xref: /freebsd/lib/libc/gen/wordexp.c (revision f4b37ed0f8b307b1f3f0f630ca725d68f1dff30d)
1 /*-
2  * Copyright (c) 2002 Tim J. Robbins.
3  * All rights reserved.
4  *
5  * Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
6  * modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions
7  * are met:
8  * 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
9  *    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
10  * 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright
11  *    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the
12  *    documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
13  *
14  * THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE AUTHOR AND CONTRIBUTORS ``AS IS'' AND
15  * ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE
16  * IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE
17  * ARE DISCLAIMED.  IN NO EVENT SHALL THE AUTHOR OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE
18  * FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL
19  * DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS
20  * OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION)
21  * HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT
22  * LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY
23  * OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF
24  * SUCH DAMAGE.
25  */
26 
27 #include "namespace.h"
28 #include <sys/cdefs.h>
29 #include <sys/types.h>
30 #include <sys/wait.h>
31 #include <errno.h>
32 #include <fcntl.h>
33 #include <paths.h>
34 #include <signal.h>
35 #include <stdio.h>
36 #include <stdlib.h>
37 #include <string.h>
38 #include <unistd.h>
39 #include <wordexp.h>
40 #include "un-namespace.h"
41 
42 __FBSDID("$FreeBSD$");
43 
44 static int	we_askshell(const char *, wordexp_t *, int);
45 static int	we_check(const char *, int);
46 
47 /*
48  * wordexp --
49  *	Perform shell word expansion on `words' and place the resulting list
50  *	of words in `we'. See wordexp(3).
51  *
52  *	Specified by IEEE Std. 1003.1-2001.
53  */
54 int
55 wordexp(const char * __restrict words, wordexp_t * __restrict we, int flags)
56 {
57 	int error;
58 
59 	if (flags & WRDE_REUSE)
60 		wordfree(we);
61 	if ((flags & WRDE_APPEND) == 0) {
62 		we->we_wordc = 0;
63 		we->we_wordv = NULL;
64 		we->we_strings = NULL;
65 		we->we_nbytes = 0;
66 	}
67 	if ((error = we_check(words, flags)) != 0) {
68 		wordfree(we);
69 		return (error);
70 	}
71 	if ((error = we_askshell(words, we, flags)) != 0) {
72 		wordfree(we);
73 		return (error);
74 	}
75 	return (0);
76 }
77 
78 static size_t
79 we_read_fully(int fd, char *buffer, size_t len)
80 {
81 	size_t done;
82 	ssize_t nread;
83 
84 	done = 0;
85 	do {
86 		nread = _read(fd, buffer + done, len - done);
87 		if (nread == -1 && errno == EINTR)
88 			continue;
89 		if (nread <= 0)
90 			break;
91 		done += nread;
92 	} while (done != len);
93 	return done;
94 }
95 
96 /*
97  * we_askshell --
98  *	Use the `wordexp' /bin/sh builtin function to do most of the work
99  *	in expanding the word string. This function is complicated by
100  *	memory management.
101  */
102 static int
103 we_askshell(const char *words, wordexp_t *we, int flags)
104 {
105 	int pdes[2];			/* Pipe to child */
106 	char bbuf[9];			/* Buffer for byte count */
107 	char wbuf[9];			/* Buffer for word count */
108 	long nwords, nbytes;		/* Number of words, bytes from child */
109 	long i;				/* Handy integer */
110 	size_t sofs;			/* Offset into we->we_strings */
111 	size_t vofs;			/* Offset into we->we_wordv */
112 	pid_t pid;			/* Process ID of child */
113 	pid_t wpid;			/* waitpid return value */
114 	int status;			/* Child exit status */
115 	int error;			/* Our return value */
116 	int serrno;			/* errno to return */
117 	char *np, *p;			/* Handy pointers */
118 	char *nstrings;			/* Temporary for realloc() */
119 	char **nwv;			/* Temporary for realloc() */
120 	sigset_t newsigblock, oldsigblock;
121 	const char *ifs;
122 
123 	serrno = errno;
124 	ifs = getenv("IFS");
125 
126 	if (pipe2(pdes, O_CLOEXEC) < 0)
127 		return (WRDE_NOSPACE);	/* XXX */
128 	(void)sigemptyset(&newsigblock);
129 	(void)sigaddset(&newsigblock, SIGCHLD);
130 	(void)_sigprocmask(SIG_BLOCK, &newsigblock, &oldsigblock);
131 	if ((pid = fork()) < 0) {
132 		serrno = errno;
133 		_close(pdes[0]);
134 		_close(pdes[1]);
135 		(void)_sigprocmask(SIG_SETMASK, &oldsigblock, NULL);
136 		errno = serrno;
137 		return (WRDE_NOSPACE);	/* XXX */
138 	}
139 	else if (pid == 0) {
140 		/*
141 		 * We are the child; just get /bin/sh to run the wordexp
142 		 * builtin on `words'.
