xref: /freebsd/lib/libc/resolv/res_send.c (revision 9a14aa017b21c292740c00ee098195cd46642730)
1 /*
2  * Copyright (c) 1985, 1989, 1993
3  *    The Regents of the University of California.  All rights reserved.
4  *
5  * Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
6  * modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions
7  * are met:
8  * 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
9  *    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
10  * 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright
11  *    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the
12  *    documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
13  * 4. Neither the name of the University nor the names of its contributors
14  *    may be used to endorse or promote products derived from this software
15  *    without specific prior written permission.
16  *
17  * THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE REGENTS AND CONTRIBUTORS ``AS IS'' AND
18  * ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE
19  * IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE
20  * ARE DISCLAIMED.  IN NO EVENT SHALL THE REGENTS OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE
21  * FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL
22  * DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS
23  * OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION)
24  * HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT
25  * LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY
26  * OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF
27  * SUCH DAMAGE.
28  */
29 
30 /*
31  * Portions Copyright (c) 1993 by Digital Equipment Corporation.
32  *
33  * Permission to use, copy, modify, and distribute this software for any
34  * purpose with or without fee is hereby granted, provided that the above
35  * copyright notice and this permission notice appear in all copies, and that
36  * the name of Digital Equipment Corporation not be used in advertising or
37  * publicity pertaining to distribution of the document or software without
38  * specific, written prior permission.
39  *
40  * THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED "AS IS" AND DIGITAL EQUIPMENT CORP. DISCLAIMS ALL
41  * WARRANTIES WITH REGARD TO THIS SOFTWARE, INCLUDING ALL IMPLIED WARRANTIES
42  * OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS.   IN NO EVENT SHALL DIGITAL EQUIPMENT
43  * CORPORATION BE LIABLE FOR ANY SPECIAL, DIRECT, INDIRECT, OR CONSEQUENTIAL
44  * DAMAGES OR ANY DAMAGES WHATSOEVER RESULTING FROM LOSS OF USE, DATA OR
45  * PROFITS, WHETHER IN AN ACTION OF CONTRACT, NEGLIGENCE OR OTHER TORTIOUS
46  * ACTION, ARISING OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE USE OR PERFORMANCE OF THIS
47  * SOFTWARE.
48  */
49 
50 /*
51  * Copyright (c) 2005 by Internet Systems Consortium, Inc. ("ISC")
52  * Portions Copyright (c) 1996-1999 by Internet Software Consortium.
53  *
54  * Permission to use, copy, modify, and distribute this software for any
55  * purpose with or without fee is hereby granted, provided that the above
56  * copyright notice and this permission notice appear in all copies.
57  *
58  * THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED "AS IS" AND ISC DISCLAIMS ALL WARRANTIES
59  * WITH REGARD TO THIS SOFTWARE INCLUDING ALL IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF
60  * MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS.  IN NO EVENT SHALL ISC BE LIABLE FOR
61  * ANY SPECIAL, DIRECT, INDIRECT, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES OR ANY DAMAGES
62  * WHATSOEVER RESULTING FROM LOSS OF USE, DATA OR PROFITS, WHETHER IN AN
63  * ACTION OF CONTRACT, NEGLIGENCE OR OTHER TORTIOUS ACTION, ARISING OUT
64  * OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE USE OR PERFORMANCE OF THIS SOFTWARE.
65  */
66 
67 #if defined(LIBC_SCCS) && !defined(lint)
68 static const char sccsid[] = "@(#)res_send.c	8.1 (Berkeley) 6/4/93";
69 static const char rcsid[] = "$Id: res_send.c,v 1.9.18.10 2008/01/27 02:06:26 marka Exp $";
70 #endif /* LIBC_SCCS and not lint */
71 #include <sys/cdefs.h>
72 __FBSDID("$FreeBSD$");
73 
74 /*! \file
75  * \brief
76  * Send query to name server and wait for reply.
77  */
78 
79 #include "port_before.h"
80 #ifndef USE_KQUEUE
81 #include "fd_setsize.h"
82 #endif
83 
84 #include "namespace.h"
85 #include <sys/types.h>
86 #include <sys/param.h>
87 #include <sys/time.h>
88 #include <sys/socket.h>
89 #include <sys/uio.h>
90 
91 #include <netinet/in.h>
92 #include <arpa/nameser.h>
93 #include <arpa/inet.h>
94 
95 #include <errno.h>
96 #include <netdb.h>
97 #include <resolv.h>
98 #include <signal.h>
99 #include <stdio.h>
100 #include <stdlib.h>
101 #include <string.h>
102 #include <unistd.h>
