xref: /freebsd/lib/libc/stdio/vfprintf.c (revision 8aac90f18aef7c9eea906c3ff9a001ca7b94f375)
1 /*-
2  * SPDX-License-Identifier: BSD-3-Clause
3  *
4  * Copyright (c) 1990, 1993
5  *	The Regents of the University of California.  All rights reserved.
6  *
7  * This code is derived from software contributed to Berkeley by
8  * Chris Torek.
9  *
10  * Copyright (c) 2011 The FreeBSD Foundation
11  *
12  * Portions of this software were developed by David Chisnall
13  * under sponsorship from the FreeBSD Foundation.
14  *
15  * Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
16  * modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions
17  * are met:
18  * 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
19  *    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
20  * 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright
21  *    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the
22  *    documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
23  * 3. Neither the name of the University nor the names of its contributors
24  *    may be used to endorse or promote products derived from this software
25  *    without specific prior written permission.
26  *
27  * THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE REGENTS AND CONTRIBUTORS ``AS IS'' AND
28  * ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE
29  * IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE
30  * ARE DISCLAIMED.  IN NO EVENT SHALL THE REGENTS OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE
31  * FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL
32  * DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS
33  * OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION)
34  * HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT
35  * LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY
36  * OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF
37  * SUCH DAMAGE.
38  */
39 
40 /*
41  * Actual printf innards.
42  *
43  * This code is large and complicated...
44  */
45 
46 #include "namespace.h"
47 #include <sys/types.h>
48 
49 #include <ctype.h>
50 #include <errno.h>
51 #include <limits.h>
52 #include <locale.h>
53 #include <stddef.h>
54 #include <stdint.h>
55 #include <stdio.h>
56 #include <stdlib.h>
57 #include <string.h>
58 #include <wchar.h>
59 #include <printf.h>
60 
61 #include <stdarg.h>
62 #include "xlocale_private.h"
63 #include "un-namespace.h"
64 
65 #include "libc_private.h"
66 #include "local.h"
67 #include "fvwrite.h"
68 #include "printflocal.h"
69 
70 static int	__sprint(FILE *, struct __suio *, locale_t);
71 static int	__sbprintf(FILE *, locale_t, const char *, va_list) __printflike(3, 0)
72 	__noinline;
73 static char	*__wcsconv(wchar_t *, int);
74 
75 #define	CHAR	char
76 #include "printfcommon.h"
77 
78 struct grouping_state {
79 	char *thousands_sep;	/* locale-specific thousands separator */
80 	int thousep_len;	/* length of thousands_sep */
81 	const char *grouping;	/* locale-specific numeric grouping rules */
82 	int lead;		/* sig figs before decimal or group sep */
83 	int nseps;		/* number of group separators with ' */
84 	int nrepeats;		/* number of repeats of the last group */
85 };
86 
87 /*
88  * Initialize the thousands' grouping state in preparation to print a
89  * number with ndigits digits. This routine returns the total number
90  * of bytes that will be needed.
91  */
92 static int
93 grouping_init(struct grouping_state *gs, int ndigits, locale_t loc)
94 {
95 	struct lconv *locale;
96 
97 	locale = localeconv_l(loc);
98 	gs->grouping = locale->grouping;
99 	gs->thousands_sep = locale->thousands_sep;
100 	gs->thousep_len = strlen(gs->thousands_sep);
101 
102 	gs->nseps = gs->nrepeats = 0;
103 	gs->lead = ndigits;
104 	while (*gs->grouping != CHAR_MAX) {
105 		if (gs->lead <= *gs->grouping)
106 			break;
107 		gs->lead -= *gs->grouping;
108 		if (*(gs->grouping+1)) {
109 			gs->nseps++;
110 			gs->grouping++;
111 		} else
112 			gs->nrepeats++;
113 	}
114 	return ((gs->nseps + gs->nrepeats) * gs->thousep_len);
115 }
116 
117 /*
118  * Print a number with thousands' separators.
119  */
120 static int
121 grouping_print(struct grouping_state *gs, struct io_state *iop,
122 	       const CHAR *cp, const CHAR *ep, locale_t locale)
123 {
124 	const CHAR *cp0 = cp;
125 
126 	if (io_printandpad(iop, cp, ep, gs->lead, zeroes, locale))
127 		return (-1);
128 	cp += gs->lead;
129 	while (gs->nseps > 0 || gs->nrepeats > 0) {
130 		if (gs->nrepeats > 0)
131 			gs->nrepeats--;
132 		else {
133 			gs->grouping--;
134 			gs->nseps--;
135 		}
136 		if (io_print(iop, gs->thousands_sep, gs->thousep_len, locale))
137 			return (-1);
138 		if (io_printandpad(iop, cp, ep, *gs->grouping, zeroes, locale))
139 			return (-1);
140 		cp += *gs->grouping;
141 	}
142 	if (cp > ep)
143 		cp = ep;
144 	return (cp - cp0);
145 }
146 
147 /*
148  * Flush out all the vectors defined by the given uio,
149  * then reset it so that it can be reused.
