xref: /freebsd/lib/libc/stdio/vfprintf.c (revision 10b3b54548f2290bbe8d8f88c59c28d12b7a635d)
1 /*-
2  * Copyright (c) 1990, 1993
3  *	The Regents of the University of California.  All rights reserved.
4  *
5  * This code is derived from software contributed to Berkeley by
6  * Chris Torek.
7  *
8  * Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
9  * modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions
10  * are met:
11  * 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
12  *    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
13  * 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright
14  *    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the
15  *    documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
16  * 4. Neither the name of the University nor the names of its contributors
17  *    may be used to endorse or promote products derived from this software
18  *    without specific prior written permission.
19  *
20  * THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE REGENTS AND CONTRIBUTORS ``AS IS'' AND
21  * ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE
22  * IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE
23  * ARE DISCLAIMED.  IN NO EVENT SHALL THE REGENTS OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE
24  * FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL
25  * DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS
26  * OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION)
27  * HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT
28  * LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY
29  * OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF
30  * SUCH DAMAGE.
31  */
32 
33 #if defined(LIBC_SCCS) && !defined(lint)
34 static char sccsid[] = "@(#)vfprintf.c	8.1 (Berkeley) 6/4/93";
35 #endif /* LIBC_SCCS and not lint */
36 #include <sys/cdefs.h>
37 __FBSDID("$FreeBSD$");
38 
39 /*
40  * Actual printf innards.
41  *
42  * This code is large and complicated...
43  */
44 
45 #include "namespace.h"
46 #include <sys/types.h>
47 
48 #include <ctype.h>
49 #include <limits.h>
50 #include <locale.h>
51 #include <stddef.h>
52 #include <stdint.h>
53 #include <stdio.h>
54 #include <stdlib.h>
55 #include <string.h>
56 #include <wchar.h>
57 #include <printf.h>
58 
59 #include <stdarg.h>
60 #include "un-namespace.h"
61 
62 #include "libc_private.h"
63 #include "local.h"
64 #include "fvwrite.h"
65 #include "printflocal.h"
66 
67 static int	__sprint(FILE *, struct __suio *);
68 static int	__sbprintf(FILE *, const char *, va_list) __printflike(2, 0)
69 	__noinline;
70 static char	*__wcsconv(wchar_t *, int);
71 
72 #define	CHAR	char
73 #include "printfcommon.h"
74 
75 struct grouping_state {
76 	char *thousands_sep;	/* locale-specific thousands separator */
77 	int thousep_len;	/* length of thousands_sep */
78 	const char *grouping;	/* locale-specific numeric grouping rules */
79 	int lead;		/* sig figs before decimal or group sep */
80 	int nseps;		/* number of group separators with ' */
81 	int nrepeats;		/* number of repeats of the last group */
82 };
83 
84 /*
85  * Initialize the thousands' grouping state in preparation to print a
86  * number with ndigits digits. This routine returns the total number
87  * of bytes that will be needed.
88  */
89 static int
90 grouping_init(struct grouping_state *gs, int ndigits)
91 {
92 	struct lconv *locale;
93 
94 	locale = localeconv();
95 	gs->grouping = locale->grouping;
96 	gs->thousands_sep = locale->thousands_sep;
97 	gs->thousep_len = strlen(gs->thousands_sep);
98 
99 	gs->nseps = gs->nrepeats = 0;
100 	gs->lead = ndigits;
101 	while (*gs->grouping != CHAR_MAX) {
102 		if (gs->lead <= *gs->grouping)
103 			break;
104 		gs->lead -= *gs->grouping;
105 		if (*(gs->grouping+1)) {
106 			gs->nseps++;
107 			gs->grouping++;
108 		} else
109 			gs->nrepeats++;
110 	}
111 	return ((gs->nseps + gs->nrepeats) * gs->thousep_len);
112 }
113 
114 /*
115  * Print a number with thousands' separators.
116  */
117 static int
118 grouping_print(struct grouping_state *gs, struct io_state *iop,
119 	       const CHAR *cp, const CHAR *ep)
120 {
121 	const CHAR *cp0 = cp;
122 
123 	if (io_printandpad(iop, cp, ep, gs->lead, zeroes))
124 		return (-1);
125 	cp += gs->lead;
126 	while (gs->nseps > 0 || gs->nrepeats > 0) {
127 		if (gs->nrepeats > 0)
128 			gs->nrepeats--;
129 		else {
130 			gs->grouping--;
131 			gs->nseps--;
132 		}
133 		if (io_print(iop, gs->thousands_sep, gs->thousep_len))
134 			return (-1);
135 		if (io_printandpad(iop, cp, ep, *gs->grouping, zeroes))
136 			return (-1);
137 		cp += *gs->grouping;
138 	}
139 	if (cp > ep)
140 		cp = ep;
141 	return (cp - cp0);
142 }
143 
144 /*
145  * Flush out all the vectors defined by the given uio,
146  * then reset it so that it can be reused.
