xref: /freebsd/lib/libc/stdio/vfprintf.c (revision 2b743a9e9ddc6736208dc8ca1ce06ce64ad20a19)
1 /*-
2  * Copyright (c) 1990, 1993
3  *	The Regents of the University of California.  All rights reserved.
4  *
5  * This code is derived from software contributed to Berkeley by
6  * Chris Torek.
7  *
8  * Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
9  * modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions
10  * are met:
11  * 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
12  *    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
13  * 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright
14  *    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the
15  *    documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
16  * 4. Neither the name of the University nor the names of its contributors
17  *    may be used to endorse or promote products derived from this software
18  *    without specific prior written permission.
19  *
20  * THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE REGENTS AND CONTRIBUTORS ``AS IS'' AND
21  * ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE
22  * IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE
23  * ARE DISCLAIMED.  IN NO EVENT SHALL THE REGENTS OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE
24  * FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL
25  * DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS
26  * OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION)
27  * HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT
28  * LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY
29  * OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF
30  * SUCH DAMAGE.
31  */
32 
33 #if defined(LIBC_SCCS) && !defined(lint)
34 static char sccsid[] = "@(#)vfprintf.c	8.1 (Berkeley) 6/4/93";
35 #endif /* LIBC_SCCS and not lint */
36 #include <sys/cdefs.h>
37 __FBSDID("$FreeBSD$");
38 
39 /*
40  * Actual printf innards.
41  *
42  * This code is large and complicated...
43  */
44 
45 #include "namespace.h"
46 #include <sys/types.h>
47 
48 #include <ctype.h>
49 #include <limits.h>
50 #include <locale.h>
51 #include <stddef.h>
52 #include <stdint.h>
53 #include <stdio.h>
54 #include <stdlib.h>
55 #include <string.h>
56 #include <wchar.h>
57 #include <printf.h>
58 
59 #include <stdarg.h>
60 #include "un-namespace.h"
61 
62 #include "libc_private.h"
63 #include "local.h"
64 #include "fvwrite.h"
65 
66 union arg {
67 	int	intarg;
68 	u_int	uintarg;
69 	long	longarg;
70 	u_long	ulongarg;
71 	long long longlongarg;
72 	unsigned long long ulonglongarg;
73 	ptrdiff_t ptrdiffarg;
74 	size_t	sizearg;
75 	intmax_t intmaxarg;
76 	uintmax_t uintmaxarg;
77 	void	*pvoidarg;
78 	char	*pchararg;
79 	signed char *pschararg;
80 	short	*pshortarg;
81 	int	*pintarg;
82 	long	*plongarg;
83 	long long *plonglongarg;
84 	ptrdiff_t *pptrdiffarg;
85 	size_t	*psizearg;
86 	intmax_t *pintmaxarg;
87 #ifndef NO_FLOATING_POINT
88 	double	doublearg;
89 	long double longdoublearg;
90 #endif
91 	wint_t	wintarg;
92 	wchar_t	*pwchararg;
93 };
94 
95 /*
96  * Type ids for argument type table.
97  */
98 enum typeid {
99 	T_UNUSED, TP_SHORT, T_INT, T_U_INT, TP_INT,
100 	T_LONG, T_U_LONG, TP_LONG, T_LLONG, T_U_LLONG, TP_LLONG,
101 	T_PTRDIFFT, TP_PTRDIFFT, T_SIZET, TP_SIZET,
102 	T_INTMAXT, T_UINTMAXT, TP_INTMAXT, TP_VOID, TP_CHAR, TP_SCHAR,
103 	T_DOUBLE, T_LONG_DOUBLE, T_WINT, TP_WCHAR
104 };
105 
106 static int	__sprint(FILE *, struct __suio *);
107 static int	__sbprintf(FILE *, const char *, va_list) __printflike(2, 0);
108 static char	*__ujtoa(uintmax_t, char *, int, int, const char *, int, char,
109 		    const char *);
110 static char	*__ultoa(u_long, char *, int, int, const char *, int, char,
111 		    const char *);
112 static char	*__wcsconv(wchar_t *, int);
113 static void	__find_arguments(const char *, va_list, union arg **);
114 static void	__grow_type_table(int, enum typeid **, int *);
115 
116 /*
117  * Flush out all the vectors defined by the given uio,
118  * then reset it so that it can be reused.
119  */
120 static int
121 __sprint(FILE *fp, struct __suio *uio)
122 {
123 	int err;
124 
125 	if (uio->uio_resid == 0) {
126 		uio->uio_iovcnt = 0;
127 		return (0);
128 	}
129 	err = __sfvwrite(fp, uio);
130 	uio->uio_resid = 0;
131 	uio->uio_iovcnt = 0;
132 	return (err);
133 }
134 
135 /*
136  * Helper function for `fprintf to unbuffered unix file': creates a
137  * temporary buffer.  We only work on write-only files; this avoids
138  * worries about ungetc buffers and so forth.
139  */
140 static int
141 __sbprintf(FILE *fp, const char *fmt, va_list ap)
142 {
143 	int ret;
144 	FILE fake;
145 	unsigned char buf[BUFSIZ];
146 
147 	/* copy the important variables */
148 	fake._flags = fp->_flags & ~__SNBF;
149 	fake._file = fp->_file;
150 	fake._cookie = fp->_cookie;
151 	fake._write = fp->_write;
152 	fake._extra = fp->_extra;
153 
154 	/* set up the buffer */
155 	fake._bf._base = fake._p = buf;
156 	fake._bf._size = fake._w = sizeof(buf);
157 	fake._lbfsize = 0;	/* not actually used, but Just In Case */
158 
159 	/* do the work, then copy any error status */
160 	ret = __vfprintf(&fake, fmt, ap);
161 	if (ret >= 0 && __fflush(&fake))
162 		ret = EOF;
163 	if (fake._flags & __SERR)
164 		fp->_flags |= __SERR;
165 	return (ret);
166 }
167 
168 /*
169  * Macros for converting digits to letters and vice versa
170  */
171 #define	to_digit(c)	((c) - '0')
172 #define is_digit(c)	((unsigned)to_digit(c) <= 9)
173 #define	to_char(n)	((n) + '0')
174 
175 /*
176  * Convert an unsigned long to ASCII for printf purposes, returning
177  * a pointer to the first character of the string representation.
178  * Octal numbers can be forced to have a leading zero; hex numbers
179  * use the given digits.
180  */
181 static char *
182 __ultoa(u_long val, char *endp, int base, int octzero, const char *xdigs,
183 	int needgrp, char thousep, const char *grp)
184 {
185 	char *cp = endp;
186 	long sval;
187 	int ndig;
188 
189 	/*
190 	 * Handle the three cases separately, in the hope of getting
191 	 * better/faster code.
192 	 */
193 	switch (base) {
194 	case 10:
195 		if (val < 10) {	/* many numbers are 1 digit */
196 			*--cp = to_char(val);
197 			return (cp);
198 		}
199 		ndig = 0;
200 		/*
201 		 * On many machines, unsigned arithmetic is harder than
202 		 * signed arithmetic, so we do at most one unsigned mod and
203 		 * divide; this is sufficient to reduce the range of
204 		 * the incoming value to where signed arithmetic works.
205 		 */
206 		if (val > LONG_MAX) {
207 			*--cp = to_char(val % 10);
208 			ndig++;
209 			sval = val / 10;
210 		} else
211 			sval = val;
212 		do {
213 			*--cp = to_char(sval % 10);
214 			ndig++;
215 			/*
216 			 * If (*grp == CHAR_MAX) then no more grouping
217 			 * should be performed.
