xref: /freebsd/lib/libc/resolv/res_send.c (revision 1f4bcc459a76b7aa664f3fd557684cd0ba6da352)
1 /*
2  * Portions Copyright (C) 2004-2009  Internet Systems Consortium, Inc. ("ISC")
3  * Portions Copyright (C) 1996-2003  Internet Software Consortium.
4  *
5  * Permission to use, copy, modify, and/or distribute this software for any
6  * purpose with or without fee is hereby granted, provided that the above
7  * copyright notice and this permission notice appear in all copies.
8  *
9  * THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED "AS IS" AND ISC DISCLAIMS ALL WARRANTIES WITH
10  * REGARD TO THIS SOFTWARE INCLUDING ALL IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY
11  * AND FITNESS.  IN NO EVENT SHALL ISC BE LIABLE FOR ANY SPECIAL, DIRECT,
12  * INDIRECT, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES OR ANY DAMAGES WHATSOEVER RESULTING FROM
13  * LOSS OF USE, DATA OR PROFITS, WHETHER IN AN ACTION OF CONTRACT, NEGLIGENCE
14  * OR OTHER TORTIOUS ACTION, ARISING OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE USE OR
15  * PERFORMANCE OF THIS SOFTWARE.
16  */
17 
18 /*
19  * Copyright (c) 1985, 1989, 1993
20  *    The Regents of the University of California.  All rights reserved.
21  *
22  * Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
23  * modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions
24  * are met:
25  * 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
26  *    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
27  * 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright
28  *    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the
29  *    documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
30  * 4. Neither the name of the University nor the names of its contributors
31  *    may be used to endorse or promote products derived from this software
32  *    without specific prior written permission.
33  *
34  * THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE REGENTS AND CONTRIBUTORS ``AS IS'' AND
35  * ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE
36  * IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE
37  * ARE DISCLAIMED.  IN NO EVENT SHALL THE REGENTS OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE
38  * FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL
39  * DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS
40  * OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION)
41  * HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT
42  * LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY
43  * OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF
44  * SUCH DAMAGE.
45  */
46 
47 /*
48  * Portions Copyright (c) 1993 by Digital Equipment Corporation.
49  *
50  * Permission to use, copy, modify, and distribute this software for any
51  * purpose with or without fee is hereby granted, provided that the above
52  * copyright notice and this permission notice appear in all copies, and that
53  * the name of Digital Equipment Corporation not be used in advertising or
54  * publicity pertaining to distribution of the document or software without
55  * specific, written prior permission.
56  *
57  * THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED "AS IS" AND DIGITAL EQUIPMENT CORP. DISCLAIMS ALL
58  * WARRANTIES WITH REGARD TO THIS SOFTWARE, INCLUDING ALL IMPLIED WARRANTIES
59  * OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS.   IN NO EVENT SHALL DIGITAL EQUIPMENT
60  * CORPORATION BE LIABLE FOR ANY SPECIAL, DIRECT, INDIRECT, OR CONSEQUENTIAL
61  * DAMAGES OR ANY DAMAGES WHATSOEVER RESULTING FROM LOSS OF USE, DATA OR
62  * PROFITS, WHETHER IN AN ACTION OF CONTRACT, NEGLIGENCE OR OTHER TORTIOUS
63  * ACTION, ARISING OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE USE OR PERFORMANCE OF THIS
64  * SOFTWARE.
65  */
66 
67 #if defined(LIBC_SCCS) && !defined(lint)
68 static const char sccsid[] = "@(#)res_send.c	8.1 (Berkeley) 6/4/93";
69 static const char rcsid[] = "$Id: res_send.c,v 1.22 2009/01/22 23:49:23 tbox Exp $";
70 #endif /* LIBC_SCCS and not lint */
71 #include <sys/cdefs.h>
72 __FBSDID("$FreeBSD$");
73 
74 /*! \file
75  * \brief
76  * Send query to name server and wait for reply.
77  */
78 
79 #include "port_before.h"
80 #if !defined(USE_KQUEUE) && !defined(USE_POLL)
81 #include "fd_setsize.h"
82 #endif
83 
84 #include "namespace.h"
85 #include <sys/types.h>
86 #include <sys/param.h>
87 #include <sys/time.h>
88 #include <sys/socket.h>
89 #include <sys/uio.h>
90 
91 #include <netinet/in.h>
92 #include <arpa/nameser.h>
93 #include <arpa/inet.h>
94 
95 #include <errno.h>
96 #include <netdb.h>
97 #include <resolv.h>
98 #include <signal.h>
99 #include <stdio.h>
100 #include <stdlib.h>
101 #include <string.h>
102 #include <unistd.h>
103 
