xref: /freebsd/lib/libc/stdio/vfprintf.c (revision 1ca63a8219b88b752b064d19bd3428c61dbcf1f9)
1 /*-
2  * SPDX-License-Identifier: BSD-3-Clause
3  *
4  * Copyright (c) 1990, 1993
5  *	The Regents of the University of California.  All rights reserved.
6  *
7  * This code is derived from software contributed to Berkeley by
8  * Chris Torek.
9  *
10  * Copyright (c) 2011 The FreeBSD Foundation
11  *
12  * Portions of this software were developed by David Chisnall
13  * under sponsorship from the FreeBSD Foundation.
14  *
15  * Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
16  * modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions
17  * are met:
18  * 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
19  *    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
20  * 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright
21  *    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the
22  *    documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
23  * 3. Neither the name of the University nor the names of its contributors
24  *    may be used to endorse or promote products derived from this software
25  *    without specific prior written permission.
26  *
27  * THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE REGENTS AND CONTRIBUTORS ``AS IS'' AND
28  * ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE
29  * IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE
30  * ARE DISCLAIMED.  IN NO EVENT SHALL THE REGENTS OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE
31  * FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL
32  * DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS
33  * OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION)
34  * HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT
35  * LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY
36  * OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF
37  * SUCH DAMAGE.
38  */
39 
40 #if defined(LIBC_SCCS) && !defined(lint)
41 static char sccsid[] = "@(#)vfprintf.c	8.1 (Berkeley) 6/4/93";
42 #endif /* LIBC_SCCS and not lint */
43 /*
44  * Actual printf innards.
45  *
46  * This code is large and complicated...
47  */
48 
49 #include "namespace.h"
50 #include <sys/types.h>
51 
52 #include <ctype.h>
53 #include <errno.h>
54 #include <limits.h>
55 #include <locale.h>
56 #include <stddef.h>
57 #include <stdint.h>
58 #include <stdio.h>
59 #include <stdlib.h>
60 #include <string.h>
61 #include <wchar.h>
62 #include <printf.h>
63 
64 #include <stdarg.h>
65 #include "xlocale_private.h"
66 #include "un-namespace.h"
67 
68 #include "libc_private.h"
69 #include "local.h"
70 #include "fvwrite.h"
71 #include "printflocal.h"
72 
73 static int	__sprint(FILE *, struct __suio *, locale_t);
74 static int	__sbprintf(FILE *, locale_t, const char *, va_list) __printflike(3, 0)
75 	__noinline;
76 static char	*__wcsconv(wchar_t *, int);
77 
78 #define	CHAR	char
79 #include "printfcommon.h"
80 
81 struct grouping_state {
82 	char *thousands_sep;	/* locale-specific thousands separator */
83 	int thousep_len;	/* length of thousands_sep */
84 	const char *grouping;	/* locale-specific numeric grouping rules */
85 	int lead;		/* sig figs before decimal or group sep */
86 	int nseps;		/* number of group separators with ' */
87 	int nrepeats;		/* number of repeats of the last group */
88 };
89 
90 /*
91  * Initialize the thousands' grouping state in preparation to print a
92  * number with ndigits digits. This routine returns the total number
93  * of bytes that will be needed.
94  */
95 static int
96 grouping_init(struct grouping_state *gs, int ndigits, locale_t loc)
97 {
98 	struct lconv *locale;
99 
100 	locale = localeconv_l(loc);
101 	gs->grouping = locale->grouping;
102 	gs->thousands_sep = locale->thousands_sep;
103 	gs->thousep_len = strlen(gs->thousands_sep);
104 
105 	gs->nseps = gs->nrepeats = 0;
106 	gs->lead = ndigits;
107 	while (*gs->grouping != CHAR_MAX) {
108 		if (gs->lead <= *gs->grouping)
109 			break;
110 		gs->lead -= *gs->grouping;
111 		if (*(gs->grouping+1)) {
112 			gs->nseps++;
113 			gs->grouping++;
114 		} else
115 			gs->nrepeats++;
116 	}
117 	return ((gs->nseps + gs->nrepeats) * gs->thousep_len);
118 }
119 
120 /*
121  * Print a number with thousands' separators.
122  */
123 static int
124 grouping_print(struct grouping_state *gs, struct io_state *iop,
125 	       const CHAR *cp, const CHAR *ep, locale_t locale)
126 {
127 	const CHAR *cp0 = cp;
128 
129 	if (io_printandpad(iop, cp, ep, gs->lead, zeroes, locale))
130 		return (-1);
131 	cp += gs->lead;
132 	while (gs->nseps > 0 || gs->nrepeats > 0) {
133 		if (gs->nrepeats > 0)
134 			gs->nrepeats--;
135 		else {
136 			gs->grouping--;
137 			gs->nseps--;
138 		}
139 		if (io_print(iop, gs->thousands_sep, gs->thousep_len, locale))
140 			return (-1);
141 		if (io_printandpad(iop, cp, ep, *gs->grouping, zeroes, locale))
142 			return (-1);
143 		cp += *gs->grouping;
144 	}
145 	if (cp > ep)
146 		cp = ep;
147 	return (cp - cp0);
148 }
149 
150 /*
151  * Flush out all the vectors defined by the given uio,
152  * then reset it so that it can be reused.