147  */
148 static int
149 __sprint(FILE *fp, struct __suio *uio)
150 {
151 	int err;
152 
153 	if (uio->uio_resid == 0) {
154 		uio->uio_iovcnt = 0;
155 		return (0);
156 	}
157 	err = __sfvwrite(fp, uio);
158 	uio->uio_resid = 0;
159 	uio->uio_iovcnt = 0;
160 	return (err);
161 }
162 
163 /*
164  * Helper function for `fprintf to unbuffered unix file': creates a
165  * temporary buffer.  We only work on write-only files; this avoids
166  * worries about ungetc buffers and so forth.
167  */
168 static int
169 __sbprintf(FILE *fp, const char *fmt, va_list ap)
170 {
171 	int ret;
172 	FILE fake;
173 	unsigned char buf[BUFSIZ];
174 
175 	/* XXX This is probably not needed. */
176 	if (prepwrite(fp) != 0)
177 		return (EOF);
178 
179 	/* copy the important variables */
180 	fake._flags = fp->_flags & ~__SNBF;
181 	fake._file = fp->_file;
182 	fake._cookie = fp->_cookie;
183 	fake._write = fp->_write;
184 	fake._orientation = fp->_orientation;
185 	fake._mbstate = fp->_mbstate;
186 
187 	/* set up the buffer */
188 	fake._bf._base = fake._p = buf;
189 	fake._bf._size = fake._w = sizeof(buf);
190 	fake._lbfsize = 0;	/* not actually used, but Just In Case */
191 
192 	/* do the work, then copy any error status */
193 	ret = __vfprintf(&fake, fmt, ap);
194 	if (ret >= 0 && __fflush(&fake))
195 		ret = EOF;
196 	if (fake._flags & __SERR)
197 		fp->_flags |= __SERR;
198 	return (ret);
199 }
200 
201 /*
202  * Convert a wide character string argument for the %ls format to a multibyte
203  * string representation. If not -1, prec specifies the maximum number of
204  * bytes to output, and also means that we can't assume that the wide char.
205  * string ends is null-terminated.
206  */
207 static char *
208 __wcsconv(wchar_t *wcsarg, int prec)
209 {
210 	static const mbstate_t initial;
211 	mbstate_t mbs;
212 	char buf[MB_LEN_MAX];
213 	wchar_t *p;
214 	char *convbuf;
215 	size_t clen, nbytes;
216 
217 	/* Allocate space for the maximum number of bytes we could output. */
218 	if (prec < 0) {
219 		p = wcsarg;
220 		mbs = initial;
221 		nbytes = wcsrtombs(NULL, (const wchar_t **)&p, 0, &mbs);
222 		if (nbytes == (size_t)-1)
223 			return (NULL);
224 	} else {
225 		/*
226 		 * Optimisation: if the output precision is small enough,
227 		 * just allocate enough memory for the maximum instead of
228 		 * scanning the string.
229 		 */
230 		if (prec < 128)
231 			nbytes = prec;
232 		else {
233 			nbytes = 0;
234 			p = wcsarg;
235 			mbs = initial;
236 			for (;;) {
237 				clen = wcrtomb(buf, *p++, &mbs);
238 				if (clen == 0 || clen == (size_t)-1 ||
239 				    nbytes + clen > prec)
240 					break;
241 				nbytes += clen;
242 			}
243 		}
244 	}
245 	if ((convbuf = malloc(nbytes + 1)) == NULL)
246 		return (NULL);
247 
248 	/* Fill the output buffer. */
249 	p = wcsarg;
250 	mbs = initial;
251 	if ((nbytes = wcsrtombs(convbuf, (const wchar_t **)&p,
252 	    nbytes, &mbs)) == (size_t)-1) {
253 		free(convbuf);
254 		return (NULL);
255 	}
256 	convbuf[nbytes] = '\0';
257 	return (convbuf);
258 }
259 
260 /*
261  * MT-safe version
262  */
263 int
264 vfprintf(FILE * __restrict fp, const char * __restrict fmt0, va_list ap)
265 
266 {
267 	int ret;
268 
269 	FLOCKFILE(fp);
270 	/* optimise fprintf(stderr) (and other unbuffered Unix files) */
271 	if ((fp->_flags & (__SNBF|__SWR|__SRW)) == (__SNBF|__SWR) &&
272 	    fp->_file >= 0)
273 		ret = __sbprintf(fp, fmt0, ap);
274 	else
275 		ret = __vfprintf(fp, fmt0, ap);
276 	FUNLOCKFILE(fp);
277 	return (ret);
278 }
279 
280 /*
281  * The size of the buffer we use as scratch space for integer
282  * conversions, among other things.  We need enough space to
283  * write a uintmax_t in octal (plus one byte).
