xref: /freebsd/lib/libc/stdio/vfprintf.c (revision 6fd05b64b5b65dd4ba9b86482a0634a5f0b96c29)
1 /*-
2  * Copyright (c) 1990, 1993
3  *	The Regents of the University of California.  All rights reserved.
4  *
5  * This code is derived from software contributed to Berkeley by
6  * Chris Torek.
7  *
8  * Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
9  * modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions
10  * are met:
11  * 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
12  *    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
13  * 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright
14  *    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the
15  *    documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
16  * 3. All advertising materials mentioning features or use of this software
17  *    must display the following acknowledgement:
18  *	This product includes software developed by the University of
19  *	California, Berkeley and its contributors.
20  * 4. Neither the name of the University nor the names of its contributors
21  *    may be used to endorse or promote products derived from this software
22  *    without specific prior written permission.
23  *
24  * THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE REGENTS AND CONTRIBUTORS ``AS IS'' AND
25  * ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE
26  * IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE
27  * ARE DISCLAIMED.  IN NO EVENT SHALL THE REGENTS OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE
28  * FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL
29  * DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS
30  * OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION)
31  * HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT
32  * LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY
33  * OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF
34  * SUCH DAMAGE.
35  */
36 
37 #if defined(LIBC_SCCS) && !defined(lint)
38 static char sccsid[] = "@(#)vfprintf.c	8.1 (Berkeley) 6/4/93";
39 #endif /* LIBC_SCCS and not lint */
40 #include <sys/cdefs.h>
41 __FBSDID("$FreeBSD$");
42 
43 /*
44  * Actual printf innards.
45  *
46  * This code is large and complicated...
47  */
48 
49 #include "namespace.h"
50 #include <sys/types.h>
51 
52 #include <ctype.h>
53 #include <limits.h>
54 #include <locale.h>
55 #include <stddef.h>
56 #include <stdint.h>
57 #include <stdio.h>
58 #include <stdlib.h>
59 #include <string.h>
60 #include <wchar.h>
61 
62 #include <stdarg.h>
63 #include "un-namespace.h"
64 
65 #include "libc_private.h"
66 #include "local.h"
67 #include "fvwrite.h"
68 
69 union arg {
70 	int	intarg;
71 	u_int	uintarg;
72 	long	longarg;
73 	u_long	ulongarg;
74 	long long longlongarg;
75 	unsigned long long ulonglongarg;
76 	ptrdiff_t ptrdiffarg;
77 	size_t	sizearg;
78 	intmax_t intmaxarg;
79 	uintmax_t uintmaxarg;
80 	void	*pvoidarg;
81 	char	*pchararg;
82 	signed char *pschararg;
83 	short	*pshortarg;
84 	int	*pintarg;
85 	long	*plongarg;
86 	long long *plonglongarg;
87 	ptrdiff_t *pptrdiffarg;
88 	size_t	*psizearg;
89 	intmax_t *pintmaxarg;
90 #ifndef NO_FLOATING_POINT
91 	double	doublearg;
92 	long double longdoublearg;
93 #endif
94 	wint_t	wintarg;
95 	wchar_t	*pwchararg;
96 };
97 
98 /*
99  * Type ids for argument type table.
100  */
101 enum typeid {
102 	T_UNUSED, TP_SHORT, T_INT, T_U_INT, TP_INT,
103 	T_LONG, T_U_LONG, TP_LONG, T_LLONG, T_U_LLONG, TP_LLONG,
104 	T_PTRDIFFT, TP_PTRDIFFT, T_SIZET, TP_SIZET,
105 	T_INTMAXT, T_UINTMAXT, TP_INTMAXT, TP_VOID, TP_CHAR, TP_SCHAR,
106 	T_DOUBLE, T_LONG_DOUBLE, T_WINT, TP_WCHAR
107 };
108 
109 static int	__sprint(FILE *, struct __suio *);
110 static int	__sbprintf(FILE *, const char *, va_list) __printflike(2, 0);
111 static char	*__ujtoa(uintmax_t, char *, int, int, const char *, int, char,
112 		    const char *);
113 static char	*__ultoa(u_long, char *, int, int, const char *, int, char,
114 		    const char *);
115 static char	*__wcsconv(wchar_t *, int);
116 static void	__find_arguments(const char *, va_list, union arg **);
117 static void	__grow_type_table(int, enum typeid **, int *);
118 
119 /*
120  * Flush out all the vectors defined by the given uio,
121  * then reset it so that it can be reused.
122  */
123 static int
124 __sprint(FILE *fp, struct __suio *uio)
125 {
126 	int err;
127 
128 	if (uio->uio_resid == 0) {
129 		uio->uio_iovcnt = 0;
130 		return (0);
131 	}
132 	err = __sfvwrite(fp, uio);
133 	uio->uio_resid = 0;
134 	uio->uio_iovcnt = 0;
135 	return (err);
136 }
137 
138 /*
139  * Helper function for `fprintf to unbuffered unix file': creates a
140  * temporary buffer.  We only work on write-only files; this avoids
141  * worries about ungetc buffers and so forth.
142  */
143 static int
144 __sbprintf(FILE *fp, const char *fmt, va_list ap)
145 {
146 	int ret;
147 	FILE fake;
148 	unsigned char buf[BUFSIZ];
149 
150 	/* copy the important variables */
151 	fake._flags = fp->_flags & ~__SNBF;
152 	fake._file = fp->_file;
153 	fake._cookie = fp->_cookie;
154 	fake._write = fp->_write;
155 	fake._extra = fp->_extra;
156 
157 	/* set up the buffer */
158 	fake._bf._base = fake._p = buf;
159 	fake._bf._size = fake._w = sizeof(buf);
160 	fake._lbfsize = 0;	/* not actually used, but Just In Case */
161 
162 	/* do the work, then copy any error status */
163 	ret = __vfprintf(&fake, fmt, ap);
164 	if (ret >= 0 && __fflush(&fake))
165 		ret = EOF;
166 	if (fake._flags & __SERR)
167 		fp->_flags |= __SERR;
168 	return (ret);
169 }
170 
171 /*
172  * Macros for converting digits to letters and vice versa
173  */
174 #define	to_digit(c)	((c) - '0')
175 #define is_digit(c)	((unsigned)to_digit(c) <= 9)
176 #define	to_char(n)	((n) + '0')
177 
178 /*
179  * Convert an unsigned long to ASCII for printf purposes, returning
180  * a pointer to the first character of the string representation.
181  * Octal numbers can be forced to have a leading zero; hex numbers
182  * use the given digits.
183  */
184 static char *
185 __ultoa(u_long val, char *endp, int base, int octzero, const char *xdigs,
186 	int needgrp, char thousep, const char *grp)
187 {
188 	char *cp = endp;
189 	long sval;
190 	int ndig;
191 
192 	/*
193 	 * Handle the three cases separately, in the hope of getting
194 	 * better/faster code.
195 	 */
196 	switch (base) {
197 	case 10:
198 		if (val < 10) {	/* many numbers are 1 digit */
199 			*--cp = to_char(val);
200 			return (cp);
201 		}
202 		ndig = 0;
203 		/*
204 		 * On many machines, unsigned arithmetic is harder than
205 		 * signed arithmetic, so we do at most one unsigned mod and
206 		 * divide; this is sufficient to reduce the range of
207 		 * the incoming value to where signed arithmetic works.
208 		 */
209 		if (val > LONG_MAX) {
210 			*--cp = to_char(val % 10);
211 			ndig++;
212 			sval = val / 10;
213 		} else
214 			sval = val;
215 		do {
216 			*--cp = to_char(sval % 10);
217 			ndig++;
218 			/*
219 			 * If (*grp == CHAR_MAX) then no more grouping
220 			 * should be performed.
