision ef36b3f75658d201edb495068db5e1be49593de5)
1 /*-
2  * Copyright (c) 1990, 1993
3  *	The Regents of the University of California.  All rights reserved.
4  *
5  * This code is derived from software contributed to Berkeley by
6  * Chris Torek.
7  *
8  * Copyright (c) 2011 The FreeBSD Foundation
9  * All rights reserved.
10  * Portions of this software were developed by David Chisnall
11  * under sponsorship from the FreeBSD Foundation.
12  *
13  * Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
14  * modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions
15  * are met:
16  * 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
17  *    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
18  * 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright
19  *    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the
20  *    documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
21  * 3. Neither the name of the University nor the names of its contributors
22  *    may be used to endorse or promote products derived from this software
23  *    without specific prior written permission.
24  *
25  * THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE REGENTS AND CONTRIBUTORS ``AS IS'' AND
26  * ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE
27  * IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE
28  * ARE DISCLAIMED.  IN NO EVENT SHALL THE REGENTS OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE
29  * FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL
30  * DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS
31  * OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION)
32  * HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT
33  * LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY
34  * OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF
35  * SUCH DAMAGE.
36  */
37 
38 #if defined(LIBC_SCCS) && !defined(lint)
39 static char sccsid[] = "@(#)vfprintf.c	8.1 (Berkeley) 6/4/93";
40 #endif /* LIBC_SCCS and not lint */
41 #include <sys/cdefs.h>
42 __FBSDID("$FreeBSD$");
43 
44 /*
45  * Actual printf innards.
46  *
47  * This code is large and complicated...
48  */
49 
50 #include "namespace.h"
51 #include <sys/types.h>
52 
53 #include <ctype.h>
54 #include <errno.h>
55 #include <limits.h>
56 #include <locale.h>
57 #include <stddef.h>
58 #include <stdint.h>
59 #include <stdio.h>
60 #include <stdlib.h>
61 #include <string.h>
62 #include <wchar.h>
63 #include <printf.h>
64 
65 #include <stdarg.h>
66 #include "xlocale_private.h"
67 #include "un-namespace.h"
68 
69 #include "libc_private.h"
70 #include "local.h"
71 #include "fvwrite.h"
72 #include "printflocal.h"
73 
74 static int	__sprint(FILE *, struct __suio *, locale_t);
75 static int	__sbprintf(FILE *, locale_t, const char *, va_list) __printflike(3, 0)
76 	__noinline;
77 static char	*__wcsconv(wchar_t *, int);
78 
79 #define	CHAR	char
80 #include "printfcommon.h"
81 
82 struct grouping_state {
83 	char *thousands_sep;	/* locale-specific thousands separator */
84 	int thousep_len;	/* length of thousands_sep */
85 	const char *grouping;	/* locale-specific numeric grouping rules */
86 	int lead;		/* sig figs before decimal or group sep */
87 	int nseps;		/* number of group separators with ' */
88 	int nrepeats;		/* number of repeats of the last group */
89 };
90 
91 /*
92  * Initialize the thousands' grouping state in preparation to print a
93  * number with ndigits digits. This routine returns the total number
94  * of bytes that will be needed.
95  */
96 static int
97 grouping_init(struct grouping_state *gs, int ndigits, locale_t loc)
98 {
99 	struct lconv *locale;
100 
101 	locale = localeconv_l(loc);
102 	gs->grouping = locale->grouping;
103 	gs->thousands_sep = locale->thousands_sep;
104 	gs->thousep_len = strlen(gs->thousands_sep);
105 
106 	gs->nseps = gs->nrepeats = 0;
107 	gs->lead = ndigits;
108 	while (*gs->grouping != CHAR_MAX) {
109 		if (gs->lead <= *gs->grouping)
110 			break;
111 		gs->lead -= *gs->grouping;
112 		if (*(gs->grouping+1)) {
113 			gs->nseps++;
114 			gs->grouping++;
115 		} else
116 			gs->nrepeats++;
117 	}
118 	return ((gs->nseps + gs->nrepeats) * gs->thousep_len);
119 }
120 
121 /*
122  * Print a number with thousands' separators.
123  */
124 static int
125 grouping_print(struct grouping_state *gs, struct io_state *iop,
126 	       const CHAR *cp, const CHAR *ep, locale_t locale)
127 {
128 	const CHAR *cp0 = cp;
129 
130 	if (io_printandpad(iop, cp, ep, gs->lead, zeroes, locale))
131 		return (-1);
132 	cp += gs->lead;
133 	while (gs->nseps > 0 || gs->nrepeats > 0) {
134 		if (gs->nrepeats > 0)
135 			gs->nrepeats--;
136 		else {
137 			gs->grouping--;
138 			gs->nseps--;
139 		}
140 		if (io_print(iop, gs->thousands_sep, gs->thousep_len, locale))
141 			return (-1);
142 		if (io_printandpad(iop, cp, ep, *gs->grouping, zeroes, locale))
143 			return (-1);
144 		cp += *gs->grouping;
145 	}
146 	if (cp > ep)
147 		cp = ep;
148 	return (cp - cp0);
149 }
150 
151 /*
152  * Flush out all the vectors defined by the given uio,
153  * then reset it so that it can be reused.
