xref: /freebsd/lib/libc/net/getaddrinfo.c (revision f61ac9d9bd906891feadcabecfe2b92d9e3e97a4)
1 /*	$KAME: getaddrinfo.c,v 1.15 2000/07/09 04:37:24 itojun Exp $	*/
2 
3 /*
4  * Copyright (C) 1995, 1996, 1997, and 1998 WIDE Project.
5  * All rights reserved.
6  *
7  * Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
8  * modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions
9  * are met:
10  * 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
11  *    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
12  * 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright
13  *    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the
14  *    documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
15  * 3. Neither the name of the project nor the names of its contributors
16  *    may be used to endorse or promote products derived from this software
17  *    without specific prior written permission.
18  *
19  * THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE PROJECT AND CONTRIBUTORS ``AS IS'' AND
20  * ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE
21  * IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE
22  * ARE DISCLAIMED.  IN NO EVENT SHALL THE PROJECT OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE
23  * FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL
24  * DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS
25  * OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION)
26  * HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT
27  * LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY
28  * OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF
29  * SUCH DAMAGE.
30  */
31 
32 /*
33  * "#ifdef FAITH" part is local hack for supporting IPv4-v6 translator.
34  *
35  * Issues to be discussed:
36  * - Return values.  There are nonstandard return values defined and used
37  *   in the source code.  This is because RFC2553 is silent about which error
38  *   code must be returned for which situation.
39  * - freeaddrinfo(NULL).  RFC2553 is silent about it.  XNET 5.2 says it is
40  *   invalid.  current code - SEGV on freeaddrinfo(NULL)
41  *
42  * Note:
43  * - The code filters out AFs that are not supported by the kernel,
44  *   when globbing NULL hostname (to loopback, or wildcard).  Is it the right
45  *   thing to do?  What is the relationship with post-RFC2553 AI_ADDRCONFIG
46  *   in ai_flags?
47  * - (post-2553) semantics of AI_ADDRCONFIG itself is too vague.
48  *   (1) what should we do against numeric hostname (2) what should we do
49  *   against NULL hostname (3) what is AI_ADDRCONFIG itself.  AF not ready?
50  *   non-loopback address configured?  global address configured?
51  *
52  * OS specific notes for freebsd4:
53  * - FreeBSD supported $GAI.  The code does not.
54  */
55 
56 #include <sys/cdefs.h>
57 __FBSDID("$FreeBSD$");
58 
59 #include "namespace.h"
60 #include <sys/types.h>
61 #include <sys/param.h>
62 #include <sys/socket.h>
63 #include <net/if.h>
64 #include <netinet/in.h>
65 #include <sys/queue.h>
66 #ifdef INET6
67 #include <net/if_var.h>
68 #include <sys/sysctl.h>
69 #include <sys/ioctl.h>
70 #include <netinet6/in6_var.h>	/* XXX */
71 #endif
72 #include <arpa/inet.h>
73 #include <arpa/nameser.h>
74 #include <rpc/rpc.h>
75 #include <rpcsvc/yp_prot.h>
76 #include <rpcsvc/ypclnt.h>
77 #include <netdb.h>
78 #include <resolv.h>
79 #include <string.h>
80 #include <stdlib.h>
81 #include <stddef.h>
82 #include <ctype.h>
83 #include <unistd.h>
84 #include <stdio.h>
85 #include <errno.h>
86 
87 #include "res_config.h"
88 
89 #ifdef DEBUG
90 #include <syslog.h>
91 #endif
92 
93 #include <stdarg.h>
94 #include <nsswitch.h>
95 #include "un-namespace.h"
96 #include "libc_private.h"
97 #ifdef NS_CACHING
98 #include "nscache.h"
99 #endif
100 
101 #if defined(__KAME__) && defined(INET6)
102 # define FAITH
103 #endif
104 
105 #define ANY 0
106 #define YES 1
107 #define NO  0
108 
109 static const char in_addrany[] = { 0, 0, 0, 0 };
110 static const char in_loopback[] = { 127, 0, 0, 1 };
111 #ifdef INET6
112 static const char in6_addrany[] = {
113 	0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0
114 };
115 static const char in6_loopback[] = {
116 	0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 1
117 };
118 #endif
119 
120 struct policyqueue {
121 	TAILQ_ENTRY(policyqueue) pc_entry;
122 #ifdef INET6
123 	struct in6_addrpolicy pc_policy;
124 #endif
125 };
126 TAILQ_HEAD(policyhead, policyqueue);
127 
128 static const struct afd {
129 	int a_af;
130 	int a_addrlen;
131 	socklen_t a_socklen;
132 	int a_off;
133 	const char *a_addrany;
134 	const char *a_loopback;
135 	int a_scoped;
136 } afdl [] = {
137 #ifdef INET6
138 #define	N_INET6 0
139 	{PF_INET6, sizeof(struct in6_addr),
140 	 sizeof(struct sockaddr_in6),
141 	 offsetof(struct sockaddr_in6, sin6_addr),
142 	 in6_addrany, in6_loopback, 1},
143 #define	N_INET 1
144 #else
145 #define	N_INET 0
146 #endif
147 	{PF_INET, sizeof(struct in_addr),
148 	 sizeof(struct sockaddr_in),
149 	 offsetof(struct sockaddr_in, sin_addr),
150 	 in_addrany, in_loopback, 0},
151 	{0, 0, 0, 0, NULL, NULL, 0},
152 };
153 
154 struct explore {
155 	int e_af;
156 	int e_socktype;
157 	int e_protocol;
158 	const char *e_protostr;
159 	int e_wild;
160 #define WILD_AF(ex)		((ex)->e_wild & 0x01)
161 #define WILD_SOCKTYPE(ex)	((ex)->e_wild & 0x02)
162 #define WILD_PROTOCOL(ex)	((ex)->e_wild & 0x04)
163 };
164 
165 static const struct explore explore[] = {
166 #if 0
167 	{ PF_LOCAL, ANY, ANY, NULL, 0x01 },
168 #endif
169 #ifdef INET6
170 	{ PF_INET6, SOCK_DGRAM, IPPROTO_UDP, "udp", 0x07 },
171 	{ PF_INET6, SOCK_STREAM, IPPROTO_TCP, "tcp", 0x07 },
172 	{ PF_INET6, SOCK_STREAM, IPPROTO_SCTP, "sctp", 0x03 },
173 	{ PF_INET6, SOCK_SEQPACKET, IPPROTO_SCTP, "sctp", 0x07 },
174 	{ PF_INET6, SOCK_RAW, ANY, NULL, 0x05 },
175 #endif
176 	{ PF_INET, SOCK_DGRAM, IPPROTO_UDP, "udp", 0x07 },
177 	{ PF_INET, SOCK_STREAM, IPPROTO_TCP, "tcp", 0x07 },
178 	{ PF_INET, SOCK_STREAM, IPPROTO_SCTP, "sctp", 0x03 },
179 	{ PF_INET, SOCK_SEQPACKET, IPPROTO_SCTP, "sctp", 0x07 },
180 	{ PF_INET, SOCK_RAW, ANY, NULL, 0x05 },
181 	{ -1, 0, 0, NULL, 0 },
182 };
183 
184 #ifdef INET6
185 #define PTON_MAX	16
186 #else
187 #define PTON_MAX	4
188 #endif
189 
190 #define AIO_SRCFLAG_DEPRECATED	0x1
191 
192 struct ai_order {
193 	union {
194 		struct sockaddr_storage aiou_ss;
195 		struct sockaddr aiou_sa;
196 	} aio_src_un;
197 #define aio_srcsa aio_src_un.aiou_sa
198 	u_int32_t aio_srcflag;
199 	int aio_srcscope;
200 	int aio_dstscope;
201 	struct policyqueue *aio_srcpolicy;
202 	struct policyqueue *aio_dstpolicy;
203 	struct addrinfo *aio_ai;
204 	int aio_matchlen;
205 };
206 
207 static const ns_src default_dns_files[] = {
208 	{ NSSRC_FILES, 	NS_SUCCESS },
209 	{ NSSRC_DNS, 	NS_SUCCESS },
210 	{ 0 }
211 };
212 
213 struct res_target {
214 	struct res_target *next;
215 	const char *name;	/* domain name */
216 	int qclass, qtype;	/* class and type of query */
217 	u_char *answer;		/* buffer to put answer */
218 	int anslen;		/* size of answer buffer */
219 	int n;			/* result length */
220 };
221 
222 #define MAXPACKET	(64*1024)
223 
224 typedef union {
225 	HEADER hdr;
226 	u_char buf[MAXPACKET];
227 } querybuf;
228 
229 static int str2number(const char *, int *);
230 static int explore_copy(const struct addrinfo *, const struct addrinfo *,
231 	struct addrinfo **);
232 static int explore_null(const struct addrinfo *,
233 	const char *, struct addrinfo **);
234 static int explore_numeric(const struct addrinfo *, const char *,
235 	const char *, struct addrinfo **, const char *);
236 static int explore_numeric_scope(const struct addrinfo *, const char *,
237 	const char *, struct addrinfo **);
238 static int get_canonname(const struct addrinfo *,
239 	struct addrinfo *, const char *);
240 static struct addrinfo *get_ai(const struct addrinfo *,
241 	const struct afd *, const char *);
242 static struct addrinfo *copy_ai(const struct addrinfo *);
243 static int get_portmatch(const struct addrinfo *, const char *);
244 static int get_port(struct addrinfo *, const char *, int);
245 static const struct afd *find_afd(int);
246 static int addrconfig(struct addrinfo *);
247 static void set_source(struct ai_order *, struct policyhead *);
248 static int comp_dst(const void *, const void *);
249 #ifdef INET6
250 static int ip6_str2scopeid(char *, struct sockaddr_in6 *, u_int32_t *);
251 #endif
252 static int gai_addr2scopetype(struct sockaddr *);
253 
254 static int explore_fqdn(const struct addrinfo *, const char *,
255 	const char *, struct addrinfo **);
256 
257 static int reorder(struct addrinfo *);
258 static int get_addrselectpolicy(struct policyhead *);
259 static void free_addrselectpolicy(struct policyhead *);
260 static struct policyqueue *match_addrselectpolicy(struct sockaddr *,
261 	struct policyhead *);
262 static int matchlen(struct sockaddr *, struct sockaddr *);
263 
264 static struct addrinfo *getanswer(const querybuf *, int, const char *, int,
265 	const struct addrinfo *, res_state);
266 #if defined(RESOLVSORT)
267 static int addr4sort(struct addrinfo *, res_state);
268 #endif
269 static int _dns_getaddrinfo(void *, void *, va_list);
270 static void _sethtent(FILE **);
271 static void _endhtent(FILE **);
272 static struct addrinfo *_gethtent(FILE **, const char *,
273 	const struct addrinfo *);
274 static int _files_getaddrinfo(void *, void *, va_list);
275 #ifdef YP
276 static struct addrinfo *_yphostent(char *, const struct addrinfo *);
277 static int _yp_getaddrinfo(void *, void *, va_list);
278 #endif
279 #ifdef NS_CACHING
280 static int addrinfo_id_func(char *, size_t *, va_list, void *);
281 static int addrinfo_marshal_func(char *, size_t *, void *, va_list, void *);
282 static int addrinfo_unmarshal_func(char *, size_t, void *, va_list, void *);
283 #endif
284 
285 static int res_queryN(const char *, struct res_target *, res_state);
286 static int res_searchN(const char *, struct res_target *, res_state);
287 static int res_querydomainN(const char *, const char *,
288 	struct res_target *, res_state);
289 
290 /* XXX macros that make external reference is BAD. */
291 
292 #define GET_AI(ai, afd, addr) \
293 do { \
294 	/* external reference: pai, error, and label free */ \
295 	(ai) = get_ai(pai, (afd), (addr)); \
296 	if ((ai) == NULL) { \
297 		error = EAI_MEMORY; \
298 		goto free; \
299 	} \
300 } while (/*CONSTCOND*/0)
301 
302 #define GET_PORT(ai, serv) \
303 do { \
304 	/* external reference: error and label free */ \
305 	error = get_port((ai), (serv), 0); \
306 	if (error != 0) \
307 		goto free; \
308 } while (/*CONSTCOND*/0)
309 
310 #define GET_CANONNAME(ai, str) \
311 do { \
312 	/* external reference: pai, error and label free */ \
313 	error = get_canonname(pai, (ai), (str)); \
314 	if (error != 0) \
315 		goto free; \
316 } while (/*CONSTCOND*/0)
317 
318 #define ERR(err) \
319 do { \
320 	/* external reference: error, and label bad */ \
321 	error = (err); \
322 	goto bad; \
323 	/*NOTREACHED*/ \
324 } while (/*CONSTCOND*/0)
325 
326 #define MATCH_FAMILY(x, y, w) \
327 	((x) == (y) || (/*CONSTCOND*/(w) && ((x) == PF_UNSPEC || (y) == PF_UNSPEC)))
328 #define MATCH(x, y, w) \
329 	((x) == (y) || (/*CONSTCOND*/(w) && ((x) == ANY || (y) == ANY)))
330 
331 void
332 freeaddrinfo(struct addrinfo *ai)
333 {
334 	struct addrinfo *next;
335 
336 	do {
337 		next = ai->ai_next;
338 		if (ai->ai_canonname)
339 			free(ai->ai_canonname);
340 		/* no need to free(ai->ai_addr) */
341 		free(ai);
342 		ai = next;
343 	} while (ai);
344 }
345 
346 static int
347 str2number(const char *p, int *portp)
348 {
349 	char *ep;
350 	unsigned long v;
351 
352 	if (*p == '\0')
353 		return -1;
354 	ep = NULL;
355 	errno = 0;
356 	v = strtoul(p, &ep, 10);
357 	if (errno == 0 && ep && *ep == '\0' && v <= UINT_MAX) {
358 		*portp = v;
359 		return 0;
360 	} else
361 		return -1;
362 }
363 
364 int
365 getaddrinfo(const char *hostname, const char *servname,
366     const struct addrinfo *hints, struct addrinfo **res)
367 {
368 	struct addrinfo sentinel;
369 	struct addrinfo *cur;
370 	int error = 0;
371 	struct addrinfo ai, ai0, *afai;
372 	struct addrinfo *pai;
373 	const struct afd *afd;
374 	const struct explore *ex;
375 	struct addrinfo *afailist[sizeof(afdl)/sizeof(afdl[0])];
376 	struct addrinfo *afai_unspec;
377 	int found;
378 	int numeric = 0;
379 
380 	/* ensure we return NULL on errors */
381 	*res = NULL;
382 
383 	memset(&ai, 0, sizeof(ai));
384 
385 	memset(afailist, 0, sizeof(afailist));
386 	afai_unspec = NULL;
387 
388 	memset(&sentinel, 0, sizeof(sentinel));
389 	cur = &sentinel;
390 	pai = &ai;
391 	pai->ai_flags = 0;
392 	pai->ai_family = PF_UNSPEC;
393 	pai->ai_socktype = ANY;
394 	pai->ai_protocol = ANY;
395 	pai->ai_addrlen = 0;
396 	pai->ai_canonname = NULL;
397 	pai->ai_addr = NULL;
398 	pai->ai_next = NULL;
399 
400 	if (hostname == NULL && servname == NULL)
401 		return EAI_NONAME;
402 	if (hints) {
403 		/* error check for hints */
404 		if (hints->ai_addrlen || hints->ai_canonname ||
405 		    hints->ai_addr || hints->ai_next)
406 			ERR(EAI_BADHINTS); /* xxx */
407 		if (hints->ai_flags & ~AI_MASK)
408 			ERR(EAI_BADFLAGS);
409 		switch (hints->ai_family) {
410 		case PF_UNSPEC:
411 		case PF_INET:
412 #ifdef INET6
413 		case PF_INET6:
414 #endif
415 			break;
416 		default:
417 			ERR(EAI_FAMILY);
418 		}
419 		memcpy(pai, hints, sizeof(*pai));
420 
421 		/*
422 		 * if both socktype/protocol are specified, check if they
423 		 * are meaningful combination.