104 #include <isc/eventlib.h>
105 
106 #include "port_after.h"
107 
108 #ifdef USE_KQUEUE
109 #include <sys/event.h>
110 #else
111 #ifdef USE_POLL
112 #ifdef HAVE_STROPTS_H
113 #include <stropts.h>
114 #endif
115 #include <poll.h>
116 #endif /* USE_POLL */
117 #endif
118 
119 #include "un-namespace.h"
120 
121 /* Options.  Leave them on. */
122 #ifndef	DEBUG
123 #define	DEBUG
124 #endif
125 #include "res_debug.h"
126 #include "res_private.h"
127 
128 #define EXT(res) ((res)->_u._ext)
129 
130 #if !defined(USE_POLL) && !defined(USE_KQUEUE)
131 static const int highestFD = FD_SETSIZE - 1;
132 #endif
133 
134 /* Forward. */
135 
136 static int		get_salen(const struct sockaddr *);
137 static struct sockaddr * get_nsaddr(res_state, size_t);
138 static int		send_vc(res_state, const u_char *, int,
139 				u_char *, int, int *, int);
140 static int		send_dg(res_state,
141 #ifdef USE_KQUEUE
142 				int kq,
143 #endif
144 				const u_char *, int,
145 				u_char *, int, int *, int, int,
146 				int *, int *);
147 static void		Aerror(const res_state, FILE *, const char *, int,
148 			       const struct sockaddr *, int);
149 static void		Perror(const res_state, FILE *, const char *, int);
150 static int		sock_eq(struct sockaddr *, struct sockaddr *);
151 #if defined(NEED_PSELECT) && !defined(USE_POLL) && !defined(USE_KQUEUE)
152 static int		pselect(int, void *, void *, void *,
153 				struct timespec *,
154 				const sigset_t *);
155 #endif
156 void res_pquery(const res_state, const u_char *, int, FILE *);
157 
158 static const int niflags = NI_NUMERICHOST | NI_NUMERICSERV;
159 
160 /* Public. */
161 
162 /*%
163  *	looks up "ina" in _res.ns_addr_list[]
164  *
165  * returns:
166  *\li	0  : not found
167  *\li	>0 : found
168  *
169  * author:
170  *\li	paul vixie, 29may94
171  */
172 int
173 res_ourserver_p(const res_state statp, const struct sockaddr *sa) {
174 	const struct sockaddr_in *inp, *srv;
175 	const struct sockaddr_in6 *in6p, *srv6;
176 	int ns;
177 
178 	switch (sa->sa_family) {
179 	case AF_INET:
180 		inp = (const struct sockaddr_in *)sa;
181 		for (ns = 0;  ns < statp->nscount;  ns++) {
182 			srv = (struct sockaddr_in *)get_nsaddr(statp, ns);
183 			if (srv->sin_family == inp->sin_family &&
184 			    srv->sin_port == inp->sin_port &&
185 			    (srv->sin_addr.s_addr == INADDR_ANY ||
186 			     srv->sin_addr.s_addr == inp->sin_addr.s_addr))
187 				return (1);
188 		}
189 		break;
190 	case AF_INET6:
191 		if (EXT(statp).ext == NULL)
192 			break;
193 		in6p = (const struct sockaddr_in6 *)sa;
194 		for (ns = 0;  ns < statp->nscount;  ns++) {
195 			srv6 = (struct sockaddr_in6 *)get_nsaddr(statp, ns);
196 			if (srv6->sin6_family == in6p->sin6_family &&
197 			    srv6->sin6_port == in6p->sin6_port &&
198 #ifdef HAVE_SIN6_SCOPE_ID
199 			    (srv6->sin6_scope_id == 0 ||
200 			     srv6->sin6_scope_id == in6p->sin6_scope_id) &&
201 #endif
202 			    (IN6_IS_ADDR_UNSPECIFIED(&srv6->sin6_addr) ||
203 			     IN6_ARE_ADDR_EQUAL(&srv6->sin6_addr, &in6p->sin6_addr)))
204 				return (1);
205 		}
206 		break;
207 	default:
208 		break;
209 	}
210 	return (0);
211 }
212 
213 /*%
214  *	look for (name,type,class) in the query section of packet (buf,eom)
215  *
216  * requires:
217  *\li	buf + HFIXEDSZ <= eom
218  *
219  * returns:
220  *\li	-1 : format error
221  *\li	0  : not found
222  *\li	>0 : found
223  *
224  * author:
225  *\li	paul vixie, 29may94
226  */
227 int
228 res_nameinquery(const char *name, int type, int class,
229 		const u_char *buf, const u_char *eom)
230 {
231 	const u_char *cp = buf + HFIXEDSZ;
232 	int qdcount = ntohs(((const HEADER*)buf)->qdcount);
233 
234 	while (qdcount-- > 0) {
235 		char tname[MAXDNAME+1];
236 		int n, ttype, tclass;
237 
238 		n = dn_expand(buf, eom, cp, tname, sizeof tname);
239 		if (n < 0)
240 			return (-1);
241 		cp += n;
242 		if (cp + 2 * INT16SZ > eom)
243 			return (-1);
244 		ttype = ns_get16(cp); cp += INT16SZ;
245 		tclass = ns_get16(cp); cp += INT16SZ;
246 		if (ttype == type && tclass == class &&
247 		    ns_samename(tname, name) == 1)
248 			return (1);
249 	}
250 	return (0);
251 }
252 
253 /*%
254  *	is there a 1:1 mapping of (name,type,class)
255  *	in (buf1,eom1) and (buf2,eom2)?
256  *
257  * returns:
258  *\li	-1 : format error
259  *\li	0  : not a 1:1 mapping
260  *\li	>0 : is a 1:1 mapping
261  *
262  * author:
263  *\li	paul vixie, 29may94
264  */
265 int
266 res_queriesmatch(const u_char *buf1, const u_char *eom1,
267 		 const u_char *buf2, const u_char *eom2)
268 {
269 	const u_char *cp = buf1 + HFIXEDSZ;
270 	int qdcount = ntohs(((const HEADER*)buf1)->qdcount);
271 
272 	if (buf1 + HFIXEDSZ > eom1 || buf2 + HFIXEDSZ > eom2)
273 		return (-1);
274 
275 	/*
276 	 * Only header section present in replies to
277 	 * dynamic update packets.