103 
104 #include <isc/eventlib.h>
105 
106 #include "port_after.h"
107 
108 #ifdef USE_KQUEUE
109 #include <sys/event.h>
110 #else
111 #ifdef USE_POLL
112 #ifdef HAVE_STROPTS_H
113 #include <stropts.h>
114 #endif
115 #include <poll.h>
116 #endif /* USE_POLL */
117 #endif
118 
119 #include "un-namespace.h"
120 
121 /* Options.  Leave them on. */
122 #define DEBUG
123 #include "res_debug.h"
124 #include "res_private.h"
125 
126 #define EXT(res) ((res)->_u._ext)
127 
128 #if !defined(USE_POLL) && !defined(USE_KQUEUE)
129 static const int highestFD = FD_SETSIZE - 1;
130 #endif
131 
132 /* Forward. */
133 
134 static int		get_salen(const struct sockaddr *);
135 static struct sockaddr * get_nsaddr(res_state, size_t);
136 static int		send_vc(res_state, const u_char *, int,
137 				u_char *, int, int *, int);
138 static int		send_dg(res_state,
139 #ifdef USE_KQUEUE
140 				int kq,
141 #endif
142 				const u_char *, int,
143 				u_char *, int, int *, int, int,
144 				int *, int *);
145 static void		Aerror(const res_state, FILE *, const char *, int,
146 			       const struct sockaddr *, int);
147 static void		Perror(const res_state, FILE *, const char *, int);
148 static int		sock_eq(struct sockaddr *, struct sockaddr *);
149 #if defined(NEED_PSELECT) && !defined(USE_POLL) && !defined(USE_KQUEUE)
150 static int		pselect(int, void *, void *, void *,
151 				struct timespec *,
152 				const sigset_t *);
153 #endif
154 void res_pquery(const res_state, const u_char *, int, FILE *);
155 
156 static const int niflags = NI_NUMERICHOST | NI_NUMERICSERV;
157 
158 /* Public. */
159 
160 /*%
161  *	looks up "ina" in _res.ns_addr_list[]
162  *
163  * returns:
164  *\li	0  : not found
165  *\li	>0 : found
166  *
167  * author:
168  *\li	paul vixie, 29may94
169  */
170 int
171 res_ourserver_p(const res_state statp, const struct sockaddr *sa) {
172 	const struct sockaddr_in *inp, *srv;
173 	const struct sockaddr_in6 *in6p, *srv6;
174 	int ns;
175 
176 	switch (sa->sa_family) {
177 	case AF_INET:
178 		inp = (const struct sockaddr_in *)sa;
179 		for (ns = 0;  ns < statp->nscount;  ns++) {
180 			srv = (struct sockaddr_in *)get_nsaddr(statp, ns);
181 			if (srv->sin_family == inp->sin_family &&
182 			    srv->sin_port == inp->sin_port &&
183 			    (srv->sin_addr.s_addr == INADDR_ANY ||
184 			     srv->sin_addr.s_addr == inp->sin_addr.s_addr))
185 				return (1);
186 		}
187 		break;
188 	case AF_INET6:
189 		if (EXT(statp).ext == NULL)
190 			break;
191 		in6p = (const struct sockaddr_in6 *)sa;
192 		for (ns = 0;  ns < statp->nscount;  ns++) {
193 			srv6 = (struct sockaddr_in6 *)get_nsaddr(statp, ns);
194 			if (srv6->sin6_family == in6p->sin6_family &&
195 			    srv6->sin6_port == in6p->sin6_port &&
196 #ifdef HAVE_SIN6_SCOPE_ID
197 			    (srv6->sin6_scope_id == 0 ||
198 			     srv6->sin6_scope_id == in6p->sin6_scope_id) &&
199 #endif
200 			    (IN6_IS_ADDR_UNSPECIFIED(&srv6->sin6_addr) ||
201 			     IN6_ARE_ADDR_EQUAL(&srv6->sin6_addr, &in6p->sin6_addr)))
202 				return (1);
203 		}
204 		break;
205 	default:
206 		break;
207 	}
208 	return (0);
209 }
210 
211 /*%
212  *	look for (name,type,class) in the query section of packet (buf,eom)
213  *
214  * requires:
215  *\li	buf + HFIXEDSZ <= eom
216  *
217  * returns:
218  *\li	-1 : format error
219  *\li	0  : not found
220  *\li	>0 : found
221  *
222  * author:
223  *\li	paul vixie, 29may94
224  */
225 int
226 res_nameinquery(const char *name, int type, int class,
227 		const u_char *buf, const u_char *eom)
228 {
229 	const u_char *cp = buf + HFIXEDSZ;
230 	int qdcount = ntohs(((const HEADER*)buf)->qdcount);
231 
232 	while (qdcount-- > 0) {
233 		char tname[MAXDNAME+1];
234 		int n, ttype, tclass;
235 
236 		n = dn_expand(buf, eom, cp, tname, sizeof tname);
237 		if (n < 0)
238 			return (-1);
239 		cp += n;
240 		if (cp + 2 * INT16SZ > eom)
241 			return (-1);
242 		ttype = ns_get16(cp); cp += INT16SZ;
243 		tclass = ns_get16(cp); cp += INT16SZ;
244 		if (ttype == type && tclass == class &&
245 		    ns_samename(tname, name) == 1)
246 			return (1);
247 	}
248 	return (0);
249 }
250 
251 /*%
252  *	is there a 1:1 mapping of (name,type,class)
253  *	in (buf1,eom1) and (buf2,eom2)?
254  *
255  * returns:
256  *\li	-1 : format error
257  *\li	0  : not a 1:1 mapping
258  *\li	>0 : is a 1:1 mapping
259  *
260  * author:
261  *\li	paul vixie, 29may94
262  */
263 int
264 res_queriesmatch(const u_char *buf1, const u_char *eom1,
265 		 const u_char *buf2, const u_char *eom2)
266 {
267 	const u_char *cp = buf1 + HFIXEDSZ;
268 	int qdcount = ntohs(((const HEADER*)buf1)->qdcount);
269 
270 	if (buf1 + HFIXEDSZ > eom1 || buf2 + HFIXEDSZ > eom2)
271 		return (-1);
272 
273 	/*
274 	 * Only header section present in replies to
275 	 * dynamic update packets.