218 			 */
219 			if (needgrp && ndig == *grp && *grp != CHAR_MAX
220 					&& sval > 9) {
221 				*--cp = thousep;
222 				ndig = 0;
223 				/*
224 				 * If (*(grp+1) == '\0') then we have to
225 				 * use *grp character (last grouping rule)
226 				 * for all next cases
227 				 */
228 				if (*(grp+1) != '\0')
229 					grp++;
230 			}
231 			sval /= 10;
232 		} while (sval != 0);
233 		break;
234 
235 	case 8:
236 		do {
237 			*--cp = to_char(val & 7);
238 			val >>= 3;
239 		} while (val);
240 		if (octzero && *cp != '0')
241 			*--cp = '0';
242 		break;
243 
244 	case 16:
245 		do {
246 			*--cp = xdigs[val & 15];
247 			val >>= 4;
248 		} while (val);
249 		break;
250 
251 	default:			/* oops */
252 		abort();
253 	}
254 	return (cp);
255 }
256 
257 /* Identical to __ultoa, but for intmax_t. */
258 static char *
259 __ujtoa(uintmax_t val, char *endp, int base, int octzero, const char *xdigs,
260 	int needgrp, char thousep, const char *grp)
261 {
262 	char *cp = endp;
263 	intmax_t sval;
264 	int ndig;
265 
266 	/* quick test for small values; __ultoa is typically much faster */
267 	/* (perhaps instead we should run until small, then call __ultoa?) */
268 	if (val <= ULONG_MAX)
269 		return (__ultoa((u_long)val, endp, base, octzero, xdigs,
270 		    needgrp, thousep, grp));
271 	switch (base) {
272 	case 10:
273 		if (val < 10) {
274 			*--cp = to_char(val % 10);
275 			return (cp);
276 		}
277 		ndig = 0;
278 		if (val > INTMAX_MAX) {
279 			*--cp = to_char(val % 10);
280 			ndig++;
281 			sval = val / 10;
282 		} else
283 			sval = val;
284 		do {
285 			*--cp = to_char(sval % 10);
286 			ndig++;
287 			/*
288 			 * If (*grp == CHAR_MAX) then no more grouping
289 			 * should be performed.
290 			 */
291 			if (needgrp && *grp != CHAR_MAX && ndig == *grp
292 					&& sval > 9) {
293 				*--cp = thousep;
294 				ndig = 0;
295 				/*
296 				 * If (*(grp+1) == '\0') then we have to
297 				 * use *grp character (last grouping rule)
298 				 * for all next cases
299 				 */
300 				if (*(grp+1) != '\0')
301 					grp++;
302 			}
303 			sval /= 10;
304 		} while (sval != 0);
305 		break;
306 
307 	case 8:
308 		do {
309 			*--cp = to_char(val & 7);
310 			val >>= 3;
311 		} while (val);
312 		if (octzero && *cp != '0')
313 			*--cp = '0';
314 		break;
315 
316 	case 16:
317 		do {
318 			*--cp = xdigs[val & 15];
319 			val >>= 4;
320 		} while (val);
321 		break;
322 
323 	default:
324 		abort();
325 	}
326 	return (cp);
327 }
328 
329 /*
330  * Convert a wide character string argument for the %ls format to a multibyte
331  * string representation. If not -1, prec specifies the maximum number of
332  * bytes to output, and also means that we can't assume that the wide char.
333  * string ends is null-terminated.
334  */
335 static char *
336 __wcsconv(wchar_t *wcsarg, int prec)
337 {
338 	static const mbstate_t initial;
339 	mbstate_t mbs;
340 	char buf[MB_LEN_MAX];
341 	wchar_t *p;
342 	char *convbuf;
343 	size_t clen, nbytes;
344 
345 	/* Allocate space for the maximum number of bytes we could output. */
346 	if (prec < 0) {
347 		p = wcsarg;
348 		mbs = initial;
349 		nbytes = wcsrtombs(NULL, (const wchar_t **)&p, 0, &mbs);
350 		if (nbytes == (size_t)-1)
351 			return (NULL);
352 	} else {
353 		/*
354 		 * Optimisation: if the output precision is small enough,
355 		 * just allocate enough memory for the maximum instead of
356 		 * scanning the string.
357 		 */
358 		if (prec < 128)
359 			nbytes = prec;
360 		else {
361 			nbytes = 0;
362 			p = wcsarg;
363 			mbs = initial;
364 			for (;;) {
365 				clen = wcrtomb(buf, *p++, &mbs);
366 				if (clen == 0 || clen == (size_t)-1 ||
367 				    nbytes + clen > prec)
368 					break;
369 				nbytes += clen;
370 			}
371 		}
372 	}
373 	if ((convbuf = malloc(nbytes + 1)) == NULL)
374 		return (NULL);
375 
376 	/* Fill the output buffer. */
377 	p = wcsarg;
378 	mbs = initial;
379 	if ((nbytes = wcsrtombs(convbuf, (const wchar_t **)&p,
380 	    nbytes, &mbs)) == (size_t)-1) {
381 		free(convbuf);
382 		return (NULL);
383 	}
384 	convbuf[nbytes] = '\0';
385 	return (convbuf);
386 }
387 
388 /*
389  * MT-safe version
390  */
391 int
392 vfprintf(FILE * __restrict fp, const char * __restrict fmt0, va_list ap)
393 
394 {
395 	int ret;
396 
397 	FLOCKFILE(fp);
398 	ret = __vfprintf(fp, fmt0, ap);
399 	FUNLOCKFILE(fp);
400 	return (ret);
401 }
402 
403 #ifndef NO_FLOATING_POINT
404 
405 #define	dtoa		__dtoa
406 #define	freedtoa	__freedtoa
407 
408 #include <float.h>
409 #include <math.h>
410 #include "floatio.h"
411 #include "gdtoa.h"
412 
413 #define	DEFPREC		6
414 
415 static int exponent(char *, int, int);
416 
417 #endif /* !NO_FLOATING_POINT */
418 
419 /*
420  * The size of the buffer we use as scratch space for integer
421  * conversions, among other things.  Technically, we would need the
422  * most space for base 10 conversions with thousands' grouping
423  * characters between each pair of digits.  100 bytes is a
424  * conservative overestimate even for a 128-bit uintmax_t.
425  */
426 #define	BUF	100
427 
428 #define STATIC_ARG_TBL_SIZE 8           /* Size of static argument table. */
429 
430 /*
431  * Flags used during conversion.
