xref: /freebsd/lib/libc/gen/getcap.c (revision e627b39baccd1ec9129690167cf5e6d860509655)
1 /*-
2  * Copyright (c) 1992, 1993
3  *	The Regents of the University of California.  All rights reserved.
4  *
5  * This code is derived from software contributed to Berkeley by
6  * Casey Leedom of Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory.
7  *
8  * Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
9  * modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions
10  * are met:
11  * 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
12  *    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
13  * 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright
14  *    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the
15  *    documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
16  * 3. All advertising materials mentioning features or use of this software
17  *    must display the following acknowledgement:
18  *	This product includes software developed by the University of
19  *	California, Berkeley and its contributors.
20  * 4. Neither the name of the University nor the names of its contributors
21  *    may be used to endorse or promote products derived from this software
22  *    without specific prior written permission.
23  *
24  * THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE REGENTS AND CONTRIBUTORS ``AS IS'' AND
25  * ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE
26  * IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE
27  * ARE DISCLAIMED.  IN NO EVENT SHALL THE REGENTS OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE
28  * FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL
29  * DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS
30  * OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION)
31  * HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT
32  * LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY
33  * OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF
34  * SUCH DAMAGE.
35  */
36 
37 #if defined(LIBC_SCCS) && !defined(lint)
38 static char sccsid[] = "@(#)getcap.c	8.3 (Berkeley) 3/25/94";
39 #endif /* LIBC_SCCS and not lint */
40 
41 #include <sys/types.h>
42 
43 #include <ctype.h>
44 #include <db.h>
45 #include <errno.h>
46 #include <fcntl.h>
47 #include <limits.h>
48 #include <stdio.h>
49 #include <stdlib.h>
50 #include <string.h>
51 #include <unistd.h>
52 
53 #define	BFRAG		1024
54 #define	BSIZE		1024
55 #define	ESC		('[' & 037)	/* ASCII ESC */
56 #define	MAX_RECURSION	32		/* maximum getent recursion */
57 #define	SFRAG		100		/* cgetstr mallocs in SFRAG chunks */
58 
59 #define RECOK	(char)0
60 #define TCERR	(char)1
61 #define	SHADOW	(char)2
62 
63 static size_t	 topreclen;	/* toprec length */
64 static char	*toprec;	/* Additional record specified by cgetset() */
65 static int	 gottoprec;	/* Flag indicating retrieval of toprecord */
66 
67 static int	cdbget __P((DB *, char **, char *));
68 static int 	getent __P((char **, u_int *, char **, int, char *, int, char *));
69 static int	nfcmp __P((char *, char *));
70 
71 /*
72  * Cgetset() allows the addition of a user specified buffer to be added
73  * to the database array, in effect "pushing" the buffer on top of the
74  * virtual database. 0 is returned on success, -1 on failure.
75  */
76 int
77 cgetset(ent)
78 	char *ent;
79 {
80 	if (ent == NULL) {
81 		if (toprec)
82 			free(toprec);
83                 toprec = NULL;
84                 topreclen = 0;
85                 return (0);
86         }
87         topreclen = strlen(ent);
88         if ((toprec = malloc (topreclen + 1)) == NULL) {
89 		errno = ENOMEM;
90                 return (-1);
91 	}
92 	gottoprec = 0;
93         (void)strcpy(toprec, ent);
94         return (0);
95 }
96 
97 /*
98  * Cgetcap searches the capability record buf for the capability cap with
99  * type `type'.  A pointer to the value of cap is returned on success, NULL
100  * if the requested capability couldn't be found.
101  *
102  * Specifying a type of ':' means that nothing should follow cap (:cap:).
103  * In this case a pointer to the terminating ':' or NUL will be returned if
104  * cap is found.
105  *
106  * If (cap, '@') or (cap, terminator, '@') is found before (cap, terminator)
107  * return NULL.
108  */
109 char *
110 cgetcap(buf, cap, type)
111 	char *buf, *cap;
112 	int type;
113 {
114 	register char *bp, *cp;
115 
116 	bp = buf;
117 	for (;;) {
118 		/*
119 		 * Skip past the current capability field - it's either the
120 		 * name field if this is the first time through the loop, or
121 		 * the remainder of a field whose name failed to match cap.