276 	 */
277 	if ((((const HEADER *)buf1)->opcode == ns_o_update) &&
278 	    (((const HEADER *)buf2)->opcode == ns_o_update))
279 		return (1);
280 
281 	if (qdcount != ntohs(((const HEADER*)buf2)->qdcount))
282 		return (0);
283 	while (qdcount-- > 0) {
284 		char tname[MAXDNAME+1];
285 		int n, ttype, tclass;
286 
287 		n = dn_expand(buf1, eom1, cp, tname, sizeof tname);
288 		if (n < 0)
289 			return (-1);
290 		cp += n;
291 		if (cp + 2 * INT16SZ > eom1)
292 			return (-1);
293 		ttype = ns_get16(cp);	cp += INT16SZ;
294 		tclass = ns_get16(cp); cp += INT16SZ;
295 		if (!res_nameinquery(tname, ttype, tclass, buf2, eom2))
296 			return (0);
297 	}
298 	return (1);
299 }
300 
301 int
302 res_nsend(res_state statp,
303 	  const u_char *buf, int buflen, u_char *ans, int anssiz)
304 {
305 	int gotsomewhere, terrno, tries, v_circuit, resplen, ns, n;
306 #ifdef USE_KQUEUE
307 	int kq;
308 #endif
309 	char abuf[NI_MAXHOST];
310 
311 	/* No name servers or res_init() failure */
312 	if (statp->nscount == 0 || EXT(statp).ext == NULL) {
313 		errno = ESRCH;
314 		return (-1);
315 	}
316 	if (anssiz < HFIXEDSZ) {
317 		errno = EINVAL;
318 		return (-1);
319 	}
320 	DprintQ((statp->options & RES_DEBUG) || (statp->pfcode & RES_PRF_QUERY),
321 		(stdout, ";; res_send()\n"), buf, buflen);
322 	v_circuit = (statp->options & RES_USEVC) || buflen > PACKETSZ;
323 	gotsomewhere = 0;
324 	terrno = ETIMEDOUT;
325 
326 #ifdef USE_KQUEUE
327 	if ((kq = kqueue()) < 0) {
328 		Perror(statp, stderr, "kqueue", errno);
329 		return (-1);
330 	}
331 #endif
332 
333 	/*
334 	 * If the ns_addr_list in the resolver context has changed, then
335 	 * invalidate our cached copy and the associated timing data.
336 	 */
337 	if (EXT(statp).nscount != 0) {
338 		int needclose = 0;
339 		struct sockaddr_storage peer;
340 		ISC_SOCKLEN_T peerlen;
341 
342 		if (EXT(statp).nscount != statp->nscount)
343 			needclose++;
344 		else
345 			for (ns = 0; ns < statp->nscount; ns++) {
346 				if (statp->nsaddr_list[ns].sin_family &&
347 				    !sock_eq((struct sockaddr *)&statp->nsaddr_list[ns],
348 					     (struct sockaddr *)&EXT(statp).ext->nsaddrs[ns])) {
349 					needclose++;
350 					break;
351 				}
352 
353 				if (EXT(statp).nssocks[ns] == -1)
354 					continue;
355 				peerlen = sizeof(peer);
356 				if (_getsockname(EXT(statp).nssocks[ns],
357 				    (struct sockaddr *)&peer, &peerlen) < 0) {
358 					needclose++;
359 					break;
360 				}
361 				if (!sock_eq((struct sockaddr *)&peer,
362 				    get_nsaddr(statp, ns))) {
363 					needclose++;
364 					break;
365 				}
366 			}
367 		if (needclose) {
368 			res_nclose(statp);
369 			EXT(statp).nscount = 0;
370 		}
371 	}
372 
373 	/*
374 	 * Maybe initialize our private copy of the ns_addr_list.
375 	 */
376 	if (EXT(statp).nscount == 0) {
377 		for (ns = 0; ns < statp->nscount; ns++) {
378 			EXT(statp).nstimes[ns] = RES_MAXTIME;
379 			EXT(statp).nssocks[ns] = -1;
380 			if (!statp->nsaddr_list[ns].sin_family)
381 				continue;
382 			EXT(statp).ext->nsaddrs[ns].sin =
383 				 statp->nsaddr_list[ns];
384 		}
385 		EXT(statp).nscount = statp->nscount;
386 	}
387 
388 	/*
389 	 * Some resolvers want to even out the load on their nameservers.
390 	 * Note that RES_BLAST overrides RES_ROTATE.
391 	 */
392 	if ((statp->options & RES_ROTATE) != 0U &&
393 	    (statp->options & RES_BLAST) == 0U) {
394 		union res_sockaddr_union inu;
395 		struct sockaddr_in ina;
396 		int lastns = statp->nscount - 1;
397 		int fd;
398 		u_int16_t nstime;
399 
400 		if (EXT(statp).ext != NULL)
401 			inu = EXT(statp).ext->nsaddrs[0];
402 		ina = statp->nsaddr_list[0];
403 		fd = EXT(statp).nssocks[0];
404 		nstime = EXT(statp).nstimes[0];
405 		for (ns = 0; ns < lastns; ns++) {
406 			if (EXT(statp).ext != NULL)
407                                 EXT(statp).ext->nsaddrs[ns] =
408 					EXT(statp).ext->nsaddrs[ns + 1];
409 			statp->nsaddr_list[ns] = statp->nsaddr_list[ns + 1];
410 			EXT(statp).nssocks[ns] = EXT(statp).nssocks[ns + 1];
411 			EXT(statp).nstimes[ns] = EXT(statp).nstimes[ns + 1];
412 		}
413 		if (EXT(statp).ext != NULL)
414 			EXT(statp).ext->nsaddrs[lastns] = inu;
415 		statp->nsaddr_list[lastns] = ina;
416 		EXT(statp).nssocks[lastns] = fd;
417 		EXT(statp).nstimes[lastns] = nstime;
418 	}
419 
420 	/*
421 	 * Send request, RETRY times, or until successful.