284  */
285 #if UINTMAX_MAX <= UINT64_MAX
286 #define	BUF	32
287 #else
288 #error "BUF must be large enough to format a uintmax_t"
289 #endif
290 
291 /*
292  * Non-MT-safe version
293  */
294 int
295 __vfprintf(FILE *fp, const char *fmt0, va_list ap)
296 {
297 	char *fmt;		/* format string */
298 	int ch;			/* character from fmt */
299 	int n, n2;		/* handy integer (short term usage) */
300 	char *cp;		/* handy char pointer (short term usage) */
301 	int flags;		/* flags as above */
302 	int ret;		/* return value accumulator */
303 	int width;		/* width from format (%8d), or 0 */
304 	int prec;		/* precision from format; <0 for N/A */
305 	char sign;		/* sign prefix (' ', '+', '-', or \0) */
306 	struct grouping_state gs; /* thousands' grouping info */
307 
308 #ifndef NO_FLOATING_POINT
309 	/*
310 	 * We can decompose the printed representation of floating
311 	 * point numbers into several parts, some of which may be empty:
312 	 *
313 	 * [+|-| ] [0x|0X] MMM . NNN [e|E|p|P] [+|-] ZZ
314 	 *    A       B     ---C---      D       E   F
315 	 *
316 	 * A:	'sign' holds this value if present; '\0' otherwise
317 	 * B:	ox[1] holds the 'x' or 'X'; '\0' if not hexadecimal
318 	 * C:	cp points to the string MMMNNN.  Leading and trailing
319 	 *	zeros are not in the string and must be added.
320 	 * D:	expchar holds this character; '\0' if no exponent, e.g. %f
321 	 * F:	at least two digits for decimal, at least one digit for hex
322 	 */
323 	char *decimal_point;	/* locale specific decimal point */
324 	int decpt_len;		/* length of decimal_point */
325 	int signflag;		/* true if float is negative */
326 	union {			/* floating point arguments %[aAeEfFgG] */
327 		double dbl;
328 		long double ldbl;
329 	} fparg;
330 	int expt;		/* integer value of exponent */
331 	char expchar;		/* exponent character: [eEpP\0] */
332 	char *dtoaend;		/* pointer to end of converted digits */
333 	int expsize;		/* character count for expstr */
334 	int ndig;		/* actual number of digits returned by dtoa */
335 	char expstr[MAXEXPDIG+2];	/* buffer for exponent string: e+ZZZ */
336 	char *dtoaresult;	/* buffer allocated by dtoa */
337 #endif
338 	u_long	ulval;		/* integer arguments %[diouxX] */
339 	uintmax_t ujval;	/* %j, %ll, %q, %t, %z integers */
340 	int base;		/* base for [diouxX] conversion */
341 	int dprec;		/* a copy of prec if [diouxX], 0 otherwise */
342 	int realsz;		/* field size expanded by dprec, sign, etc */
343 	int size;		/* size of converted field or string */
344 	int prsize;             /* max size of printed field */
345 	const char *xdigs;     	/* digits for %[xX] conversion */
346 	struct io_state io;	/* I/O buffering state */
347 	char buf[BUF];		/* buffer with space for digits of uintmax_t */
348 	char ox[2];		/* space for 0x; ox[1] is either x, X, or \0 */
349 	union arg *argtable;    /* args, built due to positional arg */
350 	union arg statargtable [STATIC_ARG_TBL_SIZE];
351 	int nextarg;            /* 1-based argument index */
352 	va_list orgap;          /* original argument pointer */
353 	char *convbuf;		/* wide to multibyte conversion result */
354 
355 	static const char xdigs_lower[16] = "0123456789abcdef";
356 	static const char xdigs_upper[16] = "0123456789ABCDEF";
357 
358 	/* BEWARE, these `goto error' on error. */
359 #define	PRINT(ptr, len) { \
360 	if (io_print(&io, (ptr), (len)))	\
361 		goto error; \
362 }
363 #define	PAD(howmany, with) { \
364 	if (io_pad(&io, (howmany), (with))) \
365 		goto error; \
366 }
367 #define	PRINTANDPAD(p, ep, len, with) {	\
368 	if (io_printandpad(&io, (p), (ep), (len), (with))) \
369 		goto error; \
370 }
371 #define	FLUSH() { \
372 	if (io_flush(&io)) \
373 		goto error; \
374 }
375 
376 	/*
377 	 * Get the argument indexed by nextarg.   If the argument table is
378 	 * built, use it to get the argument.  If its not, get the next
379 	 * argument (and arguments must be gotten sequentially).