122 		 */
123 		for (;;)
124 			if (*bp == '\0')
125 				return (NULL);
126 			else
127 				if (*bp++ == ':')
128 					break;
129 
130 		/*
131 		 * Try to match (cap, type) in buf.
132 		 */
133 		for (cp = cap; *cp == *bp && *bp != '\0'; cp++, bp++)
134 			continue;
135 		if (*cp != '\0')
136 			continue;
137 		if (*bp == '@')
138 			return (NULL);
139 		if (type == ':') {
140 			if (*bp != '\0' && *bp != ':')
141 				continue;
142 			return(bp);
143 		}
144 		if (*bp != type)
145 			continue;
146 		bp++;
147 		return (*bp == '@' ? NULL : bp);
148 	}
149 	/* NOTREACHED */
150 }
151 
152 /*
153  * Cgetent extracts the capability record name from the NULL terminated file
154  * array db_array and returns a pointer to a malloc'd copy of it in buf.
155  * Buf must be retained through all subsequent calls to cgetcap, cgetnum,
156  * cgetflag, and cgetstr, but may then be free'd.  0 is returned on success,
157  * -1 if the requested record couldn't be found, -2 if a system error was
158  * encountered (couldn't open/read a file, etc.), and -3 if a potential
159  * reference loop is detected.
160  */
161 int
162 cgetent(buf, db_array, name)
163 	char **buf, **db_array, *name;
164 {
165 	u_int dummy;
166 
167 	return (getent(buf, &dummy, db_array, -1, name, 0, NULL));
168 }
169 
170 /*
171  * Getent implements the functions of cgetent.  If fd is non-negative,
172  * *db_array has already been opened and fd is the open file descriptor.  We
173  * do this to save time and avoid using up file descriptors for tc=
174  * recursions.
175  *
176  * Getent returns the same success/failure codes as cgetent.  On success, a
177  * pointer to a malloc'ed capability record with all tc= capabilities fully
178  * expanded and its length (not including trailing ASCII NUL) are left in
179  * *cap and *len.
180  *
181  * Basic algorithm:
182  *	+ Allocate memory incrementally as needed in chunks of size BFRAG
183  *	  for capability buffer.
184  *	+ Recurse for each tc=name and interpolate result.  Stop when all
185  *	  names interpolated, a name can't be found, or depth exceeds
186  *	  MAX_RECURSION.
187  */
188 static int
189 getent(cap, len, db_array, fd, name, depth, nfield)
190 	char **cap, **db_array, *name, *nfield;
191 	u_int *len;
192 	int fd, depth;
193 {
194 	DB *capdbp;
195 	register char *r_end, *rp, **db_p;
196 	int myfd, eof, foundit, retval, clen;
197 	char *record, *cbuf;
198 	int tc_not_resolved;
199 	char pbuf[_POSIX_PATH_MAX];
200 
201 	/*
202 	 * Return with ``loop detected'' error if we've recursed more than
203 	 * MAX_RECURSION times.
204 	 */
205 	if (depth > MAX_RECURSION)
206 		return (-3);
207 
208 	/*
209 	 * Check if we have a top record from cgetset().
210          */
211 	if (depth == 0 && toprec != NULL && cgetmatch(toprec, name) == 0) {
212 		if ((record = malloc (topreclen + BFRAG)) == NULL) {
213 			errno = ENOMEM;
214 			return (-2);
215 		}
216 		(void)strcpy(record, toprec);
217 		myfd = 0;
218 		db_p = db_array;
219 		rp = record + topreclen + 1;
220 		r_end = rp + BFRAG;
221 		goto tc_exp;
222 	}
223 	/*
224 	 * Allocate first chunk of memory.
225 	 */
226 	if ((record = malloc(BFRAG)) == NULL) {
227 		errno = ENOMEM;
228 		return (-2);
229 	}
230 	r_end = record + BFRAG;
231 	foundit = 0;
232 	/*
233 	 * Loop through database array until finding the record.