278 	 */
279 	if ((((const HEADER *)buf1)->opcode == ns_o_update) &&
280 	    (((const HEADER *)buf2)->opcode == ns_o_update))
281 		return (1);
282 
283 	if (qdcount != ntohs(((const HEADER*)buf2)->qdcount))
284 		return (0);
285 	while (qdcount-- > 0) {
286 		char tname[MAXDNAME+1];
287 		int n, ttype, tclass;
288 
289 		n = dn_expand(buf1, eom1, cp, tname, sizeof tname);
290 		if (n < 0)
291 			return (-1);
292 		cp += n;
293 		if (cp + 2 * INT16SZ > eom1)
294 			return (-1);
295 		ttype = ns_get16(cp);	cp += INT16SZ;
296 		tclass = ns_get16(cp); cp += INT16SZ;
297 		if (!res_nameinquery(tname, ttype, tclass, buf2, eom2))
298 			return (0);
299 	}
300 	return (1);
301 }
302 
303 int
304 res_nsend(res_state statp,
305 	  const u_char *buf, int buflen, u_char *ans, int anssiz)
306 {
307 	int gotsomewhere, terrno, tries, v_circuit, resplen, ns, n;
308 #ifdef USE_KQUEUE
309 	int kq;
310 #endif
311 	char abuf[NI_MAXHOST];
312 
313 	/* No name servers or res_init() failure */
314 	if (statp->nscount == 0 || EXT(statp).ext == NULL) {
315 		errno = ESRCH;
316 		return (-1);
317 	}
318 	if (anssiz < HFIXEDSZ) {
319 		errno = EINVAL;
320 		return (-1);
321 	}
322 	DprintQ((statp->options & RES_DEBUG) || (statp->pfcode & RES_PRF_QUERY),
323 		(stdout, ";; res_send()\n"), buf, buflen);
324 	v_circuit = (statp->options & RES_USEVC) || buflen > PACKETSZ;
325 	gotsomewhere = 0;
326 	terrno = ETIMEDOUT;
327 
328 #ifdef USE_KQUEUE
329 	if ((kq = kqueue()) < 0) {
330 		Perror(statp, stderr, "kqueue", errno);
331 		return (-1);
332 	}
333 #endif
334 
335 	/*
336 	 * If the ns_addr_list in the resolver context has changed, then
337 	 * invalidate our cached copy and the associated timing data.
338 	 */
339 	if (EXT(statp).nscount != 0) {
340 		int needclose = 0;
341 		struct sockaddr_storage peer;
342 		ISC_SOCKLEN_T peerlen;
343 
344 		if (EXT(statp).nscount != statp->nscount)
345 			needclose++;
346 		else
347 			for (ns = 0; ns < statp->nscount; ns++) {
348 				if (statp->nsaddr_list[ns].sin_family &&
349 				    !sock_eq((struct sockaddr *)&statp->nsaddr_list[ns],
350 					     (struct sockaddr *)&EXT(statp).ext->nsaddrs[ns])) {
351 					needclose++;
352 					break;
353 				}
354 
355 				if (EXT(statp).nssocks[ns] == -1)
356 					continue;
357 				peerlen = sizeof(peer);
358 				if (_getpeername(EXT(statp).nssocks[ns],
359 				    (struct sockaddr *)&peer, &peerlen) < 0) {
360 					needclose++;
361 					break;
362 				}
363 				if (!sock_eq((struct sockaddr *)&peer,
364 				    get_nsaddr(statp, ns))) {
365 					needclose++;
366 					break;
367 				}
368 			}
369 		if (needclose) {
370 			res_nclose(statp);
371 			EXT(statp).nscount = 0;
372 		}
373 	}
374 
375 	/*
376 	 * Maybe initialize our private copy of the ns_addr_list.
377 	 */
378 	if (EXT(statp).nscount == 0) {
379 		for (ns = 0; ns < statp->nscount; ns++) {
380 			EXT(statp).nstimes[ns] = RES_MAXTIME;
381 			EXT(statp).nssocks[ns] = -1;
382 			if (!statp->nsaddr_list[ns].sin_family)
383 				continue;
384 			EXT(statp).ext->nsaddrs[ns].sin =
385 				 statp->nsaddr_list[ns];
386 		}
387 		EXT(statp).nscount = statp->nscount;
388 	}
389 
390 	/*
391 	 * Some resolvers want to even out the load on their nameservers.
392 	 * Note that RES_BLAST overrides RES_ROTATE.
393 	 */
394 	if ((statp->options & RES_ROTATE) != 0U &&
395 	    (statp->options & RES_BLAST) == 0U) {
396 		union res_sockaddr_union inu;
397 		struct sockaddr_in ina;
398 		int lastns = statp->nscount - 1;
399 		int fd;
400 		u_int16_t nstime;
401 
402 		if (EXT(statp).ext != NULL)
403 			inu = EXT(statp).ext->nsaddrs[0];
404 		ina = statp->nsaddr_list[0];
405 		fd = EXT(statp).nssocks[0];
406 		nstime = EXT(statp).nstimes[0];
407 		for (ns = 0; ns < lastns; ns++) {
408 			if (EXT(statp).ext != NULL)
409 				EXT(statp).ext->nsaddrs[ns] =
410 					EXT(statp).ext->nsaddrs[ns + 1];
411 			statp->nsaddr_list[ns] = statp->nsaddr_list[ns + 1];
412 			EXT(statp).nssocks[ns] = EXT(statp).nssocks[ns + 1];
413 			EXT(statp).nstimes[ns] = EXT(statp).nstimes[ns + 1];
414 		}
415 		if (EXT(statp).ext != NULL)
416 			EXT(statp).ext->nsaddrs[lastns] = inu;
417 		statp->nsaddr_list[lastns] = ina;
418 		EXT(statp).nssocks[lastns] = fd;
419 		EXT(statp).nstimes[lastns] = nstime;
420 	}
421 
422 	/*
423 	 * Send request, RETRY times, or until successful.