422 	 */
423 	for (tries = 0; tries < statp->retry; tries++) {
424 	    for (ns = 0; ns < statp->nscount; ns++) {
425 		struct sockaddr *nsap;
426 		int nsaplen;
427 		nsap = get_nsaddr(statp, ns);
428 		nsaplen = get_salen(nsap);
429 		statp->_flags &= ~RES_F_LASTMASK;
430 		statp->_flags |= (ns << RES_F_LASTSHIFT);
431  same_ns:
432 		if (statp->qhook) {
433 			int done = 0, loops = 0;
434 
435 			do {
436 				res_sendhookact act;
437 
438 				act = (*statp->qhook)(&nsap, &buf, &buflen,
439 						      ans, anssiz, &resplen);
440 				switch (act) {
441 				case res_goahead:
442 					done = 1;
443 					break;
444 				case res_nextns:
445 					res_nclose(statp);
446 					goto next_ns;
447 				case res_done:
448 #ifdef USE_KQUEUE
449 					_close(kq);
450 #endif
451 					return (resplen);
452 				case res_modified:
453 					/* give the hook another try */
454 					if (++loops < 42) /*doug adams*/
455 						break;
456 					/*FALLTHROUGH*/
457 				case res_error:
458 					/*FALLTHROUGH*/
459 				default:
460 					goto fail;
461 				}
462 			} while (!done);
463 		}
464 
465 		Dprint(((statp->options & RES_DEBUG) &&
466 			getnameinfo(nsap, nsaplen, abuf, sizeof(abuf),
467 				    NULL, 0, niflags) == 0),
468 		       (stdout, ";; Querying server (# %d) address = %s\n",
469 			ns + 1, abuf));
470 
471 
472 		if (v_circuit) {
473 			/* Use VC; at most one attempt per server. */
474 			tries = statp->retry;
475 			n = send_vc(statp, buf, buflen, ans, anssiz, &terrno,
476 				    ns);
477 			if (n < 0)
478 				goto fail;
479 			if (n == 0)
480 				goto next_ns;
481 			resplen = n;
482 		} else {
483 			/* Use datagrams. */
484 			n = send_dg(statp,
485 #ifdef USE_KQUEUE
486 				    kq,
487 #endif
488 				    buf, buflen, ans, anssiz, &terrno,
489 				    ns, tries, &v_circuit, &gotsomewhere);
490 			if (n < 0)
491 				goto fail;
492 			if (n == 0)
493 				goto next_ns;
494 			if (v_circuit)
495 				goto same_ns;
496 			resplen = n;
497 		}
498 
499 		Dprint((statp->options & RES_DEBUG) ||
500 		       ((statp->pfcode & RES_PRF_REPLY) &&
501 			(statp->pfcode & RES_PRF_HEAD1)),
502 		       (stdout, ";; got answer:\n"));
503 
504 		DprintQ((statp->options & RES_DEBUG) ||
505 			(statp->pfcode & RES_PRF_REPLY),
506 			(stdout, "%s", ""),
507 			ans, (resplen > anssiz) ? anssiz : resplen);
508 
509 		/*
510 		 * If we have temporarily opened a virtual circuit,
511 		 * or if we haven't been asked to keep a socket open,
512 		 * close the socket.
513 		 */
514 		if ((v_circuit && (statp->options & RES_USEVC) == 0U) ||
515 		    (statp->options & RES_STAYOPEN) == 0U) {
516 			res_nclose(statp);
517 		}
518 		if (statp->rhook) {
519 			int done = 0, loops = 0;
520 
521 			do {
522 				res_sendhookact act;
523 
524 				act = (*statp->rhook)(nsap, buf, buflen,
525 						      ans, anssiz, &resplen);
526 				switch (act) {
527 				case res_goahead:
528 				case res_done:
529 					done = 1;
530 					break;
531 				case res_nextns:
532 					res_nclose(statp);
533 					goto next_ns;
534 				case res_modified:
535 					/* give the hook another try */
536 					if (++loops < 42) /*doug adams*/
537 						break;
538 					/*FALLTHROUGH*/
539 				case res_error:
540 					/*FALLTHROUGH*/
541 				default:
542 					goto fail;
543 				}
544 			} while (!done);
545 
546 		}
547 #ifdef USE_KQUEUE
548 		_close(kq);
549 #endif
550 		return (resplen);
551  next_ns: ;
552 	   } /*foreach ns*/
553 	} /*foreach retry*/
554 	res_nclose(statp);
555 #ifdef USE_KQUEUE
556 	_close(kq);
557 #endif
558 	if (!v_circuit) {
559 		if (!gotsomewhere)
560 			errno = ECONNREFUSED;	/*%< no nameservers found */
561 		else
562 			errno = ETIMEDOUT;	/*%< no answer obtained */
563 	} else
564 		errno = terrno;
565 	return (-1);
566  fail:
567 	res_nclose(statp);
568 #ifdef USE_KQUEUE
569 	_close(kq);
570 #endif
571 	return (-1);
572 }
573 
574 /* Private */
575 
576 static int
577 get_salen(sa)
578 	const struct sockaddr *sa;
579 {
580 
581 #ifdef HAVE_SA_LEN
582 	/* There are people do not set sa_len.  Be forgiving to them. */
583 	if (sa->sa_len)
584 		return (sa->sa_len);
585 #endif
586 
587 	if (sa->sa_family == AF_INET)
588 		return (sizeof(struct sockaddr_in));
589 	else if (sa->sa_family == AF_INET6)
590 		return (sizeof(struct sockaddr_in6));
591 	else
592 		return (0);	/*%< unknown, die on connect */
593 }
594 
595 /*%
596  * pick appropriate nsaddr_list for use.  see res_init() for initialization.