143 		 */
144 		(void)_sigprocmask(SIG_SETMASK, &oldsigblock, NULL);
145 		if ((pdes[1] != STDOUT_FILENO ?
146 		    _dup2(pdes[1], STDOUT_FILENO) :
147 		    _fcntl(pdes[1], F_SETFD, 0)) < 0)
148 			_exit(1);
149 		execl(_PATH_BSHELL, "sh", flags & WRDE_UNDEF ? "-u" : "+u",
150 		    "-c", "IFS=$1;eval \"$2\";eval \"wordexp $3\"", "",
151 		    ifs != NULL ? ifs : " \t\n",
152 		    flags & WRDE_SHOWERR ? "" : "exec 2>/dev/null", words,
153 		    (char *)NULL);
154 		_exit(1);
155 	}
156 
157 	/*
158 	 * We are the parent; read the output of the shell wordexp function,
159 	 * which is a 32-bit hexadecimal word count, a 32-bit hexadecimal
160 	 * byte count (not including terminating null bytes), followed by
161 	 * the expanded words separated by nulls.
162 	 */
163 	_close(pdes[1]);
164 	if (we_read_fully(pdes[0], wbuf, 8) != 8 ||
165 			we_read_fully(pdes[0], bbuf, 8) != 8) {
166 		error = flags & WRDE_UNDEF ? WRDE_BADVAL : WRDE_SYNTAX;
167 		serrno = errno;
168 		goto cleanup;
169 	}
170 	wbuf[8] = bbuf[8] = '\0';
171 	nwords = strtol(wbuf, NULL, 16);
172 	nbytes = strtol(bbuf, NULL, 16) + nwords;
173 
174 	/*
175 	 * Allocate or reallocate (when flags & WRDE_APPEND) the word vector
176 	 * and string storage buffers for the expanded words we're about to
177 	 * read from the child.
178 	 */
179 	sofs = we->we_nbytes;
180 	vofs = we->we_wordc;
181 	if ((flags & (WRDE_DOOFFS|WRDE_APPEND)) == (WRDE_DOOFFS|WRDE_APPEND))
182 		vofs += we->we_offs;
183 	we->we_wordc += nwords;
184 	we->we_nbytes += nbytes;
185 	if ((nwv = realloc(we->we_wordv, (we->we_wordc + 1 +
186 	    (flags & WRDE_DOOFFS ?  we->we_offs : 0)) *
187 	    sizeof(char *))) == NULL) {
188 		error = WRDE_NOSPACE;
189 		goto cleanup;
190 	}
191 	we->we_wordv = nwv;
192 	if ((nstrings = realloc(we->we_strings, we->we_nbytes)) == NULL) {
193 		error = WRDE_NOSPACE;
194 		goto cleanup;
195 	}
196 	for (i = 0; i < vofs; i++)
197 		if (we->we_wordv[i] != NULL)
198 			we->we_wordv[i] += nstrings - we->we_strings;
199 	we->we_strings = nstrings;
200 
201 	if (we_read_fully(pdes[0], we->we_strings + sofs, nbytes) != nbytes) {
202 		error = flags & WRDE_UNDEF ? WRDE_BADVAL : WRDE_SYNTAX;
203 		serrno = errno;
204 		goto cleanup;
205 	}
206 
207 	error = 0;
208 cleanup:
209 	_close(pdes[0]);
210 	do
211 		wpid = _waitpid(pid, &status, 0);
212 	while (wpid < 0 && errno == EINTR);
213 	(void)_sigprocmask(SIG_SETMASK, &oldsigblock, NULL);
214 	if (error != 0) {
215 		errno = serrno;
216 		return (error);
217 	}
218 	if (wpid < 0 || !WIFEXITED(status) || WEXITSTATUS(status) != 0)
219 		return (flags & WRDE_UNDEF ? WRDE_BADVAL : WRDE_SYNTAX);
220 
221 	/*
222 	 * Break the null-terminated expanded word strings out into
223 	 * the vector.