432  */
433 #define	ALT		0x001		/* alternate form */
434 #define	LADJUST		0x004		/* left adjustment */
435 #define	LONGDBL		0x008		/* long double */
436 #define	LONGINT		0x010		/* long integer */
437 #define	LLONGINT	0x020		/* long long integer */
438 #define	SHORTINT	0x040		/* short integer */
439 #define	ZEROPAD		0x080		/* zero (as opposed to blank) pad */
440 #define	FPT		0x100		/* Floating point number */
441 #define	GROUPING	0x200		/* use grouping ("'" flag) */
442 					/* C99 additional size modifiers: */
443 #define	SIZET		0x400		/* size_t */
444 #define	PTRDIFFT	0x800		/* ptrdiff_t */
445 #define	INTMAXT		0x1000		/* intmax_t */
446 #define	CHARINT		0x2000		/* print char using int format */
447 
448 /*
449  * Non-MT-safe version
450  */
451 int
452 __vfprintf(FILE *fp, const char *fmt0, va_list ap)
453 {
454 	char *fmt;		/* format string */
455 	int ch;			/* character from fmt */
456 	int n, n2;		/* handy integer (short term usage) */
457 	char *cp;		/* handy char pointer (short term usage) */
458 	struct __siov *iovp;	/* for PRINT macro */
459 	int flags;		/* flags as above */
460 	int ret;		/* return value accumulator */
461 	int width;		/* width from format (%8d), or 0 */
462 	int prec;		/* precision from format; <0 for N/A */
463 	char sign;		/* sign prefix (' ', '+', '-', or \0) */
464 	char thousands_sep;	/* locale specific thousands separator */
465 	const char *grouping;	/* locale specific numeric grouping rules */
466 
467 	if (__use_xprintf == 0 && getenv("USE_XPRINTF"))
468 		__use_xprintf = 1;
469 	if (__use_xprintf > 0)
470 		return (__xvprintf(fp, fmt0, ap));
471 
472 #ifndef NO_FLOATING_POINT
473 	/*
474 	 * We can decompose the printed representation of floating
475 	 * point numbers into several parts, some of which may be empty:
476 	 *
477 	 * [+|-| ] [0x|0X] MMM . NNN [e|E|p|P] [+|-] ZZ
478 	 *    A       B     ---C---      D       E   F
479 	 *
480 	 * A:	'sign' holds this value if present; '\0' otherwise
481 	 * B:	ox[1] holds the 'x' or 'X'; '\0' if not hexadecimal
482 	 * C:	cp points to the string MMMNNN.  Leading and trailing
483 	 *	zeros are not in the string and must be added.
484 	 * D:	expchar holds this character; '\0' if no exponent, e.g. %f
485 	 * F:	at least two digits for decimal, at least one digit for hex
486 	 */
487 	char *decimal_point;	/* locale specific decimal point */
488 	int signflag;		/* true if float is negative */
489 	union {			/* floating point arguments %[aAeEfFgG] */
490 		double dbl;
491 		long double ldbl;
492 	} fparg;
493 	int expt;		/* integer value of exponent */
494 	char expchar;		/* exponent character: [eEpP\0] */
495 	char *dtoaend;		/* pointer to end of converted digits */
496 	int expsize;		/* character count for expstr */
497 	int lead;		/* sig figs before decimal or group sep */
498 	int ndig;		/* actual number of digits returned by dtoa */
499 	char expstr[MAXEXPDIG+2];	/* buffer for exponent string: e+ZZZ */
500 	char *dtoaresult;	/* buffer allocated by dtoa */
501 	int nseps;		/* number of group separators with ' */
502 	int nrepeats;		/* number of repeats of the last group */
503 #endif
504 	u_long	ulval;		/* integer arguments %[diouxX] */
505 	uintmax_t ujval;	/* %j, %ll, %q, %t, %z integers */
506 	int base;		/* base for [diouxX] conversion */
507 	int dprec;		/* a copy of prec if [diouxX], 0 otherwise */
508 	int realsz;		/* field size expanded by dprec, sign, etc */
509 	int size;		/* size of converted field or string */
510 	int prsize;             /* max size of printed field */
511 	const char *xdigs;     	/* digits for %[xX] conversion */
512 #define NIOV 8
513 	struct __suio uio;	/* output information: summary */
514 	struct __siov iov[NIOV];/* ... and individual io vectors */
515 	char buf[BUF];		/* buffer with space for digits of uintmax_t */
516 	char ox[2];		/* space for 0x; ox[1] is either x, X, or \0 */
517 	union arg *argtable;    /* args, built due to positional arg */
518 	union arg statargtable [STATIC_ARG_TBL_SIZE];
519 	int nextarg;            /* 1-based argument index */
520 	va_list orgap;          /* original argument pointer */
521 	char *convbuf;		/* wide to multibyte conversion result */
522 
523 	/*
524 	 * Choose PADSIZE to trade efficiency vs. size.  If larger printf
525 	 * fields occur frequently, increase PADSIZE and make the initialisers
526 	 * below longer.
527 	 */
528 #define	PADSIZE	16		/* pad chunk size */
529 	static char blanks[PADSIZE] =
530 	 {' ',' ',' ',' ',' ',' ',' ',' ',' ',' ',' ',' ',' ',' ',' ',' '};
531 	static char zeroes[PADSIZE] =
532 	 {'0','0','0','0','0','0','0','0','0','0','0','0','0','0','0','0'};
533 
534 	static const char xdigs_lower[16] = "0123456789abcdef";
535 	static const char xdigs_upper[16] = "0123456789ABCDEF";
536 
537 	/*
538 	 * BEWARE, these `goto error' on error, and PAD uses `n'.
539 	 */
540 #define	PRINT(ptr, len) { \
541 	iovp->iov_base = (ptr); \
542 	iovp->iov_len = (len); \
543 	uio.uio_resid += (len); \
544 	iovp++; \
545 	if (++uio.uio_iovcnt >= NIOV) { \
546 		if (__sprint(fp, &uio)) \
547 			goto error; \
548 		iovp = iov; \
549 	} \
550 }
551 #define	PAD(howmany, with) { \
552 	if ((n = (howmany)) > 0) { \
553 		while (n > PADSIZE) { \
554 			PRINT(with, PADSIZE); \
555 			n -= PADSIZE; \
556 		} \
557 		PRINT(with, n); \
558 	} \
559 }
560 #define	PRINTANDPAD(p, ep, len, with) do {	\
561 	n2 = (ep) - (p);       			\
562 	if (n2 > (len))				\
563 		n2 = (len);			\
564 	if (n2 > 0)				\
565 		PRINT((p), n2);			\
566 	PAD((len) - (n2 > 0 ? n2 : 0), (with));	\
567 } while(0)
568 #define	FLUSH() { \
569 	if (uio.uio_resid && __sprint(fp, &uio)) \
570 		goto error; \
571 	uio.uio_iovcnt = 0; \
572 	iovp = iov; \
573 }
574 
575 	/*
576 	 * Get the argument indexed by nextarg.   If the argument table is
577 	 * built, use it to get the argument.  If its not, get the next
578 	 * argument (and arguments must be gotten sequentially).
579 	 */
580 #define GETARG(type) \
581 	((argtable != NULL) ? *((type*)(&argtable[nextarg++])) : \
582 	    (nextarg++, va_arg(ap, type)))
583 
584 	/*
585 	 * To extend shorts properly, we need both signed and unsigned
586 	 * argument extraction methods.
587 	 */
588 #define	SARG() \
589 	(flags&LONGINT ? GETARG(long) : \
590 	    flags&SHORTINT ? (long)(short)GETARG(int) : \
591 	    flags&CHARINT ? (long)(signed char)GETARG(int) : \
592 	    (long)GETARG(int))
593 #define	UARG() \
594 	(flags&LONGINT ? GETARG(u_long) : \
595 	    flags&SHORTINT ? (u_long)(u_short)GETARG(int) : \
596 	    flags&CHARINT ? (u_long)(u_char)GETARG(int) : \
597 	    (u_long)GETARG(u_int))
598 #define	INTMAX_SIZE	(INTMAXT|SIZET|PTRDIFFT|LLONGINT)
599 #define SJARG() \
600 	(flags&INTMAXT ? GETARG(intmax_t) : \
601 	    flags&SIZET ? (intmax_t)GETARG(size_t) : \
602 	    flags&PTRDIFFT ? (intmax_t)GETARG(ptrdiff_t) : \
603 	    (intmax_t)GETARG(long long))
604 #define	UJARG() \
605 	(flags&INTMAXT ? GETARG(uintmax_t) : \
606 	    flags&SIZET ? (uintmax_t)GETARG(size_t) : \
607 	    flags&PTRDIFFT ? (uintmax_t)GETARG(ptrdiff_t) : \
608 	    (uintmax_t)GETARG(unsigned long long))
609 
610 	/*
611 	 * Get * arguments, including the form *nn$.  Preserve the nextarg
612 	 * that the argument can be gotten once the type is determined.