424 		 */
425 		if (pai->ai_socktype != ANY && pai->ai_protocol != ANY) {
426 			for (ex = explore; ex->e_af >= 0; ex++) {
427 				if (!MATCH_FAMILY(pai->ai_family, ex->e_af,
428 				    WILD_AF(ex)))
429 					continue;
430 				if (!MATCH(pai->ai_socktype, ex->e_socktype,
431 				    WILD_SOCKTYPE(ex)))
432 					continue;
433 				if (!MATCH(pai->ai_protocol, ex->e_protocol,
434 				    WILD_PROTOCOL(ex)))
435 					continue;
436 
437 				/* matched */
438 				break;
439 			}
440 
441 			if (ex->e_af < 0)
442 				ERR(EAI_BADHINTS);
443 		}
444 	}
445 
446 	/*
447 	 * check for special cases.  (1) numeric servname is disallowed if
448 	 * socktype/protocol are left unspecified. (2) servname is disallowed
449 	 * for raw and other inet{,6} sockets.
450 	 */
451 	if (MATCH_FAMILY(pai->ai_family, PF_INET, 1)
452 #ifdef PF_INET6
453 	    || MATCH_FAMILY(pai->ai_family, PF_INET6, 1)
454 #endif
455 	    ) {
456 		ai0 = *pai;	/* backup *pai */
457 
458 		if (pai->ai_family == PF_UNSPEC) {
459 #ifdef PF_INET6
460 			pai->ai_family = PF_INET6;
461 #else
462 			pai->ai_family = PF_INET;
463 #endif
464 		}
465 		error = get_portmatch(pai, servname);
466 		if (error)
467 			goto bad;
468 
469 		*pai = ai0;
470 	}
471 
472 	ai0 = *pai;
473 
474 	/*
475 	 * NULL hostname, or numeric hostname.
476 	 * If numeric representation of AF1 can be interpreted as FQDN
477 	 * representation of AF2, we need to think again about the code below.
478 	 */
479 	found = 0;
480 	for (afd = afdl; afd->a_af; afd++) {
481 		*pai = ai0;
482 
483 		if (!MATCH_FAMILY(pai->ai_family, afd->a_af, 1))
484 			continue;
485 
486 		if (pai->ai_family == PF_UNSPEC)
487 			pai->ai_family = afd->a_af;
488 
489 		if (hostname == NULL) {
490 			error = explore_null(pai, servname,
491 			    &afailist[afd - afdl]);
492 
493 			/*
494 			 * Errors from explore_null should be unexpected and
495 			 * be caught to avoid returning an incomplete result.
496 			 */
497 			if (error != 0)
498 				goto bad;
499 		} else {
500 			error = explore_numeric_scope(pai, hostname, servname,
501 			    &afailist[afd - afdl]);
502 
503 			/*
504 			 * explore_numeric_scope returns an error for address
505 			 * families that do not match that of hostname.
506 			 * Thus we should not catch the error at this moment.
507 			 */
508 		}
509 
510 		if (!error && afailist[afd - afdl])
511 			found++;
512 	}
513 	if (found) {
514 		numeric = 1;
515 		goto globcopy;
516 	}
517 
518 	if (hostname == NULL)
519 		ERR(EAI_NONAME);	/* used to be EAI_NODATA */
520 	if (pai->ai_flags & AI_NUMERICHOST)
521 		ERR(EAI_NONAME);
522 
523 	if ((pai->ai_flags & AI_ADDRCONFIG) != 0 && !addrconfig(&ai0))
524 		ERR(EAI_FAIL);
525 
526 	/*
527 	 * hostname as alphabetical name.
528 	 */
529 	*pai = ai0;
530 	error = explore_fqdn(pai, hostname, servname, &afai_unspec);
531 
532 globcopy:
533 	for (ex = explore; ex->e_af >= 0; ex++) {
534 		*pai = ai0;
535 
536 		if (!MATCH_FAMILY(pai->ai_family, ex->e_af, WILD_AF(ex)))
537 			continue;
538 		if (!MATCH(pai->ai_socktype, ex->e_socktype,
539 		    WILD_SOCKTYPE(ex)))
540 			continue;
541 		if (!MATCH(pai->ai_protocol, ex->e_protocol,
542 		    WILD_PROTOCOL(ex)))
543 			continue;
544 
545 		if (pai->ai_family == PF_UNSPEC)
546 			pai->ai_family = ex->e_af;
547 		if (pai->ai_socktype == ANY && ex->e_socktype != ANY)
548 			pai->ai_socktype = ex->e_socktype;
549 		if (pai->ai_protocol == ANY && ex->e_protocol != ANY)
550 			pai->ai_protocol = ex->e_protocol;
551 
552 		/*
553 		 * if the servname does not match socktype/protocol, ignore it.
554 		 */
555 		if (get_portmatch(pai, servname) != 0)
556 			continue;
557 
558 		if (afai_unspec)
559 			afai = afai_unspec;
560 		else {
561 			if ((afd = find_afd(pai->ai_family)) == NULL)
562 				continue;
563 			/* XXX assumes that afd points inside afdl[] */
564 			afai = afailist[afd - afdl];
565 		}
566 		if (!afai)
567 			continue;
568 
569 		error = explore_copy(pai, afai, &cur->ai_next);
570 		if (error != 0)
571 			goto bad;
572 
573 		while (cur && cur->ai_next)
574 			cur = cur->ai_next;
575 	}
576 
577 	/*
578 	 * ensure we return either:
579 	 * - error == 0, non-NULL *res
580 	 * - error != 0, NULL *res
581 	 */
582 	if (error == 0) {
583 		if (sentinel.ai_next) {
584 			/*
585 			 * If the returned entry is for an active connection,
586 			 * and the given name is not numeric, reorder the
587 			 * list, so that the application would try the list
588 			 * in the most efficient order.  Since the head entry
589 			 * of the original list may contain ai_canonname and
590 			 * that entry may be moved elsewhere in the new list,
591 			 * we keep the pointer and will  restore it in the new
592 			 * head entry.  (Note that RFC3493 requires the head
593 			 * entry store it when requested by the caller).
594 			 */
595 			if (hints == NULL || !(hints->ai_flags & AI_PASSIVE)) {
596 				if (!numeric) {
597 					char *canonname;
598 
599 					canonname =
600 					    sentinel.ai_next->ai_canonname;
601 					sentinel.ai_next->ai_canonname = NULL;
602 					(void)reorder(&sentinel);
603 					if (sentinel.ai_next->ai_canonname ==
604 					    NULL) {
605 						sentinel.ai_next->ai_canonname
606 						    = canonname;
607 					} else if (canonname != NULL)
608 						free(canonname);
609 				}
610 			}
611 			*res = sentinel.ai_next;
612 		} else
613 			error = EAI_FAIL;
614 	}
615 
616 bad:
617 	if (afai_unspec)
618 		freeaddrinfo(afai_unspec);
619 	for (afd = afdl; afd->a_af; afd++) {
620 		if (afailist[afd - afdl])
621 			freeaddrinfo(afailist[afd - afdl]);
622 	}
623 	if (!*res)
624 		if (sentinel.ai_next)
625 			freeaddrinfo(sentinel.ai_next);
626 
627 	return (error);
628 }
629 
630 static int
631 reorder(struct addrinfo *sentinel)
632 {
633 	struct addrinfo *ai, **aip;
634 	struct ai_order *aio;
635 	int i, n;
636 	struct policyhead policyhead;
637 
638 	/* count the number of addrinfo elements for sorting. */
639 	for (n = 0, ai = sentinel->ai_next; ai != NULL; ai = ai->ai_next, n++)
640 		;
641 
642 	/*
643 	 * If the number is small enough, we can skip the reordering process.