424 	 */
425 	for (tries = 0; tries < statp->retry; tries++) {
426 	    for (ns = 0; ns < statp->nscount; ns++) {
427 		struct sockaddr *nsap;
428 		int nsaplen;
429 		nsap = get_nsaddr(statp, ns);
430 		nsaplen = get_salen(nsap);
431 		statp->_flags &= ~RES_F_LASTMASK;
432 		statp->_flags |= (ns << RES_F_LASTSHIFT);
433  same_ns:
434 		if (statp->qhook) {
435 			int done = 0, loops = 0;
436 
437 			do {
438 				res_sendhookact act;
439 
440 				act = (*statp->qhook)(&nsap, &buf, &buflen,
441 						      ans, anssiz, &resplen);
442 				switch (act) {
443 				case res_goahead:
444 					done = 1;
445 					break;
446 				case res_nextns:
447 					res_nclose(statp);
448 					goto next_ns;
449 				case res_done:
450 #ifdef USE_KQUEUE
451 					_close(kq);
452 #endif
453 					return (resplen);
454 				case res_modified:
455 					/* give the hook another try */
456 					if (++loops < 42) /*doug adams*/
457 						break;
458 					/*FALLTHROUGH*/
459 				case res_error:
460 					/*FALLTHROUGH*/
461 				default:
462 					goto fail;
463 				}
464 			} while (!done);
465 		}
466 
467 		Dprint(((statp->options & RES_DEBUG) &&
468 			getnameinfo(nsap, nsaplen, abuf, sizeof(abuf),
469 				    NULL, 0, niflags) == 0),
470 		       (stdout, ";; Querying server (# %d) address = %s\n",
471 			ns + 1, abuf));
472 
473 
474 		if (v_circuit) {
475 			/* Use VC; at most one attempt per server. */
476 			tries = statp->retry;
477 			n = send_vc(statp, buf, buflen, ans, anssiz, &terrno,
478 				    ns);
479 			if (n < 0)
480 				goto fail;
481 			if (n == 0)
482 				goto next_ns;
483 			resplen = n;
484 		} else {
485 			/* Use datagrams. */
486 			n = send_dg(statp,
487 #ifdef USE_KQUEUE
488 				    kq,
489 #endif
490 				    buf, buflen, ans, anssiz, &terrno,
491 				    ns, tries, &v_circuit, &gotsomewhere);
492 			if (n < 0)
493 				goto fail;
494 			if (n == 0)
495 				goto next_ns;
496 			if (v_circuit)
497 				goto same_ns;
498 			resplen = n;
499 		}
500 
501 		Dprint((statp->options & RES_DEBUG) ||
502 		       ((statp->pfcode & RES_PRF_REPLY) &&
503 			(statp->pfcode & RES_PRF_HEAD1)),
504 		       (stdout, ";; got answer:\n"));
505 
506 		DprintQ((statp->options & RES_DEBUG) ||
507 			(statp->pfcode & RES_PRF_REPLY),
508 			(stdout, "%s", ""),
509 			ans, (resplen > anssiz) ? anssiz : resplen);
510 
511 		/*
512 		 * If we have temporarily opened a virtual circuit,
513 		 * or if we haven't been asked to keep a socket open,
514 		 * close the socket.
515 		 */
516 		if ((v_circuit && (statp->options & RES_USEVC) == 0U) ||
517 		    (statp->options & RES_STAYOPEN) == 0U) {
518 			res_nclose(statp);
519 		}
520 		if (statp->rhook) {
521 			int done = 0, loops = 0;
522 
523 			do {
524 				res_sendhookact act;
525 
526 				act = (*statp->rhook)(nsap, buf, buflen,
527 						      ans, anssiz, &resplen);
528 				switch (act) {
529 				case res_goahead:
530 				case res_done:
531 					done = 1;
532 					break;
533 				case res_nextns:
534 					res_nclose(statp);
535 					goto next_ns;
536 				case res_modified:
537 					/* give the hook another try */
538 					if (++loops < 42) /*doug adams*/
539 						break;
540 					/*FALLTHROUGH*/
541 				case res_error:
542 					/*FALLTHROUGH*/
543 				default:
544 					goto fail;
545 				}
546 			} while (!done);
547 
548 		}
549 #ifdef USE_KQUEUE
550 		_close(kq);
551 #endif
552 		return (resplen);
553  next_ns: ;
554 	   } /*foreach ns*/
555 	} /*foreach retry*/
556 	res_nclose(statp);
557 #ifdef USE_KQUEUE
558 	_close(kq);
559 #endif
560 	if (!v_circuit) {
561 		if (!gotsomewhere)
562 			errno = ECONNREFUSED;	/*%< no nameservers found */
563 		else
564 			errno = ETIMEDOUT;	/*%< no answer obtained */
565 	} else
566 		errno = terrno;
567 	return (-1);
568  fail:
569 	res_nclose(statp);
570 #ifdef USE_KQUEUE
571 	_close(kq);
572 #endif
573 	return (-1);
574 }
575 
576 /* Private */
577 
578 static int
579 get_salen(const struct sockaddr *sa)
580 {
581 
582 #ifdef HAVE_SA_LEN
583 	/* There are people do not set sa_len.  Be forgiving to them. */
584 	if (sa->sa_len)
585 		return (sa->sa_len);
586 #endif
587 
588 	if (sa->sa_family == AF_INET)
589 		return (sizeof(struct sockaddr_in));
590 	else if (sa->sa_family == AF_INET6)
591 		return (sizeof(struct sockaddr_in6));
592 	else
593 		return (0);	/*%< unknown, die on connect */
594 }
595 
596 /*%
597  * pick appropriate nsaddr_list for use.  see res_init() for initialization.