221 			 */
222 			if (needgrp && ndig == *grp && *grp != CHAR_MAX
223 					&& sval > 9) {
224 				*--cp = thousep;
225 				ndig = 0;
226 				/*
227 				 * If (*(grp+1) == '\0') then we have to
228 				 * use *grp character (last grouping rule)
229 				 * for all next cases
230 				 */
231 				if (*(grp+1) != '\0')
232 					grp++;
233 			}
234 			sval /= 10;
235 		} while (sval != 0);
236 		break;
237 
238 	case 8:
239 		do {
240 			*--cp = to_char(val & 7);
241 			val >>= 3;
242 		} while (val);
243 		if (octzero && *cp != '0')
244 			*--cp = '0';
245 		break;
246 
247 	case 16:
248 		do {
249 			*--cp = xdigs[val & 15];
250 			val >>= 4;
251 		} while (val);
252 		break;
253 
254 	default:			/* oops */
255 		abort();
256 	}
257 	return (cp);
258 }
259 
260 /* Identical to __ultoa, but for intmax_t. */
261 static char *
262 __ujtoa(uintmax_t val, char *endp, int base, int octzero, const char *xdigs,
263 	int needgrp, char thousep, const char *grp)
264 {
265 	char *cp = endp;
266 	intmax_t sval;
267 	int ndig;
268 
269 	/* quick test for small values; __ultoa is typically much faster */
270 	/* (perhaps instead we should run until small, then call __ultoa?) */
271 	if (val <= ULONG_MAX)
272 		return (__ultoa((u_long)val, endp, base, octzero, xdigs,
273 		    needgrp, thousep, grp));
274 	switch (base) {
275 	case 10:
276 		if (val < 10) {
277 			*--cp = to_char(val % 10);
278 			return (cp);
279 		}
280 		ndig = 0;
281 		if (val > INTMAX_MAX) {
282 			*--cp = to_char(val % 10);
283 			ndig++;
284 			sval = val / 10;
285 		} else
286 			sval = val;
287 		do {
288 			*--cp = to_char(sval % 10);
289 			ndig++;
290 			/*
291 			 * If (*grp == CHAR_MAX) then no more grouping
292 			 * should be performed.
293 			 */
294 			if (needgrp && *grp != CHAR_MAX && ndig == *grp
295 					&& sval > 9) {
296 				*--cp = thousep;
297 				ndig = 0;
298 				/*
299 				 * If (*(grp+1) == '\0') then we have to
300 				 * use *grp character (last grouping rule)
301 				 * for all next cases
302 				 */
303 				if (*(grp+1) != '\0')
304 					grp++;
305 			}
306 			sval /= 10;
307 		} while (sval != 0);
308 		break;
309 
310 	case 8:
311 		do {
312 			*--cp = to_char(val & 7);
313 			val >>= 3;
314 		} while (val);
315 		if (octzero && *cp != '0')
316 			*--cp = '0';
317 		break;
318 
319 	case 16:
320 		do {
321 			*--cp = xdigs[val & 15];
322 			val >>= 4;
323 		} while (val);
324 		break;
325 
326 	default:
327 		abort();
328 	}
329 	return (cp);
330 }
331 
332 /*
333  * Convert a wide character string argument for the %ls format to a multibyte
334  * string representation. ``prec'' specifies the maximum number of bytes
335  * to output. If ``prec'' is greater than or equal to zero, we can't assume
336  * that the wide char. string ends in a null character.
337  */
338 static char *
339 __wcsconv(wchar_t *wcsarg, int prec)
340 {
341 	static const mbstate_t initial;
342 	mbstate_t mbs;
343 	char buf[MB_LEN_MAX];
344 	wchar_t *p;
345 	char *convbuf, *mbp;
346 	size_t clen, nbytes;
347 
348 	/*
349 	 * Determine the number of bytes to output and allocate space for
350 	 * the output.
351 	 */
352 	if (prec >= 0) {
353 		nbytes = 0;
354 		p = wcsarg;
355 		mbs = initial;
356 		for (;;) {
357 			clen = wcrtomb(buf, *p++, &mbs);
358 			if (clen == 0 || clen == (size_t)-1 ||
359 			    nbytes + clen > prec)
360 				break;
361 			nbytes += clen;
362 		}
363 	} else {
364 		p = wcsarg;
365 		mbs = initial;
366 		nbytes = wcsrtombs(NULL, (const wchar_t **)&p, 0, &mbs);
367 		if (nbytes == (size_t)-1)
368 			return (NULL);
369 	}
370 	if ((convbuf = malloc(nbytes + 1)) == NULL)
371 		return (NULL);
372 
373 	/*
374 	 * Fill the output buffer with the multibyte representations of as
375 	 * many wide characters as will fit.
376 	 */
377 	mbp = convbuf;
378 	p = wcsarg;
379 	mbs = initial;
380 	while (mbp - convbuf < nbytes) {
381 		clen = wcrtomb(mbp, *p++, &mbs);
382 		if (clen == 0 || clen == (size_t)-1)
383 			break;
384 		mbp += clen;
385 	}
386 	if (clen == (size_t)-1) {
387 		free(convbuf);
388 		return (NULL);
389 	}
390 	*mbp = '\0';
391 
392 	return (convbuf);
393 }
394 
395 /*
396  * MT-safe version
397  */
398 int
399 vfprintf(FILE * __restrict fp, const char * __restrict fmt0, va_list ap)
400 
401 {
402 	int ret;
403 
404 	FLOCKFILE(fp);
405 	ret = __vfprintf(fp, fmt0, ap);
406 	FUNLOCKFILE(fp);
407 	return (ret);
408 }
409 
410 #ifndef NO_FLOATING_POINT
411 
412 #define	dtoa		__dtoa
413 #define	freedtoa	__freedtoa
414 
415 #include <float.h>
416 #include <math.h>
417 #include "floatio.h"
418 #include "gdtoa.h"
419 
420 #define	DEFPREC		6
421 
422 static int exponent(char *, int, int);
423 
424 #endif /* !NO_FLOATING_POINT */
425 
426 /*
427  * The size of the buffer we use as scratch space for integer
428  * conversions, among other things.  Technically, we would need the
429  * most space for base 10 conversions with thousands' grouping
430  * characters between each pair of digits.  100 bytes is a
431  * conservative overestimate even for a 128-bit uintmax_t.
432  */
433 #define	BUF	100
434 
435 #define STATIC_ARG_TBL_SIZE 8           /* Size of static argument table. */
436 
437 /*
438  * Flags used during conversion.