153  */
154 static int
155 __sprint(FILE *fp, struct __suio *uio, locale_t locale)
156 {
157 	int err;
158 
159 	if (uio->uio_resid == 0) {
160 		uio->uio_iovcnt = 0;
161 		return (0);
162 	}
163 	err = __sfvwrite(fp, uio);
164 	uio->uio_resid = 0;
165 	uio->uio_iovcnt = 0;
166 	return (err);
167 }
168 
169 /*
170  * Helper function for `fprintf to unbuffered unix file': creates a
171  * temporary buffer.  We only work on write-only files; this avoids
172  * worries about ungetc buffers and so forth.
173  */
174 static int
175 __sbprintf(FILE *fp, locale_t locale, const char *fmt, va_list ap)
176 {
177 	int ret;
178 	FILE fake = FAKE_FILE;
179 	unsigned char buf[BUFSIZ];
180 
181 	/* XXX This is probably not needed. */
182 	if (prepwrite(fp) != 0)
183 		return (EOF);
184 
185 	/* copy the important variables */
186 	fake._flags = fp->_flags & ~__SNBF;
187 	fake._file = fp->_file;
188 	fake._cookie = fp->_cookie;
189 	fake._write = fp->_write;
190 	fake._orientation = fp->_orientation;
191 	fake._mbstate = fp->_mbstate;
192 
193 	/* set up the buffer */
194 	fake._bf._base = fake._p = buf;
195 	fake._bf._size = fake._w = sizeof(buf);
196 	fake._lbfsize = 0;	/* not actually used, but Just In Case */
197 
198 	/* do the work, then copy any error status */
199 	ret = __vfprintf(&fake, locale, fmt, ap);
200 	if (ret >= 0 && __fflush(&fake))
201 		ret = EOF;
202 	if (fake._flags & __SERR)
203 		fp->_flags |= __SERR;
204 	return (ret);
205 }
206 
207 /*
208  * Convert a wide character string argument for the %ls format to a multibyte
209  * string representation. If not -1, prec specifies the maximum number of
210  * bytes to output, and also means that we can't assume that the wide char.
211  * string ends is null-terminated.
212  */
213 static char *
214 __wcsconv(wchar_t *wcsarg, int prec)
215 {
216 	static const mbstate_t initial;
217 	mbstate_t mbs;
218 	char buf[MB_LEN_MAX];
219 	wchar_t *p;
220 	char *convbuf;
221 	size_t clen, nbytes;
222 
223 	/* Allocate space for the maximum number of bytes we could output. */
224 	if (prec < 0) {
225 		p = wcsarg;
226 		mbs = initial;
227 		nbytes = wcsrtombs(NULL, (const wchar_t **)&p, 0, &mbs);
228 		if (nbytes == (size_t)-1)
229 			return (NULL);
230 	} else {
231 		/*
232 		 * Optimisation: if the output precision is small enough,
233 		 * just allocate enough memory for the maximum instead of
234 		 * scanning the string.
235 		 */
236 		if (prec < 128)
237 			nbytes = prec;
238 		else {
239 			nbytes = 0;
240 			p = wcsarg;
241 			mbs = initial;
242 			for (;;) {
243 				clen = wcrtomb(buf, *p++, &mbs);
244 				if (clen == 0 || clen == (size_t)-1 ||
245 				    nbytes + clen > prec)
246 					break;
247 				nbytes += clen;
248 			}
249 		}
250 	}
251 	if ((convbuf = malloc(nbytes + 1)) == NULL)
252 		return (NULL);
253 
254 	/* Fill the output buffer. */
255 	p = wcsarg;
256 	mbs = initial;
257 	if ((nbytes = wcsrtombs(convbuf, (const wchar_t **)&p,
258 	    nbytes, &mbs)) == (size_t)-1) {
259 		free(convbuf);
260 		return (NULL);
261 	}
262 	convbuf[nbytes] = '\0';
263 	return (convbuf);
264 }
265 
266 /*
267  * MT-safe version
268  */
269 int
270 vfprintf_l(FILE * __restrict fp, locale_t locale, const char * __restrict fmt0,
271 		va_list ap)
272 {
273 	int ret;
274 	FIX_LOCALE(locale);
275 
276 	FLOCKFILE_CANCELSAFE(fp);
277 	/* optimise fprintf(stderr) (and other unbuffered Unix files) */
278 	if ((fp->_flags & (__SNBF|__SWR|__SRW)) == (__SNBF|__SWR) &&
279 	    fp->_file >= 0)
280 		ret = __sbprintf(fp, locale, fmt0, ap);
281 	else
282 		ret = __vfprintf(fp, locale, fmt0, ap);
283 	FUNLOCKFILE_CANCELSAFE();
284 	return (ret);
285 }
286 int
287 vfprintf(FILE * __restrict fp, const char * __restrict fmt0, va_list ap)
288 {
289 	return vfprintf_l(fp, __get_locale(), fmt0, ap);
290 }
291 
292 /*
293  * The size of the buffer we use as scratch space for integer
294  * conversions, among other things.  We need enough space to
295  * write a uintmax_t in octal (plus one byte).