597  */
598 static struct sockaddr *
599 get_nsaddr(statp, n)
600 	res_state statp;
601 	size_t n;
602 {
603 
604 	if (!statp->nsaddr_list[n].sin_family && EXT(statp).ext) {
605 		/*
606 		 * - EXT(statp).ext->nsaddrs[n] holds an address that is larger
607 		 *   than struct sockaddr, and
608 		 * - user code did not update statp->nsaddr_list[n].
609 		 */
610 		return (struct sockaddr *)(void *)&EXT(statp).ext->nsaddrs[n];
611 	} else {
612 		/*
613 		 * - user code updated statp->nsaddr_list[n], or
614 		 * - statp->nsaddr_list[n] has the same content as
615 		 *   EXT(statp).ext->nsaddrs[n].
616 		 */
617 		return (struct sockaddr *)(void *)&statp->nsaddr_list[n];
618 	}
619 }
620 
621 static int
622 send_vc(res_state statp,
623 	const u_char *buf, int buflen, u_char *ans, int anssiz,
624 	int *terrno, int ns)
625 {
626 	const HEADER *hp = (const HEADER *) buf;
627 	HEADER *anhp = (HEADER *) ans;
628 	struct sockaddr *nsap;
629 	int nsaplen;
630 	int truncating, connreset, resplen, n;
631 	struct iovec iov[2];
632 	u_short len;
633 	u_char *cp;
634 	void *tmp;
635 #ifdef SO_NOSIGPIPE
636 	int on = 1;
637 #endif
638 
639 	nsap = get_nsaddr(statp, ns);
640 	nsaplen = get_salen(nsap);
641 
642 	connreset = 0;
643  same_ns:
644 	truncating = 0;
645 
646 	/* Are we still talking to whom we want to talk to? */
647 	if (statp->_vcsock >= 0 && (statp->_flags & RES_F_VC) != 0) {
648 		struct sockaddr_storage peer;
649 		ISC_SOCKLEN_T size = sizeof peer;
650 
651 		if (_getpeername(statp->_vcsock,
652 				(struct sockaddr *)&peer, &size) < 0 ||
653 		    !sock_eq((struct sockaddr *)&peer, nsap)) {
654 			res_nclose(statp);
655 			statp->_flags &= ~RES_F_VC;
656 		}
657 	}
658 
659 	if (statp->_vcsock < 0 || (statp->_flags & RES_F_VC) == 0) {
660 		if (statp->_vcsock >= 0)
661 			res_nclose(statp);
662 
663 		statp->_vcsock = _socket(nsap->sa_family, SOCK_STREAM, 0);
664 #if !defined(USE_POLL) && !defined(USE_KQUEUE)
665 		if (statp->_vcsock > highestFD) {
666 			res_nclose(statp);
667 			errno = ENOTSOCK;
668 		}
669 #endif
670 		if (statp->_vcsock < 0) {
671 			switch (errno) {
672 			case EPROTONOSUPPORT:
673 #ifdef EPFNOSUPPORT
674 			case EPFNOSUPPORT:
675 #endif
676 			case EAFNOSUPPORT:
677 				Perror(statp, stderr, "socket(vc)", errno);
678 				return (0);
679 			default:
680 				*terrno = errno;
681 				Perror(statp, stderr, "socket(vc)", errno);
682 				return (-1);
683 			}
684 		}
685 #ifdef SO_NOSIGPIPE
686 		/*
687 		 * Disable generation of SIGPIPE when writing to a closed
688 		 * socket.  Write should return -1 and set errno to EPIPE
689 		 * instead.
690 		 *
691 		 * Push on even if setsockopt(SO_NOSIGPIPE) fails.
692 		 */
693 		(void)_setsockopt(statp->_vcsock, SOL_SOCKET, SO_NOSIGPIPE, &on,
694 			         sizeof(on));
695 #endif
696 		errno = 0;
697 		if (_connect(statp->_vcsock, nsap, nsaplen) < 0) {
698 			*terrno = errno;
699 			Aerror(statp, stderr, "connect/vc", errno, nsap,
700 			    nsaplen);
701 			res_nclose(statp);
702 			return (0);
703 		}
704 		statp->_flags |= RES_F_VC;
705 	}
706 
707 	/*
708 	 * Send length & message
709 	 */
710 	ns_put16((u_short)buflen, (u_char*)&len);
711 	iov[0] = evConsIovec(&len, INT16SZ);
712 	DE_CONST(buf, tmp);
713 	iov[1] = evConsIovec(tmp, buflen);
714 	if (_writev(statp->_vcsock, iov, 2) != (INT16SZ + buflen)) {
715 		*terrno = errno;
716 		Perror(statp, stderr, "write failed", errno);
717 		res_nclose(statp);
718 		return (0);
719 	}
720 	/*
721 	 * Receive length & response
722 	 */
723  read_len:
724 	cp = ans;
725 	len = INT16SZ;
726 	while ((n = _read(statp->_vcsock, (char *)cp, (int)len)) > 0) {
727 		cp += n;
728 		if ((len -= n) == 0)
729 			break;
730 	}
731 	if (n <= 0) {
732 		*terrno = errno;
733 		Perror(statp, stderr, "read failed", errno);
734 		res_nclose(statp);
735 		/*
736 		 * A long running process might get its TCP
737 		 * connection reset if the remote server was
738 		 * restarted.  Requery the server instead of
739 		 * trying a new one.  When there is only one
740 		 * server, this means that a query might work
741 		 * instead of failing.  We only allow one reset
742 		 * per query to prevent looping.
743 		 */
744 		if (*terrno == ECONNRESET && !connreset) {
745 			connreset = 1;
746 			res_nclose(statp);
747 			goto same_ns;
748 		}
749 		res_nclose(statp);
750 		return (0);
751 	}
752 	resplen = ns_get16(ans);
753 	if (resplen > anssiz) {
754 		Dprint(statp->options & RES_DEBUG,
755 		       (stdout, ";; response truncated\n")
756 		       );
757 		truncating = 1;
758 		len = anssiz;
759 	} else
760 		len = resplen;
761 	if (len < HFIXEDSZ) {
762 		/*
763 		 * Undersized message.