613 	 */
614 #define GETASTER(val) \
615 	n2 = 0; \
616 	cp = fmt; \
617 	while (is_digit(*cp)) { \
618 		n2 = 10 * n2 + to_digit(*cp); \
619 		cp++; \
620 	} \
621 	if (*cp == '$') { \
622 		int hold = nextarg; \
623 		if (argtable == NULL) { \
624 			argtable = statargtable; \
625 			__find_arguments (fmt0, orgap, &argtable); \
626 		} \
627 		nextarg = n2; \
628 		val = GETARG (int); \
629 		nextarg = hold; \
630 		fmt = ++cp; \
631 	} else { \
632 		val = GETARG (int); \
633 	}
634 
635 
636 	thousands_sep = '\0';
637 	grouping = NULL;
638 	convbuf = NULL;
639 #ifndef NO_FLOATING_POINT
640 	dtoaresult = NULL;
641 	decimal_point = localeconv()->decimal_point;
642 #endif
643 	/* sorry, fprintf(read_only_file, "") returns EOF, not 0 */
644 	if (prepwrite(fp) != 0)
645 		return (EOF);
646 
647 	/* optimise fprintf(stderr) (and other unbuffered Unix files) */
648 	if ((fp->_flags & (__SNBF|__SWR|__SRW)) == (__SNBF|__SWR) &&
649 	    fp->_file >= 0)
650 		return (__sbprintf(fp, fmt0, ap));
651 
652 	fmt = (char *)fmt0;
653 	argtable = NULL;
654 	nextarg = 1;
655 	va_copy(orgap, ap);
656 	uio.uio_iov = iovp = iov;
657 	uio.uio_resid = 0;
658 	uio.uio_iovcnt = 0;
659 	ret = 0;
660 
661 	/*
662 	 * Scan the format for conversions (`%' character).
663 	 */
664 	for (;;) {
665 		for (cp = fmt; (ch = *fmt) != '\0' && ch != '%'; fmt++)
666 			/* void */;
667 		if ((n = fmt - cp) != 0) {
668 			if ((unsigned)ret + n > INT_MAX) {
669 				ret = EOF;
670 				goto error;
671 			}
672 			PRINT(cp, n);
673 			ret += n;
674 		}
675 		if (ch == '\0')
676 			goto done;
677 		fmt++;		/* skip over '%' */
678 
679 		flags = 0;
680 		dprec = 0;
681 		width = 0;
682 		prec = -1;
683 		sign = '\0';
684 		ox[1] = '\0';
685 
686 rflag:		ch = *fmt++;
687 reswitch:	switch (ch) {
688 		case ' ':
689 			/*-
690 			 * ``If the space and + flags both appear, the space
691 			 * flag will be ignored.''
692 			 *	-- ANSI X3J11
693 			 */
694 			if (!sign)
695 				sign = ' ';
696 			goto rflag;
697 		case '#':
698 			flags |= ALT;
699 			goto rflag;
700 		case '*':
701 			/*-
702 			 * ``A negative field width argument is taken as a
703 			 * - flag followed by a positive field width.''
704 			 *	-- ANSI X3J11
705 			 * They don't exclude field widths read from args.
706 			 */
707 			GETASTER (width);
708 			if (width >= 0)
709 				goto rflag;
710 			width = -width;
711 			/* FALLTHROUGH */
712 		case '-':
713 			flags |= LADJUST;
714 			goto rflag;
715 		case '+':
716 			sign = '+';
717 			goto rflag;
718 		case '\'':
719 			flags |= GROUPING;
720 			thousands_sep = *(localeconv()->thousands_sep);
721 			grouping = localeconv()->grouping;
722 			goto rflag;
723 		case '.':
724 			if ((ch = *fmt++) == '*') {
725 				GETASTER (prec);
726 				goto rflag;
727 			}
728 			prec = 0;
729 			while (is_digit(ch)) {
730 				prec = 10 * prec + to_digit(ch);
731 				ch = *fmt++;
732 			}
733 			goto reswitch;
734 		case '0':
735 			/*-
736 			 * ``Note that 0 is taken as a flag, not as the
737 			 * beginning of a field width.''
738 			 *	-- ANSI X3J11
739 			 */
740 			flags |= ZEROPAD;
741 			goto rflag;
742 		case '1': case '2': case '3': case '4':
743 		case '5': case '6': case '7': case '8': case '9':
744 			n = 0;
745 			do {
746 				n = 10 * n + to_digit(ch);
747 				ch = *fmt++;
748 			} while (is_digit(ch));
749 			if (ch == '$') {
750 				nextarg = n;
751 				if (argtable == NULL) {
752 					argtable = statargtable;
753 					__find_arguments (fmt0, orgap,
754 					    &argtable);
755 				}
756 				goto rflag;
757 			}
758 			width = n;
759 			goto reswitch;
760 #ifndef NO_FLOATING_POINT
761 		case 'L':
762 			flags |= LONGDBL;
763 			goto rflag;
764 #endif
765 		case 'h':
766 			if (flags & SHORTINT) {
767 				flags &= ~SHORTINT;
768 				flags |= CHARINT;
769 			} else
770 				flags |= SHORTINT;
771 			goto rflag;
772 		case 'j':
773 			flags |= INTMAXT;
774 			goto rflag;
775 		case 'l':
776 			if (flags & LONGINT) {
777 				flags &= ~LONGINT;
778 				flags |= LLONGINT;
779 			} else
780 				flags |= LONGINT;
781 			goto rflag;
782 		case 'q':
783 			flags |= LLONGINT;	/* not necessarily */
784 			goto rflag;
785 		case 't':
786 			flags |= PTRDIFFT;
787 			goto rflag;
788 		case 'z':
789 			flags |= SIZET;
790 			goto rflag;
791 		case 'C':
792 			flags |= LONGINT;
793 			/*FALLTHROUGH*/
794 		case 'c':
795 			if (flags & LONGINT) {
796 				static const mbstate_t initial;
797 				mbstate_t mbs;
798 				size_t mbseqlen;
799 
800 				mbs = initial;
801 				mbseqlen = wcrtomb(cp = buf,
802 				    (wchar_t)GETARG(wint_t), &mbs);
803 				if (mbseqlen == (size_t)-1) {
804 					fp->_flags |= __SERR;
805 					goto error;
806 				}
807 				size = (int)mbseqlen;
808 			} else {
809 				*(cp = buf) = GETARG(int);
810 				size = 1;
811 			}
812 			sign = '\0';
813 			break;
814 		case 'D':
815 			flags |= LONGINT;
816 			/*FALLTHROUGH*/
817 		case 'd':
818 		case 'i':
819 			if (flags & INTMAX_SIZE) {
820 				ujval = SJARG();
821 				if ((intmax_t)ujval < 0) {
822 					ujval = -ujval;
823 					sign = '-';
824 				}
825 			} else {
826 				ulval = SARG();
827 				if ((long)ulval < 0) {
828 					ulval = -ulval;
829 					sign = '-';
830 				}
831 			}
832 			base = 10;
833 			goto number;
834 #ifndef NO_FLOATING_POINT
835 		case 'a':
836 		case 'A':
837 			if (ch == 'a') {
838 				ox[1] = 'x';
839 				xdigs = xdigs_lower;
840 				expchar = 'p';
841 			} else {
842 				ox[1] = 'X';
843 				xdigs = xdigs_upper;