296  */
297 #if UINTMAX_MAX <= UINT64_MAX
298 #define	BUF	32
299 #else
300 #error "BUF must be large enough to format a uintmax_t"
301 #endif
302 
303 /*
304  * Non-MT-safe version
305  */
306 int
307 __vfprintf(FILE *fp, locale_t locale, const char *fmt0, va_list ap)
308 {
309 	char *fmt;		/* format string */
310 	int ch;			/* character from fmt */
311 	int n, n2;		/* handy integer (short term usage) */
312 	char *cp;		/* handy char pointer (short term usage) */
313 	int flags;		/* flags as above */
314 	int ret;		/* return value accumulator */
315 	int width;		/* width from format (%8d), or 0 */
316 	int prec;		/* precision from format; <0 for N/A */
317 	int saved_errno;
318 	char sign;		/* sign prefix (' ', '+', '-', or \0) */
319 	struct grouping_state gs; /* thousands' grouping info */
320 
321 #ifndef NO_FLOATING_POINT
322 	/*
323 	 * We can decompose the printed representation of floating
324 	 * point numbers into several parts, some of which may be empty:
325 	 *
326 	 * [+|-| ] [0x|0X] MMM . NNN [e|E|p|P] [+|-] ZZ
327 	 *    A       B     ---C---      D       E   F
328 	 *
329 	 * A:	'sign' holds this value if present; '\0' otherwise
330 	 * B:	ox[1] holds the 'x' or 'X'; '\0' if not hexadecimal
331 	 * C:	cp points to the string MMMNNN.  Leading and trailing
332 	 *	zeros are not in the string and must be added.
333 	 * D:	expchar holds this character; '\0' if no exponent, e.g. %f
334 	 * F:	at least two digits for decimal, at least one digit for hex
335 	 */
336 	char *decimal_point;	/* locale specific decimal point */
337 	int decpt_len;		/* length of decimal_point */
338 	int signflag;		/* true if float is negative */
339 	union {			/* floating point arguments %[aAeEfFgG] */
340 		double dbl;
341 		long double ldbl;
342 	} fparg;
343 	int expt;		/* integer value of exponent */
344 	char expchar;		/* exponent character: [eEpP\0] */
345 	char *dtoaend;		/* pointer to end of converted digits */
346 	int expsize;		/* character count for expstr */
347 	int ndig;		/* actual number of digits returned by dtoa */
348 	char expstr[MAXEXPDIG+2];	/* buffer for exponent string: e+ZZZ */
349 	char *dtoaresult;	/* buffer allocated by dtoa */
350 #endif
351 	u_long	ulval;		/* integer arguments %[diouxX] */
352 	uintmax_t ujval;	/* %j, %ll, %q, %t, %z integers */
353 	int base;		/* base for [diouxX] conversion */
354 	int dprec;		/* a copy of prec if [diouxX], 0 otherwise */
355 	int realsz;		/* field size expanded by dprec, sign, etc */
356 	int size;		/* size of converted field or string */
357 	int prsize;             /* max size of printed field */
358 	const char *xdigs;     	/* digits for %[xX] conversion */
359 	struct io_state io;	/* I/O buffering state */
360 	char buf[BUF];		/* buffer with space for digits of uintmax_t */
361 	char ox[2];		/* space for 0x; ox[1] is either x, X, or \0 */
362 	union arg *argtable;    /* args, built due to positional arg */
363 	union arg statargtable [STATIC_ARG_TBL_SIZE];
364 	int nextarg;            /* 1-based argument index */
365 	va_list orgap;          /* original argument pointer */
366 	char *convbuf;		/* wide to multibyte conversion result */
367 	int savserr;
368 
369 	static const char xdigs_lower[16] = "0123456789abcdef";
370 	static const char xdigs_upper[16] = "0123456789ABCDEF";
371 
372 	/* BEWARE, these `goto error' on error. */
373 #define	PRINT(ptr, len) { \
374 	if (io_print(&io, (ptr), (len), locale))	\
375 		goto error; \
376 }
377 #define	PAD(howmany, with) { \
378 	if (io_pad(&io, (howmany), (with), locale)) \
379 		goto error; \
380 }
381 #define	PRINTANDPAD(p, ep, len, with) {	\
382 	if (io_printandpad(&io, (p), (ep), (len), (with), locale)) \
383 		goto error; \
384 }
385 #define	FLUSH() { \
386 	if (io_flush(&io, locale)) \
387 		goto error; \
388 }
389 
390 	/*
391 	 * Get the argument indexed by nextarg.   If the argument table is
392 	 * built, use it to get the argument.  If its not, get the next
393 	 * argument (and arguments must be gotten sequentially).
394 	 */
395 #define GETARG(type) \
396 	((argtable != NULL) ? *((type*)(&argtable[nextarg++])) : \
397 	    (nextarg++, va_arg(ap, type)))
398 
399 	/*
400 	 * To extend shorts properly, we need both signed and unsigned
401 	 * argument extraction methods.