598  */
599 static struct sockaddr *
600 get_nsaddr(res_state statp, size_t n)
601 {
602 
603 	if (!statp->nsaddr_list[n].sin_family && EXT(statp).ext) {
604 		/*
605 		 * - EXT(statp).ext->nsaddrs[n] holds an address that is larger
606 		 *   than struct sockaddr, and
607 		 * - user code did not update statp->nsaddr_list[n].
608 		 */
609 		return (struct sockaddr *)(void *)&EXT(statp).ext->nsaddrs[n];
610 	} else {
611 		/*
612 		 * - user code updated statp->nsaddr_list[n], or
613 		 * - statp->nsaddr_list[n] has the same content as
614 		 *   EXT(statp).ext->nsaddrs[n].
615 		 */
616 		return (struct sockaddr *)(void *)&statp->nsaddr_list[n];
617 	}
618 }
619 
620 static int
621 send_vc(res_state statp,
622 	const u_char *buf, int buflen, u_char *ans, int anssiz,
623 	int *terrno, int ns)
624 {
625 	const HEADER *hp = (const HEADER *) buf;
626 	HEADER *anhp = (HEADER *) ans;
627 	struct sockaddr *nsap;
628 	int nsaplen;
629 	int truncating, connreset, resplen, n;
630 	struct iovec iov[2];
631 	u_short len;
632 	u_char *cp;
633 	void *tmp;
634 #ifdef SO_NOSIGPIPE
635 	int on = 1;
636 #endif
637 
638 	nsap = get_nsaddr(statp, ns);
639 	nsaplen = get_salen(nsap);
640 
641 	connreset = 0;
642  same_ns:
643 	truncating = 0;
644 
645 	/* Are we still talking to whom we want to talk to? */
646 	if (statp->_vcsock >= 0 && (statp->_flags & RES_F_VC) != 0) {
647 		struct sockaddr_storage peer;
648 		ISC_SOCKLEN_T size = sizeof peer;
649 
650 		if (_getpeername(statp->_vcsock,
651 				(struct sockaddr *)&peer, &size) < 0 ||
652 		    !sock_eq((struct sockaddr *)&peer, nsap)) {
653 			res_nclose(statp);
654 			statp->_flags &= ~RES_F_VC;
655 		}
656 	}
657 
658 	if (statp->_vcsock < 0 || (statp->_flags & RES_F_VC) == 0) {
659 		if (statp->_vcsock >= 0)
660 			res_nclose(statp);
661 
662 		statp->_vcsock = _socket(nsap->sa_family, SOCK_STREAM |
663 		    SOCK_CLOEXEC, 0);
664 #if !defined(USE_POLL) && !defined(USE_KQUEUE)
665 		if (statp->_vcsock > highestFD) {
666 			res_nclose(statp);
667 			errno = ENOTSOCK;
668 		}
669 #endif
670 		if (statp->_vcsock < 0) {
671 			switch (errno) {
672 			case EPROTONOSUPPORT:
673 #ifdef EPFNOSUPPORT
674 			case EPFNOSUPPORT:
675 #endif
676 			case EAFNOSUPPORT:
677 				Perror(statp, stderr, "socket(vc)", errno);
678 				return (0);
679 			default:
680 				*terrno = errno;
681 				Perror(statp, stderr, "socket(vc)", errno);
682 				return (-1);
683 			}
684 		}
685 #ifdef SO_NOSIGPIPE
686 		/*
687 		 * Disable generation of SIGPIPE when writing to a closed
688 		 * socket.  Write should return -1 and set errno to EPIPE
689 		 * instead.
690 		 *
691 		 * Push on even if setsockopt(SO_NOSIGPIPE) fails.
692 		 */
693 		(void)_setsockopt(statp->_vcsock, SOL_SOCKET, SO_NOSIGPIPE, &on,
694 				 sizeof(on));
695 #endif
696 		errno = 0;
697 		if (_connect(statp->_vcsock, nsap, nsaplen) < 0) {
698 			*terrno = errno;
699 			Aerror(statp, stderr, "connect/vc", errno, nsap,
700 			    nsaplen);
701 			res_nclose(statp);
702 			return (0);
703 		}
704 		statp->_flags |= RES_F_VC;
705 	}
706 
707 	/*
708 	 * Send length & message
709 	 */
710 	ns_put16((u_short)buflen, (u_char*)&len);
711 	iov[0] = evConsIovec(&len, INT16SZ);
712 	DE_CONST(buf, tmp);
713 	iov[1] = evConsIovec(tmp, buflen);
714 	if (_writev(statp->_vcsock, iov, 2) != (INT16SZ + buflen)) {
715 		*terrno = errno;
716 		Perror(statp, stderr, "write failed", errno);
717 		res_nclose(statp);
718 		return (0);
719 	}
720 	/*
721 	 * Receive length & response
722 	 */
723  read_len:
724 	cp = ans;
725 	len = INT16SZ;
726 	while ((n = _read(statp->_vcsock, (char *)cp, (int)len)) > 0) {
727 		cp += n;
728 		if ((len -= n) == 0)
729 			break;
730 	}
731 	if (n <= 0) {
732 		*terrno = errno;
733 		Perror(statp, stderr, "read failed", errno);
734 		res_nclose(statp);
735 		/*
736 		 * A long running process might get its TCP
737 		 * connection reset if the remote server was
738 		 * restarted.  Requery the server instead of
739 		 * trying a new one.  When there is only one
740 		 * server, this means that a query might work
741 		 * instead of failing.  We only allow one reset
742 		 * per query to prevent looping.
