xref: /freebsd/lib/libc/resolv/res_send.c (revision 9034852c84a13f0e3b5527e1c886ca94b2863b2b)
1 /*
2  * Portions Copyright (C) 2004-2009  Internet Systems Consortium, Inc. ("ISC")
3  * Portions Copyright (C) 1996-2003  Internet Software Consortium.
4  *
5  * Permission to use, copy, modify, and/or distribute this software for any
6  * purpose with or without fee is hereby granted, provided that the above
7  * copyright notice and this permission notice appear in all copies.
8  *
9  * THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED "AS IS" AND ISC DISCLAIMS ALL WARRANTIES WITH
10  * REGARD TO THIS SOFTWARE INCLUDING ALL IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY
11  * AND FITNESS.  IN NO EVENT SHALL ISC BE LIABLE FOR ANY SPECIAL, DIRECT,
12  * INDIRECT, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES OR ANY DAMAGES WHATSOEVER RESULTING FROM
13  * LOSS OF USE, DATA OR PROFITS, WHETHER IN AN ACTION OF CONTRACT, NEGLIGENCE
14  * OR OTHER TORTIOUS ACTION, ARISING OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE USE OR
15  * PERFORMANCE OF THIS SOFTWARE.
16  */
17 
18 /*
19  * Copyright (c) 1985, 1989, 1993
20  *    The Regents of the University of California.  All rights reserved.
21  *
22  * Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
23  * modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions
24  * are met:
25  * 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
26  *    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
27  * 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright
28  *    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the
29  *    documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
30  * 4. Neither the name of the University nor the names of its contributors
31  *    may be used to endorse or promote products derived from this software
32  *    without specific prior written permission.
33  *
34  * THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE REGENTS AND CONTRIBUTORS ``AS IS'' AND
35  * ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE
36  * IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE
37  * ARE DISCLAIMED.  IN NO EVENT SHALL THE REGENTS OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE
38  * FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL
39  * DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS
40  * OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION)
41  * HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT
42  * LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY
43  * OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF
44  * SUCH DAMAGE.
45  */
46 
47 /*
48  * Portions Copyright (c) 1993 by Digital Equipment Corporation.
49  *
50  * Permission to use, copy, modify, and distribute this software for any
51  * purpose with or without fee is hereby granted, provided that the above
52  * copyright notice and this permission notice appear in all copies, and that
53  * the name of Digital Equipment Corporation not be used in advertising or
54  * publicity pertaining to distribution of the document or software without
55  * specific, written prior permission.
56  *
57  * THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED "AS IS" AND DIGITAL EQUIPMENT CORP. DISCLAIMS ALL
58  * WARRANTIES WITH REGARD TO THIS SOFTWARE, INCLUDING ALL IMPLIED WARRANTIES
59  * OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS.   IN NO EVENT SHALL DIGITAL EQUIPMENT
60  * CORPORATION BE LIABLE FOR ANY SPECIAL, DIRECT, INDIRECT, OR CONSEQUENTIAL
61  * DAMAGES OR ANY DAMAGES WHATSOEVER RESULTING FROM LOSS OF USE, DATA OR
62  * PROFITS, WHETHER IN AN ACTION OF CONTRACT, NEGLIGENCE OR OTHER TORTIOUS
63  * ACTION, ARISING OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE USE OR PERFORMANCE OF THIS
64  * SOFTWARE.
65  */
66 
67 #if defined(LIBC_SCCS) && !defined(lint)
68 static const char sccsid[] = "@(#)res_send.c	8.1 (Berkeley) 6/4/93";
69 static const char rcsid[] = "$Id: res_send.c,v 1.22 2009/01/22 23:49:23 tbox Exp $";
70 #endif /* LIBC_SCCS and not lint */
71 #include <sys/cdefs.h>
72 __FBSDID("$FreeBSD$");
73 
74 /*! \file
75  * \brief
76  * Send query to name server and wait for reply.
77  */
78 
79 #include "port_before.h"
80 #if !defined(USE_KQUEUE) && !defined(USE_POLL)
81 #include "fd_setsize.h"
82 #endif
83 
84 #include "namespace.h"
85 #include <sys/types.h>
86 #include <sys/param.h>
87 #include <sys/time.h>
88 #include <sys/socket.h>
89 #include <sys/uio.h>
90 
91 #include <netinet/in.h>
92 #include <arpa/nameser.h>
93 #include <arpa/inet.h>
94 
95 #include <errno.h>
96 #include <netdb.h>
97 #include <resolv.h>
98 #include <signal.h>
99 #include <stdio.h>
100 #include <stdlib.h>
101 #include <string.h>
102 #include <unistd.h>