764 		 */
765 		Dprint(statp->options & RES_DEBUG,
766 		       (stdout, ";; undersized: %d\n", len));
767 		*terrno = EMSGSIZE;
768 		res_nclose(statp);
769 		return (0);
770 	}
771 	cp = ans;
772 	while (len != 0 &&
773 	    (n = _read(statp->_vcsock, (char *)cp, (int)len)) > 0) {
774 		cp += n;
775 		len -= n;
776 	}
777 	if (n <= 0) {
778 		*terrno = errno;
779 		Perror(statp, stderr, "read(vc)", errno);
780 		res_nclose(statp);
781 		return (0);
782 	}
783 	if (truncating) {
784 		/*
785 		 * Flush rest of answer so connection stays in synch.
786 		 */
787 		anhp->tc = 1;
788 		len = resplen - anssiz;
789 		while (len != 0) {
790 			char junk[PACKETSZ];
791 
792 			n = _read(statp->_vcsock, junk,
793 			    (len > sizeof junk) ? sizeof junk : len);
794 			if (n > 0)
795 				len -= n;
796 			else
797 				break;
798 		}
799 	}
800 	/*
801 	 * If the calling applicating has bailed out of
802 	 * a previous call and failed to arrange to have
803 	 * the circuit closed or the server has got
804 	 * itself confused, then drop the packet and
805 	 * wait for the correct one.
806 	 */
807 	if (hp->id != anhp->id) {
808 		DprintQ((statp->options & RES_DEBUG) ||
809 			(statp->pfcode & RES_PRF_REPLY),
810 			(stdout, ";; old answer (unexpected):\n"),
811 			ans, (resplen > anssiz) ? anssiz: resplen);
812 		goto read_len;
813 	}
814 
815 	/*
816 	 * All is well, or the error is fatal.  Signal that the
817 	 * next nameserver ought not be tried.
818 	 */
819 	return (resplen);
820 }
821 
822 static int
823 send_dg(res_state statp,
824 #ifdef USE_KQUEUE
825 	int kq,
826 #endif
827 	const u_char *buf, int buflen, u_char *ans,
828 	int anssiz, int *terrno, int ns, int tries, int *v_circuit,
829 	int *gotsomewhere)
830 {
831 	const HEADER *hp = (const HEADER *) buf;
832 	HEADER *anhp = (HEADER *) ans;
833 	const struct sockaddr *nsap;
834 	int nsaplen;
835 	struct timespec now, timeout, finish;
836 	struct sockaddr_storage from;
837 	ISC_SOCKLEN_T fromlen;
838 	int resplen, seconds, n, s;
839 #ifdef USE_KQUEUE
840 	struct kevent kv;
841 #else
842 #ifdef USE_POLL
843 	int     polltimeout;
844 	struct pollfd   pollfd;
845 #else
846 	fd_set dsmask;
847 #endif
848 #endif
849 
850 	nsap = get_nsaddr(statp, ns);
851 	nsaplen = get_salen(nsap);
852 	if (EXT(statp).nssocks[ns] == -1) {
853 		EXT(statp).nssocks[ns] = _socket(nsap->sa_family,
854 		    SOCK_DGRAM, 0);
855 #if !defined(USE_POLL) && !defined(USE_KQUEUE)
856 		if (EXT(statp).nssocks[ns] > highestFD) {
857 			res_nclose(statp);
858 			errno = ENOTSOCK;
859 		}
860 #endif
861 		if (EXT(statp).nssocks[ns] < 0) {
862 			switch (errno) {
863 			case EPROTONOSUPPORT:
864 #ifdef EPFNOSUPPORT
865 			case EPFNOSUPPORT:
866 #endif
867 			case EAFNOSUPPORT:
868 				Perror(statp, stderr, "socket(dg)", errno);
869 				return (0);
870 			default:
871 				*terrno = errno;
872 				Perror(statp, stderr, "socket(dg)", errno);
873 				return (-1);
874 			}
875 		}
876 #ifndef CANNOT_CONNECT_DGRAM
877 		/*
878 		 * On a 4.3BSD+ machine (client and server,
879 		 * actually), sending to a nameserver datagram
880 		 * port with no nameserver will cause an
881 		 * ICMP port unreachable message to be returned.
882 		 * If our datagram socket is "connected" to the
883 		 * server, we get an ECONNREFUSED error on the next
884 		 * socket operation, and select returns if the
885 		 * error message is received.  We can thus detect
886 		 * the absence of a nameserver without timing out.
887 		 *
888 		 * When the option "insecure1" is specified, we'd
889 		 * rather expect to see responses from an "unknown"
890 		 * address.  In order to let the kernel accept such
891 		 * responses, do not connect the socket here.
892 		 * XXX: or do we need an explicit option to disable
893 		 * connecting?