150  */
151 static int
152 __sprint(FILE *fp, struct __suio *uio, locale_t locale)
153 {
154 	int err;
155 
156 	if (uio->uio_resid == 0) {
157 		uio->uio_iovcnt = 0;
158 		return (0);
159 	}
160 	err = __sfvwrite(fp, uio);
161 	uio->uio_resid = 0;
162 	uio->uio_iovcnt = 0;
163 	return (err);
164 }
165 
166 /*
167  * Helper function for `fprintf to unbuffered unix file': creates a
168  * temporary buffer.  We only work on write-only files; this avoids
169  * worries about ungetc buffers and so forth.
170  */
171 static int
172 __sbprintf(FILE *fp, locale_t locale, const char *fmt, va_list ap)
173 {
174 	int ret;
175 	FILE fake = FAKE_FILE;
176 	unsigned char buf[BUFSIZ];
177 
178 	/* XXX This is probably not needed. */
179 	if (prepwrite(fp) != 0)
180 		return (EOF);
181 
182 	/* copy the important variables */
183 	fake._flags = fp->_flags & ~__SNBF;
184 	fake._file = fp->_file;
185 	fake._cookie = fp->_cookie;
186 	fake._write = fp->_write;
187 	fake._orientation = fp->_orientation;
188 	fake._mbstate = fp->_mbstate;
189 
190 	/* set up the buffer */
191 	fake._bf._base = fake._p = buf;
192 	fake._bf._size = fake._w = sizeof(buf);
193 	fake._lbfsize = 0;	/* not actually used, but Just In Case */
194 
195 	/* do the work, then copy any error status */
196 	ret = __vfprintf(&fake, locale, fmt, ap);
197 	if (ret >= 0 && __fflush(&fake))
198 		ret = EOF;
199 	if (fake._flags & __SERR)
200 		fp->_flags |= __SERR;
201 	return (ret);
202 }
203 
204 /*
205  * Convert a wide character string argument for the %ls format to a multibyte
206  * string representation. If not -1, prec specifies the maximum number of
207  * bytes to output, and also means that we can't assume that the wide char.
208  * string ends is null-terminated.
209  */
210 static char *
211 __wcsconv(wchar_t *wcsarg, int prec)
212 {
213 	static const mbstate_t initial;
214 	mbstate_t mbs;
215 	char buf[MB_LEN_MAX];
216 	wchar_t *p;
217 	char *convbuf;
218 	size_t clen, nbytes;
219 
220 	/* Allocate space for the maximum number of bytes we could output. */
221 	if (prec < 0) {
222 		p = wcsarg;
223 		mbs = initial;
224 		nbytes = wcsrtombs(NULL, (const wchar_t **)&p, 0, &mbs);
225 		if (nbytes == (size_t)-1)
226 			return (NULL);
227 	} else {
228 		/*
229 		 * Optimisation: if the output precision is small enough,
230 		 * just allocate enough memory for the maximum instead of
231 		 * scanning the string.
232 		 */
233 		if (prec < 128)
234 			nbytes = prec;
235 		else {
236 			nbytes = 0;
237 			p = wcsarg;
238 			mbs = initial;
239 			for (;;) {
240 				clen = wcrtomb(buf, *p++, &mbs);
241 				if (clen == 0 || clen == (size_t)-1 ||
242 				    nbytes + clen > prec)
243 					break;
244 				nbytes += clen;
245 			}
246 		}
247 	}
248 	if ((convbuf = malloc(nbytes + 1)) == NULL)
249 		return (NULL);
250 
251 	/* Fill the output buffer. */
252 	p = wcsarg;
253 	mbs = initial;
254 	if ((nbytes = wcsrtombs(convbuf, (const wchar_t **)&p,
255 	    nbytes, &mbs)) == (size_t)-1) {
256 		free(convbuf);
257 		return (NULL);
258 	}
259 	convbuf[nbytes] = '\0';
260 	return (convbuf);
261 }
262 
263 /*
264  * MT-safe version
265  */
266 int
267 vfprintf_l(FILE * __restrict fp, locale_t locale, const char * __restrict fmt0,
268 		va_list ap)
269 {
270 	int ret;
271 	FIX_LOCALE(locale);
272 
273 	FLOCKFILE_CANCELSAFE(fp);
274 	/* optimise fprintf(stderr) (and other unbuffered Unix files) */
275 	if ((fp->_flags & (__SNBF|__SWR|__SRW)) == (__SNBF|__SWR) &&
276 	    fp->_file >= 0)
277 		ret = __sbprintf(fp, locale, fmt0, ap);
278 	else
279 		ret = __vfprintf(fp, locale, fmt0, ap);
280 	FUNLOCKFILE_CANCELSAFE();
281 	return (ret);
282 }
283 int
284 vfprintf(FILE * __restrict fp, const char * __restrict fmt0, va_list ap)
285 {
286 	return vfprintf_l(fp, __get_locale(), fmt0, ap);
287 }
288 
289 /*
290  * The size of the buffer we use as scratch space for integer
291  * conversions, among other things.  We need enough space to
292  * write a uintmax_t in octal (plus one byte).