103 
104 #include <isc/eventlib.h>
105 
106 #include "port_after.h"
107 
108 #ifdef USE_KQUEUE
109 #include <sys/event.h>
110 #else
111 #ifdef USE_POLL
112 #ifdef HAVE_STROPTS_H
113 #include <stropts.h>
114 #endif
115 #include <poll.h>
116 #endif /* USE_POLL */
117 #endif
118 
119 #include "un-namespace.h"
120 
121 /* Options.  Leave them on. */
122 #define DEBUG
123 #include "res_debug.h"
124 #include "res_private.h"
125 
126 #define EXT(res) ((res)->_u._ext)
127 
128 #if !defined(USE_POLL) && !defined(USE_KQUEUE)
129 static const int highestFD = FD_SETSIZE - 1;
130 #endif
131 
132 /* Forward. */
133 
134 static int		get_salen(const struct sockaddr *);
135 static struct sockaddr * get_nsaddr(res_state, size_t);
136 static int		send_vc(res_state, const u_char *, int,
137 				u_char *, int, int *, int);
138 static int		send_dg(res_state,
139 #ifdef USE_KQUEUE
140 				int kq,
141 #endif
142 				const u_char *, int,
143 				u_char *, int, int *, int, int,
144 				int *, int *);
145 static void		Aerror(const res_state, FILE *, const char *, int,
146 			       const struct sockaddr *, int);
147 static void		Perror(const res_state, FILE *, const char *, int);
148 static int		sock_eq(struct sockaddr *, struct sockaddr *);
149 #if defined(NEED_PSELECT) && !defined(USE_POLL) && !defined(USE_KQUEUE)
150 static int		pselect(int, void *, void *, void *,
151 				struct timespec *,
152 				const sigset_t *);
153 #endif
154 void res_pquery(const res_state, const u_char *, int, FILE *);
155 
156 static const int niflags = NI_NUMERICHOST | NI_NUMERICSERV;
157 
158 /* Public. */
159 
160 /*%
161  *	looks up "ina" in _res.ns_addr_list[]
162  *
163  * returns:
164  *\li	0  : not found
165  *\li	>0 : found
166  *
167  * author:
168  *\li	paul vixie, 29may94
169  */
170 int
171 res_ourserver_p(const res_state statp, const struct sockaddr *sa) {
172 	const struct sockaddr_in *inp, *srv;
173 	const struct sockaddr_in6 *in6p, *srv6;
174 	int ns;
175 
176 	switch (sa->sa_family) {
177 	case AF_INET:
178 		inp = (const struct sockaddr_in *)sa;
179 		for (ns = 0;  ns < statp->nscount;  ns++) {
180 			srv = (struct sockaddr_in *)get_nsaddr(statp, ns);
181 			if (srv->sin_family == inp->sin_family &&
182 			    srv->sin_port == inp->sin_port &&
183 			    (srv->sin_addr.s_addr == INADDR_ANY ||
184 			     srv->sin_addr.s_addr == inp->sin_addr.s_addr))
185 				return (1);
186 		}
187 		break;
188 	case AF_INET6:
189 		if (EXT(statp).ext == NULL)
190 			break;
191 		in6p = (const struct sockaddr_in6 *)sa;
192 		for (ns = 0;  ns < statp->nscount;  ns++) {
193 			srv6 = (struct sockaddr_in6 *)get_nsaddr(statp, ns);
194 			if (srv6->sin6_family == in6p->sin6_family &&
195 			    srv6->sin6_port == in6p->sin6_port &&
196 #ifdef HAVE_SIN6_SCOPE_ID
197 			    (srv6->sin6_scope_id == 0 ||
198 			     srv6->sin6_scope_id == in6p->sin6_scope_id) &&
199 #endif
200 			    (IN6_IS_ADDR_UNSPECIFIED(&srv6->sin6_addr) ||
201 			     IN6_ARE_ADDR_EQUAL(&srv6->sin6_addr, &in6p->sin6_addr)))
202 				return (1);
203 		}
204 		break;
205 	default:
206 		break;
207 	}
208 	return (0);
209 }
210 
211 /*%
212  *	look for (name,type,class) in the query section of packet (buf,eom)
213  *
214  * requires:
215  *\li	buf + HFIXEDSZ <= eom
216  *
217  * returns:
218  *\li	-1 : format error
219  *\li	0  : not found
220  *\li	>0 : found
221  *
222  * author:
223  *\li	paul vixie, 29may94
224  */
225 int
226 res_nameinquery(const char *name, int type, int class,
227 		const u_char *buf, const u_char *eom)
228 {
229 	const u_char *cp = buf + HFIXEDSZ;
230 	int qdcount = ntohs(((const HEADER*)buf)->qdcount);
231 
232 	while (qdcount-- > 0) {
233 		char tname[MAXDNAME+1];
234 		int n, ttype, tclass;
235 
236 		n = dn_expand(buf, eom, cp, tname, sizeof tname);
237 		if (n < 0)
238 			return (-1);
239 		cp += n;
240 		if (cp + 2 * INT16SZ > eom)
241 			return (-1);
242 		ttype = ns_get16(cp); cp += INT16SZ;
243 		tclass = ns_get16(cp); cp += INT16SZ;
244 		if (ttype == type && tclass == class &&
245 		    ns_samename(tname, name) == 1)
246 			return (1);
247 	}
248 	return (0);
249 }
250 
251 /*%
252  *	is there a 1:1 mapping of (name,type,class)
253  *	in (buf1,eom1) and (buf2,eom2)?
254  *
255  * returns:
256  *\li	-1 : format error
257  *\li	0  : not a 1:1 mapping
258  *\li	>0 : is a 1:1 mapping
259  *
260  * author:
261  *\li	paul vixie, 29may94
262  */
263 int
264 res_queriesmatch(const u_char *buf1, const u_char *eom1,
265 		 const u_char *buf2, const u_char *eom2)
266 {
267 	const u_char *cp = buf1 + HFIXEDSZ;
268 	int qdcount = ntohs(((const HEADER*)buf1)->qdcount);
269 
270 	if (buf1 + HFIXEDSZ > eom1 || buf2 + HFIXEDSZ > eom2)
271 		return (-1);
272 
273 	/*
274 	 * Only header section present in replies to
275 	 * dynamic update packets.