743 		 */
744 		if (*terrno == ECONNRESET && !connreset) {
745 			connreset = 1;
746 			res_nclose(statp);
747 			goto same_ns;
748 		}
749 		res_nclose(statp);
750 		return (0);
751 	}
752 	resplen = ns_get16(ans);
753 	if (resplen > anssiz) {
754 		Dprint(statp->options & RES_DEBUG,
755 		       (stdout, ";; response truncated\n")
756 		       );
757 		truncating = 1;
758 		len = anssiz;
759 	} else
760 		len = resplen;
761 	if (len < HFIXEDSZ) {
762 		/*
763 		 * Undersized message.
764 		 */
765 		Dprint(statp->options & RES_DEBUG,
766 		       (stdout, ";; undersized: %d\n", len));
767 		*terrno = EMSGSIZE;
768 		res_nclose(statp);
769 		return (0);
770 	}
771 	cp = ans;
772 	while (len != 0 &&
773 	    (n = _read(statp->_vcsock, (char *)cp, (int)len)) > 0) {
774 		cp += n;
775 		len -= n;
776 	}
777 	if (n <= 0) {
778 		*terrno = errno;
779 		Perror(statp, stderr, "read(vc)", errno);
780 		res_nclose(statp);
781 		return (0);
782 	}
783 	if (truncating) {
784 		/*
785 		 * Flush rest of answer so connection stays in synch.
786 		 */
787 		anhp->tc = 1;
788 		len = resplen - anssiz;
789 		while (len != 0) {
790 			char junk[PACKETSZ];
791 
792 			n = _read(statp->_vcsock, junk,
793 			    (len > sizeof junk) ? sizeof junk : len);
794 			if (n > 0)
795 				len -= n;
796 			else
797 				break;
798 		}
799 	}
800 	/*
801 	 * If the calling applicating has bailed out of
802 	 * a previous call and failed to arrange to have
803 	 * the circuit closed or the server has got
804 	 * itself confused, then drop the packet and
805 	 * wait for the correct one.
806 	 */
807 	if (hp->id != anhp->id) {
808 		DprintQ((statp->options & RES_DEBUG) ||
809 			(statp->pfcode & RES_PRF_REPLY),
810 			(stdout, ";; old answer (unexpected):\n"),
811 			ans, (resplen > anssiz) ? anssiz: resplen);
812 		goto read_len;
813 	}
814 
815 	/*
816 	 * All is well, or the error is fatal.  Signal that the
817 	 * next nameserver ought not be tried.
818 	 */
819 	return (resplen);
820 }
821 
822 static int
823 send_dg(res_state statp,
824 #ifdef USE_KQUEUE
825 	int kq,
826 #endif
827 	const u_char *buf, int buflen, u_char *ans,
828 	int anssiz, int *terrno, int ns, int tries, int *v_circuit,
829 	int *gotsomewhere)
830 {
831 	const HEADER *hp = (const HEADER *) buf;
832 	HEADER *anhp = (HEADER *) ans;
833 	const struct sockaddr *nsap;
834 	int nsaplen;
835 	struct timespec now, timeout, finish;
836 	struct sockaddr_storage from;
837 	ISC_SOCKLEN_T fromlen;
838 	int resplen, seconds, n, s;
839 #ifdef USE_KQUEUE
840 	struct kevent kv;
841 #else
842 #ifdef USE_POLL
843 	int     polltimeout;
844 	struct pollfd   pollfd;
845 #else
846 	fd_set dsmask;
847 #endif
848 #endif
849 
850 	nsap = get_nsaddr(statp, ns);
851 	nsaplen = get_salen(nsap);
852 	if (EXT(statp).nssocks[ns] == -1) {
853 		EXT(statp).nssocks[ns] = _socket(nsap->sa_family,
854 		    SOCK_DGRAM | SOCK_CLOEXEC, 0);
855 #if !defined(USE_POLL) && !defined(USE_KQUEUE)
856 		if (EXT(statp).nssocks[ns] > highestFD) {
857 			res_nclose(statp);
858 			errno = ENOTSOCK;
859 		}
860 #endif
861 		if (EXT(statp).nssocks[ns] < 0) {
862 			switch (errno) {
863 			case EPROTONOSUPPORT:
864 #ifdef EPFNOSUPPORT
865 			case EPFNOSUPPORT:
866 #endif
867 			case EAFNOSUPPORT:
868 				Perror(statp, stderr, "socket(dg)", errno);
869 				return (0);
870 			default:
871 				*terrno = errno;
872 				Perror(statp, stderr, "socket(dg)", errno);
873 				return (-1);
874 			}
875 		}
876 #ifndef CANNOT_CONNECT_DGRAM
877 		/*
878 		 * On a 4.3BSD+ machine (client and server,
879 		 * actually), sending to a nameserver datagram
880 		 * port with no nameserver will cause an
881 		 * ICMP port unreachable message to be returned.
882 		 * If our datagram socket is "connected" to the
883 		 * server, we get an ECONNREFUSED error on the next
884 		 * socket operation, and select returns if the
885 		 * error message is received.  We can thus detect
886 		 * the absence of a nameserver without timing out.
887 		 *
888 		 * When the option "insecure1" is specified, we'd
889 		 * rather expect to see responses from an "unknown"
890 		 * address.  In order to let the kernel accept such
891 		 * responses, do not connect the socket here.
892 		 * XXX: or do we need an explicit option to disable
893 		 * connecting?
