1.\" Copyright (c) 1990, 1991, 1993 2.\" The Regents of the University of California. All rights reserved. 3.\" 4.\" This code is derived from software contributed to Berkeley by 5.\" Chris Torek and the American National Standards Committee X3, 6.\" on Information Processing Systems. 7.\" 8.\" Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without 9.\" modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions 10.\" are met: 11.\" 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright 12.\" notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer. 13.\" 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright 14.\" notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the 15.\" documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution. 16.\" 3. All advertising materials mentioning features or use of this software 17.\" must display the following acknowledgement: 18.\" This product includes software developed by the University of 19.\" California, Berkeley and its contributors. 20.\" 4. Neither the name of the University nor the names of its contributors 21.\" may be used to endorse or promote products derived from this software 22.\" without specific prior written permission. 23.\" 24.\" THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE REGENTS AND CONTRIBUTORS ``AS IS'' AND 25.\" ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE 26.\" IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE 27.\" ARE DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE REGENTS OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE 28.\" FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL 29.\" DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS 30.\" OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION) 31.\" HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT 32.\" LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY 33.\" OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF 34.\" SUCH DAMAGE. 35.\" 36.\" @(#)getc.3 8.1 (Berkeley) 6/4/93 37.\" $FreeBSD$ 38.\" 39.Dd June 4, 1993 40.Dt GETC 3 41.Os 42.Sh NAME 43.Nm fgetc , 44.Nm getc , 45.Nm getchar , 46.Nm getw 47.Nd get next character or word from input stream 48.Sh LIBRARY 49.Lb libc 50.Sh SYNOPSIS 51.In stdio.h 52.Ft int 53.Fn fgetc "FILE *stream" 54.Ft int 55.Fn getc "FILE *stream" 56.Ft int 57.Fn getchar 58.Ft int 59.Fn getw "FILE *stream" 60.Sh DESCRIPTION 61The 62.Fn fgetc 63function 64obtains the next input character (if present) from the stream pointed at by 65.Fa stream , 66or the next character pushed back on the stream via 67.Xr ungetc 3 . 68.Pp 69The 70.Fn getc 71function 72acts essentially identically to 73.Fn fgetc , 74but is a macro that expands in-line. 75.Pp 76The 77.Fn getchar 78function 79is equivalent to 80.Fn getc stdin . 81.Pp 82The 83.Fn getw 84function 85obtains the next 86.Vt int 87(if present) 88from the stream pointed at by 89.Fa stream . 90.Sh RETURN VALUES 91If successful, these routines return the next requested object 92from the 93.Fa stream . 94Character values are returned as an 95.Vt "unsigned char" 96converted to an 97.Vt int . 98If the stream is at end-of-file or a read error occurs, 99the routines return 100.Dv EOF . 101The routines 102.Xr feof 3 103and 104.Xr ferror 3 105must be used to distinguish between end-of-file and error. 106If an error occurs, the global variable 107.Va errno 108is set to indicate the error. 109The end-of-file condition is remembered, even on a terminal, and all 110subsequent attempts to read will return 111.Dv EOF 112until the condition is cleared with 113.Xr clearerr 3 . 114.Sh SEE ALSO 115.Xr ferror 3 , 116.Xr fopen 3 , 117.Xr fread 3 , 118.Xr putc 3 , 119.Xr ungetc 3 120.Sh STANDARDS 121The 122.Fn fgetc , 123.Fn getc 124and 125.Fn getchar 126functions 127conform to 128.St -isoC . 129.Sh BUGS 130Since 131.Dv EOF 132is a valid integer value, 133.Xr feof 3 134and 135.Xr ferror 3 136must be used to check for failure after calling 137.Fn getw . 138The size and byte order of an 139.Vt int 140varies from one machine to another, and 141.Fn getw 142is not recommended for portable applications. 143.Pp 144