276 	 */
277 	if ((((const HEADER *)buf1)->opcode == ns_o_update) &&
278 	    (((const HEADER *)buf2)->opcode == ns_o_update))
279 		return (1);
280 
281 	if (qdcount != ntohs(((const HEADER*)buf2)->qdcount))
282 		return (0);
283 	while (qdcount-- > 0) {
284 		char tname[MAXDNAME+1];
285 		int n, ttype, tclass;
286 
287 		n = dn_expand(buf1, eom1, cp, tname, sizeof tname);
288 		if (n < 0)
289 			return (-1);
290 		cp += n;
291 		if (cp + 2 * INT16SZ > eom1)
292 			return (-1);
293 		ttype = ns_get16(cp);	cp += INT16SZ;
294 		tclass = ns_get16(cp); cp += INT16SZ;
295 		if (!res_nameinquery(tname, ttype, tclass, buf2, eom2))
296 			return (0);
297 	}
298 	return (1);
299 }
300 
301 int
302 res_nsend(res_state statp,
303 	  const u_char *buf, int buflen, u_char *ans, int anssiz)
304 {
305 	int gotsomewhere, terrno, tries, v_circuit, resplen, ns, n;
306 #ifdef USE_KQUEUE
307 	int kq;
308 #endif
309 	char abuf[NI_MAXHOST];
310 
311 	/* No name servers or res_init() failure */
312 	if (statp->nscount == 0 || EXT(statp).ext == NULL) {
313 		errno = ESRCH;
314 		return (-1);
315 	}
316 	if (anssiz < HFIXEDSZ) {
317 		errno = EINVAL;
318 		return (-1);
319 	}
320 	DprintQ((statp->options & RES_DEBUG) || (statp->pfcode & RES_PRF_QUERY),
321 		(stdout, ";; res_send()\n"), buf, buflen);
322 	v_circuit = (statp->options & RES_USEVC) || buflen > PACKETSZ;
323 	gotsomewhere = 0;
324 	terrno = ETIMEDOUT;
325 
326 #ifdef USE_KQUEUE
327 	if ((kq = kqueue()) < 0) {
328 		Perror(statp, stderr, "kqueue", errno);
329 		return (-1);
330 	}
331 #endif
332 
333 	/*
334 	 * If the ns_addr_list in the resolver context has changed, then
335 	 * invalidate our cached copy and the associated timing data.
336 	 */
337 	if (EXT(statp).nscount != 0) {
338 		int needclose = 0;
339 		struct sockaddr_storage peer;
340 		ISC_SOCKLEN_T peerlen;
341 
342 		if (EXT(statp).nscount != statp->nscount)
343 			needclose++;
344 		else
345 			for (ns = 0; ns < statp->nscount; ns++) {
346 				if (statp->nsaddr_list[ns].sin_family &&
347 				    !sock_eq((struct sockaddr *)&statp->nsaddr_list[ns],
348 					     (struct sockaddr *)&EXT(statp).ext->nsaddrs[ns])) {
349 					needclose++;
350 					break;
351 				}
352 
353 				if (EXT(statp).nssocks[ns] == -1)
354 					continue;
355 				peerlen = sizeof(peer);
356 				if (_getpeername(EXT(statp).nssocks[ns],
357 				    (struct sockaddr *)&peer, &peerlen) < 0) {
358 					needclose++;
359 					break;
360 				}
361 				if (!sock_eq((struct sockaddr *)&peer,
362 				    get_nsaddr(statp, ns))) {
363 					needclose++;
364 					break;
365 				}
366 			}
367 		if (needclose) {
368 			res_nclose(statp);
369 			EXT(statp).nscount = 0;
370 		}
371 	}
372 
373 	/*
374 	 * Maybe initialize our private copy of the ns_addr_list.
375 	 */
376 	if (EXT(statp).nscount == 0) {
377 		for (ns = 0; ns < statp->nscount; ns++) {
378 			EXT(statp).nstimes[ns] = RES_MAXTIME;
379 			EXT(statp).nssocks[ns] = -1;
380 			if (!statp->nsaddr_list[ns].sin_family)
381 				continue;
382 			EXT(statp).ext->nsaddrs[ns].sin =
383 				 statp->nsaddr_list[ns];
384 		}
385 		EXT(statp).nscount = statp->nscount;
386 	}
387 
388 	/*
389 	 * Some resolvers want to even out the load on their nameservers.
390 	 * Note that RES_BLAST overrides RES_ROTATE.
391 	 */
392 	if ((statp->options & RES_ROTATE) != 0U &&
393 	    (statp->options & RES_BLAST) == 0U) {
394 		union res_sockaddr_union inu;
395 		struct sockaddr_in ina;
396 		int lastns = statp->nscount - 1;
397 		int fd;
398 		u_int16_t nstime;
399 
400 		if (EXT(statp).ext != NULL)
401 			inu = EXT(statp).ext->nsaddrs[0];
402 		ina = statp->nsaddr_list[0];
403 		fd = EXT(statp).nssocks[0];
404 		nstime = EXT(statp).nstimes[0];
405 		for (ns = 0; ns < lastns; ns++) {
406 			if (EXT(statp).ext != NULL)
407 				EXT(statp).ext->nsaddrs[ns] =
408 					EXT(statp).ext->nsaddrs[ns + 1];
409 			statp->nsaddr_list[ns] = statp->nsaddr_list[ns + 1];
410 			EXT(statp).nssocks[ns] = EXT(statp).nssocks[ns + 1];
411 			EXT(statp).nstimes[ns] = EXT(statp).nstimes[ns + 1];
412 		}
413 		if (EXT(statp).ext != NULL)
414 			EXT(statp).ext->nsaddrs[lastns] = inu;
415 		statp->nsaddr_list[lastns] = ina;
416 		EXT(statp).nssocks[lastns] = fd;
417 		EXT(statp).nstimes[lastns] = nstime;
418 	}
419 
420 	/*
421 	 * Send request, RETRY times, or until successful.