844 				expchar = 'P';
845 			}
846 			if (prec >= 0)
847 				prec++;
848 			if (dtoaresult != NULL)
849 				freedtoa(dtoaresult);
850 			if (flags & LONGDBL) {
851 				fparg.ldbl = GETARG(long double);
852 				dtoaresult = cp =
853 				    __hldtoa(fparg.ldbl, xdigs, prec,
854 				    &expt, &signflag, &dtoaend);
855 			} else {
856 				fparg.dbl = GETARG(double);
857 				dtoaresult = cp =
858 				    __hdtoa(fparg.dbl, xdigs, prec,
859 				    &expt, &signflag, &dtoaend);
860 			}
861 			if (prec < 0)
862 				prec = dtoaend - cp;
863 			if (expt == INT_MAX)
864 				ox[1] = '\0';
865 			goto fp_common;
866 		case 'e':
867 		case 'E':
868 			expchar = ch;
869 			if (prec < 0)	/* account for digit before decpt */
870 				prec = DEFPREC + 1;
871 			else
872 				prec++;
873 			goto fp_begin;
874 		case 'f':
875 		case 'F':
876 			expchar = '\0';
877 			goto fp_begin;
878 		case 'g':
879 		case 'G':
880 			expchar = ch - ('g' - 'e');
881 			if (prec == 0)
882 				prec = 1;
883 fp_begin:
884 			if (prec < 0)
885 				prec = DEFPREC;
886 			if (dtoaresult != NULL)
887 				freedtoa(dtoaresult);
888 			if (flags & LONGDBL) {
889 				fparg.ldbl = GETARG(long double);
890 				dtoaresult = cp =
891 				    __ldtoa(&fparg.ldbl, expchar ? 2 : 3, prec,
892 				    &expt, &signflag, &dtoaend);
893 			} else {
894 				fparg.dbl = GETARG(double);
895 				dtoaresult = cp =
896 				    dtoa(fparg.dbl, expchar ? 2 : 3, prec,
897 				    &expt, &signflag, &dtoaend);
898 				if (expt == 9999)
899 					expt = INT_MAX;
900 			}
901 fp_common:
902 			if (signflag)
903 				sign = '-';
904 			if (expt == INT_MAX) {	/* inf or nan */
905 				if (*cp == 'N') {
906 					cp = (ch >= 'a') ? "nan" : "NAN";
907 					sign = '\0';
908 				} else
909 					cp = (ch >= 'a') ? "inf" : "INF";
910 				size = 3;
911 				break;
912 			}
913 			flags |= FPT;
914 			ndig = dtoaend - cp;
915 			if (ch == 'g' || ch == 'G') {
916 				if (expt > -4 && expt <= prec) {
917 					/* Make %[gG] smell like %[fF] */
918 					expchar = '\0';
919 					if (flags & ALT)
920 						prec -= expt;
921 					else
922 						prec = ndig - expt;
923 					if (prec < 0)
924 						prec = 0;
925 				} else {
926 					/*
927 					 * Make %[gG] smell like %[eE], but
928 					 * trim trailing zeroes if no # flag.
929 					 */
930 					if (!(flags & ALT))
931 						prec = ndig;
932 				}
933 			}
934 			if (expchar) {
935 				expsize = exponent(expstr, expt - 1, expchar);
936 				size = expsize + prec;
937 				if (prec > 1 || flags & ALT)
938 					++size;
939 			} else {
940 				/* space for digits before decimal point */
941 				if (expt > 0)
942 					size = expt;
943 				else	/* "0" */
944 					size = 1;
945 				/* space for decimal pt and following digits */
946 				if (prec || flags & ALT)
947 					size += prec + 1;
948 				if (grouping && expt > 0) {
949 					/* space for thousands' grouping */
950 					nseps = nrepeats = 0;
951 					lead = expt;
952 					while (*grouping != CHAR_MAX) {
953 						if (lead <= *grouping)
954 							break;
955 						lead -= *grouping;
956 						if (*(grouping+1)) {
957 							nseps++;
958 							grouping++;
959 						} else
960 							nrepeats++;
961 					}
962 					size += nseps + nrepeats;
963 				} else
964 					lead = expt;
965 			}
966 			break;
967 #endif /* !NO_FLOATING_POINT */
968 		case 'n':
969 			/*
970 			 * Assignment-like behavior is specified if the
971 			 * value overflows or is otherwise unrepresentable.
972 			 * C99 says to use `signed char' for %hhn conversions.
973 			 */
974 			if (flags & LLONGINT)
975 				*GETARG(long long *) = ret;
976 			else if (flags & SIZET)
977 				*GETARG(ssize_t *) = (ssize_t)ret;
978 			else if (flags & PTRDIFFT)
979 				*GETARG(ptrdiff_t *) = ret;
980 			else if (flags & INTMAXT)
981 				*GETARG(intmax_t *) = ret;
982 			else if (flags & LONGINT)
983 				*GETARG(long *) = ret;
984 			else if (flags & SHORTINT)
985 				*GETARG(short *) = ret;
986 			else if (flags & CHARINT)
987 				*GETARG(signed char *) = ret;
988 			else
989 				*GETARG(int *) = ret;
990 			continue;	/* no output */
991 		case 'O':
992 			flags |= LONGINT;
993 			/*FALLTHROUGH*/
994 		case 'o':
995 			if (flags & INTMAX_SIZE)
996 				ujval = UJARG();
997 			else
998 				ulval = UARG();
999 			base = 8;
1000 			goto nosign;
1001 		case 'p':
1002 			/*-
1003 			 * ``The argument shall be a pointer to void.  The
1004 			 * value of the pointer is converted to a sequence
1005 			 * of printable characters, in an implementation-
1006 			 * defined manner.''
1007 			 *	-- ANSI X3J11
1008 			 */
1009 			ujval = (uintmax_t)(uintptr_t)GETARG(void *);
1010 			base = 16;
1011 			xdigs = xdigs_lower;
1012 			flags = flags | INTMAXT;
1013 			ox[1] = 'x';
1014 			goto nosign;
1015 		case 'S':
1016 			flags |= LONGINT;
1017 			/*FALLTHROUGH*/
1018 		case 's':
1019 			if (flags & LONGINT) {
1020 				wchar_t *wcp;
1021 
1022 				if (convbuf != NULL)
1023 					free(convbuf);
1024 				if ((wcp = GETARG(wchar_t *)) == NULL)
1025 					cp = "(null)";
1026 				else {
1027 					convbuf = __wcsconv(wcp, prec);
1028 					if (convbuf == NULL) {
1029 						fp->_flags |= __SERR;
1030 						goto error;
1031 					}
1032 					cp = convbuf;
1033 				}
1034 			} else if ((cp = GETARG(char *)) == NULL)
1035 				cp = "(null)";
1036 			if (prec >= 0) {
1037 				/*
1038 				 * can't use strlen; can only look for the
1039 				 * NUL in the first `prec' characters, and
1040 				 * strlen() will go further.
