1.\" Copyright (c) 1990, 1991, 1993 2.\" The Regents of the University of California. All rights reserved. 3.\" 4.\" This code is derived from software contributed to Berkeley by 5.\" Chris Torek and the American National Standards Committee X3, 6.\" on Information Processing Systems. 7.\" 8.\" Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without 9.\" modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions 10.\" are met: 11.\" 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright 12.\" notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer. 13.\" 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright 14.\" notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the 15.\" documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution. 16.\" 3. All advertising materials mentioning features or use of this software 17.\" must display the following acknowledgement: 18.\" This product includes software developed by the University of 19.\" California, Berkeley and its contributors. 20.\" 4. Neither the name of the University nor the names of its contributors 21.\" may be used to endorse or promote products derived from this software 22.\" without specific prior written permission. 23.\" 24.\" THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE REGENTS AND CONTRIBUTORS ``AS IS'' AND 25.\" ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE 26.\" IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE 27.\" ARE DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE REGENTS OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE 28.\" FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL 29.\" DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS 30.\" OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION) 31.\" HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT 32.\" LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY 33.\" OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF 34.\" SUCH DAMAGE. 35.\" 36.\" @(#)putc.3 8.1 (Berkeley) 6/4/93 37.\" $FreeBSD$ 38.\" 39.Dd January 10, 2003 40.Dt PUTC 3 41.Os 42.Sh NAME 43.Nm fputc , 44.Nm putc , 45.Nm putchar , 46.Nm putw 47.Nd output a character or word to a stream 48.Sh LIBRARY 49.Lb libc 50.Sh SYNOPSIS 51.In stdio.h 52.Ft int 53.Fn fputc "int c" "FILE *stream" 54.Ft int 55.Fn putc "int c" "FILE *stream" 56.Ft int 57.Fn putc_unlocked "int c" "FILE *stream" 58.Ft int 59.Fn putchar "int c" 60.Ft int 61.Fn putchar_unlocked "int c" 62.Ft int 63.Fn putw "int w" "FILE *stream" 64.Sh DESCRIPTION 65The 66.Fn fputc 67function 68writes the character 69.Fa c 70(converted to an ``unsigned char'') 71to the output stream pointed to by 72.Fa stream . 73.Pp 74The 75.Fn putc 76function acts essentially identically to 77.Fn fputc . 78.Pp 79The 80.Fn putchar 81function 82is identical to 83.Fn putc 84with an output stream of 85.Dv stdout . 86.Pp 87The 88.Fn putw 89function 90writes the specified 91.Vt int 92to the named output 93.Fa stream . 94.Pp 95The 96.Fn putc_unlocked 97and 98.Fn putchar_unlocked 99functions are equivalent to 100.Fn putc 101and 102.Fn putchar 103respectively, 104except that the caller is responsible for locking the stream 105with 106.Fn flockfile 107before calling them. 108These functions may be used to avoid the overhead of locking the stream 109for each character, and to avoid output being interspersed from multiple 110threads writing to the same stream. 111.Sh RETURN VALUES 112The functions, 113.Fn fputc , 114.Fn putc , 115.Fn putchar , 116.Fn putc_unlocked 117and 118.Fn putchar_unlocked 119return the character written. 120If an error occurs, the value 121.Dv EOF 122is returned. 123The 124.Fn putw 125function 126returns 0 on success; 127.Dv EOF 128is returned if 129a write error occurs, 130or if an attempt is made to write a read-only stream. 131.Sh SEE ALSO 132.Xr ferror 3 , 133.Xr flockfile 3 , 134.Xr fopen 3 , 135.Xr getc 3 , 136.Xr putwc 3 , 137.Xr stdio 3 138.Sh STANDARDS 139The functions 140.Fn fputc , 141.Fn putc , 142and 143.Fn putchar , 144conform to 145.St -isoC . 146The 147.Fn putc_unlocked 148and 149.Fn putchar_unlocked 150functions conform to 151.St -p1003.1-2001 . 152A function 153.Fn putw 154function appeared in 155.At v6 . 156.Sh BUGS 157The size and byte order of an 158.Vt int 159varies from one machine to another, and 160.Fn putw 161is not recommended for portable applications. 162