293  */
294 #if UINTMAX_MAX <= UINT64_MAX
295 #define	BUF	32
296 #else
297 #error "BUF must be large enough to format a uintmax_t"
298 #endif
299 
300 /*
301  * Non-MT-safe version
302  */
303 int
304 __vfprintf(FILE *fp, locale_t locale, const char *fmt0, va_list ap)
305 {
306 	char *fmt;		/* format string */
307 	int ch;			/* character from fmt */
308 	int n, n2;		/* handy integer (short term usage) */
309 	char *cp;		/* handy char pointer (short term usage) */
310 	int flags;		/* flags as above */
311 	int ret;		/* return value accumulator */
312 	int width;		/* width from format (%8d), or 0 */
313 	int prec;		/* precision from format; <0 for N/A */
314 	int saved_errno;
315 	int error;
316 	char errnomsg[NL_TEXTMAX];
317 	char sign;		/* sign prefix (' ', '+', '-', or \0) */
318 	struct grouping_state gs; /* thousands' grouping info */
319 
320 #ifndef NO_FLOATING_POINT
321 	/*
322 	 * We can decompose the printed representation of floating
323 	 * point numbers into several parts, some of which may be empty:
324 	 *
325 	 * [+|-| ] [0x|0X] MMM . NNN [e|E|p|P] [+|-] ZZ
326 	 *    A       B     ---C---      D       E   F
327 	 *
328 	 * A:	'sign' holds this value if present; '\0' otherwise
329 	 * B:	ox[1] holds the 'x' or 'X'; '\0' if not hexadecimal
330 	 * C:	cp points to the string MMMNNN.  Leading and trailing
331 	 *	zeros are not in the string and must be added.
332 	 * D:	expchar holds this character; '\0' if no exponent, e.g. %f
333 	 * F:	at least two digits for decimal, at least one digit for hex
334 	 */
335 	char *decimal_point;	/* locale specific decimal point */
336 	int decpt_len;		/* length of decimal_point */
337 	int signflag;		/* true if float is negative */
338 	union {			/* floating point arguments %[aAeEfFgG] */
339 		double dbl;
340 		long double ldbl;
341 	} fparg;
342 	int expt;		/* integer value of exponent */
343 	char expchar;		/* exponent character: [eEpP\0] */
344 	char *dtoaend;		/* pointer to end of converted digits */
345 	int expsize;		/* character count for expstr */
346 	int ndig;		/* actual number of digits returned by dtoa */
347 	char expstr[MAXEXPDIG+2];	/* buffer for exponent string: e+ZZZ */
348 	char *dtoaresult;	/* buffer allocated by dtoa */
349 #endif
350 	u_long	ulval;		/* integer arguments %[diouxX] */
351 	uintmax_t ujval;	/* %j, %ll, %q, %t, %z integers */
352 	int base;		/* base for [diouxX] conversion */
353 	int dprec;		/* a copy of prec if [diouxX], 0 otherwise */
354 	int realsz;		/* field size expanded by dprec, sign, etc */
355 	int size;		/* size of converted field or string */
356 	int prsize;             /* max size of printed field */
357 	const char *xdigs;     	/* digits for %[xX] conversion */
358 	struct io_state io;	/* I/O buffering state */
359 	char buf[BUF];		/* buffer with space for digits of uintmax_t */
360 	char ox[2];		/* space for 0x; ox[1] is either x, X, or \0 */
361 	union arg *argtable;    /* args, built due to positional arg */
362 	union arg statargtable [STATIC_ARG_TBL_SIZE];
363 	int nextarg;            /* 1-based argument index */
364 	va_list orgap;          /* original argument pointer */
365 	char *convbuf;		/* wide to multibyte conversion result */
366 	int savserr;
367 
368 	static const char xdigs_lower[16] = "0123456789abcdef";
369 	static const char xdigs_upper[16] = "0123456789ABCDEF";
370 
371 	/* BEWARE, these `goto error' on error. */
372 #define	PRINT(ptr, len) { \
373 	if (io_print(&io, (ptr), (len), locale))	\
374 		goto error; \
375 }
376 #define	PAD(howmany, with) { \
377 	if (io_pad(&io, (howmany), (with), locale)) \
378 		goto error; \
379 }
380 #define	PRINTANDPAD(p, ep, len, with) {	\
381 	if (io_printandpad(&io, (p), (ep), (len), (with), locale)) \
382 		goto error; \
383 }
384 #define	FLUSH() { \
385 	if (io_flush(&io, locale)) \
386 		goto error; \
387 }
388 
389 	/*
390 	 * Get the argument indexed by nextarg.   If the argument table is
391 	 * built, use it to get the argument.  If its not, get the next
392 	 * argument (and arguments must be gotten sequentially).
393 	 */
394 #define GETARG(type) \
395 	((argtable != NULL) ? *((type*)(&argtable[nextarg++])) : \
396 	    (nextarg++, va_arg(ap, type)))
397 
398 	/*
399 	 * To extend shorts properly, we need both signed and unsigned
400 	 * argument extraction methods.