644 	 */
645 	if (n <= 1)
646 		return(n);
647 
648 	/* allocate a temporary array for sort and initialization of it. */
649 	if ((aio = malloc(sizeof(*aio) * n)) == NULL)
650 		return(n);	/* give up reordering */
651 	memset(aio, 0, sizeof(*aio) * n);
652 
653 	/* retrieve address selection policy from the kernel */
654 	TAILQ_INIT(&policyhead);
655 	if (!get_addrselectpolicy(&policyhead)) {
656 		/* no policy is installed into kernel, we don't sort. */
657 		free(aio);
658 		return (n);
659 	}
660 
661 	for (i = 0, ai = sentinel->ai_next; i < n; ai = ai->ai_next, i++) {
662 		aio[i].aio_ai = ai;
663 		aio[i].aio_dstscope = gai_addr2scopetype(ai->ai_addr);
664 		aio[i].aio_dstpolicy = match_addrselectpolicy(ai->ai_addr,
665 							      &policyhead);
666 		set_source(&aio[i], &policyhead);
667 	}
668 
669 	/* perform sorting. */
670 	qsort(aio, n, sizeof(*aio), comp_dst);
671 
672 	/* reorder the addrinfo chain. */
673 	for (i = 0, aip = &sentinel->ai_next; i < n; i++) {
674 		*aip = aio[i].aio_ai;
675 		aip = &aio[i].aio_ai->ai_next;
676 	}
677 	*aip = NULL;
678 
679 	/* cleanup and return */
680 	free(aio);
681 	free_addrselectpolicy(&policyhead);
682 	return(n);
683 }
684 
685 static int
686 get_addrselectpolicy(struct policyhead *head)
687 {
688 #ifdef INET6
689 	int mib[] = { CTL_NET, PF_INET6, IPPROTO_IPV6, IPV6CTL_ADDRCTLPOLICY };
690 	size_t l;
691 	char *buf;
692 	struct in6_addrpolicy *pol, *ep;
693 
694 	if (sysctl(mib, sizeof(mib) / sizeof(mib[0]), NULL, &l, NULL, 0) < 0)
695 		return (0);
696 	if ((buf = malloc(l)) == NULL)
697 		return (0);
698 	if (sysctl(mib, sizeof(mib) / sizeof(mib[0]), buf, &l, NULL, 0) < 0) {
699 		free(buf);
700 		return (0);
701 	}
702 
703 	ep = (struct in6_addrpolicy *)(buf + l);
704 	for (pol = (struct in6_addrpolicy *)buf; pol + 1 <= ep; pol++) {
705 		struct policyqueue *new;
706 
707 		if ((new = malloc(sizeof(*new))) == NULL) {
708 			free_addrselectpolicy(head); /* make the list empty */
709 			break;
710 		}
711 		new->pc_policy = *pol;
712 		TAILQ_INSERT_TAIL(head, new, pc_entry);
713 	}
714 
715 	free(buf);
716 	return (1);
717 #else
718 	return (0);
719 #endif
720 }
721 
722 static void
723 free_addrselectpolicy(struct policyhead *head)
724 {
725 	struct policyqueue *ent, *nent;
726 
727 	for (ent = TAILQ_FIRST(head); ent; ent = nent) {
728 		nent = TAILQ_NEXT(ent, pc_entry);
729 		TAILQ_REMOVE(head, ent, pc_entry);
730 		free(ent);
731 	}
732 }
733 
734 static struct policyqueue *
735 match_addrselectpolicy(struct sockaddr *addr, struct policyhead *head)
736 {
737 #ifdef INET6
738 	struct policyqueue *ent, *bestent = NULL;
739 	struct in6_addrpolicy *pol;
740 	int matchlen, bestmatchlen = -1;
741 	u_char *mp, *ep, *k, *p, m;
742 	struct sockaddr_in6 key;
743 
744 	switch(addr->sa_family) {
745 	case AF_INET6:
746 		key = *(struct sockaddr_in6 *)addr;
747 		break;
748 	case AF_INET:
749 		/* convert the address into IPv4-mapped IPv6 address. */
750 		memset(&key, 0, sizeof(key));
751 		key.sin6_family = AF_INET6;
752 		key.sin6_len = sizeof(key);
753 		key.sin6_addr.s6_addr[10] = 0xff;
754 		key.sin6_addr.s6_addr[11] = 0xff;
755 		memcpy(&key.sin6_addr.s6_addr[12],
756 		       &((struct sockaddr_in *)addr)->sin_addr, 4);
757 		break;
758 	default:
759 		return(NULL);
760 	}
761 
762 	for (ent = TAILQ_FIRST(head); ent; ent = TAILQ_NEXT(ent, pc_entry)) {
763 		pol = &ent->pc_policy;
764 		matchlen = 0;
765 
766 		mp = (u_char *)&pol->addrmask.sin6_addr;
767 		ep = mp + 16;	/* XXX: scope field? */
768 		k = (u_char *)&key.sin6_addr;
769 		p = (u_char *)&pol->addr.sin6_addr;
770 		for (; mp < ep && *mp; mp++, k++, p++) {
771 			m = *mp;
772 			if ((*k & m) != *p)
773 				goto next; /* not match */
774 			if (m == 0xff) /* short cut for a typical case */
775 				matchlen += 8;
776 			else {
777 				while (m >= 0x80) {
778 					matchlen++;
779 					m <<= 1;
780 				}
781 			}
782 		}
783 
784 		/* matched.  check if this is better than the current best. */
785 		if (matchlen > bestmatchlen) {
786 			bestent = ent;
787 			bestmatchlen = matchlen;
788 		}
789 
790 	  next:
791 		continue;
792 	}
793 
794 	return(bestent);
795 #else
796 	return(NULL);
797 #endif
798 
799 }
800 
801 static void
802 set_source(struct ai_order *aio, struct policyhead *ph)
803 {
804 	struct addrinfo ai = *aio->aio_ai;
805 	struct sockaddr_storage ss;
806 	socklen_t srclen;
807 	int s;
808 
809 	/* set unspec ("no source is available"), just in case */
810 	aio->aio_srcsa.sa_family = AF_UNSPEC;
811 	aio->aio_srcscope = -1;
812 
813 	switch(ai.ai_family) {
814 	case AF_INET:
815 #ifdef INET6
816 	case AF_INET6:
817 #endif
818 		break;
819 	default:		/* ignore unsupported AFs explicitly */
820 		return;
821 	}
822 
823 	/* XXX: make a dummy addrinfo to call connect() */
824 	ai.ai_socktype = SOCK_DGRAM;
825 	ai.ai_protocol = IPPROTO_UDP; /* is UDP too specific? */
826 	ai.ai_next = NULL;
827 	memset(&ss, 0, sizeof(ss));
828 	memcpy(&ss, ai.ai_addr, ai.ai_addrlen);
829 	ai.ai_addr = (struct sockaddr *)&ss;
830 	get_port(&ai, "1", 0);
831 
832 	/* open a socket to get the source address for the given dst */
833 	if ((s = _socket(ai.ai_family, ai.ai_socktype, ai.ai_protocol)) < 0)
834 		return;		/* give up */
835 	if (_connect(s, ai.ai_addr, ai.ai_addrlen) < 0)
836 		goto cleanup;
837 	srclen = ai.ai_addrlen;
838 	if (_getsockname(s, &aio->aio_srcsa, &srclen) < 0) {
839 		aio->aio_srcsa.sa_family = AF_UNSPEC;
840 		goto cleanup;
841 	}
842 	aio->aio_srcscope = gai_addr2scopetype(&aio->aio_srcsa);
843 	aio->aio_srcpolicy = match_addrselectpolicy(&aio->aio_srcsa, ph);
844 	aio->aio_matchlen = matchlen(&aio->aio_srcsa, aio->aio_ai->ai_addr);
845 #ifdef INET6
846 	if (ai.ai_family == AF_INET6) {
847 		struct in6_ifreq ifr6;
848 		u_int32_t flags6;
849 
850 		memset(&ifr6, 0, sizeof(ifr6));
851 		memcpy(&ifr6.ifr_addr, ai.ai_addr, ai.ai_addrlen);
852 		if (_ioctl(s, SIOCGIFAFLAG_IN6, &ifr6) == 0) {
853 			flags6 = ifr6.ifr_ifru.ifru_flags6;
854 			if ((flags6 & IN6_IFF_DEPRECATED))
855 				aio->aio_srcflag |= AIO_SRCFLAG_DEPRECATED;
856 		}
857 	}
858 #endif
859 
860   cleanup:
861 	_close(s);
862 	return;
863 }
864 
865 static int
866 matchlen(struct sockaddr *src, struct sockaddr *dst)
867 {
868 	int match = 0;
869 	u_char *s, *d;
870 	u_char *lim, r;
871 	int addrlen;
872 
873 	switch (src->sa_family) {
874 #ifdef INET6
875 	case AF_INET6:
876 		s = (u_char *)&((struct sockaddr_in6 *)src)->sin6_addr;
877 		d = (u_char *)&((struct sockaddr_in6 *)dst)->sin6_addr;
878 		addrlen = sizeof(struct in6_addr);
879 		lim = s + addrlen;
880 		break;
881 #endif
882 	case AF_INET:
883 		s = (u_char *)&((struct sockaddr_in *)src)->sin_addr;
884 		d = (u_char *)&((struct sockaddr_in *)dst)->sin_addr;
885 		addrlen = sizeof(struct in_addr);
886 		lim = s + addrlen;
887 		break;
888 	default:
889 		return(0);
890 	}
891 
892 	while (s < lim)
893 		if ((r = (*d++ ^ *s++)) != 0) {
894 			while (r < addrlen * 8) {
895 				match++;
896 				r <<= 1;
897 			}
898 			break;
899 		} else
900 			match += 8;
901 	return(match);
902 }
903 
904 static int
905 comp_dst(const void *arg1, const void *arg2)
906 {
907 	const struct ai_order *dst1 = arg1, *dst2 = arg2;
908 
909 	/*
910 	 * Rule 1: Avoid unusable destinations.
911 	 * XXX: we currently do not consider if an appropriate route exists.
912 	 */
913 	if (dst1->aio_srcsa.sa_family != AF_UNSPEC &&
914 	    dst2->aio_srcsa.sa_family == AF_UNSPEC) {
915 		return(-1);
916 	}
917 	if (dst1->aio_srcsa.sa_family == AF_UNSPEC &&
918 	    dst2->aio_srcsa.sa_family != AF_UNSPEC) {
919 		return(1);
920 	}
921 
922 	/* Rule 2: Prefer matching scope. */
923 	if (dst1->aio_dstscope == dst1->aio_srcscope &&
924 	    dst2->aio_dstscope != dst2->aio_srcscope) {
925 		return(-1);
926 	}
927 	if (dst1->aio_dstscope != dst1->aio_srcscope &&
928 	    dst2->aio_dstscope == dst2->aio_srcscope) {
929 		return(1);
930 	}
931 
932 	/* Rule 3: Avoid deprecated addresses. */
933 	if (dst1->aio_srcsa.sa_family != AF_UNSPEC &&
934 	    dst2->aio_srcsa.sa_family != AF_UNSPEC) {
935 		if (!(dst1->aio_srcflag & AIO_SRCFLAG_DEPRECATED) &&
936 		    (dst2->aio_srcflag & AIO_SRCFLAG_DEPRECATED)) {
937 			return(-1);
938 		}
939 		if ((dst1->aio_srcflag & AIO_SRCFLAG_DEPRECATED) &&
940 		    !(dst2->aio_srcflag & AIO_SRCFLAG_DEPRECATED)) {
941 			return(1);
942 		}
943 	}
944 
945 	/* Rule 4: Prefer home addresses. */
946 	/* XXX: not implemented yet */
947 
948 	/* Rule 5: Prefer matching label. */
949 #ifdef INET6
950 	if (dst1->aio_srcpolicy && dst1->aio_dstpolicy &&
951 	    dst1->aio_srcpolicy->pc_policy.label ==
952 	    dst1->aio_dstpolicy->pc_policy.label &&
953 	    (dst2->aio_srcpolicy == NULL || dst2->aio_dstpolicy == NULL ||
954 	     dst2->aio_srcpolicy->pc_policy.label !=
955 	     dst2->aio_dstpolicy->pc_policy.label)) {
956 		return(-1);
957 	}
958 	if (dst2->aio_srcpolicy && dst2->aio_dstpolicy &&
959 	    dst2->aio_srcpolicy->pc_policy.label ==
960 	    dst2->aio_dstpolicy->pc_policy.label &&
961 	    (dst1->aio_srcpolicy == NULL || dst1->aio_dstpolicy == NULL ||
962 	     dst1->aio_srcpolicy->pc_policy.label !=
963 	     dst1->aio_dstpolicy->pc_policy.label)) {
964 		return(1);
965 	}
966 #endif
967 
968 	/* Rule 6: Prefer higher precedence. */
969 #ifdef INET6
970 	if (dst1->aio_dstpolicy &&
971 	    (dst2->aio_dstpolicy == NULL ||
972 	     dst1->aio_dstpolicy->pc_policy.preced >
973 	     dst2->aio_dstpolicy->pc_policy.preced)) {
974 		return(-1);
975 	}
976 	if (dst2->aio_dstpolicy &&
977 	    (dst1->aio_dstpolicy == NULL ||
978 	     dst2->aio_dstpolicy->pc_policy.preced >
979 	     dst1->aio_dstpolicy->pc_policy.preced)) {
980 		return(1);
981 	}
982 #endif
983 
984 	/* Rule 7: Prefer native transport. */
985 	/* XXX: not implemented yet */
986 
987 	/* Rule 8: Prefer smaller scope. */
988 	if (dst1->aio_dstscope >= 0 &&
989 	    dst1->aio_dstscope < dst2->aio_dstscope) {
990 		return(-1);
991 	}
992 	if (dst2->aio_dstscope >= 0 &&
993 	    dst2->aio_dstscope < dst1->aio_dstscope) {
994 		return(1);
995 	}
996 
997 	/*
998 	 * Rule 9: Use longest matching prefix.
999 	 * We compare the match length in a same AF only.
1000 	 */
1001 	if (dst1->aio_ai->ai_addr->sa_family ==
1002 	    dst2->aio_ai->ai_addr->sa_family) {
1003 		if (dst1->aio_matchlen > dst2->aio_matchlen) {
1004 			return(-1);
1005 		}
1006 		if (dst1->aio_matchlen < dst2->aio_matchlen) {
1007 			return(1);
1008 		}
1009 	}
1010 
1011 	/* Rule 10: Otherwise, leave the order unchanged. */
1012 	return(-1);
1013 }
1014 
1015 /*
1016  * Copy from scope.c.
1017  * XXX: we should standardize the functions and link them as standard
1018  * library.
1019  */
1020 static int
1021 gai_addr2scopetype(struct sockaddr *sa)
1022 {
1023 #ifdef INET6
1024 	struct sockaddr_in6 *sa6;
1025 #endif
1026 	struct sockaddr_in *sa4;
1027 
1028 	switch(sa->sa_family) {
1029 #ifdef INET6
1030 	case AF_INET6:
1031 		sa6 = (struct sockaddr_in6 *)sa;
1032 		if (IN6_IS_ADDR_MULTICAST(&sa6->sin6_addr)) {
1033 			/* just use the scope field of the multicast address */
1034 			return(sa6->sin6_addr.s6_addr[2] & 0x0f);
1035 		}
1036 		/*
1037 		 * Unicast addresses: map scope type to corresponding scope
1038 		 * value defined for multcast addresses.
1039 		 * XXX: hardcoded scope type values are bad...
1040 		 */
1041 		if (IN6_IS_ADDR_LOOPBACK(&sa6->sin6_addr))
1042 			return(1); /* node local scope */
1043 		if (IN6_IS_ADDR_LINKLOCAL(&sa6->sin6_addr))
1044 			return(2); /* link-local scope */
1045 		if (IN6_IS_ADDR_SITELOCAL(&sa6->sin6_addr))
1046 			return(5); /* site-local scope */
1047 		return(14);	/* global scope */
1048 		break;
1049 #endif
1050 	case AF_INET:
1051 		/*
1052 		 * IPv4 pseudo scoping according to RFC 3484.