439  */
440 #define	ALT		0x001		/* alternate form */
441 #define	LADJUST		0x004		/* left adjustment */
442 #define	LONGDBL		0x008		/* long double */
443 #define	LONGINT		0x010		/* long integer */
444 #define	LLONGINT	0x020		/* long long integer */
445 #define	SHORTINT	0x040		/* short integer */
446 #define	ZEROPAD		0x080		/* zero (as opposed to blank) pad */
447 #define	FPT		0x100		/* Floating point number */
448 #define	GROUPING	0x200		/* use grouping ("'" flag) */
449 					/* C99 additional size modifiers: */
450 #define	SIZET		0x400		/* size_t */
451 #define	PTRDIFFT	0x800		/* ptrdiff_t */
452 #define	INTMAXT		0x1000		/* intmax_t */
453 #define	CHARINT		0x2000		/* print char using int format */
454 
455 /*
456  * Non-MT-safe version
457  */
458 int
459 __vfprintf(FILE *fp, const char *fmt0, va_list ap)
460 {
461 	char *fmt;		/* format string */
462 	int ch;			/* character from fmt */
463 	int n, n2;		/* handy integer (short term usage) */
464 	char *cp;		/* handy char pointer (short term usage) */
465 	struct __siov *iovp;	/* for PRINT macro */
466 	int flags;		/* flags as above */
467 	int ret;		/* return value accumulator */
468 	int width;		/* width from format (%8d), or 0 */
469 	int prec;		/* precision from format; <0 for N/A */
470 	char sign;		/* sign prefix (' ', '+', '-', or \0) */
471 	char thousands_sep;	/* locale specific thousands separator */
472 	const char *grouping;	/* locale specific numeric grouping rules */
473 #ifndef NO_FLOATING_POINT
474 	/*
475 	 * We can decompose the printed representation of floating
476 	 * point numbers into several parts, some of which may be empty:
477 	 *
478 	 * [+|-| ] [0x|0X] MMM . NNN [e|E|p|P] [+|-] ZZ
479 	 *    A       B     ---C---      D       E   F
480 	 *
481 	 * A:	'sign' holds this value if present; '\0' otherwise
482 	 * B:	ox[1] holds the 'x' or 'X'; '\0' if not hexadecimal
483 	 * C:	cp points to the string MMMNNN.  Leading and trailing
484 	 *	zeros are not in the string and must be added.
485 	 * D:	expchar holds this character; '\0' if no exponent, e.g. %f
486 	 * F:	at least two digits for decimal, at least one digit for hex
487 	 */
488 	char *decimal_point;	/* locale specific decimal point */
489 	int signflag;		/* true if float is negative */
490 	union {			/* floating point arguments %[aAeEfFgG] */
491 		double dbl;
492 		long double ldbl;
493 	} fparg;
494 	int expt;		/* integer value of exponent */
495 	char expchar;		/* exponent character: [eEpP\0] */
496 	char *dtoaend;		/* pointer to end of converted digits */
497 	int expsize;		/* character count for expstr */
498 	int lead;		/* sig figs before decimal or group sep */
499 	int ndig;		/* actual number of digits returned by dtoa */
500 	char expstr[MAXEXPDIG+2];	/* buffer for exponent string: e+ZZZ */
501 	char *dtoaresult;	/* buffer allocated by dtoa */
502 	int nseps;		/* number of group separators with ' */
503 	int nrepeats;		/* number of repeats of the last group */
504 #endif
505 	u_long	ulval;		/* integer arguments %[diouxX] */
506 	uintmax_t ujval;	/* %j, %ll, %q, %t, %z integers */
507 	int base;		/* base for [diouxX] conversion */
508 	int dprec;		/* a copy of prec if [diouxX], 0 otherwise */
509 	int realsz;		/* field size expanded by dprec, sign, etc */
510 	int size;		/* size of converted field or string */
511 	int prsize;             /* max size of printed field */
512 	const char *xdigs;     	/* digits for %[xX] conversion */
513 #define NIOV 8
514 	struct __suio uio;	/* output information: summary */
515 	struct __siov iov[NIOV];/* ... and individual io vectors */
516 	char buf[BUF];		/* buffer with space for digits of uintmax_t */
517 	char ox[2];		/* space for 0x; ox[1] is either x, X, or \0 */
518 	union arg *argtable;    /* args, built due to positional arg */
519 	union arg statargtable [STATIC_ARG_TBL_SIZE];
520 	int nextarg;            /* 1-based argument index */
521 	va_list orgap;          /* original argument pointer */
522 	char *convbuf;		/* wide to multibyte conversion result */
523 
524 	/*
525 	 * Choose PADSIZE to trade efficiency vs. size.  If larger printf
526 	 * fields occur frequently, increase PADSIZE and make the initialisers
527 	 * below longer.
528 	 */
529 #define	PADSIZE	16		/* pad chunk size */
530 	static char blanks[PADSIZE] =
531 	 {' ',' ',' ',' ',' ',' ',' ',' ',' ',' ',' ',' ',' ',' ',' ',' '};
532 	static char zeroes[PADSIZE] =
533 	 {'0','0','0','0','0','0','0','0','0','0','0','0','0','0','0','0'};
534 
535 	static const char xdigs_lower[16] = "0123456789abcdef";
536 	static const char xdigs_upper[16] = "0123456789ABCDEF";
537 
538 	/*
539 	 * BEWARE, these `goto error' on error, and PAD uses `n'.
540 	 */
541 #define	PRINT(ptr, len) { \
542 	iovp->iov_base = (ptr); \
543 	iovp->iov_len = (len); \
544 	uio.uio_resid += (len); \
545 	iovp++; \
546 	if (++uio.uio_iovcnt >= NIOV) { \
547 		if (__sprint(fp, &uio)) \
548 			goto error; \
549 		iovp = iov; \
550 	} \
551 }
552 #define	PAD(howmany, with) { \
553 	if ((n = (howmany)) > 0) { \
554 		while (n > PADSIZE) { \
555 			PRINT(with, PADSIZE); \
556 			n -= PADSIZE; \
557 		} \
558 		PRINT(with, n); \
559 	} \
560 }
561 #define	PRINTANDPAD(p, ep, len, with) do {	\
562 	n2 = (ep) - (p);       			\
563 	if (n2 > (len))				\
564 		n2 = (len);			\
565 	if (n2 > 0)				\
566 		PRINT((p), n2);			\
567 	PAD((len) - (n2 > 0 ? n2 : 0), (with));	\
568 } while(0)
569 #define	FLUSH() { \
570 	if (uio.uio_resid && __sprint(fp, &uio)) \
571 		goto error; \
572 	uio.uio_iovcnt = 0; \
573 	iovp = iov; \
574 }
575 
576 	/*
577 	 * Get the argument indexed by nextarg.   If the argument table is
578 	 * built, use it to get the argument.  If its not, get the next
579 	 * argument (and arguments must be gotten sequentially).
580 	 */
581 #define GETARG(type) \
582 	((argtable != NULL) ? *((type*)(&argtable[nextarg++])) : \
583 	    (nextarg++, va_arg(ap, type)))
584 
585 	/*
586 	 * To extend shorts properly, we need both signed and unsigned
587 	 * argument extraction methods.
588 	 */
589 #define	SARG() \
590 	(flags&LONGINT ? GETARG(long) : \
591 	    flags&SHORTINT ? (long)(short)GETARG(int) : \
592 	    flags&CHARINT ? (long)(signed char)GETARG(int) : \
593 	    (long)GETARG(int))
594 #define	UARG() \
595 	(flags&LONGINT ? GETARG(u_long) : \
596 	    flags&SHORTINT ? (u_long)(u_short)GETARG(int) : \
597 	    flags&CHARINT ? (u_long)(u_char)GETARG(int) : \
598 	    (u_long)GETARG(u_int))
599 #define	INTMAX_SIZE	(INTMAXT|SIZET|PTRDIFFT|LLONGINT)
600 #define SJARG() \
601 	(flags&INTMAXT ? GETARG(intmax_t) : \
602 	    flags&SIZET ? (intmax_t)GETARG(size_t) : \
603 	    flags&PTRDIFFT ? (intmax_t)GETARG(ptrdiff_t) : \
604 	    (intmax_t)GETARG(long long))
605 #define	UJARG() \
606 	(flags&INTMAXT ? GETARG(uintmax_t) : \
607 	    flags&SIZET ? (uintmax_t)GETARG(size_t) : \
608 	    flags&PTRDIFFT ? (uintmax_t)GETARG(ptrdiff_t) : \
609 	    (uintmax_t)GETARG(unsigned long long))
610 
611 	/*
612 	 * Get * arguments, including the form *nn$.  Preserve the nextarg
613 	 * that the argument can be gotten once the type is determined.