894 		 */
895 		if (!(statp->options & RES_INSECURE1) &&
896 		    _connect(EXT(statp).nssocks[ns], nsap, nsaplen) < 0) {
897 			Aerror(statp, stderr, "connect(dg)", errno, nsap,
898 			    nsaplen);
899 			res_nclose(statp);
900 			return (0);
901 		}
902 #endif /* !CANNOT_CONNECT_DGRAM */
903 		Dprint(statp->options & RES_DEBUG,
904 		       (stdout, ";; new DG socket\n"))
905 	}
906 	s = EXT(statp).nssocks[ns];
907 #ifndef CANNOT_CONNECT_DGRAM
908 	if (statp->options & RES_INSECURE1) {
909 		if (_sendto(s,
910 		    (const char*)buf, buflen, 0, nsap, nsaplen) != buflen) {
911 			Aerror(statp, stderr, "sendto", errno, nsap, nsaplen);
912 			res_nclose(statp);
913 			return (0);
914 		}
915 	} else if (send(s, (const char*)buf, buflen, 0) != buflen) {
916 		Perror(statp, stderr, "send", errno);
917 		res_nclose(statp);
918 		return (0);
919 	}
920 #else /* !CANNOT_CONNECT_DGRAM */
921 	if (_sendto(s, (const char*)buf, buflen, 0, nsap, nsaplen) != buflen)
922 	{
923 		Aerror(statp, stderr, "sendto", errno, nsap, nsaplen);
924 		res_nclose(statp);
925 		return (0);
926 	}
927 #endif /* !CANNOT_CONNECT_DGRAM */
928 
929 	/*
930 	 * Wait for reply.
931 	 */
932 	seconds = (statp->retrans << tries);
933 	if (ns > 0)
934 		seconds /= statp->nscount;
935 	if (seconds <= 0)
936 		seconds = 1;
937 	now = evNowTime();
938 	timeout = evConsTime(seconds, 0);
939 	finish = evAddTime(now, timeout);
940 	goto nonow;
941  wait:
942 	now = evNowTime();
943  nonow:
944 #ifndef USE_POLL
945 	if (evCmpTime(finish, now) > 0)
946 		timeout = evSubTime(finish, now);
947 	else
948 		timeout = evConsTime(0, 0);
949 #ifdef USE_KQUEUE
950 	EV_SET(&kv, s, EVFILT_READ, EV_ADD | EV_ONESHOT, 0, 0, 0);
951 	n = _kevent(kq, &kv, 1, &kv, 1, &timeout);
952 #else
953 	FD_ZERO(&dsmask);
954 	FD_SET(s, &dsmask);
955 	n = pselect(s + 1, &dsmask, NULL, NULL, &timeout, NULL);
956 #endif
957 #else
958 	timeout = evSubTime(finish, now);
959 	if (timeout.tv_sec < 0)
960 		timeout = evConsTime(0, 0);
961 	polltimeout = 1000*timeout.tv_sec +
962 		timeout.tv_nsec/1000000;
963 	pollfd.fd = s;
964 	pollfd.events = POLLRDNORM;
965 	n = poll(&pollfd, 1, polltimeout);
966 #endif /* USE_POLL */
967 
968 	if (n == 0) {
969 		Dprint(statp->options & RES_DEBUG, (stdout, ";; timeout\n"));
970 		*gotsomewhere = 1;
971 		return (0);
972 	}
973 	if (n < 0) {
974 		if (errno == EINTR)
975 			goto wait;
976 #ifdef USE_KQUEUE
977 		Perror(statp, stderr, "kevent", errno);
978 #else
979 #ifndef USE_POLL
980 		Perror(statp, stderr, "select", errno);
981 #else
982 		Perror(statp, stderr, "poll", errno);
983 #endif /* USE_POLL */
984 #endif
985 		res_nclose(statp);
986 		return (0);
987 	}
988 #ifdef USE_KQUEUE
989 	if (kv.ident != s)
990 		goto wait;
991 #endif
992 	errno = 0;
993 	fromlen = sizeof(from);
994 	resplen = _recvfrom(s, (char*)ans, anssiz,0,
995 			   (struct sockaddr *)&from, &fromlen);
996 	if (resplen <= 0) {
997 		Perror(statp, stderr, "recvfrom", errno);
998 		res_nclose(statp);
999 		return (0);
1000 	}
1001 	*gotsomewhere = 1;
1002 	if (resplen < HFIXEDSZ) {
1003 		/*
1004 		 * Undersized message.
1005 		 */
1006 		Dprint(statp->options & RES_DEBUG,
1007 		       (stdout, ";; undersized: %d\n",
1008 			resplen));
1009 		*terrno = EMSGSIZE;
1010 		res_nclose(statp);
1011 		return (0);
1012 	}
1013 	if (hp->id != anhp->id) {
1014 		/*
1015 		 * response from old query, ignore it.
1016 		 * XXX - potential security hazard could
1017 		 *	 be detected here.
1018 		 */
1019 		DprintQ((statp->options & RES_DEBUG) ||
1020 			(statp->pfcode & RES_PRF_REPLY),
1021 			(stdout, ";; old answer:\n"),
1022 			ans, (resplen > anssiz) ? anssiz : resplen);
1023 		goto wait;
1024 	}
1025 	if (!(statp->options & RES_INSECURE1) &&
1026 	    !res_ourserver_p(statp, (struct sockaddr *)&from)) {
1027 		/*
1028 		 * response from wrong server? ignore it.
1029 		 * XXX - potential security hazard could
1030 		 *	 be detected here.
1031 		 */
1032 		DprintQ((statp->options & RES_DEBUG) ||
1033 			(statp->pfcode & RES_PRF_REPLY),
1034 			(stdout, ";; not our server:\n"),
1035 			ans, (resplen > anssiz) ? anssiz : resplen);
1036 		goto wait;
1037 	}
1038 #ifdef RES_USE_EDNS0
1039 	if (anhp->rcode == FORMERR && (statp->options & RES_USE_EDNS0) != 0U) {
1040 		/*
1041 		 * Do not retry if the server do not understand EDNS0.
1042 		 * The case has to be captured here, as FORMERR packet do not
1043 		 * carry query section, hence res_queriesmatch() returns 0.