380 	 */
381 #define GETARG(type) \
382 	((argtable != NULL) ? *((type*)(&argtable[nextarg++])) : \
383 	    (nextarg++, va_arg(ap, type)))
384 
385 	/*
386 	 * To extend shorts properly, we need both signed and unsigned
387 	 * argument extraction methods.
388 	 */
389 #define	SARG() \
390 	(flags&LONGINT ? GETARG(long) : \
391 	    flags&SHORTINT ? (long)(short)GETARG(int) : \
392 	    flags&CHARINT ? (long)(signed char)GETARG(int) : \
393 	    (long)GETARG(int))
394 #define	UARG() \
395 	(flags&LONGINT ? GETARG(u_long) : \
396 	    flags&SHORTINT ? (u_long)(u_short)GETARG(int) : \
397 	    flags&CHARINT ? (u_long)(u_char)GETARG(int) : \
398 	    (u_long)GETARG(u_int))
399 #define	INTMAX_SIZE	(INTMAXT|SIZET|PTRDIFFT|LLONGINT)
400 #define SJARG() \
401 	(flags&INTMAXT ? GETARG(intmax_t) : \
402 	    flags&SIZET ? (intmax_t)GETARG(ssize_t) : \
403 	    flags&PTRDIFFT ? (intmax_t)GETARG(ptrdiff_t) : \
404 	    (intmax_t)GETARG(long long))
405 #define	UJARG() \
406 	(flags&INTMAXT ? GETARG(uintmax_t) : \
407 	    flags&SIZET ? (uintmax_t)GETARG(size_t) : \
408 	    flags&PTRDIFFT ? (uintmax_t)GETARG(ptrdiff_t) : \
409 	    (uintmax_t)GETARG(unsigned long long))
410 
411 	/*
412 	 * Get * arguments, including the form *nn$.  Preserve the nextarg
413 	 * that the argument can be gotten once the type is determined.
414 	 */
415 #define GETASTER(val) \
416 	n2 = 0; \
417 	cp = fmt; \
418 	while (is_digit(*cp)) { \
419 		n2 = 10 * n2 + to_digit(*cp); \
420 		cp++; \
421 	} \
422 	if (*cp == '$') { \
423 		int hold = nextarg; \
424 		if (argtable == NULL) { \
425 			argtable = statargtable; \
426 			if (__find_arguments (fmt0, orgap, &argtable)) { \
427 				ret = EOF; \
428 				goto error; \
429 			} \
430 		} \
431 		nextarg = n2; \
432 		val = GETARG (int); \
433 		nextarg = hold; \
434 		fmt = ++cp; \
435 	} else { \
436 		val = GETARG (int); \
437 	}
438 
439 	if (__use_xprintf == 0 && getenv("USE_XPRINTF"))
440 		__use_xprintf = 1;
441 	if (__use_xprintf > 0)
442 		return (__xvprintf(fp, fmt0, ap));
443 
444 	/* sorry, fprintf(read_only_file, "") returns EOF, not 0 */
445 	if (prepwrite(fp) != 0)
446 		return (EOF);
447 
448 	convbuf = NULL;
449 	fmt = (char *)fmt0;
450 	argtable = NULL;
451 	nextarg = 1;
452 	va_copy(orgap, ap);
453 	io_init(&io, fp);
454 	ret = 0;
455 #ifndef NO_FLOATING_POINT
456 	dtoaresult = NULL;
457 	decimal_point = localeconv()->decimal_point;
458 	/* The overwhelmingly common case is decpt_len == 1. */
459 	decpt_len = (decimal_point[1] == '\0' ? 1 : strlen(decimal_point));
460 #endif
461 
462 	/*
463 	 * Scan the format for conversions (`%' character).
464 	 */
465 	for (;;) {
466 		for (cp = fmt; (ch = *fmt) != '\0' && ch != '%'; fmt++)
467 			/* void */;
468 		if ((n = fmt - cp) != 0) {
469 			if ((unsigned)ret + n > INT_MAX) {
470 				ret = EOF;
471 				goto error;
472 			}
473 			PRINT(cp, n);
474 			ret += n;
475 		}
476 		if (ch == '\0')
477 			goto done;
478 		fmt++;		/* skip over '%' */
479 
480 		flags = 0;
481 		dprec = 0;
482 		width = 0;
483 		prec = -1;
484 		gs.grouping = NULL;
485 		sign = '\0';
486 		ox[1] = '\0';
487 
488 rflag:		ch = *fmt++;
489 reswitch:	switch (ch) {
490 		case ' ':
491 			/*-
492 			 * ``If the space and + flags both appear, the space
493 			 * flag will be ignored.''