234 	 */
235 
236 	for (db_p = db_array; *db_p != NULL; db_p++) {
237 		eof = 0;
238 
239 		/*
240 		 * Open database if not already open.
241 		 */
242 
243 		if (fd >= 0) {
244 			(void)lseek(fd, (off_t)0, L_SET);
245 			myfd = 0;
246 		} else {
247 			(void)snprintf(pbuf, sizeof(pbuf), "%s.db", *db_p);
248 			if ((capdbp = dbopen(pbuf, O_RDONLY, 0, DB_HASH, 0))
249 			     != NULL) {
250 				free(record);
251 				retval = cdbget(capdbp, &record, name);
252 				if (retval < 0) {
253 					/* no record available */
254 					(void)capdbp->close(capdbp);
255 					return (retval);
256 				}
257 				/* save the data; close frees it */
258 				clen = strlen(record);
259 				cbuf = malloc(clen + 1);
260 				memcpy(cbuf, record, clen + 1);
261 				if (capdbp->close(capdbp) < 0) {
262 					free(cbuf);
263 					return (-2);
264 				}
265 				*len = clen;
266 				*cap = cbuf;
267 				return (retval);
268 			} else {
269 				fd = open(*db_p, O_RDONLY, 0);
270 				if (fd < 0) {
271 					/* No error on unfound file. */
272 					if (errno == ENOENT)
273 						continue;
274 					free(record);
275 					return (-2);
276 				}
277 				myfd = 1;
278 			}
279 		}
280 		/*
281 		 * Find the requested capability record ...
282 		 */
283 		{
284 		char buf[BUFSIZ];
285 		register char *b_end, *bp;
286 		register int c;
287 
288 		/*
289 		 * Loop invariants:
290 		 *	There is always room for one more character in record.
291 		 *	R_end always points just past end of record.
292 		 *	Rp always points just past last character in record.
293 		 *	B_end always points just past last character in buf.
294 		 *	Bp always points at next character in buf.
295 		 */
296 		b_end = buf;
297 		bp = buf;
298 		for (;;) {
299 
300 			/*
301 			 * Read in a line implementing (\, newline)
302 			 * line continuation.
303 			 */
304 			rp = record;
305 			for (;;) {
306 				if (bp >= b_end) {
307 					int n;
308 
309 					n = read(fd, buf, sizeof(buf));
310 					if (n <= 0) {
311 						if (myfd)
312 							(void)close(fd);
313 						if (n < 0) {
314 							free(record);
315 							return (-2);
316 						} else {
317 							fd = -1;
318 							eof = 1;
319 							break;
320 						}
321 					}
322 					b_end = buf+n;
323 					bp = buf;
324 				}
325 
326 				c = *bp++;
327 				if (c == '\n') {
328 					if (rp > record && *(rp-1) == '\\') {
329 						rp--;
330 						continue;
331 					} else
332 						break;
333 				}
334 				*rp++ = c;
335 
336 				/*
337 				 * Enforce loop invariant: if no room
338 				 * left in record buffer, try to get
339 				 * some more.
340 				 */
341 				if (rp >= r_end) {
342 					u_int pos;
343 					size_t newsize;
344 
345 					pos = rp - record;
346 					newsize = r_end - record + BFRAG;
347 					record = realloc(record, newsize);
348 					if (record == NULL) {
349 						errno = ENOMEM;
350 						if (myfd)
351 							(void)close(fd);
352 						return (-2);
353 					}
354 					r_end = record + newsize;
355 					rp = record + pos;
356 				}
357 			}
358 				/* loop invariant let's us do this */
359 			*rp++ = '\0';
360 
361 			/*
362 			 * If encountered eof check next file.
363 			 */
364 			if (eof)
365 				break;
366 
367 			/*
368 			 * Toss blank lines and comments.
369 			 */
370 			if (*record == '\0' || *record == '#')
371 				continue;
372 
373 			/*
374 			 * See if this is the record we want ...