401 	 */
402 #define	SARG() \
403 	(flags&LONGINT ? GETARG(long) : \
404 	    flags&SHORTINT ? (long)(short)GETARG(int) : \
405 	    flags&CHARINT ? (long)(signed char)GETARG(int) : \
406 	    (long)GETARG(int))
407 #define	UARG() \
408 	(flags&LONGINT ? GETARG(u_long) : \
409 	    flags&SHORTINT ? (u_long)(u_short)GETARG(int) : \
410 	    flags&CHARINT ? (u_long)(u_char)GETARG(int) : \
411 	    (u_long)GETARG(u_int))
412 #define	INTMAX_SIZE	(INTMAXT|SIZET|PTRDIFFT|LLONGINT)
413 #define SJARG() \
414 	(flags&INTMAXT ? GETARG(intmax_t) : \
415 	    flags&SIZET ? (intmax_t)GETARG(ssize_t) : \
416 	    flags&PTRDIFFT ? (intmax_t)GETARG(ptrdiff_t) : \
417 	    (intmax_t)GETARG(long long))
418 #define	UJARG() \
419 	(flags&INTMAXT ? GETARG(uintmax_t) : \
420 	    flags&SIZET ? (uintmax_t)GETARG(size_t) : \
421 	    flags&PTRDIFFT ? (uintmax_t)GETARG(ptrdiff_t) : \
422 	    (uintmax_t)GETARG(unsigned long long))
423 
424 	/*
425 	 * Get * arguments, including the form *nn$.  Preserve the nextarg
426 	 * that the argument can be gotten once the type is determined.
427 	 */
428 #define GETASTER(val) \
429 	n2 = 0; \
430 	cp = fmt; \
431 	while (is_digit(*cp)) { \
432 		n2 = 10 * n2 + to_digit(*cp); \
433 		cp++; \
434 	} \
435 	if (*cp == '$') { \
436 		int hold = nextarg; \
437 		if (argtable == NULL) { \
438 			argtable = statargtable; \
439 			if (__find_arguments (fmt0, orgap, &argtable)) { \
440 				ret = EOF; \
441 				goto error; \
442 			} \
443 		} \
444 		nextarg = n2; \
445 		val = GETARG (int); \
446 		nextarg = hold; \
447 		fmt = ++cp; \
448 	} else { \
449 		val = GETARG (int); \
450 	}
451 
452 	if (__use_xprintf == 0 && getenv("USE_XPRINTF"))
453 		__use_xprintf = 1;
454 	if (__use_xprintf > 0)
455 		return (__xvprintf(fp, fmt0, ap));
456 
457 	/* sorry, fprintf(read_only_file, "") returns EOF, not 0 */
458 	if (prepwrite(fp) != 0) {
459 		errno = EBADF;
460 		return (EOF);
461 	}
462 
463 	savserr = fp->_flags & __SERR;
464 	fp->_flags &= ~__SERR;
465 
466 	saved_errno = errno;
467 	convbuf = NULL;
468 	fmt = (char *)fmt0;
469 	argtable = NULL;
470 	nextarg = 1;
471 	va_copy(orgap, ap);
472 	io_init(&io, fp);
473 	ret = 0;
474 #ifndef NO_FLOATING_POINT
475 	dtoaresult = NULL;
476 	decimal_point = localeconv_l(locale)->decimal_point;
477 	/* The overwhelmingly common case is decpt_len == 1. */
478 	decpt_len = (decimal_point[1] == '\0' ? 1 : strlen(decimal_point));
479 #endif
480 
481 	/*
482 	 * Scan the format for conversions (`%' character).
483 	 */
484 	for (;;) {
485 		for (cp = fmt; (ch = *fmt) != '\0' && ch != '%'; fmt++)
486 			/* void */;
487 		if ((n = fmt - cp) != 0) {
488 			if ((unsigned)ret + n > INT_MAX) {
489 				ret = EOF;
490 				errno = EOVERFLOW;
491 				goto error;
492 			}
493 			PRINT(cp, n);
494 			ret += n;
495 		}
496 		if (ch == '\0')
497 			goto done;
498 		fmt++;		/* skip over '%' */
499 
500 		flags = 0;
501 		dprec = 0;
502 		width = 0;
503 		prec = -1;
504 		gs.grouping = NULL;
505 		sign = '\0';
506 		ox[1] = '\0';
507 
508 rflag:		ch = *fmt++;
509 reswitch:	switch (ch) {
510 		case ' ':
511 			/*-
512 			 * ``If the space and + flags both appear, the space
513 			 * flag will be ignored.''
514 			 *	-- ANSI X3J11
515 			 */
516 			if (!sign)
517 				sign = ' ';
518 			goto rflag;
519 		case '#':
520 			flags |= ALT;
521 			goto rflag;
522 		case '*':
523 			/*-
524 			 * ``A negative field width argument is taken as a
525 			 * - flag followed by a positive field width.''
526 			 *	-- ANSI X3J11
527 			 * They don't exclude field widths read from args.