614 	 */
615 #define GETASTER(val) \
616 	n2 = 0; \
617 	cp = fmt; \
618 	while (is_digit(*cp)) { \
619 		n2 = 10 * n2 + to_digit(*cp); \
620 		cp++; \
621 	} \
622 	if (*cp == '$') { \
623 		int hold = nextarg; \
624 		if (argtable == NULL) { \
625 			argtable = statargtable; \
626 			__find_arguments (fmt0, orgap, &argtable); \
627 		} \
628 		nextarg = n2; \
629 		val = GETARG (int); \
630 		nextarg = hold; \
631 		fmt = ++cp; \
632 	} else { \
633 		val = GETARG (int); \
634 	}
635 
636 
637 	thousands_sep = '\0';
638 	grouping = NULL;
639 	convbuf = NULL;
640 #ifndef NO_FLOATING_POINT
641 	dtoaresult = NULL;
642 	decimal_point = localeconv()->decimal_point;
643 #endif
644 	/* sorry, fprintf(read_only_file, "") returns EOF, not 0 */
645 	if (prepwrite(fp) != 0)
646 		return (EOF);
647 
648 	/* optimise fprintf(stderr) (and other unbuffered Unix files) */
649 	if ((fp->_flags & (__SNBF|__SWR|__SRW)) == (__SNBF|__SWR) &&
650 	    fp->_file >= 0)
651 		return (__sbprintf(fp, fmt0, ap));
652 
653 	fmt = (char *)fmt0;
654 	argtable = NULL;
655 	nextarg = 1;
656 	va_copy(orgap, ap);
657 	uio.uio_iov = iovp = iov;
658 	uio.uio_resid = 0;
659 	uio.uio_iovcnt = 0;
660 	ret = 0;
661 
662 	/*
663 	 * Scan the format for conversions (`%' character).
664 	 */
665 	for (;;) {
666 		for (cp = fmt; (ch = *fmt) != '\0' && ch != '%'; fmt++)
667 			/* void */;
668 		if ((n = fmt - cp) != 0) {
669 			if ((unsigned)ret + n > INT_MAX) {
670 				ret = EOF;
671 				goto error;
672 			}
673 			PRINT(cp, n);
674 			ret += n;
675 		}
676 		if (ch == '\0')
677 			goto done;
678 		fmt++;		/* skip over '%' */
679 
680 		flags = 0;
681 		dprec = 0;
682 		width = 0;
683 		prec = -1;
684 		sign = '\0';
685 		ox[1] = '\0';
686 
687 rflag:		ch = *fmt++;
688 reswitch:	switch (ch) {
689 		case ' ':
690 			/*-
691 			 * ``If the space and + flags both appear, the space
692 			 * flag will be ignored.''
693 			 *	-- ANSI X3J11
694 			 */
695 			if (!sign)
696 				sign = ' ';
697 			goto rflag;
698 		case '#':
699 			flags |= ALT;
700 			goto rflag;
701 		case '*':
702 			/*-
703 			 * ``A negative field width argument is taken as a
704 			 * - flag followed by a positive field width.''
705 			 *	-- ANSI X3J11
706 			 * They don't exclude field widths read from args.
707 			 */
708 			GETASTER (width);
709 			if (width >= 0)
710 				goto rflag;
711 			width = -width;
712 			/* FALLTHROUGH */
713 		case '-':
714 			flags |= LADJUST;
715 			goto rflag;
716 		case '+':
717 			sign = '+';
718 			goto rflag;
719 		case '\'':
720 			flags |= GROUPING;
721 			thousands_sep = *(localeconv()->thousands_sep);
722 			grouping = localeconv()->grouping;
723 			goto rflag;
724 		case '.':
725 			if ((ch = *fmt++) == '*') {
726 				GETASTER (prec);
727 				goto rflag;
728 			}
729 			prec = 0;
730 			while (is_digit(ch)) {
731 				prec = 10 * prec + to_digit(ch);
732 				ch = *fmt++;
733 			}
734 			goto reswitch;
735 		case '0':
736 			/*-
737 			 * ``Note that 0 is taken as a flag, not as the
738 			 * beginning of a field width.''
739 			 *	-- ANSI X3J11
740 			 */
741 			flags |= ZEROPAD;
742 			goto rflag;
743 		case '1': case '2': case '3': case '4':
744 		case '5': case '6': case '7': case '8': case '9':
745 			n = 0;
746 			do {
747 				n = 10 * n + to_digit(ch);
748 				ch = *fmt++;
749 			} while (is_digit(ch));
750 			if (ch == '$') {
751 				nextarg = n;
752 				if (argtable == NULL) {
753 					argtable = statargtable;
754 					__find_arguments (fmt0, orgap,
755 					    &argtable);
756 				}
757 				goto rflag;
758 			}
759 			width = n;
760 			goto reswitch;
761 #ifndef NO_FLOATING_POINT
762 		case 'L':
763 			flags |= LONGDBL;
764 			goto rflag;
765 #endif
766 		case 'h':
767 			if (flags & SHORTINT) {
768 				flags &= ~SHORTINT;
769 				flags |= CHARINT;
770 			} else
771 				flags |= SHORTINT;
772 			goto rflag;
773 		case 'j':
774 			flags |= INTMAXT;
775 			goto rflag;
776 		case 'l':
777 			if (flags & LONGINT) {
778 				flags &= ~LONGINT;
779 				flags |= LLONGINT;
780 			} else
781 				flags |= LONGINT;
782 			goto rflag;
783 		case 'q':
784 			flags |= LLONGINT;	/* not necessarily */
785 			goto rflag;
786 		case 't':
787 			flags |= PTRDIFFT;
788 			goto rflag;
789 		case 'z':
790 			flags |= SIZET;
791 			goto rflag;
792 		case 'C':
793 			flags |= LONGINT;
794 			/*FALLTHROUGH*/
795 		case 'c':
796 			if (flags & LONGINT) {
797 				static const mbstate_t initial;
798 				mbstate_t mbs;
799 				size_t mbseqlen;
800 
801 				mbs = initial;
802 				mbseqlen = wcrtomb(cp = buf,
803 				    (wchar_t)GETARG(wint_t), &mbs);
804 				if (mbseqlen == (size_t)-1) {
805 					fp->_flags |= __SERR;
806 					goto error;
807 				}
808 				size = (int)mbseqlen;
809 			} else {
810 				*(cp = buf) = GETARG(int);
811 				size = 1;
812 			}
813 			sign = '\0';
814 			break;
815 		case 'D':
816 			flags |= LONGINT;
817 			/*FALLTHROUGH*/
818 		case 'd':
819 		case 'i':
820 			if (flags & INTMAX_SIZE) {
821 				ujval = SJARG();
822 				if ((intmax_t)ujval < 0) {
823 					ujval = -ujval;
824 					sign = '-';
825 				}
826 			} else {
827 				ulval = SARG();
828 				if ((long)ulval < 0) {
829 					ulval = -ulval;
830 					sign = '-';
831 				}
832 			}
833 			base = 10;
834 			goto number;
835 #ifndef NO_FLOATING_POINT
836 		case 'a':
837 		case 'A':
838 			if (ch == 'a') {
839 				ox[1] = 'x';
840 				xdigs = xdigs_lower;
841 				expchar = 'p';
842 			} else {
843 				ox[1] = 'X';
844 				xdigs = xdigs_upper;