375 			 */
376 			if (cgetmatch(record, name) == 0) {
377 				if (nfield == NULL || !nfcmp(nfield, record)) {
378 					foundit = 1;
379 					break;	/* found it! */
380 				}
381 			}
382 		}
383 	}
384 		if (foundit)
385 			break;
386 	}
387 
388 	if (!foundit)
389 		return (-1);
390 
391 	/*
392 	 * Got the capability record, but now we have to expand all tc=name
393 	 * references in it ...
394 	 */
395 tc_exp:	{
396 		register char *newicap, *s;
397 		register int newilen;
398 		u_int ilen;
399 		int diff, iret, tclen;
400 		char *icap, *scan, *tc, *tcstart, *tcend;
401 
402 		/*
403 		 * Loop invariants:
404 		 *	There is room for one more character in record.
405 		 *	R_end points just past end of record.
406 		 *	Rp points just past last character in record.
407 		 *	Scan points at remainder of record that needs to be
408 		 *	scanned for tc=name constructs.
409 		 */
410 		scan = record;
411 		tc_not_resolved = 0;
412 		for (;;) {
413 			if ((tc = cgetcap(scan, "tc", '=')) == NULL)
414 				break;
415 
416 			/*
417 			 * Find end of tc=name and stomp on the trailing `:'
418 			 * (if present) so we can use it to call ourselves.
419 			 */
420 			s = tc;
421 			for (;;)
422 				if (*s == '\0')
423 					break;
424 				else
425 					if (*s++ == ':') {
426 						*(s - 1) = '\0';
427 						break;
428 					}
429 			tcstart = tc - 3;
430 			tclen = s - tcstart;
431 			tcend = s;
432 
433 			iret = getent(&icap, &ilen, db_p, fd, tc, depth+1,
434 				      NULL);
435 			newicap = icap;		/* Put into a register. */
436 			newilen = ilen;
437 			if (iret != 0) {
438 				/* an error */
439 				if (iret < -1) {
440 					if (myfd)
441 						(void)close(fd);
442 					free(record);
443 					return (iret);
444 				}
445 				if (iret == 1)
446 					tc_not_resolved = 1;
447 				/* couldn't resolve tc */
448 				if (iret == -1) {
449 					*(s - 1) = ':';
450 					scan = s - 1;
451 					tc_not_resolved = 1;
452 					continue;
453 
454 				}
455 			}
456 			/* not interested in name field of tc'ed record */
457 			s = newicap;
458 			for (;;)
459 				if (*s == '\0')
460 					break;
461 				else
462 					if (*s++ == ':')
463 						break;
464 			newilen -= s - newicap;
465 			newicap = s;
466 
467 			/* make sure interpolated record is `:'-terminated */
468 			s += newilen;
469 			if (*(s-1) != ':') {
470 				*s = ':';	/* overwrite NUL with : */
471 				newilen++;
472 			}
473 
474 			/*
475 			 * Make sure there's enough room to insert the
476 			 * new record.
477 			 */
478 			diff = newilen - tclen;
479 			if (diff >= r_end - rp) {
480 				u_int pos, tcpos, tcposend;
481 				size_t newsize;
482 
483 				pos = rp - record;
484 				newsize = r_end - record + diff + BFRAG;
485 				tcpos = tcstart - record;
486 				tcposend = tcend - record;
487 				record = realloc(record, newsize);
488 				if (record == NULL) {
489 					errno = ENOMEM;
490 					if (myfd)
491 						(void)close(fd);
492 					free(icap);
493 					return (-2);
494 				}
495 				r_end = record + newsize;
496 				rp = record + pos;
497 				tcstart = record + tcpos;
498 				tcend = record + tcposend;
499 			}
500 
501 			/*
502 			 * Insert tc'ed record into our record.
503 			 */
504 			s = tcstart + newilen;
505 			bcopy(tcend, s, rp - tcend);
506 			bcopy(newicap, tcstart, newilen);
507 			rp += diff;
508 			free(icap);
509 
510 			/*
511 			 * Start scan on `:' so next cgetcap works properly
512 			 * (cgetcap always skips first field).
513 			 */
514 			scan = s-1;
515 		}
516 
517 	}
518 	/*
519 	 * Close file (if we opened it), give back any extra memory, and
520 	 * return capability, length and success.