1053 		 */
1054 		sa4 = (struct sockaddr_in *)sa;
1055 		/* IPv4 autoconfiguration addresses have link-local scope. */
1056 		if (((u_char *)&sa4->sin_addr)[0] == 169 &&
1057 		    ((u_char *)&sa4->sin_addr)[1] == 254)
1058 			return(2);
1059 		/* Private addresses have site-local scope. */
1060 		if (((u_char *)&sa4->sin_addr)[0] == 10 ||
1061 		    (((u_char *)&sa4->sin_addr)[0] == 172 &&
1062 		     (((u_char *)&sa4->sin_addr)[1] & 0xf0) == 16) ||
1063 		    (((u_char *)&sa4->sin_addr)[0] == 192 &&
1064 		     ((u_char *)&sa4->sin_addr)[1] == 168))
1065 			return(14);	/* XXX: It should be 5 unless NAT */
1066 		/* Loopback addresses have link-local scope. */
1067 		if (((u_char *)&sa4->sin_addr)[0] == 127)
1068 			return(2);
1069 		return(14);
1070 		break;
1071 	default:
1072 		errno = EAFNOSUPPORT; /* is this a good error? */
1073 		return(-1);
1074 	}
1075 }
1076 
1077 static int
1078 explore_copy(const struct addrinfo *pai, const struct addrinfo *src0,
1079     struct addrinfo **res)
1080 {
1081 	int error;
1082 	struct addrinfo sentinel, *cur;
1083 	const struct addrinfo *src;
1084 
1085 	error = 0;
1086 	sentinel.ai_next = NULL;
1087 	cur = &sentinel;
1088 
1089 	for (src = src0; src != NULL; src = src->ai_next) {
1090 		if (src->ai_family != pai->ai_family)
1091 			continue;
1092 
1093 		cur->ai_next = copy_ai(src);
1094 		if (!cur->ai_next) {
1095 			error = EAI_MEMORY;
1096 			goto fail;
1097 		}
1098 
1099 		cur->ai_next->ai_socktype = pai->ai_socktype;
1100 		cur->ai_next->ai_protocol = pai->ai_protocol;
1101 		cur = cur->ai_next;
1102 	}
1103 
1104 	*res = sentinel.ai_next;
1105 	return 0;
1106 
1107 fail:
1108 	freeaddrinfo(sentinel.ai_next);
1109 	return error;
1110 }
1111 
1112 /*
1113  * hostname == NULL.
1114  * passive socket -> anyaddr (0.0.0.0 or ::)
1115  * non-passive socket -> localhost (127.0.0.1 or ::1)
1116  */
1117 static int
1118 explore_null(const struct addrinfo *pai, const char *servname,
1119     struct addrinfo **res)
1120 {
1121 	int s;
1122 	const struct afd *afd;
1123 	struct addrinfo *ai;
1124 	int error;
1125 
1126 	*res = NULL;
1127 	ai = NULL;
1128 
1129 	/*
1130 	 * filter out AFs that are not supported by the kernel
1131 	 * XXX errno?
1132 	 */
1133 	s = _socket(pai->ai_family, SOCK_DGRAM, 0);
1134 	if (s < 0) {
1135 		if (errno != EMFILE)
1136 			return 0;
1137 	} else
1138 		_close(s);
1139 
1140 	afd = find_afd(pai->ai_family);
1141 	if (afd == NULL)
1142 		return 0;
1143 
1144 	if (pai->ai_flags & AI_PASSIVE) {
1145 		GET_AI(ai, afd, afd->a_addrany);
1146 		GET_PORT(ai, servname);
1147 	} else {
1148 		GET_AI(ai, afd, afd->a_loopback);
1149 		GET_PORT(ai, servname);
1150 	}
1151 
1152 	*res = ai;
1153 	return 0;
1154 
1155 free:
1156 	if (ai != NULL)
1157 		freeaddrinfo(ai);
1158 	return error;
1159 }
1160 
1161 /*
1162  * numeric hostname
1163  */
1164 static int
1165 explore_numeric(const struct addrinfo *pai, const char *hostname,
1166     const char *servname, struct addrinfo **res, const char *canonname)
1167 {
1168 	const struct afd *afd;
1169 	struct addrinfo *ai;
1170 	int error;
1171 	char pton[PTON_MAX];
1172 
1173 	*res = NULL;
1174 	ai = NULL;
1175 
1176 	afd = find_afd(pai->ai_family);
1177 	if (afd == NULL)
1178 		return 0;
1179 
1180 	switch (afd->a_af) {
1181 	case AF_INET:
1182 		/*
1183 		 * RFC3493 requires getaddrinfo() to accept AF_INET formats
1184 		 * that are accepted by inet_addr() and its family.  The
1185 		 * accepted forms includes the "classful" one, which inet_pton
1186 		 * does not accept.  So we need to separate the case for
1187 		 * AF_INET.
1188 		 */
1189 		if (inet_aton(hostname, (struct in_addr *)pton) != 1)
1190 			return 0;
1191 		break;
1192 	default:
1193 		if (inet_pton(afd->a_af, hostname, pton) != 1)
1194 			return 0;
1195 		break;
1196 	}
1197 
1198 	if (pai->ai_family == afd->a_af) {
1199 		GET_AI(ai, afd, pton);
1200 		GET_PORT(ai, servname);
1201 		if ((pai->ai_flags & AI_CANONNAME)) {
1202 			/*
1203 			 * Set the numeric address itself as the canonical
1204 			 * name, based on a clarification in RFC3493.
1205 			 */
1206 			GET_CANONNAME(ai, canonname);
1207 		}
1208 	} else {
1209 		/*
1210 		 * XXX: This should not happen since we already matched the AF
1211 		 * by find_afd.
1212 		 */
1213 		ERR(EAI_FAMILY);
1214 	}
1215 
1216 	*res = ai;
1217 	return 0;
1218 
1219 free:
1220 bad:
1221 	if (ai != NULL)
1222 		freeaddrinfo(ai);
1223 	return error;
1224 }
1225 
1226 /*
1227  * numeric hostname with scope
1228  */
1229 static int
1230 explore_numeric_scope(const struct addrinfo *pai, const char *hostname,
1231     const char *servname, struct addrinfo **res)
1232 {
1233 #if !defined(SCOPE_DELIMITER) || !defined(INET6)
1234 	return explore_numeric(pai, hostname, servname, res, hostname);
1235 #else
1236 	const struct afd *afd;
1237 	struct addrinfo *cur;
1238 	int error;
1239 	char *cp, *hostname2 = NULL, *scope, *addr;
1240 	struct sockaddr_in6 *sin6;
1241 
1242 	afd = find_afd(pai->ai_family);
1243 	if (afd == NULL)
1244 		return 0;
1245 
1246 	if (!afd->a_scoped)
1247 		return explore_numeric(pai, hostname, servname, res, hostname);
1248 
1249 	cp = strchr(hostname, SCOPE_DELIMITER);
1250 	if (cp == NULL)
1251 		return explore_numeric(pai, hostname, servname, res, hostname);
1252 
1253 	/*
1254 	 * Handle special case of <scoped_address><delimiter><scope id>
1255 	 */
1256 	hostname2 = strdup(hostname);
1257 	if (hostname2 == NULL)
1258 		return EAI_MEMORY;
1259 	/* terminate at the delimiter */
1260 	hostname2[cp - hostname] = '\0';
1261 	addr = hostname2;
1262 	scope = cp + 1;
1263 
1264 	error = explore_numeric(pai, addr, servname, res, hostname);
1265 	if (error == 0) {
1266 		u_int32_t scopeid;
1267 
1268 		for (cur = *res; cur; cur = cur->ai_next) {
1269 			if (cur->ai_family != AF_INET6)
1270 				continue;
1271 			sin6 = (struct sockaddr_in6 *)(void *)cur->ai_addr;
1272 			if (ip6_str2scopeid(scope, sin6, &scopeid) == -1) {
1273 				free(hostname2);
1274 				freeaddrinfo(*res);
1275 				*res = NULL;
1276 				return(EAI_NONAME); /* XXX: is return OK? */
1277 			}
1278 			sin6->sin6_scope_id = scopeid;
1279 		}
1280 	}
1281 
1282 	free(hostname2);
1283 
1284 	if (error && *res) {
1285 		freeaddrinfo(*res);
1286 		*res = NULL;
1287 	}
1288 	return error;
1289 #endif
1290 }
1291 
1292 static int
1293 get_canonname(const struct addrinfo *pai, struct addrinfo *ai, const char *str)
1294 {
1295 	if ((pai->ai_flags & AI_CANONNAME) != 0) {
1296 		ai->ai_canonname = strdup(str);
1297 		if (ai->ai_canonname == NULL)
1298 			return EAI_MEMORY;
1299 	}
1300 	return 0;
1301 }
1302 
1303 static struct addrinfo *
1304 get_ai(const struct addrinfo *pai, const struct afd *afd, const char *addr)
1305 {
1306 	char *p;
1307 	struct addrinfo *ai;
1308 #ifdef FAITH
1309 	struct in6_addr faith_prefix;
1310 	char *fp_str;
1311 	int translate = 0;
1312 #endif
1313 
1314 #ifdef FAITH
1315 	/*
1316 	 * Transfrom an IPv4 addr into a special IPv6 addr format for
1317 	 * IPv6->IPv4 translation gateway. (only TCP is supported now)
1318 	 *
1319 	 * +-----------------------------------+------------+
1320 	 * | faith prefix part (12 bytes)      | embedded   |
1321 	 * |                                   | IPv4 addr part (4 bytes)
1322 	 * +-----------------------------------+------------+
1323 	 *
1324 	 * faith prefix part is specified as ascii IPv6 addr format
1325 	 * in environmental variable GAI.
1326 	 * For FAITH to work correctly, routing to faith prefix must be
1327 	 * setup toward a machine where a FAITH daemon operates.
1328 	 * Also, the machine must enable some mechanizm
1329 	 * (e.g. faith interface hack) to divert those packet with
1330 	 * faith prefixed destination addr to user-land FAITH daemon.