154  */
155 static int
156 __sprint(FILE *fp, struct __suio *uio, locale_t locale)
157 {
158 	int err;
159 
160 	if (uio->uio_resid == 0) {
161 		uio->uio_iovcnt = 0;
162 		return (0);
163 	}
164 	err = __sfvwrite(fp, uio);
165 	uio->uio_resid = 0;
166 	uio->uio_iovcnt = 0;
167 	return (err);
168 }
169 
170 /*
171  * Helper function for `fprintf to unbuffered unix file': creates a
172  * temporary buffer.  We only work on write-only files; this avoids
173  * worries about ungetc buffers and so forth.
174  */
175 static int
176 __sbprintf(FILE *fp, locale_t locale, const char *fmt, va_list ap)
177 {
178 	int ret;
179 	FILE fake = FAKE_FILE;
180 	unsigned char buf[BUFSIZ];
181 
182 	/* XXX This is probably not needed. */
183 	if (prepwrite(fp) != 0)
184 		return (EOF);
185 
186 	/* copy the important variables */
187 	fake._flags = fp->_flags & ~__SNBF;
188 	fake._file = fp->_file;
189 	fake._cookie = fp->_cookie;
190 	fake._write = fp->_write;
191 	fake._orientation = fp->_orientation;
192 	fake._mbstate = fp->_mbstate;
193 
194 	/* set up the buffer */
195 	fake._bf._base = fake._p = buf;
196 	fake._bf._size = fake._w = sizeof(buf);
197 	fake._lbfsize = 0;	/* not actually used, but Just In Case */
198 
199 	/* do the work, then copy any error status */
200 	ret = __vfprintf(&fake, locale, fmt, ap);
201 	if (ret >= 0 && __fflush(&fake))
202 		ret = EOF;
203 	if (fake._flags & __SERR)
204 		fp->_flags |= __SERR;
205 	return (ret);
206 }
207 
208 /*
209  * Convert a wide character string argument for the %ls format to a multibyte
210  * string representation. If not -1, prec specifies the maximum number of
211  * bytes to output, and also means that we can't assume that the wide char.
212  * string ends is null-terminated.
213  */
214 static char *
215 __wcsconv(wchar_t *wcsarg, int prec)
216 {
217 	static const mbstate_t initial;
218 	mbstate_t mbs;
219 	char buf[MB_LEN_MAX];
220 	wchar_t *p;
221 	char *convbuf;
222 	size_t clen, nbytes;
223 
224 	/* Allocate space for the maximum number of bytes we could output. */
225 	if (prec < 0) {
226 		p = wcsarg;
227 		mbs = initial;
228 		nbytes = wcsrtombs(NULL, (const wchar_t **)&p, 0, &mbs);
229 		if (nbytes == (size_t)-1)
230 			return (NULL);
231 	} else {
232 		/*
233 		 * Optimisation: if the output precision is small enough,
234 		 * just allocate enough memory for the maximum instead of
235 		 * scanning the string.
236 		 */
237 		if (prec < 128)
238 			nbytes = prec;
239 		else {
240 			nbytes = 0;
241 			p = wcsarg;
242 			mbs = initial;
243 			for (;;) {
244 				clen = wcrtomb(buf, *p++, &mbs);
245 				if (clen == 0 || clen == (size_t)-1 ||
246 				    nbytes + clen > prec)
247 					break;
248 				nbytes += clen;
249 			}
250 		}
251 	}
252 	if ((convbuf = malloc(nbytes + 1)) == NULL)
253 		return (NULL);
254 
255 	/* Fill the output buffer. */
256 	p = wcsarg;
257 	mbs = initial;
258 	if ((nbytes = wcsrtombs(convbuf, (const wchar_t **)&p,
259 	    nbytes, &mbs)) == (size_t)-1) {
260 		free(convbuf);
261 		return (NULL);
262 	}
263 	convbuf[nbytes] = '\0';
264 	return (convbuf);
265 }
266 
267 /*
268  * MT-safe version
269  */
270 int
271 vfprintf_l(FILE * __restrict fp, locale_t locale, const char * __restrict fmt0,
272 		va_list ap)
273 {
274 	int ret;
275 	FIX_LOCALE(locale);
276 
277 	FLOCKFILE_CANCELSAFE(fp);
278 	/* optimise fprintf(stderr) (and other unbuffered Unix files) */
279 	if ((fp->_flags & (__SNBF|__SWR|__SRW)) == (__SNBF|__SWR) &&
280 	    fp->_file >= 0)
281 		ret = __sbprintf(fp, locale, fmt0, ap);
282 	else
283 		ret = __vfprintf(fp, locale, fmt0, ap);
284 	FUNLOCKFILE_CANCELSAFE();
285 	return (ret);
286 }
287 int
288 vfprintf(FILE * __restrict fp, const char * __restrict fmt0, va_list ap)
289 {
290 	return vfprintf_l(fp, __get_locale(), fmt0, ap);
291 }
292 
293 /*
294  * The size of the buffer we use as scratch space for integer
295  * conversions, among other things.  We need enough space to
296  * write a uintmax_t in octal (plus one byte).