521 	 */
522 	if (myfd)
523 		(void)close(fd);
524 	*len = rp - record - 1;	/* don't count NUL */
525 	if (r_end > rp)
526 		if ((record =
527 		     realloc(record, (size_t)(rp - record))) == NULL) {
528 			errno = ENOMEM;
529 			return (-2);
530 		}
531 
532 	*cap = record;
533 	if (tc_not_resolved)
534 		return (1);
535 	return (0);
536 }
537 
538 static int
539 cdbget(capdbp, bp, name)
540 	DB *capdbp;
541 	char **bp, *name;
542 {
543 	DBT key, data;
544 
545 	key.data = name;
546 	key.size = strlen(name);
547 
548 	for (;;) {
549 		/* Get the reference. */
550 		switch(capdbp->get(capdbp, &key, &data, 0)) {
551 		case -1:
552 			return (-2);
553 		case 1:
554 			return (-1);
555 		}
556 
557 		/* If not an index to another record, leave. */
558 		if (((char *)data.data)[0] != SHADOW)
559 			break;
560 
561 		key.data = (char *)data.data + 1;
562 		key.size = data.size - 1;
563 	}
564 
565 	*bp = (char *)data.data + 1;
566 	return (((char *)(data.data))[0] == TCERR ? 1 : 0);
567 }
568 
569 /*
570  * Cgetmatch will return 0 if name is one of the names of the capability
571  * record buf, -1 if not.
572  */
573 int
574 cgetmatch(buf, name)
575 	char *buf, *name;
576 {
577 	register char *np, *bp;
578 
579 	/*
580 	 * Start search at beginning of record.
581 	 */
582 	bp = buf;
583 	for (;;) {
584 		/*
585 		 * Try to match a record name.
586 		 */
587 		np = name;
588 		for (;;)
589 			if (*np == '\0')
590 				if (*bp == '|' || *bp == ':' || *bp == '\0')
591 					return (0);
592 				else
593 					break;
594 			else
595 				if (*bp++ != *np++)
596 					break;
597 
598 		/*
599 		 * Match failed, skip to next name in record.
600 		 */
601 		bp--;	/* a '|' or ':' may have stopped the match */
602 		for (;;)
603 			if (*bp == '\0' || *bp == ':')
604 				return (-1);	/* match failed totally */
605 			else
606 				if (*bp++ == '|')
607 					break;	/* found next name */
608 	}
609 }
610 
611 
612 
613 
614 
615 int
616 cgetfirst(buf, db_array)
617 	char **buf, **db_array;
618 {
619 	(void)cgetclose();
620 	return (cgetnext(buf, db_array));
621 }
622 
623 static FILE *pfp;
624 static int slash;
625 static char **dbp;
626 
627 int
628 cgetclose()
629 {
630 	if (pfp != NULL) {
631 		(void)fclose(pfp);
632 		pfp = NULL;
633 	}
634 	dbp = NULL;
635 	gottoprec = 0;
636 	slash = 0;
637 	return(0);
638 }
639 
640 /*
641  * Cgetnext() gets either the first or next entry in the logical database
642  * specified by db_array.  It returns 0 upon completion of the database, 1
643  * upon returning an entry with more remaining, and -1 if an error occurs.