422 	 */
423 	for (tries = 0; tries < statp->retry; tries++) {
424 	    for (ns = 0; ns < statp->nscount; ns++) {
425 		struct sockaddr *nsap;
426 		int nsaplen;
427 		nsap = get_nsaddr(statp, ns);
428 		nsaplen = get_salen(nsap);
429 		statp->_flags &= ~RES_F_LASTMASK;
430 		statp->_flags |= (ns << RES_F_LASTSHIFT);
431  same_ns:
432 		if (statp->qhook) {
433 			int done = 0, loops = 0;
434 
435 			do {
436 				res_sendhookact act;
437 
438 				act = (*statp->qhook)(&nsap, &buf, &buflen,
439 						      ans, anssiz, &resplen);
440 				switch (act) {
441 				case res_goahead:
442 					done = 1;
443 					break;
444 				case res_nextns:
445 					res_nclose(statp);
446 					goto next_ns;
447 				case res_done:
448 #ifdef USE_KQUEUE
449 					_close(kq);
450 #endif
451 					return (resplen);
452 				case res_modified:
453 					/* give the hook another try */
454 					if (++loops < 42) /*doug adams*/
455 						break;
456 					/*FALLTHROUGH*/
457 				case res_error:
458 					/*FALLTHROUGH*/
459 				default:
460 					goto fail;
461 				}
462 			} while (!done);
463 		}
464 
465 		Dprint(((statp->options & RES_DEBUG) &&
466 			getnameinfo(nsap, nsaplen, abuf, sizeof(abuf),
467 				    NULL, 0, niflags) == 0),
468 		       (stdout, ";; Querying server (# %d) address = %s\n",
469 			ns + 1, abuf));
470 
471 
472 		if (v_circuit) {
473 			/* Use VC; at most one attempt per server. */
474 			tries = statp->retry;
475 			n = send_vc(statp, buf, buflen, ans, anssiz, &terrno,
476 				    ns);
477 			if (n < 0)
478 				goto fail;
479 			if (n == 0)
480 				goto next_ns;
481 			resplen = n;
482 		} else {
483 			/* Use datagrams. */
484 			n = send_dg(statp,
485 #ifdef USE_KQUEUE
486 				    kq,
487 #endif
488 				    buf, buflen, ans, anssiz, &terrno,
489 				    ns, tries, &v_circuit, &gotsomewhere);
490 			if (n < 0)
491 				goto fail;
492 			if (n == 0)
493 				goto next_ns;
494 			if (v_circuit)
495 				goto same_ns;
496 			resplen = n;
497 		}
498 
499 		Dprint((statp->options & RES_DEBUG) ||
500 		       ((statp->pfcode & RES_PRF_REPLY) &&
501 			(statp->pfcode & RES_PRF_HEAD1)),
502 		       (stdout, ";; got answer:\n"));
503 
504 		DprintQ((statp->options & RES_DEBUG) ||
505 			(statp->pfcode & RES_PRF_REPLY),
506 			(stdout, "%s", ""),
507 			ans, (resplen > anssiz) ? anssiz : resplen);
508 
509 		/*
510 		 * If we have temporarily opened a virtual circuit,
511 		 * or if we haven't been asked to keep a socket open,
512 		 * close the socket.
513 		 */
514 		if ((v_circuit && (statp->options & RES_USEVC) == 0U) ||
515 		    (statp->options & RES_STAYOPEN) == 0U) {
516 			res_nclose(statp);
517 		}
518 		if (statp->rhook) {
519 			int done = 0, loops = 0;
520 
521 			do {
522 				res_sendhookact act;
523 
524 				act = (*statp->rhook)(nsap, buf, buflen,
525 						      ans, anssiz, &resplen);
526 				switch (act) {
527 				case res_goahead:
528 				case res_done:
529 					done = 1;
530 					break;
531 				case res_nextns:
532 					res_nclose(statp);
533 					goto next_ns;
534 				case res_modified:
535 					/* give the hook another try */
536 					if (++loops < 42) /*doug adams*/
537 						break;
538 					/*FALLTHROUGH*/
539 				case res_error:
540 					/*FALLTHROUGH*/
541 				default:
542 					goto fail;
543 				}
544 			} while (!done);
545 
546 		}
547 #ifdef USE_KQUEUE
548 		_close(kq);
549 #endif
550 		return (resplen);
551  next_ns: ;
552 	   } /*foreach ns*/
553 	} /*foreach retry*/
554 	res_nclose(statp);
555 #ifdef USE_KQUEUE
556 	_close(kq);
557 #endif
558 	if (!v_circuit) {
559 		if (!gotsomewhere)
560 			errno = ECONNREFUSED;	/*%< no nameservers found */
561 		else
562 			errno = ETIMEDOUT;	/*%< no answer obtained */
563 	} else
564 		errno = terrno;
565 	return (-1);
566  fail:
567 	res_nclose(statp);
568 #ifdef USE_KQUEUE
569 	_close(kq);
570 #endif
571 	return (-1);
572 }
573 
574 /* Private */
575 
576 static int
577 get_salen(const struct sockaddr *sa)
578 {
579 
580 #ifdef HAVE_SA_LEN
581 	/* There are people do not set sa_len.  Be forgiving to them. */
582 	if (sa->sa_len)
583 		return (sa->sa_len);
584 #endif
585 
586 	if (sa->sa_family == AF_INET)
587 		return (sizeof(struct sockaddr_in));
588 	else if (sa->sa_family == AF_INET6)
589 		return (sizeof(struct sockaddr_in6));
590 	else
591 		return (0);	/*%< unknown, die on connect */
592 }
593 
594 /*%
595  * pick appropriate nsaddr_list for use.  see res_init() for initialization.