894 		 */
895 		if (!(statp->options & RES_INSECURE1) &&
896 		    _connect(EXT(statp).nssocks[ns], nsap, nsaplen) < 0) {
897 			Aerror(statp, stderr, "connect(dg)", errno, nsap,
898 			    nsaplen);
899 			res_nclose(statp);
900 			return (0);
901 		}
902 #endif /* !CANNOT_CONNECT_DGRAM */
903 		Dprint(statp->options & RES_DEBUG,
904 		       (stdout, ";; new DG socket\n"))
905 	}
906 	s = EXT(statp).nssocks[ns];
907 #ifndef CANNOT_CONNECT_DGRAM
908 	if (statp->options & RES_INSECURE1) {
909 		if (_sendto(s,
910 		    (const char*)buf, buflen, 0, nsap, nsaplen) != buflen) {
911 			Aerror(statp, stderr, "sendto", errno, nsap, nsaplen);
912 			res_nclose(statp);
913 			return (0);
914 		}
915 	} else if (send(s, (const char*)buf, buflen, 0) != buflen) {
916 		Perror(statp, stderr, "send", errno);
917 		res_nclose(statp);
918 		return (0);
919 	}
920 #else /* !CANNOT_CONNECT_DGRAM */
921 	if (_sendto(s, (const char*)buf, buflen, 0, nsap, nsaplen) != buflen)
922 	{
923 		Aerror(statp, stderr, "sendto", errno, nsap, nsaplen);
924 		res_nclose(statp);
925 		return (0);
926 	}
927 #endif /* !CANNOT_CONNECT_DGRAM */
928 
929 	/*
930 	 * Wait for reply.
931 	 */
932 	seconds = (statp->retrans << tries);
933 	if (ns > 0)
934 		seconds /= statp->nscount;
935 	if (seconds <= 0)
936 		seconds = 1;
937 	now = evNowTime();
938 	timeout = evConsTime(seconds, 0);
939 	finish = evAddTime(now, timeout);
940 	goto nonow;
941  wait:
942 	now = evNowTime();
943  nonow:
944 #ifndef USE_POLL
945 	if (evCmpTime(finish, now) > 0)
946 		timeout = evSubTime(finish, now);
947 	else
948 		timeout = evConsTime(0, 0);
949 #ifdef USE_KQUEUE
950 	EV_SET(&kv, s, EVFILT_READ, EV_ADD | EV_ONESHOT, 0, 0, 0);
951 	n = _kevent(kq, &kv, 1, &kv, 1, &timeout);
952 #else
953 	FD_ZERO(&dsmask);
954 	FD_SET(s, &dsmask);
955 	n = pselect(s + 1, &dsmask, NULL, NULL, &timeout, NULL);
956 #endif
957 #else
958 	timeout = evSubTime(finish, now);
959 	if (timeout.tv_sec < 0)
960 		timeout = evConsTime(0, 0);
961 	polltimeout = 1000*timeout.tv_sec +
962 		timeout.tv_nsec/1000000;
963 	pollfd.fd = s;
964 	pollfd.events = POLLRDNORM;
965 	n = _poll(&pollfd, 1, polltimeout);
966 #endif /* USE_POLL */
967 
968 	if (n == 0) {
969 		Dprint(statp->options & RES_DEBUG, (stdout, ";; timeout\n"));
970 		*gotsomewhere = 1;
971 		return (0);
972 	}
973 	if (n < 0) {
974 		if (errno == EINTR)
975 			goto wait;
976 #ifdef USE_KQUEUE
977 		Perror(statp, stderr, "kevent", errno);
978 #else
979 #ifndef USE_POLL
980 		Perror(statp, stderr, "select", errno);
981 #else
982 		Perror(statp, stderr, "poll", errno);
983 #endif /* USE_POLL */
984 #endif
985 		res_nclose(statp);
986 		return (0);
987 	}
988 #ifdef USE_KQUEUE
989 	if (kv.ident != s)
990 		goto wait;
991 #endif
992 	errno = 0;
993 	fromlen = sizeof(from);
994 	resplen = _recvfrom(s, (char*)ans, anssiz,0,
995 			   (struct sockaddr *)&from, &fromlen);
996 	if (resplen <= 0) {
997 		Perror(statp, stderr, "recvfrom", errno);
998 		res_nclose(statp);
999 		return (0);
1000 	}
1001 	*gotsomewhere = 1;
1002 	if (resplen < HFIXEDSZ) {
1003 		/*
1004 		 * Undersized message.
1005 		 */
1006 		Dprint(statp->options & RES_DEBUG,
1007 		       (stdout, ";; undersized: %d\n",
1008 			resplen));
1009 		*terrno = EMSGSIZE;
1010 		res_nclose(statp);
1011 		return (0);
1012 	}
1013 	if (hp->id != anhp->id) {
1014 		/*
1015 		 * response from old query, ignore it.
1016 		 * XXX - potential security hazard could
1017 		 *	 be detected here.
1018 		 */
1019 		DprintQ((statp->options & RES_DEBUG) ||
1020 			(statp->pfcode & RES_PRF_REPLY),
1021 			(stdout, ";; old answer:\n"),
1022 			ans, (resplen > anssiz) ? anssiz : resplen);
1023 		goto wait;
1024 	}
1025 	if (!(statp->options & RES_INSECURE1) &&
1026 	    !res_ourserver_p(statp, (struct sockaddr *)&from)) {
1027 		/*
1028 		 * response from wrong server? ignore it.
1029 		 * XXX - potential security hazard could
1030 		 *	 be detected here.
1031 		 */
1032 		DprintQ((statp->options & RES_DEBUG) ||
1033 			(statp->pfcode & RES_PRF_REPLY),
1034 			(stdout, ";; not our server:\n"),
1035 			ans, (resplen > anssiz) ? anssiz : resplen);
1036 		goto wait;
1037 	}
1038 #ifdef RES_USE_EDNS0
1039 	if (anhp->rcode == FORMERR && (statp->options & RES_USE_EDNS0) != 0U) {
1040 		/*
1041 		 * Do not retry if the server do not understand EDNS0.
1042 		 * The case has to be captured here, as FORMERR packet do not
1043 		 * carry query section, hence res_queriesmatch() returns 0.