644  */
645 int
646 cgetnext(bp, db_array)
647         register char **bp;
648 	char **db_array;
649 {
650 	size_t len;
651 	int status, i, done;
652 	char *cp, *line, *rp, *np, buf[BSIZE], nbuf[BSIZE];
653 	u_int dummy;
654 
655 	if (dbp == NULL)
656 		dbp = db_array;
657 
658 	if (pfp == NULL && (pfp = fopen(*dbp, "r")) == NULL) {
659 		(void)cgetclose();
660 		return (-1);
661 	}
662 	for(;;) {
663 		if (toprec && !gottoprec) {
664 			gottoprec = 1;
665 			line = toprec;
666 		} else {
667 			line = fgetln(pfp, &len);
668 			if (line == NULL && pfp) {
669 				(void)fclose(pfp);
670 				if (ferror(pfp)) {
671 					(void)cgetclose();
672 					return (-1);
673 				} else {
674 					if (*++dbp == NULL) {
675 						(void)cgetclose();
676 						return (0);
677 					} else if ((pfp =
678 					    fopen(*dbp, "r")) == NULL) {
679 						(void)cgetclose();
680 						return (-1);
681 					} else
682 						continue;
683 				}
684 			} else
685 				line[len - 1] = '\0';
686 			if (len == 1) {
687 				slash = 0;
688 				continue;
689 			}
690 			if (isspace(*line) ||
691 			    *line == ':' || *line == '#' || slash) {
692 				if (line[len - 2] == '\\')
693 					slash = 1;
694 				else
695 					slash = 0;
696 				continue;
697 			}
698 			if (line[len - 2] == '\\')
699 				slash = 1;
700 			else
701 				slash = 0;
702 		}
703 
704 
705 		/*
706 		 * Line points to a name line.
707 		 */
708 		i = 0;
709 		done = 0;
710 		np = nbuf;
711 		for (;;) {
712 			for (cp = line; *cp != '\0'; cp++) {
713 				if (*cp == ':') {
714 					*np++ = ':';
715 					done = 1;
716 					break;
717 				}
718 				if (*cp == '\\')
719 					break;
720 				*np++ = *cp;
721 			}
722 			if (done) {
723 				*np = '\0';
724 				break;
725 			} else { /* name field extends beyond the line */
726 				line = fgetln(pfp, &len);
727 				if (line == NULL && pfp) {
728 					(void)fclose(pfp);
729 					if (ferror(pfp)) {
730 						(void)cgetclose();
731 						return (-1);
732 					}
733 				} else
734 					line[len - 1] = '\0';
735 			}
736 		}
737 		rp = buf;
738 		for(cp = nbuf; *cp != NULL; cp++)
739 			if (*cp == '|' || *cp == ':')
740 				break;
741 			else
742 				*rp++ = *cp;
743 
744 		*rp = '\0';
745 		/*
746 		 * XXX
747 		 * Last argument of getent here should be nbuf if we want true
748 		 * sequential access in the case of duplicates.
749 		 * With NULL, getent will return the first entry found
750 		 * rather than the duplicate entry record.  This is a
751 		 * matter of semantics that should be resolved.
752 		 */
753 		status = getent(bp, &dummy, db_array, -1, buf, 0, NULL);
754 		if (status == -2 || status == -3)
755 			(void)cgetclose();
756 
757 		return (status + 1);
758 	}
759 	/* NOTREACHED */
760 }
761 
762 /*
763  * Cgetstr retrieves the value of the string capability cap from the
764  * capability record pointed to by buf.  A pointer to a decoded, NUL
765  * terminated, malloc'd copy of the string is returned in the char *
766  * pointed to by str.  The length of the string not including the trailing
767  * NUL is returned on success, -1 if the requested string capability
768  * couldn't be found, -2 if a system error was encountered (storage
769  * allocation failure).
770  */
771 int
772 cgetstr(buf, cap, str)
773 	char *buf, *cap;
774 	char **str;
775 {
776 	register u_int m_room;
777 	register char *bp, *mp;
778 	int len;
779 	char *mem;
780 
781 	/*
782 	 * Find string capability cap
783 	 */
784 	bp = cgetcap(buf, cap, '=');
785 	if (bp == NULL)
786 		return (-1);
787 
788 	/*
789 	 * Conversion / storage allocation loop ...  Allocate memory in
790 	 * chunks SFRAG in size.
791 	 */
792 	if ((mem = malloc(SFRAG)) == NULL) {
793 		errno = ENOMEM;
794 		return (-2);	/* couldn't even allocate the first fragment */
795 	}
796 	m_room = SFRAG;
797 	mp = mem;
798 
799 	while (*bp != ':' && *bp != '\0') {
800 		/*
801 		 * Loop invariants:
802 		 *	There is always room for one more character in mem.
803 		 *	Mp always points just past last character in mem.
804 		 *	Bp always points at next character in buf.