402 	 */
403 #define	SARG() \
404 	(flags&LONGINT ? GETARG(long) : \
405 	    flags&SHORTINT ? (long)(short)GETARG(int) : \
406 	    flags&CHARINT ? (long)(signed char)GETARG(int) : \
407 	    (long)GETARG(int))
408 #define	UARG() \
409 	(flags&LONGINT ? GETARG(u_long) : \
410 	    flags&SHORTINT ? (u_long)(u_short)GETARG(int) : \
411 	    flags&CHARINT ? (u_long)(u_char)GETARG(int) : \
412 	    (u_long)GETARG(u_int))
413 #define	INTMAX_SIZE	(INTMAXT|SIZET|PTRDIFFT|LLONGINT)
414 #define SJARG() \
415 	(flags&INTMAXT ? GETARG(intmax_t) : \
416 	    flags&SIZET ? (intmax_t)GETARG(ssize_t) : \
417 	    flags&PTRDIFFT ? (intmax_t)GETARG(ptrdiff_t) : \
418 	    (intmax_t)GETARG(long long))
419 #define	UJARG() \
420 	(flags&INTMAXT ? GETARG(uintmax_t) : \
421 	    flags&SIZET ? (uintmax_t)GETARG(size_t) : \
422 	    flags&PTRDIFFT ? (uintmax_t)GETARG(ptrdiff_t) : \
423 	    (uintmax_t)GETARG(unsigned long long))
424 
425 	/*
426 	 * Get * arguments, including the form *nn$.  Preserve the nextarg
427 	 * that the argument can be gotten once the type is determined.
428 	 */
429 #define GETASTER(val) \
430 	n2 = 0; \
431 	cp = fmt; \
432 	while (is_digit(*cp)) { \
433 		n2 = 10 * n2 + to_digit(*cp); \
434 		cp++; \
435 	} \
436 	if (*cp == '$') { \
437 		int hold = nextarg; \
438 		if (argtable == NULL) { \
439 			argtable = statargtable; \
440 			if (__find_arguments (fmt0, orgap, &argtable)) { \
441 				ret = EOF; \
442 				goto error; \
443 			} \
444 		} \
445 		nextarg = n2; \
446 		val = GETARG (int); \
447 		nextarg = hold; \
448 		fmt = ++cp; \
449 	} else { \
450 		val = GETARG (int); \
451 	}
452 
453 	if (__use_xprintf == 0 && getenv("USE_XPRINTF"))
454 		__use_xprintf = 1;
455 	if (__use_xprintf > 0)
456 		return (__xvprintf(fp, fmt0, ap));
457 
458 	/* sorry, fprintf(read_only_file, "") returns EOF, not 0 */
459 	if (prepwrite(fp) != 0) {
460 		errno = EBADF;
461 		return (EOF);
462 	}
463 
464 	savserr = fp->_flags & __SERR;
465 	fp->_flags &= ~__SERR;
466 
467 	saved_errno = errno;
468 	convbuf = NULL;
469 	fmt = (char *)fmt0;
470 	argtable = NULL;
471 	nextarg = 1;
472 	va_copy(orgap, ap);
473 	io_init(&io, fp);
474 	ret = 0;
475 #ifndef NO_FLOATING_POINT
476 	dtoaresult = NULL;
477 	decimal_point = localeconv_l(locale)->decimal_point;
478 	/* The overwhelmingly common case is decpt_len == 1. */
479 	decpt_len = (decimal_point[1] == '\0' ? 1 : strlen(decimal_point));
480 #endif
481 
482 	/*
483 	 * Scan the format for conversions (`%' character).
484 	 */
485 	for (;;) {
486 		for (cp = fmt; (ch = *fmt) != '\0' && ch != '%'; fmt++)
487 			/* void */;
488 		if ((n = fmt - cp) != 0) {
489 			if ((unsigned)ret + n > INT_MAX) {
490 				ret = EOF;
491 				errno = EOVERFLOW;
492 				goto error;
493 			}
494 			PRINT(cp, n);
495 			ret += n;
496 		}
497 		if (ch == '\0')
498 			goto done;
499 		fmt++;		/* skip over '%' */
500 
501 		flags = 0;
502 		dprec = 0;
503 		width = 0;
504 		prec = -1;
505 		gs.grouping = NULL;
506 		sign = '\0';
507 		ox[1] = '\0';
508 
509 rflag:		ch = *fmt++;
510 reswitch:	switch (ch) {
511 		case ' ':
512 			/*-
513 			 * ``If the space and + flags both appear, the space
514 			 * flag will be ignored.''
515 			 *	-- ANSI X3J11
516 			 */
517 			if (!sign)
518 				sign = ' ';
519 			goto rflag;
520 		case '#':
521 			flags |= ALT;
522 			goto rflag;
523 		case '*':
524 			/*-
525 			 * ``A negative field width argument is taken as a
526 			 * - flag followed by a positive field width.''
527 			 *	-- ANSI X3J11
528 			 * They don't exclude field widths read from args.