1041 				 */
1042 				char *p = memchr(cp, 0, (size_t)prec);
1043 
1044 				if (p != NULL) {
1045 					size = p - cp;
1046 					if (size > prec)
1047 						size = prec;
1048 				} else
1049 					size = prec;
1050 			} else
1051 				size = strlen(cp);
1052 			sign = '\0';
1053 			break;
1054 		case 'U':
1055 			flags |= LONGINT;
1056 			/*FALLTHROUGH*/
1057 		case 'u':
1058 			if (flags & INTMAX_SIZE)
1059 				ujval = UJARG();
1060 			else
1061 				ulval = UARG();
1062 			base = 10;
1063 			goto nosign;
1064 		case 'X':
1065 			xdigs = xdigs_upper;
1066 			goto hex;
1067 		case 'x':
1068 			xdigs = xdigs_lower;
1069 hex:
1070 			if (flags & INTMAX_SIZE)
1071 				ujval = UJARG();
1072 			else
1073 				ulval = UARG();
1074 			base = 16;
1075 			/* leading 0x/X only if non-zero */
1076 			if (flags & ALT &&
1077 			    (flags & INTMAX_SIZE ? ujval != 0 : ulval != 0))
1078 				ox[1] = ch;
1079 
1080 			flags &= ~GROUPING;
1081 			/* unsigned conversions */
1082 nosign:			sign = '\0';
1083 			/*-
1084 			 * ``... diouXx conversions ... if a precision is
1085 			 * specified, the 0 flag will be ignored.''
1086 			 *	-- ANSI X3J11
1087 			 */
1088 number:			if ((dprec = prec) >= 0)
1089 				flags &= ~ZEROPAD;
1090 
1091 			/*-
1092 			 * ``The result of converting a zero value with an
1093 			 * explicit precision of zero is no characters.''
1094 			 *	-- ANSI X3J11
1095 			 *
1096 			 * ``The C Standard is clear enough as is.  The call
1097 			 * printf("%#.0o", 0) should print 0.''
1098 			 *	-- Defect Report #151
1099 			 */
1100 			cp = buf + BUF;
1101 			if (flags & INTMAX_SIZE) {
1102 				if (ujval != 0 || prec != 0 ||
1103 				    (flags & ALT && base == 8))
1104 					cp = __ujtoa(ujval, cp, base,
1105 					    flags & ALT, xdigs,
1106 					    flags & GROUPING, thousands_sep,
1107 					    grouping);
1108 			} else {
1109 				if (ulval != 0 || prec != 0 ||
1110 				    (flags & ALT && base == 8))
1111 					cp = __ultoa(ulval, cp, base,
1112 					    flags & ALT, xdigs,
1113 					    flags & GROUPING, thousands_sep,
1114 					    grouping);
1115 			}
1116 			size = buf + BUF - cp;
1117 			if (size > BUF)	/* should never happen */
1118 				abort();
1119 			break;
1120 		default:	/* "%?" prints ?, unless ? is NUL */
1121 			if (ch == '\0')
1122 				goto done;
1123 			/* pretend it was %c with argument ch */
1124 			cp = buf;
1125 			*cp = ch;
1126 			size = 1;
1127 			sign = '\0';
1128 			break;
1129 		}
1130 
1131 		/*
1132 		 * All reasonable formats wind up here.  At this point, `cp'
1133 		 * points to a string which (if not flags&LADJUST) should be
1134 		 * padded out to `width' places.  If flags&ZEROPAD, it should
1135 		 * first be prefixed by any sign or other prefix; otherwise,
1136 		 * it should be blank padded before the prefix is emitted.
1137 		 * After any left-hand padding and prefixing, emit zeroes
1138 		 * required by a decimal [diouxX] precision, then print the
1139 		 * string proper, then emit zeroes required by any leftover
1140 		 * floating precision; finally, if LADJUST, pad with blanks.
1141 		 *
1142 		 * Compute actual size, so we know how much to pad.
1143 		 * size excludes decimal prec; realsz includes it.
1144 		 */
1145 		realsz = dprec > size ? dprec : size;
1146 		if (sign)
1147 			realsz++;
1148 		if (ox[1])
1149 			realsz += 2;
1150 
1151 		prsize = width > realsz ? width : realsz;
1152 		if ((unsigned)ret + prsize > INT_MAX) {
1153 			ret = EOF;
1154 			goto error;
1155 		}
1156 
1157 		/* right-adjusting blank padding */
1158 		if ((flags & (LADJUST|ZEROPAD)) == 0)
1159 			PAD(width - realsz, blanks);
1160 
1161 		/* prefix */
1162 		if (sign)
1163 			PRINT(&sign, 1);
1164 
1165 		if (ox[1]) {	/* ox[1] is either x, X, or \0 */
1166 			ox[0] = '0';
1167 			PRINT(ox, 2);
1168 		}
1169 
1170 		/* right-adjusting zero padding */
1171 		if ((flags & (LADJUST|ZEROPAD)) == ZEROPAD)
1172 			PAD(width - realsz, zeroes);
1173 
1174 		/* leading zeroes from decimal precision */
1175 		PAD(dprec - size, zeroes);
1176 
1177 		/* the string or number proper */
1178 #ifndef NO_FLOATING_POINT
1179 		if ((flags & FPT) == 0) {
1180 			PRINT(cp, size);
1181 		} else {	/* glue together f_p fragments */
1182 			if (!expchar) {	/* %[fF] or sufficiently short %[gG] */
1183 				if (expt <= 0) {
1184 					PRINT(zeroes, 1);
1185 					if (prec || flags & ALT)
1186 						PRINT(decimal_point, 1);
1187 					PAD(-expt, zeroes);
1188 					/* already handled initial 0's */
1189 					prec += expt;
1190 				} else {
1191 					PRINTANDPAD(cp, dtoaend, lead, zeroes);
1192 					cp += lead;
1193 					if (grouping) {
1194 						while (nseps>0 || nrepeats>0) {
1195 							if (nrepeats > 0)
1196 								nrepeats--;
1197 							else {
1198 								grouping--;
1199 								nseps--;
1200 							}
1201 							PRINT(&thousands_sep,
1202 							    1);
1203 							PRINTANDPAD(cp,dtoaend,
1204 							    *grouping, zeroes);
1205 							cp += *grouping;
1206 						}
1207 						if (cp > dtoaend)
1208 							cp = dtoaend;
1209 					}
1210 					if (prec || flags & ALT)
1211 						PRINT(decimal_point,1);
1212 				}
1213 				PRINTANDPAD(cp, dtoaend, prec, zeroes);
1214 			} else {	/* %[eE] or sufficiently long %[gG] */
1215 				if (prec > 1 || flags & ALT) {
1216 					buf[0] = *cp++;
1217 					buf[1] = *decimal_point;
1218 					PRINT(buf, 2);
1219 					PRINT(cp, ndig-1);
1220 					PAD(prec - ndig, zeroes);
1221 				} else	/* XeYYY */
1222 					PRINT(cp, 1);
1223 				PRINT(expstr, expsize);
1224 			}
1225 		}
1226 #else
1227 		PRINT(cp, size);
1228 #endif
1229 		/* left-adjusting padding (always blank) */
1230 		if (flags & LADJUST)
1231 			PAD(width - realsz, blanks);
1232 
1233 		/* finally, adjust ret */
1234 		ret += prsize;
1235 
1236 		FLUSH();	/* copy out the I/O vectors */
1237 	}
1238 done:
1239 	FLUSH();
1240 error:
1241 	va_end(orgap);
1242 #ifndef NO_FLOATING_POINT
1243 	if (dtoaresult != NULL)
1244 		freedtoa(dtoaresult);
1245 #endif
1246 	if (convbuf != NULL)
1247 		free(convbuf);
1248 	if (__sferror(fp))
1249 		ret = EOF;
1250 	if ((argtable != NULL) && (argtable != statargtable))
1251 		free (argtable);
1252 	return (ret);
1253 	/* NOTREACHED */
1254 }
1255 
1256 /*
1257  * Find all arguments when a positional parameter is encountered.  Returns a
1258  * table, indexed by argument number, of pointers to each arguments.  The
1259  * initial argument table should be an array of STATIC_ARG_TBL_SIZE entries.
1260  * It will be replaces with a malloc-ed one if it overflows.