297  */
298 #if UINTMAX_MAX <= UINT64_MAX
299 #define	BUF	32
300 #else
301 #error "BUF must be large enough to format a uintmax_t"
302 #endif
303 
304 /*
305  * Non-MT-safe version
306  */
307 int
308 __vfprintf(FILE *fp, locale_t locale, const char *fmt0, va_list ap)
309 {
310 	char *fmt;		/* format string */
311 	int ch;			/* character from fmt */
312 	int n, n2;		/* handy integer (short term usage) */
313 	char *cp;		/* handy char pointer (short term usage) */
314 	int flags;		/* flags as above */
315 	int ret;		/* return value accumulator */
316 	int width;		/* width from format (%8d), or 0 */
317 	int prec;		/* precision from format; <0 for N/A */
318 	char sign;		/* sign prefix (' ', '+', '-', or \0) */
319 	struct grouping_state gs; /* thousands' grouping info */
320 
321 #ifndef NO_FLOATING_POINT
322 	/*
323 	 * We can decompose the printed representation of floating
324 	 * point numbers into several parts, some of which may be empty:
325 	 *
326 	 * [+|-| ] [0x|0X] MMM . NNN [e|E|p|P] [+|-] ZZ
327 	 *    A       B     ---C---      D       E   F
328 	 *
329 	 * A:	'sign' holds this value if present; '\0' otherwise
330 	 * B:	ox[1] holds the 'x' or 'X'; '\0' if not hexadecimal
331 	 * C:	cp points to the string MMMNNN.  Leading and trailing
332 	 *	zeros are not in the string and must be added.
333 	 * D:	expchar holds this character; '\0' if no exponent, e.g. %f
334 	 * F:	at least two digits for decimal, at least one digit for hex
335 	 */
336 	char *decimal_point;	/* locale specific decimal point */
337 	int decpt_len;		/* length of decimal_point */
338 	int signflag;		/* true if float is negative */
339 	union {			/* floating point arguments %[aAeEfFgG] */
340 		double dbl;
341 		long double ldbl;
342 	} fparg;
343 	int expt;		/* integer value of exponent */
344 	char expchar;		/* exponent character: [eEpP\0] */
345 	char *dtoaend;		/* pointer to end of converted digits */
346 	int expsize;		/* character count for expstr */
347 	int ndig;		/* actual number of digits returned by dtoa */
348 	char expstr[MAXEXPDIG+2];	/* buffer for exponent string: e+ZZZ */
349 	char *dtoaresult;	/* buffer allocated by dtoa */
350 #endif
351 	u_long	ulval;		/* integer arguments %[diouxX] */
352 	uintmax_t ujval;	/* %j, %ll, %q, %t, %z integers */
353 	int base;		/* base for [diouxX] conversion */
354 	int dprec;		/* a copy of prec if [diouxX], 0 otherwise */
355 	int realsz;		/* field size expanded by dprec, sign, etc */
356 	int size;		/* size of converted field or string */
357 	int prsize;             /* max size of printed field */
358 	const char *xdigs;     	/* digits for %[xX] conversion */
359 	struct io_state io;	/* I/O buffering state */
360 	char buf[BUF];		/* buffer with space for digits of uintmax_t */
361 	char ox[2];		/* space for 0x; ox[1] is either x, X, or \0 */
362 	union arg *argtable;    /* args, built due to positional arg */
363 	union arg statargtable [STATIC_ARG_TBL_SIZE];
364 	int nextarg;            /* 1-based argument index */
365 	va_list orgap;          /* original argument pointer */
366 	char *convbuf;		/* wide to multibyte conversion result */
367 	int savserr;
368 
369 	static const char xdigs_lower[16] = "0123456789abcdef";
370 	static const char xdigs_upper[16] = "0123456789ABCDEF";
371 
372 	/* BEWARE, these `goto error' on error. */
373 #define	PRINT(ptr, len) { \
374 	if (io_print(&io, (ptr), (len), locale))	\
375 		goto error; \
376 }
377 #define	PAD(howmany, with) { \
378 	if (io_pad(&io, (howmany), (with), locale)) \
379 		goto error; \
380 }
381 #define	PRINTANDPAD(p, ep, len, with) {	\
382 	if (io_printandpad(&io, (p), (ep), (len), (with), locale)) \
383 		goto error; \
384 }
385 #define	FLUSH() { \
386 	if (io_flush(&io, locale)) \
387 		goto error; \
388 }
389 
390 	/*
391 	 * Get the argument indexed by nextarg.   If the argument table is
392 	 * built, use it to get the argument.  If its not, get the next
393 	 * argument (and arguments must be gotten sequentially).