596  */
597 static struct sockaddr *
598 get_nsaddr(res_state statp, size_t n)
599 {
600 
601 	if (!statp->nsaddr_list[n].sin_family && EXT(statp).ext) {
602 		/*
603 		 * - EXT(statp).ext->nsaddrs[n] holds an address that is larger
604 		 *   than struct sockaddr, and
605 		 * - user code did not update statp->nsaddr_list[n].
606 		 */
607 		return (struct sockaddr *)(void *)&EXT(statp).ext->nsaddrs[n];
608 	} else {
609 		/*
610 		 * - user code updated statp->nsaddr_list[n], or
611 		 * - statp->nsaddr_list[n] has the same content as
612 		 *   EXT(statp).ext->nsaddrs[n].
613 		 */
614 		return (struct sockaddr *)(void *)&statp->nsaddr_list[n];
615 	}
616 }
617 
618 static int
619 send_vc(res_state statp,
620 	const u_char *buf, int buflen, u_char *ans, int anssiz,
621 	int *terrno, int ns)
622 {
623 	const HEADER *hp = (const HEADER *) buf;
624 	HEADER *anhp = (HEADER *) ans;
625 	struct sockaddr *nsap;
626 	int nsaplen;
627 	int truncating, connreset, resplen, n;
628 	struct iovec iov[2];
629 	u_short len;
630 	u_char *cp;
631 	void *tmp;
632 #ifdef SO_NOSIGPIPE
633 	int on = 1;
634 #endif
635 
636 	nsap = get_nsaddr(statp, ns);
637 	nsaplen = get_salen(nsap);
638 
639 	connreset = 0;
640  same_ns:
641 	truncating = 0;
642 
643 	/* Are we still talking to whom we want to talk to? */
644 	if (statp->_vcsock >= 0 && (statp->_flags & RES_F_VC) != 0) {
645 		struct sockaddr_storage peer;
646 		ISC_SOCKLEN_T size = sizeof peer;
647 
648 		if (_getpeername(statp->_vcsock,
649 				(struct sockaddr *)&peer, &size) < 0 ||
650 		    !sock_eq((struct sockaddr *)&peer, nsap)) {
651 			res_nclose(statp);
652 			statp->_flags &= ~RES_F_VC;
653 		}
654 	}
655 
656 	if (statp->_vcsock < 0 || (statp->_flags & RES_F_VC) == 0) {
657 		if (statp->_vcsock >= 0)
658 			res_nclose(statp);
659 
660 		statp->_vcsock = _socket(nsap->sa_family, SOCK_STREAM |
661 		    SOCK_CLOEXEC, 0);
662 #if !defined(USE_POLL) && !defined(USE_KQUEUE)
663 		if (statp->_vcsock > highestFD) {
664 			res_nclose(statp);
665 			errno = ENOTSOCK;
666 		}
667 #endif
668 		if (statp->_vcsock < 0) {
669 			switch (errno) {
670 			case EPROTONOSUPPORT:
671 #ifdef EPFNOSUPPORT
672 			case EPFNOSUPPORT:
673 #endif
674 			case EAFNOSUPPORT:
675 				Perror(statp, stderr, "socket(vc)", errno);
676 				return (0);
677 			default:
678 				*terrno = errno;
679 				Perror(statp, stderr, "socket(vc)", errno);
680 				return (-1);
681 			}
682 		}
683 #ifdef SO_NOSIGPIPE
684 		/*
685 		 * Disable generation of SIGPIPE when writing to a closed
686 		 * socket.  Write should return -1 and set errno to EPIPE
687 		 * instead.
688 		 *
689 		 * Push on even if setsockopt(SO_NOSIGPIPE) fails.
690 		 */
691 		(void)_setsockopt(statp->_vcsock, SOL_SOCKET, SO_NOSIGPIPE, &on,
692 				 sizeof(on));
693 #endif
694 		errno = 0;
695 		if (_connect(statp->_vcsock, nsap, nsaplen) < 0) {
696 			*terrno = errno;
697 			Aerror(statp, stderr, "connect/vc", errno, nsap,
698 			    nsaplen);
699 			res_nclose(statp);
700 			return (0);
701 		}
702 		statp->_flags |= RES_F_VC;
703 	}
704 
705 	/*
706 	 * Send length & message
707 	 */
708 	ns_put16((u_short)buflen, (u_char*)&len);
709 	iov[0] = evConsIovec(&len, INT16SZ);
710 	DE_CONST(buf, tmp);
711 	iov[1] = evConsIovec(tmp, buflen);
712 	if (_writev(statp->_vcsock, iov, 2) != (INT16SZ + buflen)) {
713 		*terrno = errno;
714 		Perror(statp, stderr, "write failed", errno);
715 		res_nclose(statp);
716 		return (0);
717 	}
718 	/*
719 	 * Receive length & response
720 	 */
721  read_len:
722 	cp = ans;
723 	len = INT16SZ;
724 	while ((n = _read(statp->_vcsock, (char *)cp, (int)len)) > 0) {
725 		cp += n;
726 		if ((len -= n) == 0)
727 			break;
728 	}
729 	if (n <= 0) {
730 		*terrno = errno;
731 		Perror(statp, stderr, "read failed", errno);
732 		res_nclose(statp);
733 		/*
734 		 * A long running process might get its TCP
735 		 * connection reset if the remote server was
736 		 * restarted.  Requery the server instead of
737 		 * trying a new one.  When there is only one
738 		 * server, this means that a query might work
739 		 * instead of failing.  We only allow one reset
740 		 * per query to prevent looping.
741 		 */
742 		if (*terrno == ECONNRESET && !connreset) {
743 			connreset = 1;
744 			res_nclose(statp);
745 			goto same_ns;
746 		}
747 		res_nclose(statp);
748 		return (0);
749 	}
750 	resplen = ns_get16(ans);
751 	if (resplen > anssiz) {
752 		Dprint(statp->options & RES_DEBUG,
753 		       (stdout, ";; response truncated\n")
754 		       );
755 		truncating = 1;
756 		len = anssiz;
757 	} else
758 		len = resplen;
759 	if (len < HFIXEDSZ) {
760 		/*
761 		 * Undersized message.