1261  */
1262 static void
1263 __find_arguments (const char *fmt0, va_list ap, union arg **argtable)
1264 {
1265 	char *fmt;		/* format string */
1266 	int ch;			/* character from fmt */
1267 	int n, n2;		/* handy integer (short term usage) */
1268 	char *cp;		/* handy char pointer (short term usage) */
1269 	int flags;		/* flags as above */
1270 	int width;		/* width from format (%8d), or 0 */
1271 	enum typeid *typetable; /* table of types */
1272 	enum typeid stattypetable [STATIC_ARG_TBL_SIZE];
1273 	int tablesize;		/* current size of type table */
1274 	int tablemax;		/* largest used index in table */
1275 	int nextarg;		/* 1-based argument index */
1276 
1277 	/*
1278 	 * Add an argument type to the table, expanding if necessary.
1279 	 */
1280 #define ADDTYPE(type) \
1281 	((nextarg >= tablesize) ? \
1282 		__grow_type_table(nextarg, &typetable, &tablesize) : (void)0, \
1283 	(nextarg > tablemax) ? tablemax = nextarg : 0, \
1284 	typetable[nextarg++] = type)
1285 
1286 #define	ADDSARG() \
1287 	((flags&INTMAXT) ? ADDTYPE(T_INTMAXT) : \
1288 		((flags&SIZET) ? ADDTYPE(T_SIZET) : \
1289 		((flags&PTRDIFFT) ? ADDTYPE(T_PTRDIFFT) : \
1290 		((flags&LLONGINT) ? ADDTYPE(T_LLONG) : \
1291 		((flags&LONGINT) ? ADDTYPE(T_LONG) : ADDTYPE(T_INT))))))
1292 
1293 #define	ADDUARG() \
1294 	((flags&INTMAXT) ? ADDTYPE(T_UINTMAXT) : \
1295 		((flags&SIZET) ? ADDTYPE(T_SIZET) : \
1296 		((flags&PTRDIFFT) ? ADDTYPE(T_PTRDIFFT) : \
1297 		((flags&LLONGINT) ? ADDTYPE(T_U_LLONG) : \
1298 		((flags&LONGINT) ? ADDTYPE(T_U_LONG) : ADDTYPE(T_U_INT))))))
1299 
1300 	/*
1301 	 * Add * arguments to the type array.
1302 	 */
1303 #define ADDASTER() \
1304 	n2 = 0; \
1305 	cp = fmt; \
1306 	while (is_digit(*cp)) { \
1307 		n2 = 10 * n2 + to_digit(*cp); \
1308 		cp++; \
1309 	} \
1310 	if (*cp == '$') { \
1311 		int hold = nextarg; \
1312 		nextarg = n2; \
1313 		ADDTYPE (T_INT); \
1314 		nextarg = hold; \
1315 		fmt = ++cp; \
1316 	} else { \
1317 		ADDTYPE (T_INT); \
1318 	}
1319 	fmt = (char *)fmt0;
1320 	typetable = stattypetable;
1321 	tablesize = STATIC_ARG_TBL_SIZE;
1322 	tablemax = 0;
1323 	nextarg = 1;
1324 	for (n = 0; n < STATIC_ARG_TBL_SIZE; n++)
1325 		typetable[n] = T_UNUSED;
1326 
1327 	/*
1328 	 * Scan the format for conversions (`%' character).
1329 	 */
1330 	for (;;) {
1331 		for (cp = fmt; (ch = *fmt) != '\0' && ch != '%'; fmt++)
1332 			/* void */;
1333 		if (ch == '\0')
1334 			goto done;
1335 		fmt++;		/* skip over '%' */
1336 
1337 		flags = 0;
1338 		width = 0;
1339 
1340 rflag:		ch = *fmt++;
1341 reswitch:	switch (ch) {
1342 		case ' ':
1343 		case '#':
1344 			goto rflag;
1345 		case '*':
1346 			ADDASTER ();
1347 			goto rflag;
1348 		case '-':
1349 		case '+':
1350 		case '\'':
1351 			goto rflag;
1352 		case '.':
1353 			if ((ch = *fmt++) == '*') {
1354 				ADDASTER ();
1355 				goto rflag;
1356 			}
1357 			while (is_digit(ch)) {
1358 				ch = *fmt++;
1359 			}
1360 			goto reswitch;
1361 		case '0':
1362 			goto rflag;
1363 		case '1': case '2': case '3': case '4':
1364 		case '5': case '6': case '7': case '8': case '9':
1365 			n = 0;
1366 			do {
1367 				n = 10 * n + to_digit(ch);
1368 				ch = *fmt++;
1369 			} while (is_digit(ch));
1370 			if (ch == '$') {
1371 				nextarg = n;
1372 				goto rflag;
1373 			}
1374 			width = n;
1375 			goto reswitch;
1376 #ifndef NO_FLOATING_POINT
1377 		case 'L':
1378 			flags |= LONGDBL;
1379 			goto rflag;
1380 #endif
1381 		case 'h':
1382 			if (flags & SHORTINT) {
1383 				flags &= ~SHORTINT;
1384 				flags |= CHARINT;
1385 			} else
1386 				flags |= SHORTINT;
1387 			goto rflag;
1388 		case 'j':
1389 			flags |= INTMAXT;
1390 			goto rflag;
1391 		case 'l':
1392 			if (flags & LONGINT) {
1393 				flags &= ~LONGINT;
1394 				flags |= LLONGINT;
1395 			} else
1396 				flags |= LONGINT;
1397 			goto rflag;
1398 		case 'q':
1399 			flags |= LLONGINT;	/* not necessarily */
1400 			goto rflag;
1401 		case 't':
1402 			flags |= PTRDIFFT;
1403 			goto rflag;
1404 		case 'z':
1405 			flags |= SIZET;
1406 			goto rflag;
1407 		case 'C':
1408 			flags |= LONGINT;
1409 			/*FALLTHROUGH*/
1410 		case 'c':
1411 			if (flags & LONGINT)
1412 				ADDTYPE(T_WINT);
1413 			else
1414 				ADDTYPE(T_INT);
1415 			break;
1416 		case 'D':
1417 			flags |= LONGINT;
1418 			/*FALLTHROUGH*/
1419 		case 'd':
1420 		case 'i':
1421 			ADDSARG();
1422 			break;
1423 #ifndef NO_FLOATING_POINT
1424 		case 'a':
1425 		case 'A':
1426 		case 'e':
1427 		case 'E':
1428 		case 'f':
1429 		case 'g':
1430 		case 'G':
1431 			if (flags & LONGDBL)
1432 				ADDTYPE(T_LONG_DOUBLE);
1433 			else
1434 				ADDTYPE(T_DOUBLE);
1435 			break;
1436 #endif /* !NO_FLOATING_POINT */
1437 		case 'n':
1438 			if (flags & INTMAXT)
1439 				ADDTYPE(TP_INTMAXT);
1440 			else if (flags & PTRDIFFT)
1441 				ADDTYPE(TP_PTRDIFFT);
1442 			else if (flags & SIZET)
1443 				ADDTYPE(TP_SIZET);
1444 			else if (flags & LLONGINT)
1445 				ADDTYPE(TP_LLONG);
1446 			else if (flags & LONGINT)
1447 				ADDTYPE(TP_LONG);
1448 			else if (flags & SHORTINT)
1449 				ADDTYPE(TP_SHORT);
1450 			else if (flags & CHARINT)
1451 				ADDTYPE(TP_SCHAR);
1452 			else
1453 				ADDTYPE(TP_INT);
1454 			continue;	/* no output */
1455 		case 'O':
1456 			flags |= LONGINT;
1457 			/*FALLTHROUGH*/
1458 		case 'o':
1459 			ADDUARG();
1460 			break;
1461 		case 'p':
1462 			ADDTYPE(TP_VOID);
1463 			break;
1464 		case 'S':
1465 			flags |= LONGINT;
1466 			/*FALLTHROUGH*/
1467 		case 's':
1468 			if (flags & LONGINT)
1469 				ADDTYPE(TP_WCHAR);
1470 			else
1471 				ADDTYPE(TP_CHAR);
1472 			break;
1473 		case 'U':
1474 			flags |= LONGINT;
1475 			/*FALLTHROUGH*/
1476 		case 'u':
1477 		case 'X':
1478 		case 'x':
1479 			ADDUARG();
1480 			break;
1481 		default:	/* "%?" prints ?, unless ? is NUL */
1482 			if (ch == '\0')
1483 				goto done;
1484 			break;
1485 		}
1486 	}
1487 done:
1488 	/*
1489 	 * Build the argument table.