494 			 *	-- ANSI X3J11
495 			 */
496 			if (!sign)
497 				sign = ' ';
498 			goto rflag;
499 		case '#':
500 			flags |= ALT;
501 			goto rflag;
502 		case '*':
503 			/*-
504 			 * ``A negative field width argument is taken as a
505 			 * - flag followed by a positive field width.''
506 			 *	-- ANSI X3J11
507 			 * They don't exclude field widths read from args.
508 			 */
509 			GETASTER (width);
510 			if (width >= 0)
511 				goto rflag;
512 			width = -width;
513 			/* FALLTHROUGH */
514 		case '-':
515 			flags |= LADJUST;
516 			goto rflag;
517 		case '+':
518 			sign = '+';
519 			goto rflag;
520 		case '\'':
521 			flags |= GROUPING;
522 			goto rflag;
523 		case '.':
524 			if ((ch = *fmt++) == '*') {
525 				GETASTER (prec);
526 				goto rflag;
527 			}
528 			prec = 0;
529 			while (is_digit(ch)) {
530 				prec = 10 * prec + to_digit(ch);
531 				ch = *fmt++;
532 			}
533 			goto reswitch;
534 		case '0':
535 			/*-
536 			 * ``Note that 0 is taken as a flag, not as the
537 			 * beginning of a field width.''
538 			 *	-- ANSI X3J11
539 			 */
540 			flags |= ZEROPAD;
541 			goto rflag;
542 		case '1': case '2': case '3': case '4':
543 		case '5': case '6': case '7': case '8': case '9':
544 			n = 0;
545 			do {
546 				n = 10 * n + to_digit(ch);
547 				ch = *fmt++;
548 			} while (is_digit(ch));
549 			if (ch == '$') {
550 				nextarg = n;
551 				if (argtable == NULL) {
552 					argtable = statargtable;
553 					if (__find_arguments (fmt0, orgap,
554 							      &argtable)) {
555 						ret = EOF;
556 						goto error;
557 					}
558 				}
559 				goto rflag;
560 			}
561 			width = n;
562 			goto reswitch;
563 #ifndef NO_FLOATING_POINT
564 		case 'L':
565 			flags |= LONGDBL;
566 			goto rflag;
567 #endif
568 		case 'h':
569 			if (flags & SHORTINT) {
570 				flags &= ~SHORTINT;
571 				flags |= CHARINT;
572 			} else
573 				flags |= SHORTINT;
574 			goto rflag;
575 		case 'j':
576 			flags |= INTMAXT;
577 			goto rflag;
578 		case 'l':
579 			if (flags & LONGINT) {
580 				flags &= ~LONGINT;
581 				flags |= LLONGINT;
582 			} else
583 				flags |= LONGINT;
584 			goto rflag;
585 		case 'q':
586 			flags |= LLONGINT;	/* not necessarily */
587 			goto rflag;
588 		case 't':
589 			flags |= PTRDIFFT;
590 			goto rflag;
591 		case 'z':
592 			flags |= SIZET;
593 			goto rflag;
594 		case 'C':
595 			flags |= LONGINT;
596 			/*FALLTHROUGH*/
597 		case 'c':
598 			if (flags & LONGINT) {
599 				static const mbstate_t initial;
600 				mbstate_t mbs;
601 				size_t mbseqlen;
602 
603 				mbs = initial;
604 				mbseqlen = wcrtomb(cp = buf,
605 				    (wchar_t)GETARG(wint_t), &mbs);
606 				if (mbseqlen == (size_t)-1) {
607 					fp->_flags |= __SERR;
608 					goto error;
609 				}
610 				size = (int)mbseqlen;
611 			} else {
612 				*(cp = buf) = GETARG(int);
613 				size = 1;
614 			}
615 			sign = '\0';
616 			break;
617 		case 'D':
618 			flags |= LONGINT;
619 			/*FALLTHROUGH*/
620 		case 'd':
621 		case 'i':
622 			if (flags & INTMAX_SIZE) {
623 				ujval = SJARG();
624 				if ((intmax_t)ujval < 0) {
625 					ujval = -ujval;
626 					sign = '-';
627 				}
628 			} else {
629 				ulval = SARG();
630 				if ((long)ulval < 0) {
631 					ulval = -ulval;
632 					sign = '-';
633 				}
634 			}
635 			base = 10;
636 			goto number;
637 #ifndef NO_FLOATING_POINT
638 		case 'a':