394 	 */
395 #define GETARG(type) \
396 	((argtable != NULL) ? *((type*)(&argtable[nextarg++])) : \
397 	    (nextarg++, va_arg(ap, type)))
398 
399 	/*
400 	 * To extend shorts properly, we need both signed and unsigned
401 	 * argument extraction methods.
402 	 */
403 #define	SARG() \
404 	(flags&LONGINT ? GETARG(long) : \
405 	    flags&SHORTINT ? (long)(short)GETARG(int) : \
406 	    flags&CHARINT ? (long)(signed char)GETARG(int) : \
407 	    (long)GETARG(int))
408 #define	UARG() \
409 	(flags&LONGINT ? GETARG(u_long) : \
410 	    flags&SHORTINT ? (u_long)(u_short)GETARG(int) : \
411 	    flags&CHARINT ? (u_long)(u_char)GETARG(int) : \
412 	    (u_long)GETARG(u_int))
413 #define	INTMAX_SIZE	(INTMAXT|SIZET|PTRDIFFT|LLONGINT)
414 #define SJARG() \
415 	(flags&INTMAXT ? GETARG(intmax_t) : \
416 	    flags&SIZET ? (intmax_t)GETARG(ssize_t) : \
417 	    flags&PTRDIFFT ? (intmax_t)GETARG(ptrdiff_t) : \
418 	    (intmax_t)GETARG(long long))
419 #define	UJARG() \
420 	(flags&INTMAXT ? GETARG(uintmax_t) : \
421 	    flags&SIZET ? (uintmax_t)GETARG(size_t) : \
422 	    flags&PTRDIFFT ? (uintmax_t)GETARG(ptrdiff_t) : \
423 	    (uintmax_t)GETARG(unsigned long long))
424 
425 	/*
426 	 * Get * arguments, including the form *nn$.  Preserve the nextarg
427 	 * that the argument can be gotten once the type is determined.
428 	 */
429 #define GETASTER(val) \
430 	n2 = 0; \
431 	cp = fmt; \
432 	while (is_digit(*cp)) { \
433 		n2 = 10 * n2 + to_digit(*cp); \
434 		cp++; \
435 	} \
436 	if (*cp == '$') { \
437 		int hold = nextarg; \
438 		if (argtable == NULL) { \
439 			argtable = statargtable; \
440 			if (__find_arguments (fmt0, orgap, &argtable)) { \
441 				ret = EOF; \
442 				goto error; \
443 			} \
444 		} \
445 		nextarg = n2; \
446 		val = GETARG (int); \
447 		nextarg = hold; \
448 		fmt = ++cp; \
449 	} else { \
450 		val = GETARG (int); \
451 	}
452 
453 	if (__use_xprintf == 0 && getenv("USE_XPRINTF"))
454 		__use_xprintf = 1;
455 	if (__use_xprintf > 0)
456 		return (__xvprintf(fp, fmt0, ap));
457 
458 	/* sorry, fprintf(read_only_file, "") returns EOF, not 0 */
459 	if (prepwrite(fp) != 0) {
460 		errno = EBADF;
461 		return (EOF);
462 	}
463 
464 	savserr = fp->_flags & __SERR;
465 	fp->_flags &= ~__SERR;
466 
467 	convbuf = NULL;
468 	fmt = (char *)fmt0;
469 	argtable = NULL;
470 	nextarg = 1;
471 	va_copy(orgap, ap);
472 	io_init(&io, fp);
473 	ret = 0;
474 #ifndef NO_FLOATING_POINT
475 	dtoaresult = NULL;
476 	decimal_point = localeconv_l(locale)->decimal_point;
477 	/* The overwhelmingly common case is decpt_len == 1. */
478 	decpt_len = (decimal_point[1] == '\0' ? 1 : strlen(decimal_point));
479 #endif
480 
481 	/*
482 	 * Scan the format for conversions (`%' character).