762 		 */
763 		Dprint(statp->options & RES_DEBUG,
764 		       (stdout, ";; undersized: %d\n", len));
765 		*terrno = EMSGSIZE;
766 		res_nclose(statp);
767 		return (0);
768 	}
769 	cp = ans;
770 	while (len != 0 &&
771 	    (n = _read(statp->_vcsock, (char *)cp, (int)len)) > 0) {
772 		cp += n;
773 		len -= n;
774 	}
775 	if (n <= 0) {
776 		*terrno = errno;
777 		Perror(statp, stderr, "read(vc)", errno);
778 		res_nclose(statp);
779 		return (0);
780 	}
781 	if (truncating) {
782 		/*
783 		 * Flush rest of answer so connection stays in synch.
784 		 */
785 		anhp->tc = 1;
786 		len = resplen - anssiz;
787 		while (len != 0) {
788 			char junk[PACKETSZ];
789 
790 			n = _read(statp->_vcsock, junk,
791 			    (len > sizeof junk) ? sizeof junk : len);
792 			if (n > 0)
793 				len -= n;
794 			else
795 				break;
796 		}
797 	}
798 	/*
799 	 * If the calling applicating has bailed out of
800 	 * a previous call and failed to arrange to have
801 	 * the circuit closed or the server has got
802 	 * itself confused, then drop the packet and
803 	 * wait for the correct one.
804 	 */
805 	if (hp->id != anhp->id) {
806 		DprintQ((statp->options & RES_DEBUG) ||
807 			(statp->pfcode & RES_PRF_REPLY),
808 			(stdout, ";; old answer (unexpected):\n"),
809 			ans, (resplen > anssiz) ? anssiz: resplen);
810 		goto read_len;
811 	}
812 
813 	/*
814 	 * All is well, or the error is fatal.  Signal that the
815 	 * next nameserver ought not be tried.
816 	 */
817 	return (resplen);
818 }
819 
820 static int
821 send_dg(res_state statp,
822 #ifdef USE_KQUEUE
823 	int kq,
824 #endif
825 	const u_char *buf, int buflen, u_char *ans,
826 	int anssiz, int *terrno, int ns, int tries, int *v_circuit,
827 	int *gotsomewhere)
828 {
829 	const HEADER *hp = (const HEADER *) buf;
830 	HEADER *anhp = (HEADER *) ans;
831 	const struct sockaddr *nsap;
832 	int nsaplen;
833 	struct timespec now, timeout, finish;
834 	struct sockaddr_storage from;
835 	ISC_SOCKLEN_T fromlen;
836 	int resplen, seconds, n, s;
837 #ifdef USE_KQUEUE
838 	struct kevent kv;
839 #else
840 #ifdef USE_POLL
841 	int     polltimeout;
842 	struct pollfd   pollfd;
843 #else
844 	fd_set dsmask;
845 #endif
846 #endif
847 
848 	nsap = get_nsaddr(statp, ns);
849 	nsaplen = get_salen(nsap);
850 	if (EXT(statp).nssocks[ns] == -1) {
851 		EXT(statp).nssocks[ns] = _socket(nsap->sa_family,
852 		    SOCK_DGRAM | SOCK_CLOEXEC, 0);
853 #if !defined(USE_POLL) && !defined(USE_KQUEUE)
854 		if (EXT(statp).nssocks[ns] > highestFD) {
855 			res_nclose(statp);
856 			errno = ENOTSOCK;
857 		}
858 #endif
859 		if (EXT(statp).nssocks[ns] < 0) {
860 			switch (errno) {
861 			case EPROTONOSUPPORT:
862 #ifdef EPFNOSUPPORT
863 			case EPFNOSUPPORT:
864 #endif
865 			case EAFNOSUPPORT:
866 				Perror(statp, stderr, "socket(dg)", errno);
867 				return (0);
868 			default:
869 				*terrno = errno;
870 				Perror(statp, stderr, "socket(dg)", errno);
871 				return (-1);
872 			}
873 		}
874 #ifndef CANNOT_CONNECT_DGRAM
875 		/*
876 		 * On a 4.3BSD+ machine (client and server,
877 		 * actually), sending to a nameserver datagram
878 		 * port with no nameserver will cause an
879 		 * ICMP port unreachable message to be returned.
880 		 * If our datagram socket is "connected" to the
881 		 * server, we get an ECONNREFUSED error on the next
882 		 * socket operation, and select returns if the
883 		 * error message is received.  We can thus detect
884 		 * the absence of a nameserver without timing out.
885 		 *
886 		 * When the option "insecure1" is specified, we'd
887 		 * rather expect to see responses from an "unknown"
888 		 * address.  In order to let the kernel accept such
889 		 * responses, do not connect the socket here.
890 		 * XXX: or do we need an explicit option to disable
891 		 * connecting?
