1.\" Copyright (c) 2002 Tim J. Robbins 2.\" All rights reserved. 3.\" 4.\" Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without 5.\" modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions 6.\" are met: 7.\" 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright 8.\" notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer. 9.\" 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright 10.\" notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the 11.\" documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution. 12.\" 13.\" THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE AUTHOR AND CONTRIBUTORS ``AS IS'' AND 14.\" ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE 15.\" IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE 16.\" ARE DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE AUTHOR OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE 17.\" FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL 18.\" DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS 19.\" OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION) 20.\" HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT 21.\" LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY 22.\" OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF 23.\" SUCH DAMAGE. 24.\" 25.Dd February 13, 2012 26.Dt BTOWC 3 27.Os 28.Sh NAME 29.Nm btowc , 30.Nm wctob 31.Nd "convert between wide and single-byte characters" 32.Sh LIBRARY 33.Lb libc 34.Sh SYNOPSIS 35.In wchar.h 36.Ft wint_t 37.Fn btowc "int c" 38.Ft int 39.Fn wctob "wint_t c" 40.In wchar.h 41.In xlocale.h 42.Ft wint_t 43.Fn btowc_l "int c" "locale_t loc" 44.Ft int 45.Fn wctob_l "wint_t c" "locale_t loc" 46.Sh DESCRIPTION 47The 48.Fn btowc 49function converts a single-byte character into a corresponding wide character. 50If the character is 51.Dv EOF 52or not valid in the initial shift state, 53.Fn btowc 54returns 55.Dv WEOF . 56.Pp 57The 58.Fn wctob 59function converts a wide character into a corresponding single-byte character. 60If the wide character is 61.Dv WEOF 62or not able to be represented as a single byte in the initial shift state, 63.Fn wctob 64returns 65.Dv EOF . 66.Pp 67The _l-suffixed versions take an explicit locale argument, while the 68non-suffixed versions use the current global or per-thread locale. 69.Sh SEE ALSO 70.Xr mbrtowc 3 , 71.Xr multibyte 3 , 72.Xr wcrtomb 3 73.Sh STANDARDS 74The 75.Fn btowc 76and 77.Fn wctob 78functions conform to 79.St -p1003.1-2001 . 80.Sh HISTORY 81The 82.Fn btowc 83and 84.Fn wctob 85functions first appeared in 86.Fx 5.0 . 87