529 			 */
530 			GETASTER (width);
531 			if (width >= 0)
532 				goto rflag;
533 			width = -width;
534 			/* FALLTHROUGH */
535 		case '-':
536 			flags |= LADJUST;
537 			goto rflag;
538 		case '+':
539 			sign = '+';
540 			goto rflag;
541 		case '\'':
542 			flags |= GROUPING;
543 			goto rflag;
544 		case '.':
545 			if ((ch = *fmt++) == '*') {
546 				GETASTER (prec);
547 				goto rflag;
548 			}
549 			prec = 0;
550 			while (is_digit(ch)) {
551 				prec = 10 * prec + to_digit(ch);
552 				ch = *fmt++;
553 			}
554 			goto reswitch;
555 		case '0':
556 			/*-
557 			 * ``Note that 0 is taken as a flag, not as the
558 			 * beginning of a field width.''
559 			 *	-- ANSI X3J11
560 			 */
561 			flags |= ZEROPAD;
562 			goto rflag;
563 		case '1': case '2': case '3': case '4':
564 		case '5': case '6': case '7': case '8': case '9':
565 			n = 0;
566 			do {
567 				n = 10 * n + to_digit(ch);
568 				ch = *fmt++;
569 			} while (is_digit(ch));
570 			if (ch == '$') {
571 				nextarg = n;
572 				if (argtable == NULL) {
573 					argtable = statargtable;
574 					if (__find_arguments (fmt0, orgap,
575 							      &argtable)) {
576 						ret = EOF;
577 						goto error;
578 					}
579 				}
580 				goto rflag;
581 			}
582 			width = n;
583 			goto reswitch;
584 #ifndef NO_FLOATING_POINT
585 		case 'L':
586 			flags |= LONGDBL;
587 			goto rflag;
588 #endif
589 		case 'h':
590 			if (flags & SHORTINT) {
591 				flags &= ~SHORTINT;
592 				flags |= CHARINT;
593 			} else
594 				flags |= SHORTINT;
595 			goto rflag;
596 		case 'j':
597 			flags |= INTMAXT;
598 			goto rflag;
599 		case 'l':
600 			if (flags & LONGINT) {
601 				flags &= ~LONGINT;
602 				flags |= LLONGINT;
603 			} else
604 				flags |= LONGINT;
605 			goto rflag;
606 		case 'q':
607 			flags |= LLONGINT;	/* not necessarily */
608 			goto rflag;
609 		case 't':
610 			flags |= PTRDIFFT;
611 			goto rflag;
612 		case 'w':
613 			/*
614 			 * Fixed-width integer types.  On all platforms we
615 			 * support, int8_t is equivalent to char, int16_t
616 			 * is equivalent to short, int32_t is equivalent
617 			 * to int, int64_t is equivalent to long long int.
618 			 * Furthermore, int_fast8_t, int_fast16_t and
619 			 * int_fast32_t are equivalent to int, and
620 			 * int_fast64_t is equivalent to long long int.
621 			 */
622 			flags &= ~(CHARINT|SHORTINT|LONGINT|LLONGINT|INTMAXT);
623 			if (fmt[0] == 'f') {
624 				flags |= FASTINT;
625 				fmt++;
626 			} else {
627 				flags &= ~FASTINT;
628 			}
629 			if (fmt[0] == '8') {
630 				if (!(flags & FASTINT))
631 					flags |= CHARINT;
632 				else
633 					/* no flag set = 32 */ ;
634 				fmt += 1;
635 			} else if (fmt[0] == '1' && fmt[1] == '6') {
636 				if (!(flags & FASTINT))
637 					flags |= SHORTINT;
638 				else
639 					/* no flag set = 32 */ ;
640 				fmt += 2;
641 			} else if (fmt[0] == '3' && fmt[1] == '2') {
642 				/* no flag set = 32 */ ;
643 				fmt += 2;
644 			} else if (fmt[0] == '6' && fmt[1] == '4') {
645 				flags |= LLONGINT;
646 				fmt += 2;
647 			} else {
648 				if (flags & FASTINT) {
649 					flags &= ~FASTINT;
650 					fmt--;
651 				}
652 				goto invalid;
653 			}
654 			goto rflag;
655 		case 'z':
656 			flags |= SIZET;
657 			goto rflag;
658 		case 'B':
659 		case 'b':
660 			if (flags & INTMAX_SIZE)
661 				ujval = UJARG();
662 			else
663 				ulval = UARG();
664 			base = 2;
665 			/* leading 0b/B only if non-zero */
666 			if (flags & ALT &&
667 			    (flags & INTMAX_SIZE ? ujval != 0 : ulval != 0))
668 				ox[1] = ch;
669 			goto nosign;
670 			break;
671 		case 'C':
672 			flags |= LONGINT;
673 			/*FALLTHROUGH*/
674 		case 'c':
675 			if (flags & LONGINT) {
676 				static const mbstate_t initial;
677 				mbstate_t mbs;
678 				size_t mbseqlen;
679 
680 				mbs = initial;
681 				mbseqlen = wcrtomb(cp = buf,
682 				    (wchar_t)GETARG(wint_t), &mbs);
683 				if (mbseqlen == (size_t)-1) {
684 					fp->_flags |= __SERR;
685 					goto error;
686 				}
687 				size = (int)mbseqlen;
688 			} else {