639 		case 'A':
640 			if (ch == 'a') {
641 				ox[1] = 'x';
642 				xdigs = xdigs_lower;
643 				expchar = 'p';
644 			} else {
645 				ox[1] = 'X';
646 				xdigs = xdigs_upper;
647 				expchar = 'P';
648 			}
649 			if (prec >= 0)
650 				prec++;
651 			if (dtoaresult != NULL)
652 				freedtoa(dtoaresult);
653 			if (flags & LONGDBL) {
654 				fparg.ldbl = GETARG(long double);
655 				dtoaresult = cp =
656 				    __hldtoa(fparg.ldbl, xdigs, prec,
657 				    &expt, &signflag, &dtoaend);
658 			} else {
659 				fparg.dbl = GETARG(double);
660 				dtoaresult = cp =
661 				    __hdtoa(fparg.dbl, xdigs, prec,
662 				    &expt, &signflag, &dtoaend);
663 			}
664 			if (prec < 0)
665 				prec = dtoaend - cp;
666 			if (expt == INT_MAX)
667 				ox[1] = '\0';
668 			goto fp_common;
669 		case 'e':
670 		case 'E':
671 			expchar = ch;
672 			if (prec < 0)	/* account for digit before decpt */
673 				prec = DEFPREC + 1;
674 			else
675 				prec++;
676 			goto fp_begin;
677 		case 'f':
678 		case 'F':
679 			expchar = '\0';
680 			goto fp_begin;
681 		case 'g':
682 		case 'G':
683 			expchar = ch - ('g' - 'e');
684 			if (prec == 0)
685 				prec = 1;
686 fp_begin:
687 			if (prec < 0)
688 				prec = DEFPREC;
689 			if (dtoaresult != NULL)
690 				freedtoa(dtoaresult);
691 			if (flags & LONGDBL) {
692 				fparg.ldbl = GETARG(long double);
693 				dtoaresult = cp =
694 				    __ldtoa(&fparg.ldbl, expchar ? 2 : 3, prec,
695 				    &expt, &signflag, &dtoaend);
696 			} else {
697 				fparg.dbl = GETARG(double);
698 				dtoaresult = cp =
699 				    dtoa(fparg.dbl, expchar ? 2 : 3, prec,
700 				    &expt, &signflag, &dtoaend);
701 				if (expt == 9999)
702 					expt = INT_MAX;
703 			}
704 fp_common:
705 			if (signflag)
706 				sign = '-';
707 			if (expt == INT_MAX) {	/* inf or nan */
708 				if (*cp == 'N') {
709 					cp = (ch >= 'a') ? "nan" : "NAN";
710 					sign = '\0';
711 				} else
712 					cp = (ch >= 'a') ? "inf" : "INF";
713 				size = 3;
714 				flags &= ~ZEROPAD;
715 				break;
716 			}
717 			flags |= FPT;
718 			ndig = dtoaend - cp;
719 			if (ch == 'g' || ch == 'G') {
720 				if (expt > -4 && expt <= prec) {
721 					/* Make %[gG] smell like %[fF] */
722 					expchar = '\0';
723 					if (flags & ALT)
724 						prec -= expt;
725 					else
726 						prec = ndig - expt;
727 					if (prec < 0)
728 						prec = 0;
729 				} else {
730 					/*
731 					 * Make %[gG] smell like %[eE], but
732 					 * trim trailing zeroes if no # flag.
733 					 */
734 					if (!(flags & ALT))
735 						prec = ndig;
736 				}
737 			}
738 			if (expchar) {
739 				expsize = exponent(expstr, expt - 1, expchar);
740 				size = expsize + prec;
741 				if (prec > 1 || flags & ALT)
742 					size += decpt_len;
743 			} else {
744 				/* space for digits before decimal point */
745 				if (expt > 0)
746 					size = expt;
747 				else	/* "0" */
748 					size = 1;
749 				/* space for decimal pt and following digits */
750 				if (prec || flags & ALT)
751 					size += prec + decpt_len;
752 				if ((flags & GROUPING) && expt > 0)
753 					size += grouping_init(&gs, expt);
754 			}
755 			break;
756 #endif /* !NO_FLOATING_POINT */
757 		case 'n':
758 			/*
759 			 * Assignment-like behavior is specified if the
760 			 * value overflows or is otherwise unrepresentable.
761 			 * C99 says to use `signed char' for %hhn conversions.