528 			 */
529 			GETASTER (width);
530 			if (width >= 0)
531 				goto rflag;
532 			width = -width;
533 			/* FALLTHROUGH */
534 		case '-':
535 			flags |= LADJUST;
536 			goto rflag;
537 		case '+':
538 			sign = '+';
539 			goto rflag;
540 		case '\'':
541 			flags |= GROUPING;
542 			goto rflag;
543 		case '.':
544 			if ((ch = *fmt++) == '*') {
545 				GETASTER (prec);
546 				goto rflag;
547 			}
548 			prec = 0;
549 			while (is_digit(ch)) {
550 				prec = 10 * prec + to_digit(ch);
551 				ch = *fmt++;
552 			}
553 			goto reswitch;
554 		case '0':
555 			/*-
556 			 * ``Note that 0 is taken as a flag, not as the
557 			 * beginning of a field width.''
558 			 *	-- ANSI X3J11
559 			 */
560 			flags |= ZEROPAD;
561 			goto rflag;
562 		case '1': case '2': case '3': case '4':
563 		case '5': case '6': case '7': case '8': case '9':
564 			n = 0;
565 			do {
566 				n = 10 * n + to_digit(ch);
567 				ch = *fmt++;
568 			} while (is_digit(ch));
569 			if (ch == '$') {
570 				nextarg = n;
571 				if (argtable == NULL) {
572 					argtable = statargtable;
573 					if (__find_arguments (fmt0, orgap,
574 							      &argtable)) {
575 						ret = EOF;
576 						goto error;
577 					}
578 				}
579 				goto rflag;
580 			}
581 			width = n;
582 			goto reswitch;
583 #ifndef NO_FLOATING_POINT
584 		case 'L':
585 			flags |= LONGDBL;
586 			goto rflag;
587 #endif
588 		case 'h':
589 			if (flags & SHORTINT) {
590 				flags &= ~SHORTINT;
591 				flags |= CHARINT;
592 			} else
593 				flags |= SHORTINT;
594 			goto rflag;
595 		case 'j':
596 			flags |= INTMAXT;
597 			goto rflag;
598 		case 'l':
599 			if (flags & LONGINT) {
600 				flags &= ~LONGINT;
601 				flags |= LLONGINT;
602 			} else
603 				flags |= LONGINT;
604 			goto rflag;
605 		case 'q':
606 			flags |= LLONGINT;	/* not necessarily */
607 			goto rflag;
608 		case 't':
609 			flags |= PTRDIFFT;
610 			goto rflag;
611 		case 'w':
612 			/*
613 			 * Fixed-width integer types.  On all platforms we
614 			 * support, int8_t is equivalent to char, int16_t
615 			 * is equivalent to short, int32_t is equivalent
616 			 * to int, int64_t is equivalent to long long int.
617 			 * Furthermore, int_fast8_t, int_fast16_t and
618 			 * int_fast32_t are equivalent to int, and
619 			 * int_fast64_t is equivalent to long long int.
620 			 */
621 			flags &= ~(CHARINT|SHORTINT|LONGINT|LLONGINT|INTMAXT);
622 			if (fmt[0] == 'f') {
623 				flags |= FASTINT;
624 				fmt++;
625 			} else {
626 				flags &= ~FASTINT;
627 			}
628 			if (fmt[0] == '8') {
629 				if (!(flags & FASTINT))
630 					flags |= CHARINT;
631 				else
632 					/* no flag set = 32 */ ;
633 				fmt += 1;
634 			} else if (fmt[0] == '1' && fmt[1] == '6') {
635 				if (!(flags & FASTINT))
636 					flags |= SHORTINT;
637 				else
638 					/* no flag set = 32 */ ;
639 				fmt += 2;
640 			} else if (fmt[0] == '3' && fmt[1] == '2') {
641 				/* no flag set = 32 */ ;
642 				fmt += 2;
643 			} else if (fmt[0] == '6' && fmt[1] == '4') {
644 				flags |= LLONGINT;
645 				fmt += 2;
646 			} else {
647 				if (flags & FASTINT) {
648 					flags &= ~FASTINT;
649 					fmt--;
650 				}
651 				goto invalid;
652 			}
653 			goto rflag;
654 		case 'z':
655 			flags |= SIZET;
656 			goto rflag;
657 		case 'B':
658 		case 'b':
659 			if (flags & INTMAX_SIZE)
660 				ujval = UJARG();
661 			else
662 				ulval = UARG();
663 			base = 2;
664 			/* leading 0b/B only if non-zero */
665 			if (flags & ALT &&
666 			    (flags & INTMAX_SIZE ? ujval != 0 : ulval != 0))
667 				ox[1] = ch;
668 			goto nosign;
669 			break;
670 		case 'C':
671 			flags |= LONGINT;
672 			/*FALLTHROUGH*/
673 		case 'c':
674 			if (flags & LONGINT) {
675 				static const mbstate_t initial;
676 				mbstate_t mbs;
677 				size_t mbseqlen;
678 
679 				mbs = initial;
680 				mbseqlen = wcrtomb(cp = buf,
681 				    (wchar_t)GETARG(wint_t), &mbs);
682 				if (mbseqlen == (size_t)-1) {
683 					fp->_flags |= __SERR;
684 					goto error;
685 				}
686 				size = (int)mbseqlen;
687 			} else {
688 				*(cp = buf) = GETARG(int);
689 				size = 1;