483 	 */
484 	for (;;) {
485 		for (cp = fmt; (ch = *fmt) != '\0' && ch != '%'; fmt++)
486 			/* void */;
487 		if ((n = fmt - cp) != 0) {
488 			if ((unsigned)ret + n > INT_MAX) {
489 				ret = EOF;
490 				errno = EOVERFLOW;
491 				goto error;
492 			}
493 			PRINT(cp, n);
494 			ret += n;
495 		}
496 		if (ch == '\0')
497 			goto done;
498 		fmt++;		/* skip over '%' */
499 
500 		flags = 0;
501 		dprec = 0;
502 		width = 0;
503 		prec = -1;
504 		gs.grouping = NULL;
505 		sign = '\0';
506 		ox[1] = '\0';
507 
508 rflag:		ch = *fmt++;
509 reswitch:	switch (ch) {
510 		case ' ':
511 			/*-
512 			 * ``If the space and + flags both appear, the space
513 			 * flag will be ignored.''
514 			 *	-- ANSI X3J11
515 			 */
516 			if (!sign)
517 				sign = ' ';
518 			goto rflag;
519 		case '#':
520 			flags |= ALT;
521 			goto rflag;
522 		case '*':
523 			/*-
524 			 * ``A negative field width argument is taken as a
525 			 * - flag followed by a positive field width.''
526 			 *	-- ANSI X3J11
527 			 * They don't exclude field widths read from args.
528 			 */
529 			GETASTER (width);
530 			if (width >= 0)
531 				goto rflag;
532 			width = -width;
533 			/* FALLTHROUGH */
534 		case '-':
535 			flags |= LADJUST;
536 			goto rflag;
537 		case '+':
538 			sign = '+';
539 			goto rflag;
540 		case '\'':
541 			flags |= GROUPING;
542 			goto rflag;
543 		case '.':
544 			if ((ch = *fmt++) == '*') {
545 				GETASTER (prec);
546 				goto rflag;
547 			}
548 			prec = 0;
549 			while (is_digit(ch)) {
550 				prec = 10 * prec + to_digit(ch);
551 				ch = *fmt++;
552 			}
553 			goto reswitch;
554 		case '0':
555 			/*-
556 			 * ``Note that 0 is taken as a flag, not as the
557 			 * beginning of a field width.''
558 			 *	-- ANSI X3J11
559 			 */
560 			flags |= ZEROPAD;
561 			goto rflag;
562 		case '1': case '2': case '3': case '4':
563 		case '5': case '6': case '7': case '8': case '9':
564 			n = 0;
565 			do {
566 				n = 10 * n + to_digit(ch);
567 				ch = *fmt++;
568 			} while (is_digit(ch));
569 			if (ch == '$') {
570 				nextarg = n;
571 				if (argtable == NULL) {
572 					argtable = statargtable;
573 					if (__find_arguments (fmt0, orgap,
574 							      &argtable)) {
575 						ret = EOF;
576 						goto error;
577 					}
578 				}
579 				goto rflag;
580 			}
581 			width = n;
582 			goto reswitch;
583 #ifndef NO_FLOATING_POINT
584 		case 'L':
585 			flags |= LONGDBL;
586 			goto rflag;
587 #endif
588 		case 'h':
589 			if (flags & SHORTINT) {
590 				flags &= ~SHORTINT;
591 				flags |= CHARINT;
592 			} else
593 				flags |= SHORTINT;
594 			goto rflag;
595 		case 'j':
596 			flags |= INTMAXT;
597 			goto rflag;
598 		case 'l':
599 			if (flags & LONGINT) {
600 				flags &= ~LONGINT;
601 				flags |= LLONGINT;
602 			} else
603 				flags |= LONGINT;
604 			goto rflag;
605 		case 'q':
606 			flags |= LLONGINT;	/* not necessarily */
607 			goto rflag;
608 		case 't':
609 			flags |= PTRDIFFT;
610 			goto rflag;
611 		case 'z':
612 			flags |= SIZET;
613 			goto rflag;
614 		case 'C':
615 			flags |= LONGINT;
616 			/*FALLTHROUGH*/
617 		case 'c':
618 			if (flags & LONGINT) {
619 				static const mbstate_t initial;
620 				mbstate_t mbs;
621 				size_t mbseqlen;
622 
623 				mbs = initial;
624 				mbseqlen = wcrtomb(cp = buf,
625 				    (wchar_t)GETARG(wint_t), &mbs);
626 				if (mbseqlen == (size_t)-1) {
627 					fp->_flags |= __SERR;
628 					goto error;
629 				}
630 				size = (int)mbseqlen;
631 			} else {
632 				*(cp = buf) = GETARG(int);
633 				size = 1;
634 			}
635 			sign = '\0';
636 			break;
637 		case 'D':
638 			flags |= LONGINT;
639 			/*FALLTHROUGH*/
640 		case 'd':
641 		case 'i':
642 			if (flags & INTMAX_SIZE) {