224 	 */
225 	if (vofs == 0 && flags & WRDE_DOOFFS)
226 		while (vofs < we->we_offs)
227 			we->we_wordv[vofs++] = NULL;
228 	p = we->we_strings + sofs;
229 	while (nwords-- != 0) {
230 		we->we_wordv[vofs++] = p;
231 		if ((np = memchr(p, '\0', nbytes)) == NULL)
232 			return (WRDE_NOSPACE);	/* XXX */
233 		nbytes -= np - p + 1;
234 		p = np + 1;
235 	}
236 	we->we_wordv[vofs] = NULL;
237 
238 	return (0);
239 }
240 
241 /*
242  * we_check --
243  *	Check that the string contains none of the following unquoted
244  *	special characters: <newline> |&;<>(){}
245  *	or command substitutions when WRDE_NOCMD is set in flags.
246  */
247 static int
248 we_check(const char *words, int flags)
249 {
250 	char c;
251 	int dquote, level, quote, squote;
252 
253 	quote = squote = dquote = 0;
254 	while ((c = *words++) != '\0') {
255 		switch (c) {
256 		case '\\':
257 			if (squote == 0)
258 				quote ^= 1;
259 			continue;
260 		case '\'':
261 			if (quote + dquote == 0)
262 				squote ^= 1;
263 			break;
264 		case '"':
265 			if (quote + squote == 0)
266 				dquote ^= 1;
267 			break;
268 		case '`':
269 			if (quote + squote == 0 && flags & WRDE_NOCMD)
270 				return (WRDE_CMDSUB);
271 			while ((c = *words++) != '\0' && c != '`')
272 				if (c == '\\' && (c = *words++) == '\0')
273 					break;
274 			if (c == '\0')
275 				return (WRDE_SYNTAX);
276 			break;
277 		case '|': case '&': case ';': case '<': case '>':
278 		case '{': case '}': case '(': case ')': case '\n':
279 			if (quote + squote + dquote == 0)
280 				return (WRDE_BADCHAR);
281 			break;
282 		case '$':
283 			if ((c = *words++) == '\0')
284 				break;
285 			else if (quote + squote == 0 && c == '(') {
286 				if (flags & WRDE_NOCMD && *words != '(')
287 					return (WRDE_CMDSUB);
288 				level = 1;
289 				while ((c = *words++) != '\0') {
290 					if (c == '\\') {
291 						if ((c = *words++) == '\0')
292 							break;
293 					} else if (c == '(')
294 						level++;
295 					else if (c == ')' && --level == 0)
296 						break;
297 				}
298 				if (c == '\0' || level != 0)
299 					return (WRDE_SYNTAX);
300 			} else if (quote + squote == 0 && c == '{') {
301 				level = 1;
302 				while ((c = *words++) != '\0') {
303 					if (c == '\\') {
304 						if ((c = *words++) == '\0')
305 							break;
306 					} else if (c == '{')
307 						level++;
308 					else if (c == '}' && --level == 0)
309 						break;
310 				}
311 				if (c == '\0' || level != 0)
312 					return (WRDE_SYNTAX);
313 			} else
314 				--words;
315 			break;
316 		default:
317 			break;
318 		}
319 		quote = 0;
320 	}
321 	if (quote + squote + dquote != 0)
322 		return (WRDE_SYNTAX);
323 
324 	return (0);
325 }
326 
327 /*
328  * wordfree --
329  *	Free the result of wordexp(). See wordexp(3).
330  *
331  *	Specified by IEEE Std. 1003.1-2001.
332  */
333 void
334 wordfree(wordexp_t *we)
335 {
336 
337 	if (we == NULL)
338 		return;
339 	free(we->we_wordv);
340 	free(we->we_strings);
341 	we->we_wordv = NULL;
342 	we->we_strings = NULL;
343 	we->we_nbytes = 0;
344 	we->we_wordc = 0;
345 }
346