1331 	 */
1332 	fp_str = getenv("GAI");
1333 	if (fp_str && inet_pton(AF_INET6, fp_str, &faith_prefix) == 1 &&
1334 	    afd->a_af == AF_INET && pai->ai_socktype == SOCK_STREAM) {
1335 		u_int32_t v4a;
1336 		u_int8_t v4a_top;
1337 
1338 		memcpy(&v4a, addr, sizeof v4a);
1339 		v4a_top = v4a >> IN_CLASSA_NSHIFT;
1340 		if (!IN_MULTICAST(v4a) && !IN_EXPERIMENTAL(v4a) &&
1341 		    v4a_top != 0 && v4a != IN_LOOPBACKNET) {
1342 			afd = &afdl[N_INET6];
1343 			memcpy(&faith_prefix.s6_addr[12], addr,
1344 			       sizeof(struct in_addr));
1345 			translate = 1;
1346 		}
1347 	}
1348 #endif
1349 
1350 	ai = (struct addrinfo *)malloc(sizeof(struct addrinfo)
1351 		+ (afd->a_socklen));
1352 	if (ai == NULL)
1353 		return NULL;
1354 
1355 	memcpy(ai, pai, sizeof(struct addrinfo));
1356 	ai->ai_addr = (struct sockaddr *)(void *)(ai + 1);
1357 	memset(ai->ai_addr, 0, (size_t)afd->a_socklen);
1358 	ai->ai_addr->sa_len = afd->a_socklen;
1359 	ai->ai_addrlen = afd->a_socklen;
1360 	ai->ai_addr->sa_family = ai->ai_family = afd->a_af;
1361 	p = (char *)(void *)(ai->ai_addr);
1362 #ifdef FAITH
1363 	if (translate == 1)
1364 		memcpy(p + afd->a_off, &faith_prefix, (size_t)afd->a_addrlen);
1365 	else
1366 #endif
1367 	memcpy(p + afd->a_off, addr, (size_t)afd->a_addrlen);
1368 	return ai;
1369 }
1370 
1371 /* XXX need to malloc() the same way we do from other functions! */
1372 static struct addrinfo *
1373 copy_ai(const struct addrinfo *pai)
1374 {
1375 	struct addrinfo *ai;
1376 	size_t l;
1377 
1378 	l = sizeof(*ai) + pai->ai_addrlen;
1379 	if ((ai = (struct addrinfo *)malloc(l)) == NULL)
1380 		return NULL;
1381 	memset(ai, 0, l);
1382 	memcpy(ai, pai, sizeof(*ai));
1383 	ai->ai_addr = (struct sockaddr *)(void *)(ai + 1);
1384 	memcpy(ai->ai_addr, pai->ai_addr, pai->ai_addrlen);
1385 
1386 	if (pai->ai_canonname) {
1387 		l = strlen(pai->ai_canonname) + 1;
1388 		if ((ai->ai_canonname = malloc(l)) == NULL) {
1389 			free(ai);
1390 			return NULL;
1391 		}
1392 		strlcpy(ai->ai_canonname, pai->ai_canonname, l);
1393 	} else {
1394 		/* just to make sure */
1395 		ai->ai_canonname = NULL;
1396 	}
1397 
1398 	ai->ai_next = NULL;
1399 
1400 	return ai;
1401 }
1402 
1403 static int
1404 get_portmatch(const struct addrinfo *ai, const char *servname)
1405 {
1406 
1407 	/* get_port does not touch first argument when matchonly == 1. */
1408 	/* LINTED const cast */
1409 	return get_port((struct addrinfo *)ai, servname, 1);
1410 }
1411 
1412 static int
1413 get_port(struct addrinfo *ai, const char *servname, int matchonly)
1414 {
1415 	const char *proto;
1416 	struct servent *sp;
1417 	int port, error;
1418 	int allownumeric;
1419 
1420 	if (servname == NULL)
1421 		return 0;
1422 	switch (ai->ai_family) {
1423 	case AF_INET:
1424 #ifdef AF_INET6
1425 	case AF_INET6:
1426 #endif
1427 		break;
1428 	default:
1429 		return 0;
1430 	}
1431 
1432 	switch (ai->ai_socktype) {
1433 	case SOCK_RAW:
1434 		return EAI_SERVICE;
1435 	case SOCK_DGRAM:
1436 	case SOCK_STREAM:
1437 	case SOCK_SEQPACKET:
1438 		allownumeric = 1;
1439 		break;
1440 	case ANY:
1441 		switch (ai->ai_family) {
1442 		case AF_INET:
1443 #ifdef AF_INET6
1444 		case AF_INET6:
1445 #endif
1446 			allownumeric = 1;
1447 			break;
1448 		default:
1449 			allownumeric = 0;
1450 			break;
1451 		}
1452 		break;
1453 	default:
1454 		return EAI_SOCKTYPE;
1455 	}
1456 
1457 	error = str2number(servname, &port);
1458 	if (error == 0) {
1459 		if (!allownumeric)
1460 			return EAI_SERVICE;
1461 		if (port < 0 || port > 65535)
1462 			return EAI_SERVICE;
1463 		port = htons(port);
1464 	} else {
1465 		if (ai->ai_flags & AI_NUMERICSERV)
1466 			return EAI_NONAME;
1467 
1468 		switch (ai->ai_protocol) {
1469 		case IPPROTO_UDP:
1470 			proto = "udp";
1471 			break;
1472 		case IPPROTO_TCP:
1473 			proto = "tcp";
1474 			break;
1475 		case IPPROTO_SCTP:
1476 			proto = "sctp";
1477 			break;
1478 		default:
1479 			proto = NULL;
1480 			break;
1481 		}
1482 
1483 		if ((sp = getservbyname(servname, proto)) == NULL)
1484 			return EAI_SERVICE;
1485 		port = sp->s_port;
1486 	}
1487 
1488 	if (!matchonly) {
1489 		switch (ai->ai_family) {
1490 		case AF_INET:
1491 			((struct sockaddr_in *)(void *)
1492 			    ai->ai_addr)->sin_port = port;
1493 			break;
1494 #ifdef INET6
1495 		case AF_INET6:
1496 			((struct sockaddr_in6 *)(void *)
1497 			    ai->ai_addr)->sin6_port = port;
1498 			break;
1499 #endif
1500 		}
1501 	}
1502 
1503 	return 0;
1504 }
1505 
1506 static const struct afd *
1507 find_afd(int af)
1508 {
1509 	const struct afd *afd;
1510 
1511 	if (af == PF_UNSPEC)
1512 		return NULL;
1513 	for (afd = afdl; afd->a_af; afd++) {
1514 		if (afd->a_af == af)
1515 			return afd;
1516 	}
1517 	return NULL;
1518 }
1519 
1520 /*
1521  * post-2553: AI_ADDRCONFIG check.  if we use getipnodeby* as backend, backend
1522  * will take care of it.
1523  * the semantics of AI_ADDRCONFIG is not defined well.  we are not sure
1524  * if the code is right or not.
1525  *
1526  * XXX PF_UNSPEC -> PF_INET6 + PF_INET mapping needs to be in sync with
1527  * _dns_getaddrinfo.
1528  */
1529 static int
1530 addrconfig(struct addrinfo *pai)
1531 {
1532 	int s, af;
1533 
1534 	/*
1535 	 * TODO:
1536 	 * Note that implementation dependent test for address
1537 	 * configuration should be done everytime called
1538 	 * (or apropriate interval),
1539 	 * because addresses will be dynamically assigned or deleted.
1540 	 */
1541 	af = pai->ai_family;
1542 	if (af == AF_UNSPEC) {
1543 		if ((s = _socket(AF_INET6, SOCK_DGRAM, 0)) < 0)
1544 			af = AF_INET;
1545 		else {
1546 			_close(s);
1547 			if ((s = _socket(AF_INET, SOCK_DGRAM, 0)) < 0)
1548 				af = AF_INET6;
1549 			else
1550 				_close(s);
1551 		}
1552 	}
1553 	if (af != AF_UNSPEC) {
1554 		if ((s = _socket(af, SOCK_DGRAM, 0)) < 0)
1555 			return 0;
1556 		_close(s);
1557 	}
1558 	pai->ai_family = af;
1559 	return 1;
1560 }
1561 
1562 #ifdef INET6
1563 /* convert a string to a scope identifier. XXX: IPv6 specific */
1564 static int
1565 ip6_str2scopeid(char *scope, struct sockaddr_in6 *sin6, u_int32_t *scopeid)
1566 {
1567 	u_long lscopeid;
1568 	struct in6_addr *a6;
1569 	char *ep;
1570 
1571 	a6 = &sin6->sin6_addr;
1572 
1573 	/* empty scopeid portion is invalid */
1574 	if (*scope == '\0')
1575 		return -1;
1576 
1577 	if (IN6_IS_ADDR_LINKLOCAL(a6) || IN6_IS_ADDR_MC_LINKLOCAL(a6) ||
1578 	    IN6_IS_ADDR_MC_NODELOCAL(a6)) {
1579 		/*
1580 		 * We currently assume a one-to-one mapping between links
1581 		 * and interfaces, so we simply use interface indices for
1582 		 * like-local scopes.
1583 		 */
1584 		*scopeid = if_nametoindex(scope);
1585 		if (*scopeid == 0)
1586 			goto trynumeric;
1587 		return 0;
1588 	}
1589 
1590 	/* still unclear about literal, allow numeric only - placeholder */
1591 	if (IN6_IS_ADDR_SITELOCAL(a6) || IN6_IS_ADDR_MC_SITELOCAL(a6))
1592 		goto trynumeric;
1593 	if (IN6_IS_ADDR_MC_ORGLOCAL(a6))
1594 		goto trynumeric;
1595 	else
1596 		goto trynumeric;	/* global */
1597 
1598 	/* try to convert to a numeric id as a last resort */
1599   trynumeric:
1600 	errno = 0;
1601 	lscopeid = strtoul(scope, &ep, 10);
1602 	*scopeid = (u_int32_t)(lscopeid & 0xffffffffUL);
1603 	if (errno == 0 && ep && *ep == '\0' && *scopeid == lscopeid)
1604 		return 0;
1605 	else
1606 		return -1;
1607 }
1608 #endif
1609 
1610 
1611 #ifdef NS_CACHING
1612 static int
1613 addrinfo_id_func(char *buffer, size_t *buffer_size, va_list ap,
1614     void *cache_mdata)
1615 {
1616 	res_state statp;
1617 	u_long res_options;
1618 
1619 	const int op_id = 0;	/* identifies the getaddrinfo for the cache */
1620 	char *hostname;
1621 	struct addrinfo *hints;
1622 
1623 	char *p;
1624 	int ai_flags, ai_family, ai_socktype, ai_protocol;
1625 	size_t desired_size, size;
1626 
1627 	statp = __res_state();
1628 	res_options = statp->options & (RES_RECURSE | RES_DEFNAMES |
1629 	    RES_DNSRCH | RES_NOALIASES | RES_USE_INET6);
1630 
1631 	hostname = va_arg(ap, char *);
1632 	hints = va_arg(ap, struct addrinfo *);
1633 
1634 	desired_size = sizeof(res_options) + sizeof(int) + sizeof(int) * 4;
1635 	if (hostname != NULL) {
1636 		size = strlen(hostname);
1637 		desired_size += size + 1;
1638 	} else
1639 		size = 0;
1640 
1641 	if (desired_size > *buffer_size) {
1642 		*buffer_size = desired_size;
1643 		return (NS_RETURN);
1644 	}
1645 
1646 	if (hints == NULL)
1647 		ai_flags = ai_family = ai_socktype = ai_protocol = 0;
1648 	else {
1649 		ai_flags = hints->ai_flags;
1650 		ai_family = hints->ai_family;
1651 		ai_socktype = hints->ai_socktype;
1652 		ai_protocol = hints->ai_protocol;
1653 	}
1654 
1655 	p = buffer;
1656 	memcpy(p, &res_options, sizeof(res_options));
1657 	p += sizeof(res_options);
1658 
1659 	memcpy(p, &op_id, sizeof(int));
1660 	p += sizeof(int);
1661 
1662 	memcpy(p, &ai_flags, sizeof(int));
1663 	p += sizeof(int);
1664 
1665 	memcpy(p, &ai_family, sizeof(int));
1666 	p += sizeof(int);
1667 
1668 	memcpy(p, &ai_socktype, sizeof(int));
1669 	p += sizeof(int);
1670 
1671 	memcpy(p, &ai_protocol, sizeof(int));
1672 	p += sizeof(int);
1673 
1674 	if (hostname != NULL)
1675 		memcpy(p, hostname, size);
1676 
1677 	*buffer_size = desired_size;
1678 	return (NS_SUCCESS);
1679 }
1680 
1681 static int
1682 addrinfo_marshal_func(char *buffer, size_t *buffer_size, void *retval,
1683     va_list ap, void *cache_mdata)
1684 {
1685 	struct addrinfo	*ai, *cai;
1686 	char *p;
1687 	size_t desired_size, size, ai_size;
1688 
1689 	ai = *((struct addrinfo **)retval);
1690 
1691 	desired_size = sizeof(size_t);
1692 	ai_size = 0;
1693 	for (cai = ai; cai != NULL; cai = cai->ai_next) {
1694 		desired_size += sizeof(struct addrinfo) + cai->ai_addrlen;
1695 		if (cai->ai_canonname != NULL)
1696 			desired_size += sizeof(size_t) +
1697 			    strlen(cai->ai_canonname);
1698 		++ai_size;
1699 	}
1700 
1701 	if (desired_size > *buffer_size) {
1702 		/* this assignment is here for future use */
1703 		errno = ERANGE;
1704 		*buffer_size = desired_size;
1705 		return (NS_RETURN);
1706 	}
1707 
1708 	memset(buffer, 0, desired_size);
1709 	p = buffer;
1710 
1711 	memcpy(p, &ai_size, sizeof(size_t));
1712 	p += sizeof(size_t);
1713 	for (cai = ai; cai != NULL; cai = cai->ai_next) {
1714 		memcpy(p, cai, sizeof(struct addrinfo));
1715 		p += sizeof(struct addrinfo);
1716 
1717 		memcpy(p, cai->ai_addr, cai->ai_addrlen);
1718 		p += cai->ai_addrlen;
1719 
1720 		if (cai->ai_canonname != NULL) {
1721 			size = strlen(cai->ai_canonname);
1722 			memcpy(p, &size, sizeof(size_t));
1723 			p += sizeof(size_t);
1724 
1725 			memcpy(p, cai->ai_canonname, size);
1726 			p += size;
1727 		}
1728 	}
1729 
1730 	return (NS_SUCCESS);
1731 }
1732 
1733 static int
1734 addrinfo_unmarshal_func(char *buffer, size_t buffer_size, void *retval,
1735     va_list ap, void *cache_mdata)
1736 {
1737 	struct addrinfo	new_ai, *result, *sentinel, *lasts;
1738 
1739 	char *p;
1740 	size_t ai_size, ai_i, size;
1741 
1742 	p = buffer;
1743 	memcpy(&ai_size, p, sizeof(size_t));
1744 	p += sizeof(size_t);
1745 
1746 	result = NULL;
1747 	lasts = NULL;
1748 	for (ai_i = 0; ai_i < ai_size; ++ai_i) {
1749 		memcpy(&new_ai, p, sizeof(struct addrinfo));
1750 		p += sizeof(struct addrinfo);
1751 		size = new_ai.ai_addrlen + sizeof(struct addrinfo) +
1752 			_ALIGNBYTES;
1753 
1754 		sentinel = (struct addrinfo *)malloc(size);
1755 		memset(sentinel, 0, size);
1756 
1757 		memcpy(sentinel, &new_ai, sizeof(struct addrinfo));
1758 		sentinel->ai_addr = (struct sockaddr *)_ALIGN((char *)sentinel +
1759 		    sizeof(struct addrinfo));
1760 
1761 		memcpy(sentinel->ai_addr, p, new_ai.ai_addrlen);
1762 		p += new_ai.ai_addrlen;
1763 
1764 		if (new_ai.ai_canonname != NULL) {
1765 			memcpy(&size, p, sizeof(size_t));
1766 			p += sizeof(size_t);
1767 
1768 			sentinel->ai_canonname = (char *)malloc(size + 1);
1769 			memset(sentinel->ai_canonname, 0, size + 1);
1770 
1771 			memcpy(sentinel->ai_canonname, p, size);
1772 			p += size;
1773 		}
1774 
1775 		if (result == NULL) {
1776 			result = sentinel;
1777 			lasts = sentinel;
1778 		} else {
1779 			lasts->ai_next = sentinel;
1780 			lasts = sentinel;
1781 		}
1782 	}
1783 
1784 	*((struct addrinfo **)retval) = result;
1785 	return (NS_SUCCESS);
1786 }
1787 #endif /* NS_CACHING */
1788 
1789 /*
1790  * FQDN hostname, DNS lookup
1791  */
1792 static int
1793 explore_fqdn(const struct addrinfo *pai, const char *hostname,
1794     const char *servname, struct addrinfo **res)
1795 {
1796 	struct addrinfo *result;
1797 	struct addrinfo *cur;
1798 	int error = 0;
1799 
1800 #ifdef NS_CACHING
1801 	static const nss_cache_info cache_info =
1802 	NS_COMMON_CACHE_INFO_INITIALIZER(
1803 		hosts, NULL, addrinfo_id_func, addrinfo_marshal_func,
1804 		addrinfo_unmarshal_func);
1805 #endif
1806 	static const ns_dtab dtab[] = {
1807 		NS_FILES_CB(_files_getaddrinfo, NULL)
1808 		{ NSSRC_DNS, _dns_getaddrinfo, NULL },	/* force -DHESIOD */
1809 		NS_NIS_CB(_yp_getaddrinfo, NULL)
1810 #ifdef NS_CACHING
1811 		NS_CACHE_CB(&cache_info)
1812 #endif
1813 		{ 0 }
1814 	};
1815 
1816 	result = NULL;
1817 
1818 	/*
1819 	 * if the servname does not match socktype/protocol, ignore it.