845 				expchar = 'P';
846 			}
847 			if (prec >= 0)
848 				prec++;
849 			if (dtoaresult != NULL)
850 				freedtoa(dtoaresult);
851 			if (flags & LONGDBL) {
852 				fparg.ldbl = GETARG(long double);
853 				dtoaresult = cp =
854 				    __hldtoa(fparg.ldbl, xdigs, prec,
855 				    &expt, &signflag, &dtoaend);
856 			} else {
857 				fparg.dbl = GETARG(double);
858 				dtoaresult = cp =
859 				    __hdtoa(fparg.dbl, xdigs, prec,
860 				    &expt, &signflag, &dtoaend);
861 			}
862 			if (prec < 0)
863 				prec = dtoaend - cp;
864 			if (expt == INT_MAX)
865 				ox[1] = '\0';
866 			goto fp_common;
867 		case 'e':
868 		case 'E':
869 			expchar = ch;
870 			if (prec < 0)	/* account for digit before decpt */
871 				prec = DEFPREC + 1;
872 			else
873 				prec++;
874 			goto fp_begin;
875 		case 'f':
876 		case 'F':
877 			expchar = '\0';
878 			goto fp_begin;
879 		case 'g':
880 		case 'G':
881 			expchar = ch - ('g' - 'e');
882 			if (prec == 0)
883 				prec = 1;
884 fp_begin:
885 			if (prec < 0)
886 				prec = DEFPREC;
887 			if (dtoaresult != NULL)
888 				freedtoa(dtoaresult);
889 			if (flags & LONGDBL) {
890 				fparg.ldbl = GETARG(long double);
891 				dtoaresult = cp =
892 				    __ldtoa(&fparg.ldbl, expchar ? 2 : 3, prec,
893 				    &expt, &signflag, &dtoaend);
894 			} else {
895 				fparg.dbl = GETARG(double);
896 				dtoaresult = cp =
897 				    dtoa(fparg.dbl, expchar ? 2 : 3, prec,
898 				    &expt, &signflag, &dtoaend);
899 				if (expt == 9999)
900 					expt = INT_MAX;
901 			}
902 fp_common:
903 			if (signflag)
904 				sign = '-';
905 			if (expt == INT_MAX) {	/* inf or nan */
906 				if (*cp == 'N') {
907 					cp = (ch >= 'a') ? "nan" : "NAN";
908 					sign = '\0';
909 				} else
910 					cp = (ch >= 'a') ? "inf" : "INF";
911 				size = 3;
912 				break;
913 			}
914 			flags |= FPT;
915 			ndig = dtoaend - cp;
916 			if (ch == 'g' || ch == 'G') {
917 				if (expt > -4 && expt <= prec) {
918 					/* Make %[gG] smell like %[fF] */
919 					expchar = '\0';
920 					if (flags & ALT)
921 						prec -= expt;
922 					else
923 						prec = ndig - expt;
924 					if (prec < 0)
925 						prec = 0;
926 				} else {
927 					/*
928 					 * Make %[gG] smell like %[eE], but
929 					 * trim trailing zeroes if no # flag.
930 					 */
931 					if (!(flags & ALT))
932 						prec = ndig;
933 				}
934 			}
935 			if (expchar) {
936 				expsize = exponent(expstr, expt - 1, expchar);
937 				size = expsize + prec;
938 				if (prec > 1 || flags & ALT)
939 					++size;
940 			} else {
941 				/* space for digits before decimal point */
942 				if (expt > 0)
943 					size = expt;
944 				else	/* "0" */
945 					size = 1;
946 				/* space for decimal pt and following digits */
947 				if (prec || flags & ALT)
948 					size += prec + 1;
949 				if (grouping && expt > 0) {
950 					/* space for thousands' grouping */
951 					nseps = nrepeats = 0;
952 					lead = expt;
953 					while (*grouping != CHAR_MAX) {
954 						if (lead <= *grouping)
955 							break;
956 						lead -= *grouping;
957 						if (*(grouping+1)) {
958 							nseps++;
959 							grouping++;
960 						} else
961 							nrepeats++;
962 					}
963 					size += nseps + nrepeats;
964 				} else
965 					lead = expt;
966 			}
967 			break;
968 #endif /* !NO_FLOATING_POINT */
969 		case 'n':
970 			/*
971 			 * Assignment-like behavior is specified if the
972 			 * value overflows or is otherwise unrepresentable.
973 			 * C99 says to use `signed char' for %hhn conversions.
974 			 */
975 			if (flags & LLONGINT)
976 				*GETARG(long long *) = ret;
977 			else if (flags & SIZET)
978 				*GETARG(ssize_t *) = (ssize_t)ret;
979 			else if (flags & PTRDIFFT)
980 				*GETARG(ptrdiff_t *) = ret;
981 			else if (flags & INTMAXT)
982 				*GETARG(intmax_t *) = ret;
983 			else if (flags & LONGINT)
984 				*GETARG(long *) = ret;
985 			else if (flags & SHORTINT)
986 				*GETARG(short *) = ret;
987 			else if (flags & CHARINT)
988 				*GETARG(signed char *) = ret;
989 			else
990 				*GETARG(int *) = ret;
991 			continue;	/* no output */
992 		case 'O':
993 			flags |= LONGINT;
994 			/*FALLTHROUGH*/
995 		case 'o':
996 			if (flags & INTMAX_SIZE)
997 				ujval = UJARG();
998 			else
999 				ulval = UARG();
1000 			base = 8;
1001 			goto nosign;
1002 		case 'p':
1003 			/*-
1004 			 * ``The argument shall be a pointer to void.  The
1005 			 * value of the pointer is converted to a sequence
1006 			 * of printable characters, in an implementation-
1007 			 * defined manner.''
1008 			 *	-- ANSI X3J11
1009 			 */
1010 			ujval = (uintmax_t)(uintptr_t)GETARG(void *);
1011 			base = 16;
1012 			xdigs = xdigs_lower;
1013 			flags = flags | INTMAXT;
1014 			ox[1] = 'x';
1015 			goto nosign;
1016 		case 'S':
1017 			flags |= LONGINT;
1018 			/*FALLTHROUGH*/
1019 		case 's':
1020 			if (flags & LONGINT) {
1021 				wchar_t *wcp;
1022 
1023 				if (convbuf != NULL)
1024 					free(convbuf);
1025 				if ((wcp = GETARG(wchar_t *)) == NULL)
1026 					cp = "(null)";
1027 				else {
1028 					convbuf = __wcsconv(wcp, prec);
1029 					if (convbuf == NULL) {
1030 						fp->_flags |= __SERR;
1031 						goto error;
1032 					}
1033 					cp = convbuf;
1034 				}
1035 			} else if ((cp = GETARG(char *)) == NULL)
1036 				cp = "(null)";
1037 			if (prec >= 0) {
1038 				/*
1039 				 * can't use strlen; can only look for the
1040 				 * NUL in the first `prec' characters, and
1041 				 * strlen() will go further.