690 			}
691 			sign = '\0';
692 			break;
693 		case 'D':
694 			flags |= LONGINT;
695 			/*FALLTHROUGH*/
696 		case 'd':
697 		case 'i':
698 			if (flags & INTMAX_SIZE) {
699 				ujval = SJARG();
700 				if ((intmax_t)ujval < 0) {
701 					ujval = -ujval;
702 					sign = '-';
703 				}
704 			} else {
705 				ulval = SARG();
706 				if ((long)ulval < 0) {
707 					ulval = -ulval;
708 					sign = '-';
709 				}
710 			}
711 			base = 10;
712 			goto number;
713 #ifndef NO_FLOATING_POINT
714 		case 'a':
715 		case 'A':
716 			if (ch == 'a') {
717 				ox[1] = 'x';
718 				xdigs = xdigs_lower;
719 				expchar = 'p';
720 			} else {
721 				ox[1] = 'X';
722 				xdigs = xdigs_upper;
723 				expchar = 'P';
724 			}
725 			if (prec >= 0)
726 				prec++;
727 			if (dtoaresult != NULL)
728 				freedtoa(dtoaresult);
729 			if (flags & LONGDBL) {
730 				fparg.ldbl = GETARG(long double);
731 				dtoaresult = cp =
732 				    __hldtoa(fparg.ldbl, xdigs, prec,
733 				    &expt, &signflag, &dtoaend);
734 			} else {
735 				fparg.dbl = GETARG(double);
736 				dtoaresult = cp =
737 				    __hdtoa(fparg.dbl, xdigs, prec,
738 				    &expt, &signflag, &dtoaend);
739 			}
740 			if (prec < 0)
741 				prec = dtoaend - cp;
742 			if (expt == INT_MAX)
743 				ox[1] = '\0';
744 			goto fp_common;
745 		case 'e':
746 		case 'E':
747 			expchar = ch;
748 			if (prec < 0)	/* account for digit before decpt */
749 				prec = DEFPREC + 1;
750 			else
751 				prec++;
752 			goto fp_begin;
753 		case 'f':
754 		case 'F':
755 			expchar = '\0';
756 			goto fp_begin;
757 		case 'g':
758 		case 'G':
759 			expchar = ch - ('g' - 'e');
760 			if (prec == 0)
761 				prec = 1;
762 fp_begin:
763 			if (prec < 0)
764 				prec = DEFPREC;
765 			if (dtoaresult != NULL)
766 				freedtoa(dtoaresult);
767 			if (flags & LONGDBL) {
768 				fparg.ldbl = GETARG(long double);
769 				dtoaresult = cp =
770 				    __ldtoa(&fparg.ldbl, expchar ? 2 : 3, prec,
771 				    &expt, &signflag, &dtoaend);
772 			} else {
773 				fparg.dbl = GETARG(double);
774 				dtoaresult = cp =
775 				    dtoa(fparg.dbl, expchar ? 2 : 3, prec,
776 				    &expt, &signflag, &dtoaend);
777 				if (expt == 9999)
778 					expt = INT_MAX;
779 			}
780 fp_common:
781 			if (signflag)
782 				sign = '-';
783 			if (expt == INT_MAX) {	/* inf or nan */
784 				if (*cp == 'N') {
785 					cp = (ch >= 'a') ? "nan" : "NAN";
786 					sign = '\0';
787 				} else
788 					cp = (ch >= 'a') ? "inf" : "INF";
789 				size = 3;
790 				flags &= ~ZEROPAD;
791 				break;
792 			}
793 			flags |= FPT;
794 			ndig = dtoaend - cp;
795 			if (ch == 'g' || ch == 'G') {
796 				if (expt > -4 && expt <= prec) {
797 					/* Make %[gG] smell like %[fF] */
798 					expchar = '\0';
799 					if (flags & ALT)
800 						prec -= expt;
801 					else
802 						prec = ndig - expt;
803 					if (prec < 0)
804 						prec = 0;
805 				} else {
806 					/*
807 					 * Make %[gG] smell like %[eE], but
808 					 * trim trailing zeroes if no # flag.
809 					 */
810 					if (!(flags & ALT))
811 						prec = ndig;
812 				}
813 			}
814 			if (expchar) {
815 				expsize = exponent(expstr, expt - 1, expchar);
816 				size = expsize + prec;
817 				if (prec > 1 || flags & ALT)
818 					size += decpt_len;
819 			} else {
820 				/* space for digits before decimal point */
821 				if (expt > 0)
822 					size = expt;
823 				else	/* "0" */
824 					size = 1;
825 				/* space for decimal pt and following digits */
826 				if (prec || flags & ALT)
827 					size += prec + decpt_len;
828 				if ((flags & GROUPING) && expt > 0)
829 					size += grouping_init(&gs, expt, locale);
830 			}
831 			break;
832 #endif /* !NO_FLOATING_POINT */
833 		case 'm':
834 			error = __strerror_rl(saved_errno, errnomsg,
835 			    sizeof(errnomsg), locale);
836 			cp = error == 0 ? errnomsg : "<strerror failure>";
837 			size = (prec >= 0) ? strnlen(cp, prec) : strlen(cp);
838 			sign = '\0';
839 			break;
840 		case 'n':
841 			/*
842 			 * Assignment-like behavior is specified if the
843 			 * value overflows or is otherwise unrepresentable.