892 		 */
893 		if (!(statp->options & RES_INSECURE1) &&
894 		    _connect(EXT(statp).nssocks[ns], nsap, nsaplen) < 0) {
895 			Aerror(statp, stderr, "connect(dg)", errno, nsap,
896 			    nsaplen);
897 			res_nclose(statp);
898 			return (0);
899 		}
900 #endif /* !CANNOT_CONNECT_DGRAM */
901 		Dprint(statp->options & RES_DEBUG,
902 		       (stdout, ";; new DG socket\n"))
903 	}
904 	s = EXT(statp).nssocks[ns];
905 #ifndef CANNOT_CONNECT_DGRAM
906 	if (statp->options & RES_INSECURE1) {
907 		if (_sendto(s,
908 		    (const char*)buf, buflen, 0, nsap, nsaplen) != buflen) {
909 			Aerror(statp, stderr, "sendto", errno, nsap, nsaplen);
910 			res_nclose(statp);
911 			return (0);
912 		}
913 	} else if (send(s, (const char*)buf, buflen, 0) != buflen) {
914 		Perror(statp, stderr, "send", errno);
915 		res_nclose(statp);
916 		return (0);
917 	}
918 #else /* !CANNOT_CONNECT_DGRAM */
919 	if (_sendto(s, (const char*)buf, buflen, 0, nsap, nsaplen) != buflen)
920 	{
921 		Aerror(statp, stderr, "sendto", errno, nsap, nsaplen);
922 		res_nclose(statp);
923 		return (0);
924 	}
925 #endif /* !CANNOT_CONNECT_DGRAM */
926 
927 	/*
928 	 * Wait for reply.
929 	 */
930 	seconds = (statp->retrans << tries);
931 	if (ns > 0)
932 		seconds /= statp->nscount;
933 	if (seconds <= 0)
934 		seconds = 1;
935 	now = evNowTime();
936 	timeout = evConsTime(seconds, 0);
937 	finish = evAddTime(now, timeout);
938 	goto nonow;
939  wait:
940 	now = evNowTime();
941  nonow:
942 #ifndef USE_POLL
943 	if (evCmpTime(finish, now) > 0)
944 		timeout = evSubTime(finish, now);
945 	else
946 		timeout = evConsTime(0, 0);
947 #ifdef USE_KQUEUE
948 	EV_SET(&kv, s, EVFILT_READ, EV_ADD | EV_ONESHOT, 0, 0, 0);
949 	n = _kevent(kq, &kv, 1, &kv, 1, &timeout);
950 #else
951 	FD_ZERO(&dsmask);
952 	FD_SET(s, &dsmask);
953 	n = pselect(s + 1, &dsmask, NULL, NULL, &timeout, NULL);
954 #endif
955 #else
956 	timeout = evSubTime(finish, now);
957 	if (timeout.tv_sec < 0)
958 		timeout = evConsTime(0, 0);
959 	polltimeout = 1000*timeout.tv_sec +
960 		timeout.tv_nsec/1000000;
961 	pollfd.fd = s;
962 	pollfd.events = POLLRDNORM;
963 	n = _poll(&pollfd, 1, polltimeout);
964 #endif /* USE_POLL */
965 
966 	if (n == 0) {
967 		Dprint(statp->options & RES_DEBUG, (stdout, ";; timeout\n"));
968 		*gotsomewhere = 1;
969 		return (0);
970 	}
971 	if (n < 0) {
972 		if (errno == EINTR)
973 			goto wait;
974 #ifdef USE_KQUEUE
975 		Perror(statp, stderr, "kevent", errno);
976 #else
977 #ifndef USE_POLL
978 		Perror(statp, stderr, "select", errno);
979 #else
980 		Perror(statp, stderr, "poll", errno);
981 #endif /* USE_POLL */
982 #endif
983 		res_nclose(statp);
984 		return (0);
985 	}
986 #ifdef USE_KQUEUE
987 	if (kv.ident != s)
988 		goto wait;
989 #endif
990 	errno = 0;
991 	fromlen = sizeof(from);
992 	resplen = _recvfrom(s, (char*)ans, anssiz,0,
993 			   (struct sockaddr *)&from, &fromlen);
994 	if (resplen <= 0) {
995 		Perror(statp, stderr, "recvfrom", errno);
996 		res_nclose(statp);
997 		return (0);
998 	}
999 	*gotsomewhere = 1;
1000 	if (resplen < HFIXEDSZ) {
1001 		/*
1002 		 * Undersized message.
1003 		 */
1004 		Dprint(statp->options & RES_DEBUG,
1005 		       (stdout, ";; undersized: %d\n",
1006 			resplen));
1007 		*terrno = EMSGSIZE;
1008 		res_nclose(statp);
1009 		return (0);
1010 	}
1011 	if (hp->id != anhp->id) {
1012 		/*
1013 		 * response from old query, ignore it.
1014 		 * XXX - potential security hazard could
1015 		 *	 be detected here.
1016 		 */
1017 		DprintQ((statp->options & RES_DEBUG) ||
1018 			(statp->pfcode & RES_PRF_REPLY),
1019 			(stdout, ";; old answer:\n"),
1020 			ans, (resplen > anssiz) ? anssiz : resplen);
1021 		goto wait;
1022 	}
1023 	if (!(statp->options & RES_INSECURE1) &&
1024 	    !res_ourserver_p(statp, (struct sockaddr *)&from)) {
1025 		/*
1026 		 * response from wrong server? ignore it.
1027 		 * XXX - potential security hazard could
1028 		 *	 be detected here.
1029 		 */
1030 		DprintQ((statp->options & RES_DEBUG) ||
1031 			(statp->pfcode & RES_PRF_REPLY),
1032 			(stdout, ";; not our server:\n"),
1033 			ans, (resplen > anssiz) ? anssiz : resplen);
1034 		goto wait;
1035 	}
1036 #ifdef RES_USE_EDNS0
1037 	if (anhp->rcode == FORMERR && (statp->options & RES_USE_EDNS0) != 0U) {
1038 		/*
1039 		 * Do not retry if the server do not understand EDNS0.
1040 		 * The case has to be captured here, as FORMERR packet do not
1041 		 * carry query section, hence res_queriesmatch() returns 0.