1042 				 */
1043 				char *p = memchr(cp, 0, (size_t)prec);
1044 
1045 				if (p != NULL) {
1046 					size = p - cp;
1047 					if (size > prec)
1048 						size = prec;
1049 				} else
1050 					size = prec;
1051 			} else
1052 				size = strlen(cp);
1053 			sign = '\0';
1054 			break;
1055 		case 'U':
1056 			flags |= LONGINT;
1057 			/*FALLTHROUGH*/
1058 		case 'u':
1059 			if (flags & INTMAX_SIZE)
1060 				ujval = UJARG();
1061 			else
1062 				ulval = UARG();
1063 			base = 10;
1064 			goto nosign;
1065 		case 'X':
1066 			xdigs = xdigs_upper;
1067 			goto hex;
1068 		case 'x':
1069 			xdigs = xdigs_lower;
1070 hex:
1071 			if (flags & INTMAX_SIZE)
1072 				ujval = UJARG();
1073 			else
1074 				ulval = UARG();
1075 			base = 16;
1076 			/* leading 0x/X only if non-zero */
1077 			if (flags & ALT &&
1078 			    (flags & INTMAX_SIZE ? ujval != 0 : ulval != 0))
1079 				ox[1] = ch;
1080 
1081 			flags &= ~GROUPING;
1082 			/* unsigned conversions */
1083 nosign:			sign = '\0';
1084 			/*-
1085 			 * ``... diouXx conversions ... if a precision is
1086 			 * specified, the 0 flag will be ignored.''
1087 			 *	-- ANSI X3J11
1088 			 */
1089 number:			if ((dprec = prec) >= 0)
1090 				flags &= ~ZEROPAD;
1091 
1092 			/*-
1093 			 * ``The result of converting a zero value with an
1094 			 * explicit precision of zero is no characters.''
1095 			 *	-- ANSI X3J11
1096 			 */
1097 			cp = buf + BUF;
1098 			if (flags & INTMAX_SIZE) {
1099 				if (ujval != 0 || prec != 0)
1100 					cp = __ujtoa(ujval, cp, base,
1101 					    flags & ALT, xdigs,
1102 					    flags & GROUPING, thousands_sep,
1103 					    grouping);
1104 			} else {
1105 				if (ulval != 0 || prec != 0)
1106 					cp = __ultoa(ulval, cp, base,
1107 					    flags & ALT, xdigs,
1108 					    flags & GROUPING, thousands_sep,
1109 					    grouping);
1110 			}
1111 			size = buf + BUF - cp;
1112 			if (size > BUF)	/* should never happen */
1113 				abort();
1114 			break;
1115 		default:	/* "%?" prints ?, unless ? is NUL */
1116 			if (ch == '\0')
1117 				goto done;
1118 			/* pretend it was %c with argument ch */
1119 			cp = buf;
1120 			*cp = ch;
1121 			size = 1;
1122 			sign = '\0';
1123 			break;
1124 		}
1125 
1126 		/*
1127 		 * All reasonable formats wind up here.  At this point, `cp'
1128 		 * points to a string which (if not flags&LADJUST) should be
1129 		 * padded out to `width' places.  If flags&ZEROPAD, it should
1130 		 * first be prefixed by any sign or other prefix; otherwise,
1131 		 * it should be blank padded before the prefix is emitted.
1132 		 * After any left-hand padding and prefixing, emit zeroes
1133 		 * required by a decimal [diouxX] precision, then print the
1134 		 * string proper, then emit zeroes required by any leftover
1135 		 * floating precision; finally, if LADJUST, pad with blanks.
1136 		 *
1137 		 * Compute actual size, so we know how much to pad.
1138 		 * size excludes decimal prec; realsz includes it.
1139 		 */
1140 		realsz = dprec > size ? dprec : size;
1141 		if (sign)
1142 			realsz++;
1143 		if (ox[1])
1144 			realsz += 2;
1145 
1146 		prsize = width > realsz ? width : realsz;
1147 		if ((unsigned)ret + prsize > INT_MAX) {
1148 			ret = EOF;
1149 			goto error;
1150 		}
1151 
1152 		/* right-adjusting blank padding */
1153 		if ((flags & (LADJUST|ZEROPAD)) == 0)
1154 			PAD(width - realsz, blanks);
1155 
1156 		/* prefix */
1157 		if (sign)
1158 			PRINT(&sign, 1);
1159 
1160 		if (ox[1]) {	/* ox[1] is either x, X, or \0 */
1161 			ox[0] = '0';
1162 			PRINT(ox, 2);
1163 		}
1164 
1165 		/* right-adjusting zero padding */
1166 		if ((flags & (LADJUST|ZEROPAD)) == ZEROPAD)
1167 			PAD(width - realsz, zeroes);
1168 
1169 		/* leading zeroes from decimal precision */
1170 		PAD(dprec - size, zeroes);
1171 
1172 		/* the string or number proper */
1173 #ifndef NO_FLOATING_POINT
1174 		if ((flags & FPT) == 0) {
1175 			PRINT(cp, size);
1176 		} else {	/* glue together f_p fragments */
1177 			if (!expchar) {	/* %[fF] or sufficiently short %[gG] */
1178 				if (expt <= 0) {
1179 					PRINT(zeroes, 1);
1180 					if (prec || flags & ALT)
1181 						PRINT(decimal_point, 1);
1182 					PAD(-expt, zeroes);
1183 					/* already handled initial 0's */
1184 					prec += expt;
1185 				} else {
1186 					PRINTANDPAD(cp, dtoaend, lead, zeroes);
1187 					cp += lead;
1188 					if (grouping) {
1189 						while (nseps>0 || nrepeats>0) {
1190 							if (nrepeats > 0)
1191 								nrepeats--;
1192 							else {
1193 								grouping--;
1194 								nseps--;
1195 							}
1196 							PRINT(&thousands_sep,
1197 							    1);
1198 							PRINTANDPAD(cp,dtoaend,
1199 							    *grouping, zeroes);
1200 							cp += *grouping;
1201 						}
1202 						if (cp > dtoaend)
1203 							cp = dtoaend;
1204 					}
1205 					if (prec || flags & ALT)
1206 						PRINT(decimal_point,1);
1207 				}
1208 				PRINTANDPAD(cp, dtoaend, prec, zeroes);
1209 			} else {	/* %[eE] or sufficiently long %[gG] */
1210 				if (prec > 1 || flags & ALT) {
1211 					buf[0] = *cp++;
1212 					buf[1] = *decimal_point;
1213 					PRINT(buf, 2);
1214 					PRINT(cp, ndig-1);
1215 					PAD(prec - ndig, zeroes);
1216 				} else	/* XeYYY */
1217 					PRINT(cp, 1);
1218 				PRINT(expstr, expsize);
1219 			}
1220 		}
1221 #else
1222 		PRINT(cp, size);
1223 #endif
1224 		/* left-adjusting padding (always blank) */
1225 		if (flags & LADJUST)
1226 			PAD(width - realsz, blanks);
1227 
1228 		/* finally, adjust ret */
1229 		ret += prsize;
1230 
1231 		FLUSH();	/* copy out the I/O vectors */
1232 	}
1233 done:
1234 	FLUSH();
1235 error:
1236 #ifndef NO_FLOATING_POINT
1237 	if (dtoaresult != NULL)
1238 		freedtoa(dtoaresult);
1239 #endif
1240 	if (convbuf != NULL)
1241 		free(convbuf);
1242 	if (__sferror(fp))
1243 		ret = EOF;
1244 	if ((argtable != NULL) && (argtable != statargtable))
1245 		free (argtable);
1246 	return (ret);
1247 	/* NOTREACHED */
1248 }
1249 
1250 /*
1251  * Find all arguments when a positional parameter is encountered.  Returns a
1252  * table, indexed by argument number, of pointers to each arguments.  The
1253  * initial argument table should be an array of STATIC_ARG_TBL_SIZE entries.
1254  * It will be replaces with a malloc-ed one if it overflows.