689 				*(cp = buf) = GETARG(int);
690 				size = 1;
691 			}
692 			sign = '\0';
693 			break;
694 		case 'D':
695 			flags |= LONGINT;
696 			/*FALLTHROUGH*/
697 		case 'd':
698 		case 'i':
699 			if (flags & INTMAX_SIZE) {
700 				ujval = SJARG();
701 				if ((intmax_t)ujval < 0) {
702 					ujval = -ujval;
703 					sign = '-';
704 				}
705 			} else {
706 				ulval = SARG();
707 				if ((long)ulval < 0) {
708 					ulval = -ulval;
709 					sign = '-';
710 				}
711 			}
712 			base = 10;
713 			goto number;
714 #ifndef NO_FLOATING_POINT
715 		case 'a':
716 		case 'A':
717 			if (ch == 'a') {
718 				ox[1] = 'x';
719 				xdigs = xdigs_lower;
720 				expchar = 'p';
721 			} else {
722 				ox[1] = 'X';
723 				xdigs = xdigs_upper;
724 				expchar = 'P';
725 			}
726 			if (prec >= 0)
727 				prec++;
728 			if (dtoaresult != NULL)
729 				freedtoa(dtoaresult);
730 			if (flags & LONGDBL) {
731 				fparg.ldbl = GETARG(long double);
732 				dtoaresult = cp =
733 				    __hldtoa(fparg.ldbl, xdigs, prec,
734 				    &expt, &signflag, &dtoaend);
735 			} else {
736 				fparg.dbl = GETARG(double);
737 				dtoaresult = cp =
738 				    __hdtoa(fparg.dbl, xdigs, prec,
739 				    &expt, &signflag, &dtoaend);
740 			}
741 			if (prec < 0)
742 				prec = dtoaend - cp;
743 			if (expt == INT_MAX)
744 				ox[1] = '\0';
745 			goto fp_common;
746 		case 'e':
747 		case 'E':
748 			expchar = ch;
749 			if (prec < 0)	/* account for digit before decpt */
750 				prec = DEFPREC + 1;
751 			else
752 				prec++;
753 			goto fp_begin;
754 		case 'f':
755 		case 'F':
756 			expchar = '\0';
757 			goto fp_begin;
758 		case 'g':
759 		case 'G':
760 			expchar = ch - ('g' - 'e');
761 			if (prec == 0)
762 				prec = 1;
763 fp_begin:
764 			if (prec < 0)
765 				prec = DEFPREC;
766 			if (dtoaresult != NULL)
767 				freedtoa(dtoaresult);
768 			if (flags & LONGDBL) {
769 				fparg.ldbl = GETARG(long double);
770 				dtoaresult = cp =
771 				    __ldtoa(&fparg.ldbl, expchar ? 2 : 3, prec,
772 				    &expt, &signflag, &dtoaend);
773 			} else {
774 				fparg.dbl = GETARG(double);
775 				dtoaresult = cp =
776 				    dtoa(fparg.dbl, expchar ? 2 : 3, prec,
777 				    &expt, &signflag, &dtoaend);
778 				if (expt == 9999)
779 					expt = INT_MAX;
780 			}
781 fp_common:
782 			if (signflag)
783 				sign = '-';
784 			if (expt == INT_MAX) {	/* inf or nan */
785 				if (*cp == 'N') {
786 					cp = (ch >= 'a') ? "nan" : "NAN";
787 					sign = '\0';
788 				} else
789 					cp = (ch >= 'a') ? "inf" : "INF";
790 				size = 3;
791 				flags &= ~ZEROPAD;
792 				break;
793 			}
794 			flags |= FPT;
795 			ndig = dtoaend - cp;
796 			if (ch == 'g' || ch == 'G') {
797 				if (expt > -4 && expt <= prec) {
798 					/* Make %[gG] smell like %[fF] */
799 					expchar = '\0';
800 					if (flags & ALT)
801 						prec -= expt;
802 					else
803 						prec = ndig - expt;
804 					if (prec < 0)
805 						prec = 0;
806 				} else {
807 					/*
808 					 * Make %[gG] smell like %[eE], but
809 					 * trim trailing zeroes if no # flag.
810 					 */
811 					if (!(flags & ALT))
812 						prec = ndig;
813 				}
814 			}
815 			if (expchar) {
816 				expsize = exponent(expstr, expt - 1, expchar);
817 				size = expsize + prec;
818 				if (prec > 1 || flags & ALT)
819 					size += decpt_len;
820 			} else {
821 				/* space for digits before decimal point */
822 				if (expt > 0)
823 					size = expt;
824 				else	/* "0" */
825 					size = 1;
826 				/* space for decimal pt and following digits */
827 				if (prec || flags & ALT)
828 					size += prec + decpt_len;
829 				if ((flags & GROUPING) && expt > 0)
830 					size += grouping_init(&gs, expt, locale);
831 			}
832 			break;
833 #endif /* !NO_FLOATING_POINT */
834 		case 'm':
835 			cp = strerror(saved_errno);
836 			size = (prec >= 0) ? strnlen(cp, prec) : strlen(cp);
837 			sign = '\0';
838 			break;
839 		case 'n':
840 			/*
841 			 * Assignment-like behavior is specified if the
842 			 * value overflows or is otherwise unrepresentable.