1042 		 */
1043 		DprintQ(statp->options & RES_DEBUG,
1044 			(stdout, "server rejected query with EDNS0:\n"),
1045 			ans, (resplen > anssiz) ? anssiz : resplen);
1046 		/* record the error */
1047 		statp->_flags |= RES_F_EDNS0ERR;
1048 		res_nclose(statp);
1049 		return (0);
1050 	}
1051 #endif
1052 	if (!(statp->options & RES_INSECURE2) &&
1053 	    !res_queriesmatch(buf, buf + buflen,
1054 			      ans, ans + anssiz)) {
1055 		/*
1056 		 * response contains wrong query? ignore it.
1057 		 * XXX - potential security hazard could
1058 		 *	 be detected here.
1059 		 */
1060 		DprintQ((statp->options & RES_DEBUG) ||
1061 			(statp->pfcode & RES_PRF_REPLY),
1062 			(stdout, ";; wrong query name:\n"),
1063 			ans, (resplen > anssiz) ? anssiz : resplen);
1064 		goto wait;
1065 	}
1066 	if (anhp->rcode == SERVFAIL ||
1067 	    anhp->rcode == NOTIMP ||
1068 	    anhp->rcode == REFUSED) {
1069 		DprintQ(statp->options & RES_DEBUG,
1070 			(stdout, "server rejected query:\n"),
1071 			ans, (resplen > anssiz) ? anssiz : resplen);
1072 		res_nclose(statp);
1073 		/* don't retry if called from dig */
1074 		if (!statp->pfcode)
1075 			return (0);
1076 	}
1077 	if (!(statp->options & RES_IGNTC) && anhp->tc) {
1078 		/*
1079 		 * To get the rest of answer,
1080 		 * use TCP with same server.
1081 		 */
1082 		Dprint(statp->options & RES_DEBUG,
1083 		       (stdout, ";; truncated answer\n"));
1084 		*v_circuit = 1;
1085 		res_nclose(statp);
1086 		return (1);
1087 	}
1088 	/*
1089 	 * All is well, or the error is fatal.  Signal that the
1090 	 * next nameserver ought not be tried.
1091 	 */
1092 	return (resplen);
1093 }
1094 
1095 static void
1096 Aerror(const res_state statp, FILE *file, const char *string, int error,
1097        const struct sockaddr *address, int alen)
1098 {
1099 	int save = errno;
1100 	char hbuf[NI_MAXHOST];
1101 	char sbuf[NI_MAXSERV];
1102 
1103 	if ((statp->options & RES_DEBUG) != 0U) {
1104 		if (getnameinfo(address, alen, hbuf, sizeof(hbuf),
1105 		    sbuf, sizeof(sbuf), niflags)) {
1106 			strncpy(hbuf, "?", sizeof(hbuf) - 1);
1107 			hbuf[sizeof(hbuf) - 1] = '\0';
1108 			strncpy(sbuf, "?", sizeof(sbuf) - 1);
1109 			sbuf[sizeof(sbuf) - 1] = '\0';
1110 		}
1111 		fprintf(file, "res_send: %s ([%s].%s): %s\n",
1112 			string, hbuf, sbuf, strerror(error));
1113 	}
1114 	errno = save;
1115 }
1116 
1117 static void
1118 Perror(const res_state statp, FILE *file, const char *string, int error) {
1119 	int save = errno;
1120 
1121 	if ((statp->options & RES_DEBUG) != 0U)
1122 		fprintf(file, "res_send: %s: %s\n",
1123 			string, strerror(error));
1124 	errno = save;
1125 }
1126 
1127 static int
1128 sock_eq(struct sockaddr *a, struct sockaddr *b) {
1129 	struct sockaddr_in *a4, *b4;
1130 	struct sockaddr_in6 *a6, *b6;
1131 
1132 	if (a->sa_family != b->sa_family)
1133 		return 0;
1134 	switch (a->sa_family) {
1135 	case AF_INET:
1136 		a4 = (struct sockaddr_in *)a;
1137 		b4 = (struct sockaddr_in *)b;
1138 		return a4->sin_port == b4->sin_port &&
1139 		    a4->sin_addr.s_addr == b4->sin_addr.s_addr;
1140 	case AF_INET6:
1141 		a6 = (struct sockaddr_in6 *)a;
1142 		b6 = (struct sockaddr_in6 *)b;
1143 		return a6->sin6_port == b6->sin6_port &&
1144 #ifdef HAVE_SIN6_SCOPE_ID
1145 		    a6->sin6_scope_id == b6->sin6_scope_id &&
1146 #endif
1147 		    IN6_ARE_ADDR_EQUAL(&a6->sin6_addr, &b6->sin6_addr);
1148 	default:
1149 		return 0;
1150 	}
1151 }
1152 
1153 #if defined(NEED_PSELECT) && !defined(USE_POLL) && !defined(USE_KQUEUE)
1154 /* XXX needs to move to the porting library. */
1155 static int
1156 pselect(int nfds, void *rfds, void *wfds, void *efds,
1157 	struct timespec *tsp, const sigset_t *sigmask)
1158 {
1159 	struct timeval tv, *tvp;
1160 	sigset_t sigs;
1161 	int n;
1162 
1163 	if (tsp) {
1164 		tvp = &tv;
1165 		tv = evTimeVal(*tsp);
1166 	} else
1167 		tvp = NULL;
1168 	if (sigmask)
1169 		sigprocmask(SIG_SETMASK, sigmask, &sigs);
1170 	n = select(nfds, rfds, wfds, efds, tvp);
1171 	if (sigmask)
1172 		sigprocmask(SIG_SETMASK, &sigs, NULL);
1173 	if (tsp)
1174 		*tsp = evTimeSpec(tv);
1175 	return (n);
1176 }
1177 #endif
1178