1255  */
1256 static void
1257 __find_arguments (const char *fmt0, va_list ap, union arg **argtable)
1258 {
1259 	char *fmt;		/* format string */
1260 	int ch;			/* character from fmt */
1261 	int n, n2;		/* handy integer (short term usage) */
1262 	char *cp;		/* handy char pointer (short term usage) */
1263 	int flags;		/* flags as above */
1264 	int width;		/* width from format (%8d), or 0 */
1265 	enum typeid *typetable; /* table of types */
1266 	enum typeid stattypetable [STATIC_ARG_TBL_SIZE];
1267 	int tablesize;		/* current size of type table */
1268 	int tablemax;		/* largest used index in table */
1269 	int nextarg;		/* 1-based argument index */
1270 
1271 	/*
1272 	 * Add an argument type to the table, expanding if necessary.
1273 	 */
1274 #define ADDTYPE(type) \
1275 	((nextarg >= tablesize) ? \
1276 		__grow_type_table(nextarg, &typetable, &tablesize) : (void)0, \
1277 	(nextarg > tablemax) ? tablemax = nextarg : 0, \
1278 	typetable[nextarg++] = type)
1279 
1280 #define	ADDSARG() \
1281 	((flags&INTMAXT) ? ADDTYPE(T_INTMAXT) : \
1282 		((flags&SIZET) ? ADDTYPE(T_SIZET) : \
1283 		((flags&PTRDIFFT) ? ADDTYPE(T_PTRDIFFT) : \
1284 		((flags&LLONGINT) ? ADDTYPE(T_LLONG) : \
1285 		((flags&LONGINT) ? ADDTYPE(T_LONG) : ADDTYPE(T_INT))))))
1286 
1287 #define	ADDUARG() \
1288 	((flags&INTMAXT) ? ADDTYPE(T_UINTMAXT) : \
1289 		((flags&SIZET) ? ADDTYPE(T_SIZET) : \
1290 		((flags&PTRDIFFT) ? ADDTYPE(T_PTRDIFFT) : \
1291 		((flags&LLONGINT) ? ADDTYPE(T_U_LLONG) : \
1292 		((flags&LONGINT) ? ADDTYPE(T_U_LONG) : ADDTYPE(T_U_INT))))))
1293 
1294 	/*
1295 	 * Add * arguments to the type array.
1296 	 */
1297 #define ADDASTER() \
1298 	n2 = 0; \
1299 	cp = fmt; \
1300 	while (is_digit(*cp)) { \
1301 		n2 = 10 * n2 + to_digit(*cp); \
1302 		cp++; \
1303 	} \
1304 	if (*cp == '$') { \
1305 		int hold = nextarg; \
1306 		nextarg = n2; \
1307 		ADDTYPE (T_INT); \
1308 		nextarg = hold; \
1309 		fmt = ++cp; \
1310 	} else { \
1311 		ADDTYPE (T_INT); \
1312 	}
1313 	fmt = (char *)fmt0;
1314 	typetable = stattypetable;
1315 	tablesize = STATIC_ARG_TBL_SIZE;
1316 	tablemax = 0;
1317 	nextarg = 1;
1318 	for (n = 0; n < STATIC_ARG_TBL_SIZE; n++)
1319 		typetable[n] = T_UNUSED;
1320 
1321 	/*
1322 	 * Scan the format for conversions (`%' character).
1323 	 */
1324 	for (;;) {
1325 		for (cp = fmt; (ch = *fmt) != '\0' && ch != '%'; fmt++)
1326 			/* void */;
1327 		if (ch == '\0')
1328 			goto done;
1329 		fmt++;		/* skip over '%' */
1330 
1331 		flags = 0;
1332 		width = 0;
1333 
1334 rflag:		ch = *fmt++;
1335 reswitch:	switch (ch) {
1336 		case ' ':
1337 		case '#':
1338 			goto rflag;
1339 		case '*':
1340 			ADDASTER ();
1341 			goto rflag;
1342 		case '-':
1343 		case '+':
1344 		case '\'':
1345 			goto rflag;
1346 		case '.':
1347 			if ((ch = *fmt++) == '*') {
1348 				ADDASTER ();
1349 				goto rflag;
1350 			}
1351 			while (is_digit(ch)) {
1352 				ch = *fmt++;
1353 			}
1354 			goto reswitch;
1355 		case '0':
1356 			goto rflag;
1357 		case '1': case '2': case '3': case '4':
1358 		case '5': case '6': case '7': case '8': case '9':
1359 			n = 0;
1360 			do {
1361 				n = 10 * n + to_digit(ch);
1362 				ch = *fmt++;
1363 			} while (is_digit(ch));
1364 			if (ch == '$') {
1365 				nextarg = n;
1366 				goto rflag;
1367 			}
1368 			width = n;
1369 			goto reswitch;
1370 #ifndef NO_FLOATING_POINT
1371 		case 'L':
1372 			flags |= LONGDBL;
1373 			goto rflag;
1374 #endif
1375 		case 'h':
1376 			if (flags & SHORTINT) {
1377 				flags &= ~SHORTINT;
1378 				flags |= CHARINT;
1379 			} else
1380 				flags |= SHORTINT;
1381 			goto rflag;
1382 		case 'j':
1383 			flags |= INTMAXT;
1384 			goto rflag;
1385 		case 'l':
1386 			if (flags & LONGINT) {
1387 				flags &= ~LONGINT;
1388 				flags |= LLONGINT;
1389 			} else
1390 				flags |= LONGINT;
1391 			goto rflag;
1392 		case 'q':
1393 			flags |= LLONGINT;	/* not necessarily */
1394 			goto rflag;
1395 		case 't':
1396 			flags |= PTRDIFFT;
1397 			goto rflag;
1398 		case 'z':
1399 			flags |= SIZET;
1400 			goto rflag;
1401 		case 'C':
1402 			flags |= LONGINT;
1403 			/*FALLTHROUGH*/
1404 		case 'c':
1405 			if (flags & LONGINT)
1406 				ADDTYPE(T_WINT);
1407 			else
1408 				ADDTYPE(T_INT);
1409 			break;
1410 		case 'D':
1411 			flags |= LONGINT;
1412 			/*FALLTHROUGH*/
1413 		case 'd':
1414 		case 'i':
1415 			ADDSARG();
1416 			break;
1417 #ifndef NO_FLOATING_POINT
1418 		case 'a':
1419 		case 'A':
1420 		case 'e':
1421 		case 'E':
1422 		case 'f':
1423 		case 'g':
1424 		case 'G':
1425 			if (flags & LONGDBL)
1426 				ADDTYPE(T_LONG_DOUBLE);
1427 			else
1428 				ADDTYPE(T_DOUBLE);
1429 			break;
1430 #endif /* !NO_FLOATING_POINT */
1431 		case 'n':
1432 			if (flags & INTMAXT)
1433 				ADDTYPE(TP_INTMAXT);
1434 			else if (flags & PTRDIFFT)
1435 				ADDTYPE(TP_PTRDIFFT);
1436 			else if (flags & SIZET)
1437 				ADDTYPE(TP_SIZET);
1438 			else if (flags & LLONGINT)
1439 				ADDTYPE(TP_LLONG);
1440 			else if (flags & LONGINT)
1441 				ADDTYPE(TP_LONG);
1442 			else if (flags & SHORTINT)
1443 				ADDTYPE(TP_SHORT);
1444 			else if (flags & CHARINT)
1445 				ADDTYPE(TP_SCHAR);
1446 			else
1447 				ADDTYPE(TP_INT);
1448 			continue;	/* no output */
1449 		case 'O':
1450 			flags |= LONGINT;
1451 			/*FALLTHROUGH*/
1452 		case 'o':
1453 			ADDUARG();
1454 			break;
1455 		case 'p':
1456 			ADDTYPE(TP_VOID);
1457 			break;
1458 		case 'S':
1459 			flags |= LONGINT;
1460 			/*FALLTHROUGH*/
1461 		case 's':
1462 			if (flags & LONGINT)
1463 				ADDTYPE(TP_WCHAR);
1464 			else
1465 				ADDTYPE(TP_CHAR);
1466 			break;
1467 		case 'U':
1468 			flags |= LONGINT;
1469 			/*FALLTHROUGH*/
1470 		case 'u':
1471 		case 'X':
1472 		case 'x':
1473 			ADDUARG();
1474 			break;
1475 		default:	/* "%?" prints ?, unless ? is NUL */
1476 			if (ch == '\0')
1477 				goto done;
1478 			break;
1479 		}
1480 	}
1481 done:
1482 	/*
1483 	 * Build the argument table.