1820 	 */
1821 	if (get_portmatch(pai, servname) != 0)
1822 		return 0;
1823 
1824 	switch (_nsdispatch(&result, dtab, NSDB_HOSTS, "getaddrinfo",
1825 			default_dns_files, hostname, pai)) {
1826 	case NS_TRYAGAIN:
1827 		error = EAI_AGAIN;
1828 		goto free;
1829 	case NS_UNAVAIL:
1830 		error = EAI_FAIL;
1831 		goto free;
1832 	case NS_NOTFOUND:
1833 		error = EAI_NONAME;
1834 		goto free;
1835 	case NS_SUCCESS:
1836 		error = 0;
1837 		for (cur = result; cur; cur = cur->ai_next) {
1838 			GET_PORT(cur, servname);
1839 			/* canonname should be filled already */
1840 		}
1841 		break;
1842 	}
1843 
1844 	*res = result;
1845 
1846 	return 0;
1847 
1848 free:
1849 	if (result)
1850 		freeaddrinfo(result);
1851 	return error;
1852 }
1853 
1854 #ifdef DEBUG
1855 static const char AskedForGot[] =
1856 	"gethostby*.getanswer: asked for \"%s\", got \"%s\"";
1857 #endif
1858 
1859 static struct addrinfo *
1860 getanswer(const querybuf *answer, int anslen, const char *qname, int qtype,
1861     const struct addrinfo *pai, res_state res)
1862 {
1863 	struct addrinfo sentinel, *cur;
1864 	struct addrinfo ai;
1865 	const struct afd *afd;
1866 	char *canonname;
1867 	const HEADER *hp;
1868 	const u_char *cp;
1869 	int n;
1870 	const u_char *eom;
1871 	char *bp, *ep;
1872 	int type, class, ancount, qdcount;
1873 	int haveanswer, had_error;
1874 	char tbuf[MAXDNAME];
1875 	int (*name_ok)(const char *);
1876 	char hostbuf[8*1024];
1877 
1878 	memset(&sentinel, 0, sizeof(sentinel));
1879 	cur = &sentinel;
1880 
1881 	canonname = NULL;
1882 	eom = answer->buf + anslen;
1883 	switch (qtype) {
1884 	case T_A:
1885 	case T_AAAA:
1886 	case T_ANY:	/*use T_ANY only for T_A/T_AAAA lookup*/
1887 		name_ok = res_hnok;
1888 		break;
1889 	default:
1890 		return (NULL);	/* XXX should be abort(); */
1891 	}
1892 	/*
1893 	 * find first satisfactory answer
1894 	 */
1895 	hp = &answer->hdr;
1896 	ancount = ntohs(hp->ancount);
1897 	qdcount = ntohs(hp->qdcount);
1898 	bp = hostbuf;
1899 	ep = hostbuf + sizeof hostbuf;
1900 	cp = answer->buf + HFIXEDSZ;
1901 	if (qdcount != 1) {
1902 		RES_SET_H_ERRNO(res, NO_RECOVERY);
1903 		return (NULL);
1904 	}
1905 	n = dn_expand(answer->buf, eom, cp, bp, ep - bp);
1906 	if ((n < 0) || !(*name_ok)(bp)) {
1907 		RES_SET_H_ERRNO(res, NO_RECOVERY);
1908 		return (NULL);
1909 	}
1910 	cp += n + QFIXEDSZ;
1911 	if (qtype == T_A || qtype == T_AAAA || qtype == T_ANY) {
1912 		/* res_send() has already verified that the query name is the
1913 		 * same as the one we sent; this just gets the expanded name
1914 		 * (i.e., with the succeeding search-domain tacked on).
1915 		 */
1916 		n = strlen(bp) + 1;		/* for the \0 */
1917 		if (n >= MAXHOSTNAMELEN) {
1918 			RES_SET_H_ERRNO(res, NO_RECOVERY);
1919 			return (NULL);
1920 		}
1921 		canonname = bp;
1922 		bp += n;
1923 		/* The qname can be abbreviated, but h_name is now absolute. */
1924 		qname = canonname;
1925 	}
1926 	haveanswer = 0;
1927 	had_error = 0;
1928 	while (ancount-- > 0 && cp < eom && !had_error) {
1929 		n = dn_expand(answer->buf, eom, cp, bp, ep - bp);
1930 		if ((n < 0) || !(*name_ok)(bp)) {
1931 			had_error++;
1932 			continue;
1933 		}
1934 		cp += n;			/* name */
1935 		type = _getshort(cp);
1936  		cp += INT16SZ;			/* type */
1937 		class = _getshort(cp);
1938  		cp += INT16SZ + INT32SZ;	/* class, TTL */
1939 		n = _getshort(cp);
1940 		cp += INT16SZ;			/* len */
1941 		if (class != C_IN) {
1942 			/* XXX - debug? syslog? */
1943 			cp += n;
1944 			continue;		/* XXX - had_error++ ? */
1945 		}
1946 		if ((qtype == T_A || qtype == T_AAAA || qtype == T_ANY) &&
1947 		    type == T_CNAME) {
1948 			n = dn_expand(answer->buf, eom, cp, tbuf, sizeof tbuf);
1949 			if ((n < 0) || !(*name_ok)(tbuf)) {
1950 				had_error++;
1951 				continue;
1952 			}
1953 			cp += n;
1954 			/* Get canonical name. */
1955 			n = strlen(tbuf) + 1;	/* for the \0 */
1956 			if (n > ep - bp || n >= MAXHOSTNAMELEN) {
1957 				had_error++;
1958 				continue;
1959 			}
1960 			strlcpy(bp, tbuf, ep - bp);
1961 			canonname = bp;
1962 			bp += n;
1963 			continue;
1964 		}
1965 		if (qtype == T_ANY) {
1966 			if (!(type == T_A || type == T_AAAA)) {
1967 				cp += n;
1968 				continue;
1969 			}
1970 		} else if (type != qtype) {
1971 #ifdef DEBUG
1972 			if (type != T_KEY && type != T_SIG &&
1973 			    type != ns_t_dname)
1974 				syslog(LOG_NOTICE|LOG_AUTH,
1975 	       "gethostby*.getanswer: asked for \"%s %s %s\", got type \"%s\"",
1976 				       qname, p_class(C_IN), p_type(qtype),
1977 				       p_type(type));
1978 #endif
1979 			cp += n;
1980 			continue;		/* XXX - had_error++ ? */
1981 		}
1982 		switch (type) {
1983 		case T_A:
1984 		case T_AAAA:
1985 			if (strcasecmp(canonname, bp) != 0) {
1986 #ifdef DEBUG
1987 				syslog(LOG_NOTICE|LOG_AUTH,
1988 				       AskedForGot, canonname, bp);
1989 #endif
1990 				cp += n;
1991 				continue;	/* XXX - had_error++ ? */
1992 			}
1993 			if (type == T_A && n != INADDRSZ) {
1994 				cp += n;
1995 				continue;
1996 			}
1997 			if (type == T_AAAA && n != IN6ADDRSZ) {
1998 				cp += n;
1999 				continue;
2000 			}
2001 #ifdef FILTER_V4MAPPED
2002 			if (type == T_AAAA) {
2003 				struct in6_addr in6;
2004 				memcpy(&in6, cp, sizeof(in6));
2005 				if (IN6_IS_ADDR_V4MAPPED(&in6)) {
2006 					cp += n;
2007 					continue;
2008 				}
2009 			}
2010 #endif
2011 			if (!haveanswer) {
2012 				int nn;
2013 
2014 				canonname = bp;
2015 				nn = strlen(bp) + 1;	/* for the \0 */
2016 				bp += nn;
2017 			}
2018 
2019 			/* don't overwrite pai */
2020 			ai = *pai;
2021 			ai.ai_family = (type == T_A) ? AF_INET : AF_INET6;
2022 			afd = find_afd(ai.ai_family);
2023 			if (afd == NULL) {
2024 				cp += n;
2025 				continue;
2026 			}
2027 			cur->ai_next = get_ai(&ai, afd, (const char *)cp);
2028 			if (cur->ai_next == NULL)
2029 				had_error++;
2030 			while (cur && cur->ai_next)
2031 				cur = cur->ai_next;
2032 			cp += n;
2033 			break;
2034 		default:
2035 			abort();
2036 		}
2037 		if (!had_error)
2038 			haveanswer++;
2039 	}
2040 	if (haveanswer) {
2041 #if defined(RESOLVSORT)
2042 		/*
2043 		 * We support only IPv4 address for backward
2044 		 * compatibility against gethostbyname(3).