643 				ujval = SJARG();
644 				if ((intmax_t)ujval < 0) {
645 					ujval = -ujval;
646 					sign = '-';
647 				}
648 			} else {
649 				ulval = SARG();
650 				if ((long)ulval < 0) {
651 					ulval = -ulval;
652 					sign = '-';
653 				}
654 			}
655 			base = 10;
656 			goto number;
657 #ifndef NO_FLOATING_POINT
658 		case 'a':
659 		case 'A':
660 			if (ch == 'a') {
661 				ox[1] = 'x';
662 				xdigs = xdigs_lower;
663 				expchar = 'p';
664 			} else {
665 				ox[1] = 'X';
666 				xdigs = xdigs_upper;
667 				expchar = 'P';
668 			}
669 			if (prec >= 0)
670 				prec++;
671 			if (dtoaresult != NULL)
672 				freedtoa(dtoaresult);
673 			if (flags & LONGDBL) {
674 				fparg.ldbl = GETARG(long double);
675 				dtoaresult = cp =
676 				    __hldtoa(fparg.ldbl, xdigs, prec,
677 				    &expt, &signflag, &dtoaend);
678 			} else {
679 				fparg.dbl = GETARG(double);
680 				dtoaresult = cp =
681 				    __hdtoa(fparg.dbl, xdigs, prec,
682 				    &expt, &signflag, &dtoaend);
683 			}
684 			if (prec < 0)
685 				prec = dtoaend - cp;
686 			if (expt == INT_MAX)
687 				ox[1] = '\0';
688 			goto fp_common;
689 		case 'e':
690 		case 'E':
691 			expchar = ch;
692 			if (prec < 0)	/* account for digit before decpt */
693 				prec = DEFPREC + 1;
694 			else
695 				prec++;
696 			goto fp_begin;
697 		case 'f':
698 		case 'F':
699 			expchar = '\0';
700 			goto fp_begin;
701 		case 'g':
702 		case 'G':
703 			expchar = ch - ('g' - 'e');
704 			if (prec == 0)
705 				prec = 1;
706 fp_begin:
707 			if (prec < 0)
708 				prec = DEFPREC;
709 			if (dtoaresult != NULL)
710 				freedtoa(dtoaresult);
711 			if (flags & LONGDBL) {
712 				fparg.ldbl = GETARG(long double);
713 				dtoaresult = cp =
714 				    __ldtoa(&fparg.ldbl, expchar ? 2 : 3, prec,
715 				    &expt, &signflag, &dtoaend);
716 			} else {
717 				fparg.dbl = GETARG(double);
718 				dtoaresult = cp =
719 				    dtoa(fparg.dbl, expchar ? 2 : 3, prec,
720 				    &expt, &signflag, &dtoaend);
721 				if (expt == 9999)
722 					expt = INT_MAX;
723 			}
724 fp_common:
725 			if (signflag)
726 				sign = '-';
727 			if (expt == INT_MAX) {	/* inf or nan */
728 				if (*cp == 'N') {
729 					cp = (ch >= 'a') ? "nan" : "NAN";
730 					sign = '\0';
731 				} else
732 					cp = (ch >= 'a') ? "inf" : "INF";
733 				size = 3;
734 				flags &= ~ZEROPAD;
735 				break;
736 			}
737 			flags |= FPT;
738 			ndig = dtoaend - cp;
739 			if (ch == 'g' || ch == 'G') {
740 				if (expt > -4 && expt <= prec) {
741 					/* Make %[gG] smell like %[fF] */
742 					expchar = '\0';
743 					if (flags & ALT)
744 						prec -= expt;
745 					else
746 						prec = ndig - expt;
747 					if (prec < 0)
748 						prec = 0;
749 				} else {
750 					/*
751 					 * Make %[gG] smell like %[eE], but
752 					 * trim trailing zeroes if no # flag.
753 					 */
754 					if (!(flags & ALT))
755 						prec = ndig;
756 				}
757 			}
758 			if (expchar) {
759 				expsize = exponent(expstr, expt - 1, expchar);
760 				size = expsize + prec;
761 				if (prec > 1 || flags & ALT)
762 					size += decpt_len;
763 			} else {
764 				/* space for digits before decimal point */
765 				if (expt > 0)
766 					size = expt;
767 				else	/* "0" */
768 					size = 1;
769 				/* space for decimal pt and following digits */
770 				if (prec || flags & ALT)
771 					size += prec + decpt_len;
772 				if ((flags & GROUPING) && expt > 0)
773 					size += grouping_init(&gs, expt, locale);
774 			}
775 			break;
776 #endif /* !NO_FLOATING_POINT */
777 		case 'n':
778 			/*
779 			 * Assignment-like behavior is specified if the
780 			 * value overflows or is otherwise unrepresentable.
781 			 * C99 says to use `signed char' for %hhn conversions.