844 			 * C99 says to use `signed char' for %hhn conversions.
845 			 */
846 			if (flags & LLONGINT)
847 				*GETARG(long long *) = ret;
848 			else if (flags & SIZET)
849 				*GETARG(ssize_t *) = (ssize_t)ret;
850 			else if (flags & PTRDIFFT)
851 				*GETARG(ptrdiff_t *) = ret;
852 			else if (flags & INTMAXT)
853 				*GETARG(intmax_t *) = ret;
854 			else if (flags & LONGINT)
855 				*GETARG(long *) = ret;
856 			else if (flags & SHORTINT)
857 				*GETARG(short *) = ret;
858 			else if (flags & CHARINT)
859 				*GETARG(signed char *) = ret;
860 			else
861 				*GETARG(int *) = ret;
862 			continue;	/* no output */
863 		case 'O':
864 			flags |= LONGINT;
865 			/*FALLTHROUGH*/
866 		case 'o':
867 			if (flags & INTMAX_SIZE)
868 				ujval = UJARG();
869 			else
870 				ulval = UARG();
871 			base = 8;
872 			goto nosign;
873 		case 'p':
874 			/*-
875 			 * ``The argument shall be a pointer to void.  The
876 			 * value of the pointer is converted to a sequence
877 			 * of printable characters, in an implementation-
878 			 * defined manner.''
879 			 *	-- ANSI X3J11
880 			 */
881 			ujval = (uintmax_t)(uintptr_t)GETARG(void *);
882 			base = 16;
883 			xdigs = xdigs_lower;
884 			flags = flags | INTMAXT;
885 			ox[1] = 'x';
886 			goto nosign;
887 		case 'S':
888 			flags |= LONGINT;
889 			/*FALLTHROUGH*/
890 		case 's':
891 			if (flags & LONGINT) {
892 				wchar_t *wcp;
893 
894 				if (convbuf != NULL)
895 					free(convbuf);
896 				if ((wcp = GETARG(wchar_t *)) == NULL)
897 					cp = "(null)";
898 				else {
899 					convbuf = __wcsconv(wcp, prec);
900 					if (convbuf == NULL) {
901 						fp->_flags |= __SERR;
902 						goto error;
903 					}
904 					cp = convbuf;
905 				}
906 			} else if ((cp = GETARG(char *)) == NULL)
907 				cp = "(null)";
908 			size = (prec >= 0) ? strnlen(cp, prec) : strlen(cp);
909 			sign = '\0';
910 			break;
911 		case 'U':
912 			flags |= LONGINT;
913 			/*FALLTHROUGH*/
914 		case 'u':
915 			if (flags & INTMAX_SIZE)
916 				ujval = UJARG();
917 			else
918 				ulval = UARG();
919 			base = 10;
920 			goto nosign;
921 		case 'X':
922 			xdigs = xdigs_upper;
923 			goto hex;
924 		case 'x':
925 			xdigs = xdigs_lower;
926 hex:
927 			if (flags & INTMAX_SIZE)
928 				ujval = UJARG();
929 			else
930 				ulval = UARG();
931 			base = 16;
932 			/* leading 0x/X only if non-zero */
933 			if (flags & ALT &&
934 			    (flags & INTMAX_SIZE ? ujval != 0 : ulval != 0))
935 				ox[1] = ch;
936 
937 			flags &= ~GROUPING;
938 			/* unsigned conversions */
939 nosign:			sign = '\0';
940 			/*-
941 			 * ``... diouXx conversions ... if a precision is
942 			 * specified, the 0 flag will be ignored.''
943 			 *	-- ANSI X3J11
944 			 */
945 number:			if ((dprec = prec) >= 0)
946 				flags &= ~ZEROPAD;
947 
948 			/*-
949 			 * ``The result of converting a zero value with an
950 			 * explicit precision of zero is no characters.''
951 			 *	-- ANSI X3J11
952 			 *
953 			 * ``The C Standard is clear enough as is.  The call
954 			 * printf("%#.0o", 0) should print 0.''
955 			 *	-- Defect Report #151
956 			 */
957 			cp = buf + BUF;
958 			if (flags & INTMAX_SIZE) {
959 				if (ujval != 0 || prec != 0 ||
960 				    (flags & ALT && base == 8))
961 					cp = __ujtoa(ujval, cp, base,
962 					    flags & ALT, xdigs);
963 			} else {
964 				if (ulval != 0 || prec != 0 ||
965 				    (flags & ALT && base == 8))
966 					cp = __ultoa(ulval, cp, base,
967 					    flags & ALT, xdigs);
968 			}
969 			size = buf + BUF - cp;
970 			if (size > BUF)	/* should never happen */
971 				abort();
972 			if ((flags & GROUPING) && size != 0)
973 				size += grouping_init(&gs, size, locale);
974 			break;
975 		default:	/* "%?" prints ?, unless ? is NUL */
976 			if (ch == '\0')
977 				goto done;
978 invalid:
979 			/* pretend it was %c with argument ch */
980 			cp = buf;
981 			*cp = ch;
982 			size = 1;
983 			sign = '\0';
984 			break;
985 		}
986 
987 		/*
988 		 * All reasonable formats wind up here.  At this point, `cp'
989 		 * points to a string which (if not flags&LADJUST) should be
990 		 * padded out to `width' places.  If flags&ZEROPAD, it should
991 		 * first be prefixed by any sign or other prefix; otherwise,
992 		 * it should be blank padded before the prefix is emitted.