762 			 */
763 			if (flags & LLONGINT)
764 				*GETARG(long long *) = ret;
765 			else if (flags & SIZET)
766 				*GETARG(ssize_t *) = (ssize_t)ret;
767 			else if (flags & PTRDIFFT)
768 				*GETARG(ptrdiff_t *) = ret;
769 			else if (flags & INTMAXT)
770 				*GETARG(intmax_t *) = ret;
771 			else if (flags & LONGINT)
772 				*GETARG(long *) = ret;
773 			else if (flags & SHORTINT)
774 				*GETARG(short *) = ret;
775 			else if (flags & CHARINT)
776 				*GETARG(signed char *) = ret;
777 			else
778 				*GETARG(int *) = ret;
779 			continue;	/* no output */
780 		case 'O':
781 			flags |= LONGINT;
782 			/*FALLTHROUGH*/
783 		case 'o':
784 			if (flags & INTMAX_SIZE)
785 				ujval = UJARG();
786 			else
787 				ulval = UARG();
788 			base = 8;
789 			goto nosign;
790 		case 'p':
791 			/*-
792 			 * ``The argument shall be a pointer to void.  The
793 			 * value of the pointer is converted to a sequence
794 			 * of printable characters, in an implementation-
795 			 * defined manner.''
796 			 *	-- ANSI X3J11
797 			 */
798 			ujval = (uintmax_t)(uintptr_t)GETARG(void *);
799 			base = 16;
800 			xdigs = xdigs_lower;
801 			flags = flags | INTMAXT;
802 			ox[1] = 'x';
803 			goto nosign;
804 		case 'S':
805 			flags |= LONGINT;
806 			/*FALLTHROUGH*/
807 		case 's':
808 			if (flags & LONGINT) {
809 				wchar_t *wcp;
810 
811 				if (convbuf != NULL)
812 					free(convbuf);
813 				if ((wcp = GETARG(wchar_t *)) == NULL)
814 					cp = "(null)";
815 				else {
816 					convbuf = __wcsconv(wcp, prec);
817 					if (convbuf == NULL) {
818 						fp->_flags |= __SERR;
819 						goto error;
820 					}
821 					cp = convbuf;
822 				}
823 			} else if ((cp = GETARG(char *)) == NULL)
824 				cp = "(null)";
825 			size = (prec >= 0) ? strnlen(cp, prec) : strlen(cp);
826 			sign = '\0';
827 			break;
828 		case 'U':
829 			flags |= LONGINT;
830 			/*FALLTHROUGH*/
831 		case 'u':
832 			if (flags & INTMAX_SIZE)
833 				ujval = UJARG();
834 			else
835 				ulval = UARG();
836 			base = 10;
837 			goto nosign;
838 		case 'X':
839 			xdigs = xdigs_upper;
840 			goto hex;
841 		case 'x':
842 			xdigs = xdigs_lower;
843 hex:
844 			if (flags & INTMAX_SIZE)
845 				ujval = UJARG();
846 			else
847 				ulval = UARG();
848 			base = 16;
849 			/* leading 0x/X only if non-zero */
850 			if (flags & ALT &&
851 			    (flags & INTMAX_SIZE ? ujval != 0 : ulval != 0))
852 				ox[1] = ch;
853 
854 			flags &= ~GROUPING;
855 			/* unsigned conversions */
856 nosign:			sign = '\0';
857 			/*-
858 			 * ``... diouXx conversions ... if a precision is
859 			 * specified, the 0 flag will be ignored.''
860 			 *	-- ANSI X3J11
861 			 */
862 number:			if ((dprec = prec) >= 0)
863 				flags &= ~ZEROPAD;
864 
865 			/*-
866 			 * ``The result of converting a zero value with an
867 			 * explicit precision of zero is no characters.''
868 			 *	-- ANSI X3J11
869 			 *
870 			 * ``The C Standard is clear enough as is.  The call
871 			 * printf("%#.0o", 0) should print 0.''
872 			 *	-- Defect Report #151
873 			 */
874 			cp = buf + BUF;
875 			if (flags & INTMAX_SIZE) {
876 				if (ujval != 0 || prec != 0 ||
877 				    (flags & ALT && base == 8))
878 					cp = __ujtoa(ujval, cp, base,
879 					    flags & ALT, xdigs);
880 			} else {
881 				if (ulval != 0 || prec != 0 ||
882 				    (flags & ALT && base == 8))
883 					cp = __ultoa(ulval, cp, base,
884 					    flags & ALT, xdigs);
885 			}
886 			size = buf + BUF - cp;
887 			if (size > BUF)	/* should never happen */
888 				abort();
889 			if ((flags & GROUPING) && size != 0)
890 				size += grouping_init(&gs, size);
891 			break;
892 		default:	/* "%?" prints ?, unless ? is NUL */
893 			if (ch == '\0')
894 				goto done;
895 			/* pretend it was %c with argument ch */
896 			cp = buf;
897 			*cp = ch;
898 			size = 1;
899 			sign = '\0';
900 			break;
901 		}
902 
903 		/*
904 		 * All reasonable formats wind up here.  At this point, `cp'
905 		 * points to a string which (if not flags&LADJUST) should be
906 		 * padded out to `width' places.  If flags&ZEROPAD, it should
907 		 * first be prefixed by any sign or other prefix; otherwise,
908 		 * it should be blank padded before the prefix is emitted.