1044 		 */
1045 		DprintQ(statp->options & RES_DEBUG,
1046 			(stdout, "server rejected query with EDNS0:\n"),
1047 			ans, (resplen > anssiz) ? anssiz : resplen);
1048 		/* record the error */
1049 		statp->_flags |= RES_F_EDNS0ERR;
1050 		res_nclose(statp);
1051 		return (0);
1052 	}
1053 #endif
1054 	if (!(statp->options & RES_INSECURE2) &&
1055 	    !res_queriesmatch(buf, buf + buflen,
1056 			      ans, ans + anssiz)) {
1057 		/*
1058 		 * response contains wrong query? ignore it.
1059 		 * XXX - potential security hazard could
1060 		 *	 be detected here.
1061 		 */
1062 		DprintQ((statp->options & RES_DEBUG) ||
1063 			(statp->pfcode & RES_PRF_REPLY),
1064 			(stdout, ";; wrong query name:\n"),
1065 			ans, (resplen > anssiz) ? anssiz : resplen);
1066 		goto wait;
1067 	}
1068 	if (anhp->rcode == SERVFAIL ||
1069 	    anhp->rcode == NOTIMP ||
1070 	    anhp->rcode == REFUSED) {
1071 		DprintQ(statp->options & RES_DEBUG,
1072 			(stdout, "server rejected query:\n"),
1073 			ans, (resplen > anssiz) ? anssiz : resplen);
1074 		res_nclose(statp);
1075 		/* don't retry if called from dig */
1076 		if (!statp->pfcode)
1077 			return (0);
1078 	}
1079 	if (!(statp->options & RES_IGNTC) && anhp->tc) {
1080 		/*
1081 		 * To get the rest of answer,
1082 		 * use TCP with same server.
1083 		 */
1084 		Dprint(statp->options & RES_DEBUG,
1085 		       (stdout, ";; truncated answer\n"));
1086 		*v_circuit = 1;
1087 		res_nclose(statp);
1088 		return (1);
1089 	}
1090 	/*
1091 	 * All is well, or the error is fatal.  Signal that the
1092 	 * next nameserver ought not be tried.
1093 	 */
1094 	return (resplen);
1095 }
1096 
1097 static void
1098 Aerror(const res_state statp, FILE *file, const char *string, int error,
1099        const struct sockaddr *address, int alen)
1100 {
1101 	int save = errno;
1102 	char hbuf[NI_MAXHOST];
1103 	char sbuf[NI_MAXSERV];
1104 
1105 	if ((statp->options & RES_DEBUG) != 0U) {
1106 		if (getnameinfo(address, alen, hbuf, sizeof(hbuf),
1107 		    sbuf, sizeof(sbuf), niflags)) {
1108 			strncpy(hbuf, "?", sizeof(hbuf) - 1);
1109 			hbuf[sizeof(hbuf) - 1] = '\0';
1110 			strncpy(sbuf, "?", sizeof(sbuf) - 1);
1111 			sbuf[sizeof(sbuf) - 1] = '\0';
1112 		}
1113 		fprintf(file, "res_send: %s ([%s].%s): %s\n",
1114 			string, hbuf, sbuf, strerror(error));
1115 	}
1116 	errno = save;
1117 }
1118 
1119 static void
1120 Perror(const res_state statp, FILE *file, const char *string, int error) {
1121 	int save = errno;
1122 
1123 	if ((statp->options & RES_DEBUG) != 0U)
1124 		fprintf(file, "res_send: %s: %s\n",
1125 			string, strerror(error));
1126 	errno = save;
1127 }
1128 
1129 static int
1130 sock_eq(struct sockaddr *a, struct sockaddr *b) {
1131 	struct sockaddr_in *a4, *b4;
1132 	struct sockaddr_in6 *a6, *b6;
1133 
1134 	if (a->sa_family != b->sa_family)
1135 		return 0;
1136 	switch (a->sa_family) {
1137 	case AF_INET:
1138 		a4 = (struct sockaddr_in *)a;
1139 		b4 = (struct sockaddr_in *)b;
1140 		return a4->sin_port == b4->sin_port &&
1141 		    a4->sin_addr.s_addr == b4->sin_addr.s_addr;
1142 	case AF_INET6:
1143 		a6 = (struct sockaddr_in6 *)a;
1144 		b6 = (struct sockaddr_in6 *)b;
1145 		return a6->sin6_port == b6->sin6_port &&
1146 #ifdef HAVE_SIN6_SCOPE_ID
1147 		    a6->sin6_scope_id == b6->sin6_scope_id &&
1148 #endif
1149 		    IN6_ARE_ADDR_EQUAL(&a6->sin6_addr, &b6->sin6_addr);
1150 	default:
1151 		return 0;
1152 	}
1153 }
1154 
1155 #if defined(NEED_PSELECT) && !defined(USE_POLL) && !defined(USE_KQUEUE)
1156 /* XXX needs to move to the porting library. */
1157 static int
1158 pselect(int nfds, void *rfds, void *wfds, void *efds,
1159 	struct timespec *tsp, const sigset_t *sigmask)
1160 {
1161 	struct timeval tv, *tvp;
1162 	sigset_t sigs;
1163 	int n;
1164 
1165 	if (tsp) {
1166 		tvp = &tv;
1167 		tv = evTimeVal(*tsp);
1168 	} else
1169 		tvp = NULL;
1170 	if (sigmask)
1171 		sigprocmask(SIG_SETMASK, sigmask, &sigs);
1172 	n = select(nfds, rfds, wfds, efds, tvp);
1173 	if (sigmask)
1174 		sigprocmask(SIG_SETMASK, &sigs, NULL);
1175 	if (tsp)
1176 		*tsp = evTimeSpec(tv);
1177 	return (n);
1178 }
1179 #endif
1180