782 			 */
783 			if (flags & LLONGINT)
784 				*GETARG(long long *) = ret;
785 			else if (flags & SIZET)
786 				*GETARG(ssize_t *) = (ssize_t)ret;
787 			else if (flags & PTRDIFFT)
788 				*GETARG(ptrdiff_t *) = ret;
789 			else if (flags & INTMAXT)
790 				*GETARG(intmax_t *) = ret;
791 			else if (flags & LONGINT)
792 				*GETARG(long *) = ret;
793 			else if (flags & SHORTINT)
794 				*GETARG(short *) = ret;
795 			else if (flags & CHARINT)
796 				*GETARG(signed char *) = ret;
797 			else
798 				*GETARG(int *) = ret;
799 			continue;	/* no output */
800 		case 'O':
801 			flags |= LONGINT;
802 			/*FALLTHROUGH*/
803 		case 'o':
804 			if (flags & INTMAX_SIZE)
805 				ujval = UJARG();
806 			else
807 				ulval = UARG();
808 			base = 8;
809 			goto nosign;
810 		case 'p':
811 			/*-
812 			 * ``The argument shall be a pointer to void.  The
813 			 * value of the pointer is converted to a sequence
814 			 * of printable characters, in an implementation-
815 			 * defined manner.''
816 			 *	-- ANSI X3J11
817 			 */
818 			ujval = (uintmax_t)(uintptr_t)GETARG(void *);
819 			base = 16;
820 			xdigs = xdigs_lower;
821 			flags = flags | INTMAXT;
822 			ox[1] = 'x';
823 			goto nosign;
824 		case 'S':
825 			flags |= LONGINT;
826 			/*FALLTHROUGH*/
827 		case 's':
828 			if (flags & LONGINT) {
829 				wchar_t *wcp;
830 
831 				if (convbuf != NULL)
832 					free(convbuf);
833 				if ((wcp = GETARG(wchar_t *)) == NULL)
834 					cp = "(null)";
835 				else {
836 					convbuf = __wcsconv(wcp, prec);
837 					if (convbuf == NULL) {
838 						fp->_flags |= __SERR;
839 						goto error;
840 					}
841 					cp = convbuf;
842 				}
843 			} else if ((cp = GETARG(char *)) == NULL)
844 				cp = "(null)";
845 			size = (prec >= 0) ? strnlen(cp, prec) : strlen(cp);
846 			sign = '\0';
847 			break;
848 		case 'U':
849 			flags |= LONGINT;
850 			/*FALLTHROUGH*/
851 		case 'u':
852 			if (flags & INTMAX_SIZE)
853 				ujval = UJARG();
854 			else
855 				ulval = UARG();
856 			base = 10;
857 			goto nosign;
858 		case 'X':
859 			xdigs = xdigs_upper;
860 			goto hex;
861 		case 'x':
862 			xdigs = xdigs_lower;
863 hex:
864 			if (flags & INTMAX_SIZE)
865 				ujval = UJARG();
866 			else
867 				ulval = UARG();
868 			base = 16;
869 			/* leading 0x/X only if non-zero */
870 			if (flags & ALT &&
871 			    (flags & INTMAX_SIZE ? ujval != 0 : ulval != 0))
872 				ox[1] = ch;
873 
874 			flags &= ~GROUPING;
875 			/* unsigned conversions */
876 nosign:			sign = '\0';
877 			/*-
878 			 * ``... diouXx conversions ... if a precision is
879 			 * specified, the 0 flag will be ignored.''
880 			 *	-- ANSI X3J11
881 			 */
882 number:			if ((dprec = prec) >= 0)
883 				flags &= ~ZEROPAD;
884 
885 			/*-
886 			 * ``The result of converting a zero value with an
887 			 * explicit precision of zero is no characters.''
888 			 *	-- ANSI X3J11
889 			 *
890 			 * ``The C Standard is clear enough as is.  The call
891 			 * printf("%#.0o", 0) should print 0.''
892 			 *	-- Defect Report #151
893 			 */
894 			cp = buf + BUF;
895 			if (flags & INTMAX_SIZE) {
896 				if (ujval != 0 || prec != 0 ||
897 				    (flags & ALT && base == 8))
898 					cp = __ujtoa(ujval, cp, base,
899 					    flags & ALT, xdigs);
900 			} else {
901 				if (ulval != 0 || prec != 0 ||
902 				    (flags & ALT && base == 8))
903 					cp = __ultoa(ulval, cp, base,
904 					    flags & ALT, xdigs);
905 			}
906 			size = buf + BUF - cp;
907 			if (size > BUF)	/* should never happen */
908 				abort();
909 			if ((flags & GROUPING) && size != 0)
910 				size += grouping_init(&gs, size, locale);
911 			break;
912 		default:	/* "%?" prints ?, unless ? is NUL */
913 			if (ch == '\0')
914 				goto done;
915 			/* pretend it was %c with argument ch */
916 			cp = buf;
917 			*cp = ch;
918 			size = 1;
919 			sign = '\0';
920 			break;
921 		}
922 
923 		/*
924 		 * All reasonable formats wind up here.  At this point, `cp'
925 		 * points to a string which (if not flags&LADJUST) should be
926 		 * padded out to `width' places.  If flags&ZEROPAD, it should
927 		 * first be prefixed by any sign or other prefix; otherwise,
928 		 * it should be blank padded before the prefix is emitted.