909 		 * After any left-hand padding and prefixing, emit zeroes
910 		 * required by a decimal [diouxX] precision, then print the
911 		 * string proper, then emit zeroes required by any leftover
912 		 * floating precision; finally, if LADJUST, pad with blanks.
913 		 *
914 		 * Compute actual size, so we know how much to pad.
915 		 * size excludes decimal prec; realsz includes it.
916 		 */
917 		realsz = dprec > size ? dprec : size;
918 		if (sign)
919 			realsz++;
920 		if (ox[1])
921 			realsz += 2;
922 
923 		prsize = width > realsz ? width : realsz;
924 		if ((unsigned)ret + prsize > INT_MAX) {
925 			ret = EOF;
926 			goto error;
927 		}
928 
929 		/* right-adjusting blank padding */
930 		if ((flags & (LADJUST|ZEROPAD)) == 0)
931 			PAD(width - realsz, blanks);
932 
933 		/* prefix */
934 		if (sign)
935 			PRINT(&sign, 1);
936 
937 		if (ox[1]) {	/* ox[1] is either x, X, or \0 */
938 			ox[0] = '0';
939 			PRINT(ox, 2);
940 		}
941 
942 		/* right-adjusting zero padding */
943 		if ((flags & (LADJUST|ZEROPAD)) == ZEROPAD)
944 			PAD(width - realsz, zeroes);
945 
946 		/* the string or number proper */
947 #ifndef NO_FLOATING_POINT
948 		if ((flags & FPT) == 0) {
949 #endif
950 			/* leading zeroes from decimal precision */
951 			PAD(dprec - size, zeroes);
952 			if (gs.grouping) {
953 				if (grouping_print(&gs, &io, cp, buf+BUF) < 0)
954 					goto error;
955 			} else {
956 				PRINT(cp, size);
957 			}
958 #ifndef NO_FLOATING_POINT
959 		} else {	/* glue together f_p fragments */
960 			if (!expchar) {	/* %[fF] or sufficiently short %[gG] */
961 				if (expt <= 0) {
962 					PRINT(zeroes, 1);
963 					if (prec || flags & ALT)
964 						PRINT(decimal_point,decpt_len);
965 					PAD(-expt, zeroes);
966 					/* already handled initial 0's */
967 					prec += expt;
968 				} else {
969 					if (gs.grouping) {
970 						n = grouping_print(&gs, &io,
971 						    cp, dtoaend);
972 						if (n < 0)
973 							goto error;
974 						cp += n;
975 					} else {
976 						PRINTANDPAD(cp, dtoaend,
977 						    expt, zeroes);
978 						cp += expt;
979 					}
980 					if (prec || flags & ALT)
981 						PRINT(decimal_point,decpt_len);
982 				}
983 				PRINTANDPAD(cp, dtoaend, prec, zeroes);
984 			} else {	/* %[eE] or sufficiently long %[gG] */
985 				if (prec > 1 || flags & ALT) {
986 					PRINT(cp++, 1);
987 					PRINT(decimal_point, decpt_len);
988 					PRINT(cp, ndig-1);
989 					PAD(prec - ndig, zeroes);
990 				} else	/* XeYYY */
991 					PRINT(cp, 1);
992 				PRINT(expstr, expsize);
993 			}
994 		}
995 #endif
996 		/* left-adjusting padding (always blank) */
997 		if (flags & LADJUST)
998 			PAD(width - realsz, blanks);
999 
1000 		/* finally, adjust ret */
1001 		ret += prsize;
1002 
1003 		FLUSH();	/* copy out the I/O vectors */
1004 	}
1005 done:
1006 	FLUSH();
1007 error:
1008 	va_end(orgap);
1009 #ifndef NO_FLOATING_POINT
1010 	if (dtoaresult != NULL)
1011 		freedtoa(dtoaresult);
1012 #endif
1013 	if (convbuf != NULL)
1014 		free(convbuf);
1015 	if (__sferror(fp))
1016 		ret = EOF;
1017 	if ((argtable != NULL) && (argtable != statargtable))
1018 		free (argtable);
1019 	return (ret);
1020 	/* NOTREACHED */
1021 }
1022 
1023