993 		 * After any left-hand padding and prefixing, emit zeroes
994 		 * required by a decimal [diouxX] precision, then print the
995 		 * string proper, then emit zeroes required by any leftover
996 		 * floating precision; finally, if LADJUST, pad with blanks.
997 		 *
998 		 * Compute actual size, so we know how much to pad.
999 		 * size excludes decimal prec; realsz includes it.
1000 		 */
1001 		realsz = dprec > size ? dprec : size;
1002 		if (sign)
1003 			realsz++;
1004 		if (ox[1])
1005 			realsz += 2;
1006 
1007 		prsize = width > realsz ? width : realsz;
1008 		if ((unsigned)ret + prsize > INT_MAX) {
1009 			ret = EOF;
1010 			errno = EOVERFLOW;
1011 			goto error;
1012 		}
1013 
1014 		/* right-adjusting blank padding */
1015 		if ((flags & (LADJUST|ZEROPAD)) == 0)
1016 			PAD(width - realsz, blanks);
1017 
1018 		/* prefix */
1019 		if (sign)
1020 			PRINT(&sign, 1);
1021 
1022 		if (ox[1]) {	/* ox[1] is either x, X, or \0 */
1023 			ox[0] = '0';
1024 			PRINT(ox, 2);
1025 		}
1026 
1027 		/* right-adjusting zero padding */
1028 		if ((flags & (LADJUST|ZEROPAD)) == ZEROPAD)
1029 			PAD(width - realsz, zeroes);
1030 
1031 		/* the string or number proper */
1032 #ifndef NO_FLOATING_POINT
1033 		if ((flags & FPT) == 0) {
1034 #endif
1035 			/* leading zeroes from decimal precision */
1036 			PAD(dprec - size, zeroes);
1037 			if (gs.grouping) {
1038 				if (grouping_print(&gs, &io, cp, buf+BUF, locale) < 0)
1039 					goto error;
1040 			} else {
1041 				PRINT(cp, size);
1042 			}
1043 #ifndef NO_FLOATING_POINT
1044 		} else {	/* glue together f_p fragments */
1045 			if (!expchar) {	/* %[fF] or sufficiently short %[gG] */
1046 				if (expt <= 0) {
1047 					PRINT(zeroes, 1);
1048 					if (prec || flags & ALT)
1049 						PRINT(decimal_point,decpt_len);
1050 					PAD(-expt, zeroes);
1051 					/* already handled initial 0's */
1052 					prec += expt;
1053 				} else {
1054 					if (gs.grouping) {
1055 						n = grouping_print(&gs, &io,
1056 						    cp, dtoaend, locale);
1057 						if (n < 0)
1058 							goto error;
1059 						cp += n;
1060 					} else {
1061 						PRINTANDPAD(cp, dtoaend,
1062 						    expt, zeroes);
1063 						cp += expt;
1064 					}
1065 					if (prec || flags & ALT)
1066 						PRINT(decimal_point,decpt_len);
1067 				}
1068 				PRINTANDPAD(cp, dtoaend, prec, zeroes);
1069 			} else {	/* %[eE] or sufficiently long %[gG] */
1070 				if (prec > 1 || flags & ALT) {
1071 					PRINT(cp++, 1);
1072 					PRINT(decimal_point, decpt_len);
1073 					PRINT(cp, ndig-1);
1074 					PAD(prec - ndig, zeroes);
1075 				} else	/* XeYYY */
1076 					PRINT(cp, 1);
1077 				PRINT(expstr, expsize);
1078 			}
1079 		}
1080 #endif
1081 		/* left-adjusting padding (always blank) */
1082 		if (flags & LADJUST)
1083 			PAD(width - realsz, blanks);
1084 
1085 		/* finally, adjust ret */
1086 		ret += prsize;
1087 
1088 		FLUSH();	/* copy out the I/O vectors */
1089 	}
1090 done:
1091 	FLUSH();
1092 error:
1093 	va_end(orgap);
1094 #ifndef NO_FLOATING_POINT
1095 	if (dtoaresult != NULL)
1096 		freedtoa(dtoaresult);
1097 #endif
1098 	if (convbuf != NULL)
1099 		free(convbuf);
1100 	if (__sferror(fp))
1101 		ret = EOF;
1102 	else
1103 		fp->_flags |= savserr;
1104 	if ((argtable != NULL) && (argtable != statargtable))
1105 		free (argtable);
1106 	return (ret);
1107 	/* NOTREACHED */
1108 }
1109 
1110