2045 		 */
2046 		if (res->nsort && qtype == T_A) {
2047 			if (addr4sort(&sentinel, res) < 0) {
2048 				freeaddrinfo(sentinel.ai_next);
2049 				RES_SET_H_ERRNO(res, NO_RECOVERY);
2050 				return NULL;
2051 			}
2052 		}
2053 #endif /*RESOLVSORT*/
2054 		if (!canonname)
2055 			(void)get_canonname(pai, sentinel.ai_next, qname);
2056 		else
2057 			(void)get_canonname(pai, sentinel.ai_next, canonname);
2058 		RES_SET_H_ERRNO(res, NETDB_SUCCESS);
2059 		return sentinel.ai_next;
2060 	}
2061 
2062 	RES_SET_H_ERRNO(res, NO_RECOVERY);
2063 	return NULL;
2064 }
2065 
2066 #ifdef RESOLVSORT
2067 struct addr_ptr {
2068 	struct addrinfo *ai;
2069 	int aval;
2070 };
2071 
2072 static int
2073 addr4sort(struct addrinfo *sentinel, res_state res)
2074 {
2075 	struct addrinfo *ai;
2076 	struct addr_ptr *addrs, addr;
2077 	struct sockaddr_in *sin;
2078 	int naddrs, i, j;
2079 	int needsort = 0;
2080 
2081 	if (!sentinel)
2082 		return -1;
2083 	naddrs = 0;
2084 	for (ai = sentinel->ai_next; ai; ai = ai->ai_next)
2085 		naddrs++;
2086 	if (naddrs < 2)
2087 		return 0;		/* We don't need sorting. */
2088 	if ((addrs = malloc(sizeof(struct addr_ptr) * naddrs)) == NULL)
2089 		return -1;
2090 	i = 0;
2091 	for (ai = sentinel->ai_next; ai; ai = ai->ai_next) {
2092 		sin = (struct sockaddr_in *)ai->ai_addr;
2093 		for (j = 0; (unsigned)j < res->nsort; j++) {
2094 			if (res->sort_list[j].addr.s_addr ==
2095 			    (sin->sin_addr.s_addr & res->sort_list[j].mask))
2096 				break;
2097 		}
2098 		addrs[i].ai = ai;
2099 		addrs[i].aval = j;
2100 		if (needsort == 0 && i > 0 && j < addrs[i - 1].aval)
2101 			needsort = i;
2102 		i++;
2103 	}
2104 	if (!needsort) {
2105 		free(addrs);
2106 		return 0;
2107 	}
2108 
2109 	while (needsort < naddrs) {
2110 		for (j = needsort - 1; j >= 0; j--) {
2111 			if (addrs[j].aval > addrs[j+1].aval) {
2112 				addr = addrs[j];
2113 				addrs[j] = addrs[j + 1];
2114 				addrs[j + 1] = addr;
2115 			} else
2116 				break;
2117 		}
2118 		needsort++;
2119 	}
2120 
2121 	ai = sentinel;
2122 	for (i = 0; i < naddrs; ++i) {
2123 		ai->ai_next = addrs[i].ai;
2124 		ai = ai->ai_next;
2125 	}
2126 	ai->ai_next = NULL;
2127 	free(addrs);
2128 	return 0;
2129 }
2130 #endif /*RESOLVSORT*/
2131 
2132 /*ARGSUSED*/
2133 static int
2134 _dns_getaddrinfo(void *rv, void *cb_data, va_list ap)
2135 {
2136 	struct addrinfo *ai;
2137 	querybuf *buf, *buf2;
2138 	const char *hostname;
2139 	const struct addrinfo *pai;
2140 	struct addrinfo sentinel, *cur;
2141 	struct res_target q, q2;
2142 	res_state res;
2143 
2144 	hostname = va_arg(ap, char *);
2145 	pai = va_arg(ap, const struct addrinfo *);
2146 
2147 	memset(&q, 0, sizeof(q));
2148 	memset(&q2, 0, sizeof(q2));
2149 	memset(&sentinel, 0, sizeof(sentinel));
2150 	cur = &sentinel;
2151 
2152 	buf = malloc(sizeof(*buf));
2153 	if (!buf) {
2154 		RES_SET_H_ERRNO(res, NETDB_INTERNAL);
2155 		return NS_NOTFOUND;
2156 	}
2157 	buf2 = malloc(sizeof(*buf2));
2158 	if (!buf2) {
2159 		free(buf);
2160 		RES_SET_H_ERRNO(res, NETDB_INTERNAL);
2161 		return NS_NOTFOUND;
2162 	}
2163 
2164 	switch (pai->ai_family) {
2165 	case AF_UNSPEC:
2166 		q.name = hostname;
2167 		q.qclass = C_IN;
2168 		q.qtype = T_A;
2169 		q.answer = buf->buf;
2170 		q.anslen = sizeof(buf->buf);
2171 		q.next = &q2;
2172 		q2.name = hostname;
2173 		q2.qclass = C_IN;
2174 		q2.qtype = T_AAAA;
2175 		q2.answer = buf2->buf;
2176 		q2.anslen = sizeof(buf2->buf);
2177 		break;
2178 	case AF_INET:
2179 		q.name = hostname;
2180 		q.qclass = C_IN;
2181 		q.qtype = T_A;
2182 		q.answer = buf->buf;
2183 		q.anslen = sizeof(buf->buf);
2184 		break;
2185 	case AF_INET6:
2186 		q.name = hostname;
2187 		q.qclass = C_IN;
2188 		q.qtype = T_AAAA;
2189 		q.answer = buf->buf;
2190 		q.anslen = sizeof(buf->buf);
2191 		break;
2192 	default:
2193 		free(buf);
2194 		free(buf2);
2195 		return NS_UNAVAIL;
2196 	}
2197 
2198 	res = __res_state();
2199 	if ((res->options & RES_INIT) == 0 && res_ninit(res) == -1) {
2200 		RES_SET_H_ERRNO(res, NETDB_INTERNAL);
2201 		free(buf);
2202 		free(buf2);
2203 		return NS_NOTFOUND;
2204 	}
2205 
2206 	if (res_searchN(hostname, &q, res) < 0) {
2207 		free(buf);
2208 		free(buf2);
2209 		return NS_NOTFOUND;
2210 	}
2211 	/* prefer IPv6 */
2212 	if (q.next) {
2213 		ai = getanswer(buf2, q2.n, q2.name, q2.qtype, pai, res);
2214 		if (ai) {
2215 			cur->ai_next = ai;
2216 			while (cur && cur->ai_next)
2217 				cur = cur->ai_next;
2218 		}
2219 	}
2220 	ai = getanswer(buf, q.n, q.name, q.qtype, pai, res);
2221 	if (ai)
2222 		cur->ai_next = ai;
2223 	free(buf);
2224 	free(buf2);
2225 	if (sentinel.ai_next == NULL)
2226 		switch (res->res_h_errno) {
2227 		case HOST_NOT_FOUND:
2228 			return NS_NOTFOUND;
2229 		case TRY_AGAIN:
2230 			return NS_TRYAGAIN;
2231 		default:
2232 			return NS_UNAVAIL;
2233 		}
2234 	*((struct addrinfo **)rv) = sentinel.ai_next;
2235 	return NS_SUCCESS;
2236 }
2237 
2238 static void
2239 _sethtent(FILE **hostf)
2240 {
2241 	if (!*hostf)
2242 		*hostf = fopen(_PATH_HOSTS, "r");
2243 	else
2244 		rewind(*hostf);
2245 }
2246 
2247 static void
2248 _endhtent(FILE **hostf)
2249 {
2250 	if (*hostf) {
2251 		(void) fclose(*hostf);
2252 		*hostf = NULL;
2253 	}
2254 }
2255 
2256 static struct addrinfo *
2257 _gethtent(FILE **hostf, const char *name, const struct addrinfo *pai)
2258 {
2259 	char *p;
2260 	char *cp, *tname, *cname;
2261 	struct addrinfo hints, *res0, *res;
2262 	int error;
2263 	const char *addr;
2264 	char hostbuf[8*1024];
2265 
2266 	if (!*hostf && !(*hostf = fopen(_PATH_HOSTS, "r")))
2267 		return (NULL);
2268 again:
2269 	if (!(p = fgets(hostbuf, sizeof hostbuf, *hostf)))
2270 		return (NULL);
2271 	if (*p == '#')
2272 		goto again;
2273 	cp = strpbrk(p, "#\n");
2274 	if (cp != NULL)
2275 		*cp = '\0';
2276 	if (!(cp = strpbrk(p, " \t")))
2277 		goto again;
2278 	*cp++ = '\0';
2279 	addr = p;
2280 	cname = NULL;
2281 	/* if this is not something we're looking for, skip it. */
2282 	while (cp && *cp) {
2283 		if (*cp == ' ' || *cp == '\t') {
2284 			cp++;
2285 			continue;
2286 		}
2287 		tname = cp;
2288 		if (cname == NULL)
2289 			cname = cp;
2290 		if ((cp = strpbrk(cp, " \t")) != NULL)
2291 			*cp++ = '\0';
2292 		if (strcasecmp(name, tname) == 0)
2293 			goto found;
2294 	}
2295 	goto again;
2296 
2297 found:
2298 	/* we should not glob socktype/protocol here */
2299 	memset(&hints, 0, sizeof(hints));
2300 	hints.ai_family = pai->ai_family;
2301 	hints.ai_socktype = SOCK_DGRAM;
2302 	hints.ai_protocol = 0;
2303 	hints.ai_flags = AI_NUMERICHOST;
2304 	error = getaddrinfo(addr, "0", &hints, &res0);
2305 	if (error)
2306 		goto again;
2307 #ifdef FILTER_V4MAPPED
2308 	/* XXX should check all items in the chain */
2309 	if (res0->ai_family == AF_INET6 &&
2310 	    IN6_IS_ADDR_V4MAPPED(&((struct sockaddr_in6 *)res0->ai_addr)->sin6_addr)) {
2311 		freeaddrinfo(res0);
2312 		goto again;
2313 	}
2314 #endif
2315 	for (res = res0; res; res = res->ai_next) {
2316 		/* cover it up */
2317 		res->ai_flags = pai->ai_flags;
2318 		res->ai_socktype = pai->ai_socktype;
2319 		res->ai_protocol = pai->ai_protocol;
2320 
2321 		if (pai->ai_flags & AI_CANONNAME) {
2322 			if (get_canonname(pai, res, cname) != 0) {
2323 				freeaddrinfo(res0);
2324 				goto again;
2325 			}
2326 		}
2327 	}
2328 	return res0;
2329 }
2330 
2331 /*ARGSUSED*/
2332 static int
2333 _files_getaddrinfo(void *rv, void *cb_data, va_list ap)
2334 {
2335 	const char *name;
2336 	const struct addrinfo *pai;
2337 	struct addrinfo sentinel, *cur;
2338 	struct addrinfo *p;
2339 	FILE *hostf = NULL;
2340 
2341 	name = va_arg(ap, char *);
2342 	pai = va_arg(ap, struct addrinfo *);
2343 
2344 	memset(&sentinel, 0, sizeof(sentinel));
2345 	cur = &sentinel;
2346 
2347 	_sethtent(&hostf);
2348 	while ((p = _gethtent(&hostf, name, pai)) != NULL) {
2349 		cur->ai_next = p;
2350 		while (cur && cur->ai_next)
2351 			cur = cur->ai_next;
2352 	}
2353 	_endhtent(&hostf);
2354 
2355 	*((struct addrinfo **)rv) = sentinel.ai_next;
2356 	if (sentinel.ai_next == NULL)
2357 		return NS_NOTFOUND;
2358 	return NS_SUCCESS;
2359 }
2360 
2361 #ifdef YP
2362 /*ARGSUSED*/
2363 static struct addrinfo *
2364 _yphostent(char *line, const struct addrinfo *pai)
2365 {
2366 	struct addrinfo sentinel, *cur;
2367 	struct addrinfo hints, *res, *res0;
2368 	int error;
2369 	char *p = line;
2370 	const char *addr, *canonname;
2371 	char *nextline;
2372 	char *cp;
2373 
2374 	addr = canonname = NULL;
2375 
2376 	memset(&sentinel, 0, sizeof(sentinel));
2377 	cur = &sentinel;
2378 
2379 nextline:
2380 	/* terminate line */
2381 	cp = strchr(p, '\n');
2382 	if (cp) {
2383 		*cp++ = '\0';
2384 		nextline = cp;
2385 	} else
2386 		nextline = NULL;
2387 
2388 	cp = strpbrk(p, " \t");
2389 	if (cp == NULL) {
2390 		if (canonname == NULL)
2391 			return (NULL);
2392 		else
2393 			goto done;
2394 	}
2395 	*cp++ = '\0';
2396 
2397 	addr = p;
2398 
2399 	while (cp && *cp) {
2400 		if (*cp == ' ' || *cp == '\t') {
2401 			cp++;
2402 			continue;
2403 		}
2404 		if (!canonname)
2405 			canonname = cp;
2406 		if ((cp = strpbrk(cp, " \t")) != NULL)
2407 			*cp++ = '\0';
2408 	}
2409 
2410 	hints = *pai;
2411 	hints.ai_flags = AI_NUMERICHOST;
2412 	error = getaddrinfo(addr, NULL, &hints, &res0);
2413 	if (error == 0) {
2414 		for (res = res0; res; res = res->ai_next) {
2415 			/* cover it up */
2416 			res->ai_flags = pai->ai_flags;
2417 
2418 			if (pai->ai_flags & AI_CANONNAME)
2419 				(void)get_canonname(pai, res, canonname);
2420 		}
2421 	} else
2422 		res0 = NULL;
2423 	if (res0) {
2424 		cur->ai_next = res0;
2425 		while (cur && cur->ai_next)
2426 			cur = cur->ai_next;
2427 	}
2428 
2429 	if (nextline) {
2430 		p = nextline;
2431 		goto nextline;
2432 	}
2433 
2434 done:
2435 	return sentinel.ai_next;
2436 }
2437 
2438 /*ARGSUSED*/
2439 static int
2440 _yp_getaddrinfo(void *rv, void *cb_data, va_list ap)
2441 {
2442 	struct addrinfo sentinel, *cur;
2443 	struct addrinfo *ai = NULL;
2444 	char *ypbuf;
2445 	int ypbuflen, r;
2446 	const char *name;
2447 	const struct addrinfo *pai;
2448 	char *ypdomain;
2449 
2450 	if (_yp_check(&ypdomain) == 0)
2451 		return NS_UNAVAIL;
2452 
2453 	name = va_arg(ap, char *);
2454 	pai = va_arg(ap, const struct addrinfo *);
2455 
2456 	memset(&sentinel, 0, sizeof(sentinel));
2457 	cur = &sentinel;
2458 
2459 	/* hosts.byname is only for IPv4 (Solaris8) */
2460 	if (pai->ai_family == PF_UNSPEC || pai->ai_family == PF_INET) {
2461 		r = yp_match(ypdomain, "hosts.byname", name,
2462 			(int)strlen(name), &ypbuf, &ypbuflen);
2463 		if (r == 0) {
2464 			struct addrinfo ai4;
2465 
2466 			ai4 = *pai;
2467 			ai4.ai_family = AF_INET;
2468 			ai = _yphostent(ypbuf, &ai4);
2469 			if (ai) {
2470 				cur->ai_next = ai;
2471 				while (cur && cur->ai_next)
2472 					cur = cur->ai_next;
2473 			}
2474 			free(ypbuf);
2475 		}
2476 	}
2477 
2478 	/* ipnodes.byname can hold both IPv4/v6 */
2479 	r = yp_match(ypdomain, "ipnodes.byname", name,
2480 		(int)strlen(name), &ypbuf, &ypbuflen);
2481 	if (r == 0) {
2482 		ai = _yphostent(ypbuf, pai);
2483 		if (ai)
2484 			cur->ai_next = ai;
2485 		free(ypbuf);
2486 	}
2487 
2488 	if (sentinel.ai_next == NULL) {
2489 		RES_SET_H_ERRNO(__res_state(), HOST_NOT_FOUND);
2490 		return NS_NOTFOUND;
2491 	}
2492 	*((struct addrinfo **)rv) = sentinel.ai_next;
2493 	return NS_SUCCESS;
2494 }
2495 #endif
2496 
2497 /* resolver logic */
2498 
2499 /*
2500  * Formulate a normal query, send, and await answer.