1484 	 */
1485 	if (tablemax >= STATIC_ARG_TBL_SIZE) {
1486 		*argtable = (union arg *)
1487 		    malloc (sizeof (union arg) * (tablemax + 1));
1488 	}
1489 
1490 	(*argtable) [0].intarg = 0;
1491 	for (n = 1; n <= tablemax; n++) {
1492 		switch (typetable [n]) {
1493 		    case T_UNUSED: /* whoops! */
1494 			(*argtable) [n].intarg = va_arg (ap, int);
1495 			break;
1496 		    case TP_SCHAR:
1497 			(*argtable) [n].pschararg = va_arg (ap, signed char *);
1498 			break;
1499 		    case TP_SHORT:
1500 			(*argtable) [n].pshortarg = va_arg (ap, short *);
1501 			break;
1502 		    case T_INT:
1503 			(*argtable) [n].intarg = va_arg (ap, int);
1504 			break;
1505 		    case T_U_INT:
1506 			(*argtable) [n].uintarg = va_arg (ap, unsigned int);
1507 			break;
1508 		    case TP_INT:
1509 			(*argtable) [n].pintarg = va_arg (ap, int *);
1510 			break;
1511 		    case T_LONG:
1512 			(*argtable) [n].longarg = va_arg (ap, long);
1513 			break;
1514 		    case T_U_LONG:
1515 			(*argtable) [n].ulongarg = va_arg (ap, unsigned long);
1516 			break;
1517 		    case TP_LONG:
1518 			(*argtable) [n].plongarg = va_arg (ap, long *);
1519 			break;
1520 		    case T_LLONG:
1521 			(*argtable) [n].longlongarg = va_arg (ap, long long);
1522 			break;
1523 		    case T_U_LLONG:
1524 			(*argtable) [n].ulonglongarg = va_arg (ap, unsigned long long);
1525 			break;
1526 		    case TP_LLONG:
1527 			(*argtable) [n].plonglongarg = va_arg (ap, long long *);
1528 			break;
1529 		    case T_PTRDIFFT:
1530 			(*argtable) [n].ptrdiffarg = va_arg (ap, ptrdiff_t);
1531 			break;
1532 		    case TP_PTRDIFFT:
1533 			(*argtable) [n].pptrdiffarg = va_arg (ap, ptrdiff_t *);
1534 			break;
1535 		    case T_SIZET:
1536 			(*argtable) [n].sizearg = va_arg (ap, size_t);
1537 			break;
1538 		    case TP_SIZET:
1539 			(*argtable) [n].psizearg = va_arg (ap, ssize_t *);
1540 			break;
1541 		    case T_INTMAXT:
1542 			(*argtable) [n].intmaxarg = va_arg (ap, intmax_t);
1543 			break;
1544 		    case T_UINTMAXT:
1545 			(*argtable) [n].uintmaxarg = va_arg (ap, uintmax_t);
1546 			break;
1547 		    case TP_INTMAXT:
1548 			(*argtable) [n].pintmaxarg = va_arg (ap, intmax_t *);
1549 			break;
1550 #ifndef NO_FLOATING_POINT
1551 		    case T_DOUBLE:
1552 			(*argtable) [n].doublearg = va_arg (ap, double);
1553 			break;
1554 		    case T_LONG_DOUBLE:
1555 			(*argtable) [n].longdoublearg = va_arg (ap, long double);
1556 			break;
1557 #endif
1558 		    case TP_CHAR:
1559 			(*argtable) [n].pchararg = va_arg (ap, char *);
1560 			break;
1561 		    case TP_VOID:
1562 			(*argtable) [n].pvoidarg = va_arg (ap, void *);
1563 			break;
1564 		    case T_WINT:
1565 			(*argtable) [n].wintarg = va_arg (ap, wint_t);
1566 			break;
1567 		    case TP_WCHAR:
1568 			(*argtable) [n].pwchararg = va_arg (ap, wchar_t *);
1569 			break;
1570 		}
1571 	}
1572 
1573 	if ((typetable != NULL) && (typetable != stattypetable))
1574 		free (typetable);
1575 }
1576 
1577 /*
1578  * Increase the size of the type table.
1579  */
1580 static void
1581 __grow_type_table (int nextarg, enum typeid **typetable, int *tablesize)
1582 {
1583 	enum typeid *const oldtable = *typetable;
1584 	const int oldsize = *tablesize;
1585 	enum typeid *newtable;
1586 	int n, newsize = oldsize * 2;
1587 
1588 	if (newsize < nextarg + 1)
1589 		newsize = nextarg + 1;
1590 	if (oldsize == STATIC_ARG_TBL_SIZE) {
1591 		if ((newtable = malloc(newsize * sizeof(enum typeid))) == NULL)
1592 			abort();			/* XXX handle better */
1593 		bcopy(oldtable, newtable, oldsize * sizeof(enum typeid));
1594 	} else {
1595 		newtable = reallocf(oldtable, newsize * sizeof(enum typeid));
1596 		if (newtable == NULL)
1597 			abort();			/* XXX handle better */
1598 	}
1599 	for (n = oldsize; n < newsize; n++)
1600 		newtable[n] = T_UNUSED;
1601 
1602 	*typetable = newtable;
1603 	*tablesize = newsize;
1604 }
1605 
1606 
1607 #ifndef NO_FLOATING_POINT
1608 
1609 static int
1610 exponent(char *p0, int exp, int fmtch)
1611 {
1612 	char *p, *t;
1613 	char expbuf[MAXEXPDIG];
1614 
1615 	p = p0;
1616 	*p++ = fmtch;
1617 	if (exp < 0) {
1618 		exp = -exp;
1619 		*p++ = '-';
1620 	}
1621 	else
1622 		*p++ = '+';
1623 	t = expbuf + MAXEXPDIG;
1624 	if (exp > 9) {
1625 		do {
1626 			*--t = to_char(exp % 10);
1627 		} while ((exp /= 10) > 9);
1628 		*--t = to_char(exp);
1629 		for (; t < expbuf + MAXEXPDIG; *p++ = *t++);
1630 	}
1631 	else {
1632 		/*
1633 		 * Exponents for decimal floating point conversions
1634 		 * (%[eEgG]) must be at least two characters long,
1635 		 * whereas exponents for hexadecimal conversions can
1636 		 * be only one character long.
1637 		 */
1638 		if (fmtch == 'e' || fmtch == 'E')
1639 			*p++ = '0';
1640 		*p++ = to_char(exp);
1641 	}
1642 	return (p - p0);
1643 }
1644 #endif /* !NO_FLOATING_POINT */
1645