1044 		 */
1045 		DprintQ(statp->options & RES_DEBUG,
1046 			(stdout, "server rejected query with EDNS0:\n"),
1047 			ans, (resplen > anssiz) ? anssiz : resplen);
1048 		/* record the error */
1049 		statp->_flags |= RES_F_EDNS0ERR;
1050 		res_nclose(statp);
1051 		return (0);
1052 	}
1053 #endif
1054 	if (!(statp->options & RES_INSECURE2) &&
1055 	    !res_queriesmatch(buf, buf + buflen,
1056 			      ans, ans + anssiz)) {
1057 		/*
1058 		 * response contains wrong query? ignore it.
1059 		 * XXX - potential security hazard could
1060 		 *	 be detected here.
1061 		 */
1062 		DprintQ((statp->options & RES_DEBUG) ||
1063 			(statp->pfcode & RES_PRF_REPLY),
1064 			(stdout, ";; wrong query name:\n"),
1065 			ans, (resplen > anssiz) ? anssiz : resplen);
1066 		goto wait;
1067 	}
1068 	if (anhp->rcode == SERVFAIL ||
1069 	    anhp->rcode == NOTIMP ||
1070 	    anhp->rcode == REFUSED) {
1071 		DprintQ(statp->options & RES_DEBUG,
1072 			(stdout, "server rejected query:\n"),
1073 			ans, (resplen > anssiz) ? anssiz : resplen);
1074 		res_nclose(statp);
1075 		/* don't retry if called from dig */
1076 		if (!statp->pfcode)
1077 			return (0);
1078 	}
1079 	if (!(statp->options & RES_IGNTC) && anhp->tc) {
1080 		/*
1081 		 * To get the rest of answer,
1082 		 * use TCP with same server.
1083 		 */
1084 		Dprint(statp->options & RES_DEBUG,
1085 		       (stdout, ";; truncated answer\n"));
1086 		*v_circuit = 1;
1087 		res_nclose(statp);
1088 		return (1);
1089 	}
1090 	/*
1091 	 * All is well, or the error is fatal.  Signal that the
1092 	 * next nameserver ought not be tried.
1093 	 */
1094 	return (resplen);
1095 }
1096 
1097 static void
1098 Aerror(const res_state statp, FILE *file, const char *string, int error,
1099        const struct sockaddr *address, int alen)
1100 {
1101 	int save = errno;
1102 	char hbuf[NI_MAXHOST];
1103 	char sbuf[NI_MAXSERV];
1104 
1105 	if ((statp->options & RES_DEBUG) != 0U) {
1106 		if (getnameinfo(address, alen, hbuf, sizeof(hbuf),
1107 		    sbuf, sizeof(sbuf), niflags)) {
1108 			strncpy(hbuf, "?", sizeof(hbuf) - 1);
1109 			hbuf[sizeof(hbuf) - 1] = '\0';
1110 			strncpy(sbuf, "?", sizeof(sbuf) - 1);
1111 			sbuf[sizeof(sbuf) - 1] = '\0';
1112 		}
1113 		fprintf(file, "res_send: %s ([%s].%s): %s\n",
1114 			string, hbuf, sbuf, strerror(error));
1115 	}
1116 	errno = save;
1117 }
1118 
1119 static void
1120 Perror(const res_state statp, FILE *file, const char *string, int error) {
1121 	int save = errno;
1122 
1123 	if ((statp->options & RES_DEBUG) != 0U)
1124 		fprintf(file, "res_send: %s: %s\n",
1125 			string, strerror(error));
1126 	errno = save;
1127 }
1128 
1129 static int
1130 sock_eq(struct sockaddr *a, struct sockaddr *b) {
1131 	struct sockaddr_in *a4, *b4;
1132 	struct sockaddr_in6 *a6, *b6;
1133 
1134 	if (a->sa_family != b->sa_family)
1135 		return 0;
1136 	switch (a->sa_family) {
1137 	case AF_INET:
1138 		a4 = (struct sockaddr_in *)a;
1139 		b4 = (struct sockaddr_in *)b;
1140 		return a4->sin_port == b4->sin_port &&
1141 		    a4->sin_addr.s_addr == b4->sin_addr.s_addr;
1142 	case AF_INET6:
1143 		a6 = (struct sockaddr_in6 *)a;
1144 		b6 = (struct sockaddr_in6 *)b;
1145 		return a6->sin6_port == b6->sin6_port &&
1146 #ifdef HAVE_SIN6_SCOPE_ID
1147 		    a6->sin6_scope_id == b6->sin6_scope_id &&
1148 #endif
1149 		    IN6_ARE_ADDR_EQUAL(&a6->sin6_addr, &b6->sin6_addr);
1150 	default:
1151 		return 0;
1152 	}
1153 }
1154 
1155 #if defined(NEED_PSELECT) && !defined(USE_POLL) && !defined(USE_KQUEUE)
1156 /* XXX needs to move to the porting library. */
1157 static int
1158 pselect(int nfds, void *rfds, void *wfds, void *efds,
1159 	struct timespec *tsp, const sigset_t *sigmask)
1160 {
1161 	struct timeval tv, *tvp;
1162 	sigset_t sigs;
1163 	int n;
1164 
1165 	if (tsp) {
1166 		tvp = &tv;
1167 		tv = evTimeVal(*tsp);
1168 	} else
1169 		tvp = NULL;
1170 	if (sigmask)
1171 		sigprocmask(SIG_SETMASK, sigmask, &sigs);
1172 	n = select(nfds, rfds, wfds, efds, tvp);
1173 	if (sigmask)
1174 		sigprocmask(SIG_SETMASK, &sigs, NULL);
1175 	if (tsp)
1176 		*tsp = evTimeSpec(tv);
1177 	return (n);
1178 }
1179 #endif
1180