2501  * Returned answer is placed in supplied buffer "answer".
2502  * Perform preliminary check of answer, returning success only
2503  * if no error is indicated and the answer count is nonzero.
2504  * Return the size of the response on success, -1 on error.
2505  * Error number is left in h_errno.
2506  *
2507  * Caller must parse answer and determine whether it answers the question.
2508  */
2509 static int
2510 res_queryN(const char *name, struct res_target *target, res_state res)
2511 {
2512 	u_char *buf;
2513 	HEADER *hp;
2514 	int n;
2515 	u_int oflags;
2516 	struct res_target *t;
2517 	int rcode;
2518 	int ancount;
2519 
2520 	rcode = NOERROR;
2521 	ancount = 0;
2522 
2523 	buf = malloc(MAXPACKET);
2524 	if (!buf) {
2525 		RES_SET_H_ERRNO(res, NETDB_INTERNAL);
2526 		return -1;
2527 	}
2528 
2529 	for (t = target; t; t = t->next) {
2530 		int class, type;
2531 		u_char *answer;
2532 		int anslen;
2533 
2534 		hp = (HEADER *)(void *)t->answer;
2535 
2536 		/* make it easier... */
2537 		class = t->qclass;
2538 		type = t->qtype;
2539 		answer = t->answer;
2540 		anslen = t->anslen;
2541 
2542 		oflags = res->_flags;
2543 
2544 again:
2545 		hp->rcode = NOERROR;	/* default */
2546 
2547 #ifdef DEBUG
2548 		if (res->options & RES_DEBUG)
2549 			printf(";; res_query(%s, %d, %d)\n", name, class, type);
2550 #endif
2551 
2552 		n = res_nmkquery(res, QUERY, name, class, type, NULL, 0, NULL,
2553 		    buf, MAXPACKET);
2554 		if (n > 0 && (res->_flags & RES_F_EDNS0ERR) == 0 &&
2555 		    (res->options & (RES_USE_EDNS0|RES_USE_DNSSEC)) != 0U)
2556 			n = res_nopt(res, n, buf, MAXPACKET, anslen);
2557 		if (n <= 0) {
2558 #ifdef DEBUG
2559 			if (res->options & RES_DEBUG)
2560 				printf(";; res_query: mkquery failed\n");
2561 #endif
2562 			free(buf);
2563 			RES_SET_H_ERRNO(res, NO_RECOVERY);
2564 			return (n);
2565 		}
2566 		n = res_nsend(res, buf, n, answer, anslen);
2567 		if (n < 0) {
2568 			/*
2569 			 * if the query choked with EDNS0, retry
2570 			 * without EDNS0
2571 			 */
2572 			if ((res->options & (RES_USE_EDNS0|RES_USE_DNSSEC))
2573 			    != 0U &&
2574 			    ((oflags ^ res->_flags) & RES_F_EDNS0ERR) != 0) {
2575 				res->_flags |= RES_F_EDNS0ERR;
2576 				if (res->options & RES_DEBUG)
2577 					printf(";; res_nquery: retry without EDNS0\n");
2578 				goto again;
2579 			}
2580 			rcode = hp->rcode;	/* record most recent error */
2581 #ifdef DEBUG
2582 			if (res->options & RES_DEBUG)
2583 				printf(";; res_query: send error\n");
2584 #endif
2585 			continue;
2586 		}
2587 
2588 		if (n > anslen)
2589 			hp->rcode = FORMERR; /* XXX not very informative */
2590 		if (hp->rcode != NOERROR || ntohs(hp->ancount) == 0) {
2591 			rcode = hp->rcode;	/* record most recent error */
2592 #ifdef DEBUG
2593 			if (res->options & RES_DEBUG)
2594 				printf(";; rcode = %u, ancount=%u\n", hp->rcode,
2595 				    ntohs(hp->ancount));
2596 #endif
2597 			continue;
2598 		}
2599 
2600 		ancount += ntohs(hp->ancount);
2601 
2602 		t->n = n;
2603 	}
2604 
2605 	free(buf);
2606 
2607 	if (ancount == 0) {
2608 		switch (rcode) {
2609 		case NXDOMAIN:
2610 			RES_SET_H_ERRNO(res, HOST_NOT_FOUND);
2611 			break;
2612 		case SERVFAIL:
2613 			RES_SET_H_ERRNO(res, TRY_AGAIN);
2614 			break;
2615 		case NOERROR:
2616 			RES_SET_H_ERRNO(res, NO_DATA);
2617 			break;
2618 		case FORMERR:
2619 		case NOTIMP:
2620 		case REFUSED:
2621 		default:
2622 			RES_SET_H_ERRNO(res, NO_RECOVERY);
2623 			break;
2624 		}
2625 		return (-1);
2626 	}
2627 	return (ancount);
2628 }
2629 
2630 /*
2631  * Formulate a normal query, send, and retrieve answer in supplied buffer.
2632  * Return the size of the response on success, -1 on error.
2633  * If enabled, implement search rules until answer or unrecoverable failure
2634  * is detected.  Error code, if any, is left in h_errno.
2635  */
2636 static int
2637 res_searchN(const char *name, struct res_target *target, res_state res)
2638 {
2639 	const char *cp, * const *domain;
2640 	HEADER *hp = (HEADER *)(void *)target->answer;	/*XXX*/
2641 	u_int dots;
2642 	int trailing_dot, ret, saved_herrno;
2643 	int got_nodata = 0, got_servfail = 0, root_on_list = 0;
2644 	int tried_as_is = 0;
2645 	int searched = 0;
2646 	char abuf[MAXDNAME];
2647 
2648 	errno = 0;
2649 	RES_SET_H_ERRNO(res, HOST_NOT_FOUND); /* default, if we never query */
2650 	dots = 0;
2651 	for (cp = name; *cp; cp++)
2652 		dots += (*cp == '.');
2653 	trailing_dot = 0;
2654 	if (cp > name && *--cp == '.')
2655 		trailing_dot++;
2656 
2657 	/*
2658 	 * if there aren't any dots, it could be a user-level alias
2659 	 */
2660 	if (!dots &&
2661 	    (cp = res_hostalias(res, name, abuf, sizeof(abuf))) != NULL)
2662 		return (res_queryN(cp, target, res));
2663 
2664 	/*
2665 	 * If there are enough dots in the name, let's just give it a
2666 	 * try 'as is'. The threshold can be set with the "ndots" option.
2667 	 * Also, query 'as is', if there is a trailing dot in the name.
2668 	 */
2669 	saved_herrno = -1;
2670 	if (dots >= res->ndots || trailing_dot) {
2671 		ret = res_querydomainN(name, NULL, target, res);
2672 		if (ret > 0 || trailing_dot)
2673 			return (ret);
2674 		if (errno == ECONNREFUSED) {
2675 			RES_SET_H_ERRNO(res, TRY_AGAIN);
2676 			return (-1);
2677 		}
2678 		switch (res->res_h_errno) {
2679 		case NO_DATA:
2680 		case HOST_NOT_FOUND:
2681 			break;
2682 		case TRY_AGAIN:
2683 			if (hp->rcode == SERVFAIL)
2684 				break;
2685 			/* FALLTHROUGH */
2686 		default:
2687 			return (-1);
2688 		}
2689 		saved_herrno = res->res_h_errno;
2690 		tried_as_is++;
2691 	}
2692 
2693 	/*
2694 	 * We do at least one level of search if
2695 	 *	- there is no dot and RES_DEFNAME is set, or
2696 	 *	- there is at least one dot, there is no trailing dot,
2697 	 *	  and RES_DNSRCH is set.
2698 	 */
2699 	if ((!dots && (res->options & RES_DEFNAMES)) ||
2700 	    (dots && !trailing_dot && (res->options & RES_DNSRCH))) {
2701 		int done = 0;
2702 
2703 		for (domain = (const char * const *)res->dnsrch;
2704 		   *domain && !done;
2705 		   domain++) {
2706 			searched = 1;
2707 
2708 			if (domain[0][0] == '\0' ||
2709 			    (domain[0][0] == '.' && domain[0][1] == '\0'))
2710 				root_on_list++;
2711 
2712 			if (root_on_list && tried_as_is)
2713 				continue;
2714 
2715 			ret = res_querydomainN(name, *domain, target, res);
2716 			if (ret > 0)
2717 				return (ret);
2718 
2719 			/*
2720 			 * If no server present, give up.
2721 			 * If name isn't found in this domain,
2722 			 * keep trying higher domains in the search list
2723 			 * (if that's enabled).
2724 			 * On a NO_DATA error, keep trying, otherwise
2725 			 * a wildcard entry of another type could keep us
2726 			 * from finding this entry higher in the domain.
2727 			 * If we get some other error (negative answer or
2728 			 * server failure), then stop searching up,
2729 			 * but try the input name below in case it's
2730 			 * fully-qualified.
2731 			 */
2732 			if (errno == ECONNREFUSED) {
2733 				RES_SET_H_ERRNO(res, TRY_AGAIN);
2734 				return (-1);
2735 			}
2736 
2737 			switch (res->res_h_errno) {
2738 			case NO_DATA:
2739 				got_nodata++;
2740 				/* FALLTHROUGH */
2741 			case HOST_NOT_FOUND:
2742 				/* keep trying */
2743 				break;
2744 			case TRY_AGAIN:
2745 				got_servfail++;
2746 				if (hp->rcode == SERVFAIL) {
2747 					/* try next search element, if any */
2748 					break;
2749 				}
2750 				/* FALLTHROUGH */
2751 			default:
2752 				/* anything else implies that we're done */
2753 				done++;
2754 			}
2755 			/*
2756 			 * if we got here for some reason other than DNSRCH,
2757 			 * we only wanted one iteration of the loop, so stop.
2758 			 */
2759 			if (!(res->options & RES_DNSRCH))
2760 			        done++;
2761 		}
2762 	}
2763 
2764 	switch (res->res_h_errno) {
2765 	case NO_DATA:
2766 	case HOST_NOT_FOUND:
2767 		break;
2768 	case TRY_AGAIN:
2769 		if (hp->rcode == SERVFAIL)
2770 			break;
2771 		/* FALLTHROUGH */
2772 	default:
2773 		goto giveup;
2774 	}
2775 
2776 	/*
2777 	 * If the query has not already been tried as is then try it
2778 	 * unless RES_NOTLDQUERY is set and there were no dots.
2779 	 */
2780 	if ((dots || !searched || !(res->options & RES_NOTLDQUERY)) &&
2781 	    !(tried_as_is || root_on_list)) {
2782 		ret = res_querydomainN(name, NULL, target, res);
2783 		if (ret > 0)
2784 			return (ret);
2785 	}
2786 
2787 	/*
2788 	 * if we got here, we didn't satisfy the search.
2789 	 * if we did an initial full query, return that query's h_errno
2790 	 * (note that we wouldn't be here if that query had succeeded).
2791 	 * else if we ever got a nodata, send that back as the reason.
2792 	 * else send back meaningless h_errno, that being the one from
2793 	 * the last DNSRCH we did.
2794 	 */
2795 giveup:
2796 	if (saved_herrno != -1)
2797 		RES_SET_H_ERRNO(res, saved_herrno);
2798 	else if (got_nodata)
2799 		RES_SET_H_ERRNO(res, NO_DATA);
2800 	else if (got_servfail)
2801 		RES_SET_H_ERRNO(res, TRY_AGAIN);
2802 	return (-1);
2803 }
2804 
2805 /*
2806  * Perform a call on res_query on the concatenation of name and domain,
2807  * removing a trailing dot from name if domain is NULL.
2808  */
2809 static int
2810 res_querydomainN(const char *name, const char *domain,
2811     struct res_target *target, res_state res)
2812 {
2813 	char nbuf[MAXDNAME];
2814 	const char *longname = nbuf;
2815 	size_t n, d;
2816 
2817 #ifdef DEBUG
2818 	if (res->options & RES_DEBUG)
2819 		printf(";; res_querydomain(%s, %s)\n",
2820 			name, domain?domain:"<Nil>");
2821 #endif
2822 	if (domain == NULL) {
2823 		/*
2824 		 * Check for trailing '.';
2825 		 * copy without '.' if present.
2826 		 */
2827 		n = strlen(name);
2828 		if (n >= MAXDNAME) {
2829 			RES_SET_H_ERRNO(res, NO_RECOVERY);
2830 			return (-1);
2831 		}
2832 		if (n > 0 && name[--n] == '.') {
2833 			strncpy(nbuf, name, n);
2834 			nbuf[n] = '\0';
2835 		} else
2836 			longname = name;
2837 	} else {
2838 		n = strlen(name);
2839 		d = strlen(domain);
2840 		if (n + d + 1 >= MAXDNAME) {
2841 			RES_SET_H_ERRNO(res, NO_RECOVERY);
2842 			return (-1);
2843 		}
2844 		snprintf(nbuf, sizeof(nbuf), "%s.%s", name, domain);
2845 	}
2846 	return (res_queryN(longname, target, res));
2847 }
2848