843 			 * C99 says to use `signed char' for %hhn conversions.
844 			 */
845 			if (flags & LLONGINT)
846 				*GETARG(long long *) = ret;
847 			else if (flags & SIZET)
848 				*GETARG(ssize_t *) = (ssize_t)ret;
849 			else if (flags & PTRDIFFT)
850 				*GETARG(ptrdiff_t *) = ret;
851 			else if (flags & INTMAXT)
852 				*GETARG(intmax_t *) = ret;
853 			else if (flags & LONGINT)
854 				*GETARG(long *) = ret;
855 			else if (flags & SHORTINT)
856 				*GETARG(short *) = ret;
857 			else if (flags & CHARINT)
858 				*GETARG(signed char *) = ret;
859 			else
860 				*GETARG(int *) = ret;
861 			continue;	/* no output */
862 		case 'O':
863 			flags |= LONGINT;
864 			/*FALLTHROUGH*/
865 		case 'o':
866 			if (flags & INTMAX_SIZE)
867 				ujval = UJARG();
868 			else
869 				ulval = UARG();
870 			base = 8;
871 			goto nosign;
872 		case 'p':
873 			/*-
874 			 * ``The argument shall be a pointer to void.  The
875 			 * value of the pointer is converted to a sequence
876 			 * of printable characters, in an implementation-
877 			 * defined manner.''
878 			 *	-- ANSI X3J11
879 			 */
880 			ujval = (uintmax_t)(uintptr_t)GETARG(void *);
881 			base = 16;
882 			xdigs = xdigs_lower;
883 			flags = flags | INTMAXT;
884 			ox[1] = 'x';
885 			goto nosign;
886 		case 'S':
887 			flags |= LONGINT;
888 			/*FALLTHROUGH*/
889 		case 's':
890 			if (flags & LONGINT) {
891 				wchar_t *wcp;
892 
893 				if (convbuf != NULL)
894 					free(convbuf);
895 				if ((wcp = GETARG(wchar_t *)) == NULL)
896 					cp = "(null)";
897 				else {
898 					convbuf = __wcsconv(wcp, prec);
899 					if (convbuf == NULL) {
900 						fp->_flags |= __SERR;
901 						goto error;
902 					}
903 					cp = convbuf;
904 				}
905 			} else if ((cp = GETARG(char *)) == NULL)
906 				cp = "(null)";
907 			size = (prec >= 0) ? strnlen(cp, prec) : strlen(cp);
908 			sign = '\0';
909 			break;
910 		case 'U':
911 			flags |= LONGINT;
912 			/*FALLTHROUGH*/
913 		case 'u':
914 			if (flags & INTMAX_SIZE)
915 				ujval = UJARG();
916 			else
917 				ulval = UARG();
918 			base = 10;
919 			goto nosign;
920 		case 'X':
921 			xdigs = xdigs_upper;
922 			goto hex;
923 		case 'x':
924 			xdigs = xdigs_lower;
925 hex:
926 			if (flags & INTMAX_SIZE)
927 				ujval = UJARG();
928 			else
929 				ulval = UARG();
930 			base = 16;
931 			/* leading 0x/X only if non-zero */
932 			if (flags & ALT &&
933 			    (flags & INTMAX_SIZE ? ujval != 0 : ulval != 0))
934 				ox[1] = ch;
935 
936 			flags &= ~GROUPING;
937 			/* unsigned conversions */
938 nosign:			sign = '\0';
939 			/*-
940 			 * ``... diouXx conversions ... if a precision is
941 			 * specified, the 0 flag will be ignored.''
942 			 *	-- ANSI X3J11
943 			 */
944 number:			if ((dprec = prec) >= 0)
945 				flags &= ~ZEROPAD;
946 
947 			/*-
948 			 * ``The result of converting a zero value with an
949 			 * explicit precision of zero is no characters.''
950 			 *	-- ANSI X3J11
951 			 *
952 			 * ``The C Standard is clear enough as is.  The call
953 			 * printf("%#.0o", 0) should print 0.''
954 			 *	-- Defect Report #151
955 			 */
956 			cp = buf + BUF;
957 			if (flags & INTMAX_SIZE) {
958 				if (ujval != 0 || prec != 0 ||
959 				    (flags & ALT && base == 8))
960 					cp = __ujtoa(ujval, cp, base,
961 					    flags & ALT, xdigs);
962 			} else {
963 				if (ulval != 0 || prec != 0 ||
964 				    (flags & ALT && base == 8))
965 					cp = __ultoa(ulval, cp, base,
966 					    flags & ALT, xdigs);
967 			}
968 			size = buf + BUF - cp;
969 			if (size > BUF)	/* should never happen */
970 				abort();
971 			if ((flags & GROUPING) && size != 0)
972 				size += grouping_init(&gs, size, locale);
973 			break;
974 		default:	/* "%?" prints ?, unless ? is NUL */
975 			if (ch == '\0')
976 				goto done;
977 invalid:
978 			/* pretend it was %c with argument ch */
979 			cp = buf;
980 			*cp = ch;
981 			size = 1;
982 			sign = '\0';
983 			break;
984 		}
985 
986 		/*
987 		 * All reasonable formats wind up here.  At this point, `cp'
988 		 * points to a string which (if not flags&LADJUST) should be
989 		 * padded out to `width' places.  If flags&ZEROPAD, it should
990 		 * first be prefixed by any sign or other prefix; otherwise,
991 		 * it should be blank padded before the prefix is emitted.