929 		 * After any left-hand padding and prefixing, emit zeroes
930 		 * required by a decimal [diouxX] precision, then print the
931 		 * string proper, then emit zeroes required by any leftover
932 		 * floating precision; finally, if LADJUST, pad with blanks.
933 		 *
934 		 * Compute actual size, so we know how much to pad.
935 		 * size excludes decimal prec; realsz includes it.
936 		 */
937 		realsz = dprec > size ? dprec : size;
938 		if (sign)
939 			realsz++;
940 		if (ox[1])
941 			realsz += 2;
942 
943 		prsize = width > realsz ? width : realsz;
944 		if ((unsigned)ret + prsize > INT_MAX) {
945 			ret = EOF;
946 			errno = EOVERFLOW;
947 			goto error;
948 		}
949 
950 		/* right-adjusting blank padding */
951 		if ((flags & (LADJUST|ZEROPAD)) == 0)
952 			PAD(width - realsz, blanks);
953 
954 		/* prefix */
955 		if (sign)
956 			PRINT(&sign, 1);
957 
958 		if (ox[1]) {	/* ox[1] is either x, X, or \0 */
959 			ox[0] = '0';
960 			PRINT(ox, 2);
961 		}
962 
963 		/* right-adjusting zero padding */
964 		if ((flags & (LADJUST|ZEROPAD)) == ZEROPAD)
965 			PAD(width - realsz, zeroes);
966 
967 		/* the string or number proper */
968 #ifndef NO_FLOATING_POINT
969 		if ((flags & FPT) == 0) {
970 #endif
971 			/* leading zeroes from decimal precision */
972 			PAD(dprec - size, zeroes);
973 			if (gs.grouping) {
974 				if (grouping_print(&gs, &io, cp, buf+BUF, locale) < 0)
975 					goto error;
976 			} else {
977 				PRINT(cp, size);
978 			}
979 #ifndef NO_FLOATING_POINT
980 		} else {	/* glue together f_p fragments */
981 			if (!expchar) {	/* %[fF] or sufficiently short %[gG] */
982 				if (expt <= 0) {
983 					PRINT(zeroes, 1);
984 					if (prec || flags & ALT)
985 						PRINT(decimal_point,decpt_len);
986 					PAD(-expt, zeroes);
987 					/* already handled initial 0's */
988 					prec += expt;
989 				} else {
990 					if (gs.grouping) {
991 						n = grouping_print(&gs, &io,
992 						    cp, dtoaend, locale);
993 						if (n < 0)
994 							goto error;
995 						cp += n;
996 					} else {
997 						PRINTANDPAD(cp, dtoaend,
998 						    expt, zeroes);
999 						cp += expt;
1000 					}
1001 					if (prec || flags & ALT)
1002 						PRINT(decimal_point,decpt_len);
1003 				}
1004 				PRINTANDPAD(cp, dtoaend, prec, zeroes);
1005 			} else {	/* %[eE] or sufficiently long %[gG] */
1006 				if (prec > 1 || flags & ALT) {
1007 					PRINT(cp++, 1);
1008 					PRINT(decimal_point, decpt_len);
1009 					PRINT(cp, ndig-1);
1010 					PAD(prec - ndig, zeroes);
1011 				} else	/* XeYYY */
1012 					PRINT(cp, 1);
1013 				PRINT(expstr, expsize);
1014 			}
1015 		}
1016 #endif
1017 		/* left-adjusting padding (always blank) */
1018 		if (flags & LADJUST)
1019 			PAD(width - realsz, blanks);
1020 
1021 		/* finally, adjust ret */
1022 		ret += prsize;
1023 
1024 		FLUSH();	/* copy out the I/O vectors */
1025 	}
1026 done:
1027 	FLUSH();
1028 error:
1029 	va_end(orgap);
1030 #ifndef NO_FLOATING_POINT
1031 	if (dtoaresult != NULL)
1032 		freedtoa(dtoaresult);
1033 #endif
1034 	if (convbuf != NULL)
1035 		free(convbuf);
1036 	if (__sferror(fp))
1037 		ret = EOF;
1038 	else
1039 		fp->_flags |= savserr;
1040 	if ((argtable != NULL) && (argtable != statargtable))
1041 		free (argtable);
1042 	return (ret);
1043 	/* NOTREACHED */
1044 }
1045 
1046