1490 	 */
1491 	if (tablemax >= STATIC_ARG_TBL_SIZE) {
1492 		*argtable = (union arg *)
1493 		    malloc (sizeof (union arg) * (tablemax + 1));
1494 	}
1495 
1496 	(*argtable) [0].intarg = 0;
1497 	for (n = 1; n <= tablemax; n++) {
1498 		switch (typetable [n]) {
1499 		    case T_UNUSED: /* whoops! */
1500 			(*argtable) [n].intarg = va_arg (ap, int);
1501 			break;
1502 		    case TP_SCHAR:
1503 			(*argtable) [n].pschararg = va_arg (ap, signed char *);
1504 			break;
1505 		    case TP_SHORT:
1506 			(*argtable) [n].pshortarg = va_arg (ap, short *);
1507 			break;
1508 		    case T_INT:
1509 			(*argtable) [n].intarg = va_arg (ap, int);
1510 			break;
1511 		    case T_U_INT:
1512 			(*argtable) [n].uintarg = va_arg (ap, unsigned int);
1513 			break;
1514 		    case TP_INT:
1515 			(*argtable) [n].pintarg = va_arg (ap, int *);
1516 			break;
1517 		    case T_LONG:
1518 			(*argtable) [n].longarg = va_arg (ap, long);
1519 			break;
1520 		    case T_U_LONG:
1521 			(*argtable) [n].ulongarg = va_arg (ap, unsigned long);
1522 			break;
1523 		    case TP_LONG:
1524 			(*argtable) [n].plongarg = va_arg (ap, long *);
1525 			break;
1526 		    case T_LLONG:
1527 			(*argtable) [n].longlongarg = va_arg (ap, long long);
1528 			break;
1529 		    case T_U_LLONG:
1530 			(*argtable) [n].ulonglongarg = va_arg (ap, unsigned long long);
1531 			break;
1532 		    case TP_LLONG:
1533 			(*argtable) [n].plonglongarg = va_arg (ap, long long *);
1534 			break;
1535 		    case T_PTRDIFFT:
1536 			(*argtable) [n].ptrdiffarg = va_arg (ap, ptrdiff_t);
1537 			break;
1538 		    case TP_PTRDIFFT:
1539 			(*argtable) [n].pptrdiffarg = va_arg (ap, ptrdiff_t *);
1540 			break;
1541 		    case T_SIZET:
1542 			(*argtable) [n].sizearg = va_arg (ap, size_t);
1543 			break;
1544 		    case TP_SIZET:
1545 			(*argtable) [n].psizearg = va_arg (ap, size_t *);
1546 			break;
1547 		    case T_INTMAXT:
1548 			(*argtable) [n].intmaxarg = va_arg (ap, intmax_t);
1549 			break;
1550 		    case T_UINTMAXT:
1551 			(*argtable) [n].uintmaxarg = va_arg (ap, uintmax_t);
1552 			break;
1553 		    case TP_INTMAXT:
1554 			(*argtable) [n].pintmaxarg = va_arg (ap, intmax_t *);
1555 			break;
1556 		    case T_DOUBLE:
1557 #ifndef NO_FLOATING_POINT
1558 			(*argtable) [n].doublearg = va_arg (ap, double);
1559 #endif
1560 			break;
1561 		    case T_LONG_DOUBLE:
1562 #ifndef NO_FLOATING_POINT
1563 			(*argtable) [n].longdoublearg = va_arg (ap, long double);
1564 #endif
1565 			break;
1566 		    case TP_CHAR:
1567 			(*argtable) [n].pchararg = va_arg (ap, char *);
1568 			break;
1569 		    case TP_VOID:
1570 			(*argtable) [n].pvoidarg = va_arg (ap, void *);
1571 			break;
1572 		    case T_WINT:
1573 			(*argtable) [n].wintarg = va_arg (ap, wint_t);
1574 			break;
1575 		    case TP_WCHAR:
1576 			(*argtable) [n].pwchararg = va_arg (ap, wchar_t *);
1577 			break;
1578 		}
1579 	}
1580 
1581 	if ((typetable != NULL) && (typetable != stattypetable))
1582 		free (typetable);
1583 }
1584 
1585 /*
1586  * Increase the size of the type table.
1587  */
1588 static void
1589 __grow_type_table (int nextarg, enum typeid **typetable, int *tablesize)
1590 {
1591 	enum typeid *const oldtable = *typetable;
1592 	const int oldsize = *tablesize;
1593 	enum typeid *newtable;
1594 	int n, newsize = oldsize * 2;
1595 
1596 	if (newsize < nextarg + 1)
1597 		newsize = nextarg + 1;
1598 	if (oldsize == STATIC_ARG_TBL_SIZE) {
1599 		if ((newtable = malloc(newsize * sizeof(enum typeid))) == NULL)
1600 			abort();			/* XXX handle better */
1601 		bcopy(oldtable, newtable, oldsize * sizeof(enum typeid));
1602 	} else {
1603 		newtable = reallocf(oldtable, newsize * sizeof(enum typeid));
1604 		if (newtable == NULL)
1605 			abort();			/* XXX handle better */
1606 	}
1607 	for (n = oldsize; n < newsize; n++)
1608 		newtable[n] = T_UNUSED;
1609 
1610 	*typetable = newtable;
1611 	*tablesize = newsize;
1612 }
1613 
1614 
1615 #ifndef NO_FLOATING_POINT
1616 
1617 static int
1618 exponent(char *p0, int exp, int fmtch)
1619 {
1620 	char *p, *t;
1621 	char expbuf[MAXEXPDIG];
1622 
1623 	p = p0;
1624 	*p++ = fmtch;
1625 	if (exp < 0) {
1626 		exp = -exp;
1627 		*p++ = '-';
1628 	}
1629 	else
1630 		*p++ = '+';
1631 	t = expbuf + MAXEXPDIG;
1632 	if (exp > 9) {
1633 		do {
1634 			*--t = to_char(exp % 10);
1635 		} while ((exp /= 10) > 9);
1636 		*--t = to_char(exp);
1637 		for (; t < expbuf + MAXEXPDIG; *p++ = *t++);
1638 	}
1639 	else {
1640 		/*
1641 		 * Exponents for decimal floating point conversions
1642 		 * (%[eEgG]) must be at least two characters long,
1643 		 * whereas exponents for hexadecimal conversions can
1644 		 * be only one character long.
1645 		 */
1646 		if (fmtch == 'e' || fmtch == 'E')
1647 			*p++ = '0';
1648 		*p++ = to_char(exp);
1649 	}
1650 	return (p - p0);
1651 }
1652 #endif /* !NO_FLOATING_POINT */
1653