992 		 * After any left-hand padding and prefixing, emit zeroes
993 		 * required by a decimal [diouxX] precision, then print the
994 		 * string proper, then emit zeroes required by any leftover
995 		 * floating precision; finally, if LADJUST, pad with blanks.
996 		 *
997 		 * Compute actual size, so we know how much to pad.
998 		 * size excludes decimal prec; realsz includes it.
999 		 */
1000 		realsz = dprec > size ? dprec : size;
1001 		if (sign)
1002 			realsz++;
1003 		if (ox[1])
1004 			realsz += 2;
1005 
1006 		prsize = width > realsz ? width : realsz;
1007 		if ((unsigned)ret + prsize > INT_MAX) {
1008 			ret = EOF;
1009 			errno = EOVERFLOW;
1010 			goto error;
1011 		}
1012 
1013 		/* right-adjusting blank padding */
1014 		if ((flags & (LADJUST|ZEROPAD)) == 0)
1015 			PAD(width - realsz, blanks);
1016 
1017 		/* prefix */
1018 		if (sign)
1019 			PRINT(&sign, 1);
1020 
1021 		if (ox[1]) {	/* ox[1] is either x, X, or \0 */
1022 			ox[0] = '0';
1023 			PRINT(ox, 2);
1024 		}
1025 
1026 		/* right-adjusting zero padding */
1027 		if ((flags & (LADJUST|ZEROPAD)) == ZEROPAD)
1028 			PAD(width - realsz, zeroes);
1029 
1030 		/* the string or number proper */
1031 #ifndef NO_FLOATING_POINT
1032 		if ((flags & FPT) == 0) {
1033 #endif
1034 			/* leading zeroes from decimal precision */
1035 			PAD(dprec - size, zeroes);
1036 			if (gs.grouping) {
1037 				if (grouping_print(&gs, &io, cp, buf+BUF, locale) < 0)
1038 					goto error;
1039 			} else {
1040 				PRINT(cp, size);
1041 			}
1042 #ifndef NO_FLOATING_POINT
1043 		} else {	/* glue together f_p fragments */
1044 			if (!expchar) {	/* %[fF] or sufficiently short %[gG] */
1045 				if (expt <= 0) {
1046 					PRINT(zeroes, 1);
1047 					if (prec || flags & ALT)
1048 						PRINT(decimal_point,decpt_len);
1049 					PAD(-expt, zeroes);
1050 					/* already handled initial 0's */
1051 					prec += expt;
1052 				} else {
1053 					if (gs.grouping) {
1054 						n = grouping_print(&gs, &io,
1055 						    cp, dtoaend, locale);
1056 						if (n < 0)
1057 							goto error;
1058 						cp += n;
1059 					} else {
1060 						PRINTANDPAD(cp, dtoaend,
1061 						    expt, zeroes);
1062 						cp += expt;
1063 					}
1064 					if (prec || flags & ALT)
1065 						PRINT(decimal_point,decpt_len);
1066 				}
1067 				PRINTANDPAD(cp, dtoaend, prec, zeroes);
1068 			} else {	/* %[eE] or sufficiently long %[gG] */
1069 				if (prec > 1 || flags & ALT) {
1070 					PRINT(cp++, 1);
1071 					PRINT(decimal_point, decpt_len);
1072 					PRINT(cp, ndig-1);
1073 					PAD(prec - ndig, zeroes);
1074 				} else	/* XeYYY */
1075 					PRINT(cp, 1);
1076 				PRINT(expstr, expsize);
1077 			}
1078 		}
1079 #endif
1080 		/* left-adjusting padding (always blank) */
1081 		if (flags & LADJUST)
1082 			PAD(width - realsz, blanks);
1083 
1084 		/* finally, adjust ret */
1085 		ret += prsize;
1086 
1087 		FLUSH();	/* copy out the I/O vectors */
1088 	}
1089 done:
1090 	FLUSH();
1091 error:
1092 	va_end(orgap);
1093 #ifndef NO_FLOATING_POINT
1094 	if (dtoaresult != NULL)
1095 		freedtoa(dtoaresult);
1096 #endif
1097 	if (convbuf != NULL)
1098 		free(convbuf);
1099 	if (__sferror(fp))
1100 		ret = EOF;
1101 	else
1102 		fp->_flags |= savserr;
1103 	if ((argtable != NULL) && (argtable != statargtable))
1104 		free (argtable);
1105 	return (ret);
1106 	/* NOTREACHED */
1107 }
1108 
1109