805 		 */
806 		if (*bp == '^') {
807 			bp++;
808 			if (*bp == ':' || *bp == '\0')
809 				break;	/* drop unfinished escape */
810 			if (*bp == '?') {
811 				*mp++ = '\177';
812 				bp++;
813 			} else
814 				*mp++ = *bp++ & 037;
815 		} else if (*bp == '\\') {
816 			bp++;
817 			if (*bp == ':' || *bp == '\0')
818 				break;	/* drop unfinished escape */
819 			if ('0' <= *bp && *bp <= '7') {
820 				register int n, i;
821 
822 				n = 0;
823 				i = 3;	/* maximum of three octal digits */
824 				do {
825 					n = n * 8 + (*bp++ - '0');
826 				} while (--i && '0' <= *bp && *bp <= '7');
827 				*mp++ = n;
828 			}
829 			else switch (*bp++) {
830 				case 'b': case 'B':
831 					*mp++ = '\b';
832 					break;
833 				case 't': case 'T':
834 					*mp++ = '\t';
835 					break;
836 				case 'n': case 'N':
837 					*mp++ = '\n';
838 					break;
839 				case 'f': case 'F':
840 					*mp++ = '\f';
841 					break;
842 				case 'r': case 'R':
843 					*mp++ = '\r';
844 					break;
845 				case 'e': case 'E':
846 					*mp++ = ESC;
847 					break;
848 				case 'c': case 'C':
849 					*mp++ = ':';
850 					break;
851 				default:
852 					/*
853 					 * Catches '\', '^', and
854 					 *  everything else.
855 					 */
856 					*mp++ = *(bp-1);
857 					break;
858 			}
859 		} else
860 			*mp++ = *bp++;
861 		m_room--;
862 
863 		/*
864 		 * Enforce loop invariant: if no room left in current
865 		 * buffer, try to get some more.
866 		 */
867 		if (m_room == 0) {
868 			size_t size = mp - mem;
869 
870 			if ((mem = realloc(mem, size + SFRAG)) == NULL)
871 				return (-2);
872 			m_room = SFRAG;
873 			mp = mem + size;
874 		}
875 	}
876 	*mp++ = '\0';	/* loop invariant let's us do this */
877 	m_room--;
878 	len = mp - mem - 1;
879 
880 	/*
881 	 * Give back any extra memory and return value and success.
882 	 */
883 	if (m_room != 0)
884 		if ((mem = realloc(mem, (size_t)(mp - mem))) == NULL)
885 			return (-2);
886 	*str = mem;
887 	return (len);
888 }
889 
890 /*
891  * Cgetustr retrieves the value of the string capability cap from the
892  * capability record pointed to by buf.  The difference between cgetustr()
893  * and cgetstr() is that cgetustr does not decode escapes but rather treats
894  * all characters literally.  A pointer to a  NUL terminated malloc'd
895  * copy of the string is returned in the char pointed to by str.  The
896  * length of the string not including the trailing NUL is returned on success,
897  * -1 if the requested string capability couldn't be found, -2 if a system
898  * error was encountered (storage allocation failure).
899  */
900 int
901 cgetustr(buf, cap, str)
902 	char *buf, *cap, **str;
903 {
904 	register u_int m_room;
905 	register char *bp, *mp;
906 	int len;
907 	char *mem;
908 
909 	/*
910 	 * Find string capability cap
911 	 */
912 	if ((bp = cgetcap(buf, cap, '=')) == NULL)
913 		return (-1);
914 
915 	/*
916 	 * Conversion / storage allocation loop ...  Allocate memory in
917 	 * chunks SFRAG in size.
918 	 */
919 	if ((mem = malloc(SFRAG)) == NULL) {
920 		errno = ENOMEM;
921 		return (-2);	/* couldn't even allocate the first fragment */
922 	}
923 	m_room = SFRAG;
924 	mp = mem;
925 
926 	while (*bp != ':' && *bp != '\0') {
927 		/*
928 		 * Loop invariants:
929 		 *	There is always room for one more character in mem.
930 		 *	Mp always points just past last character in mem.
931 		 *	Bp always points at next character in buf.
932 		 */
933 		*mp++ = *bp++;
934 		m_room--;
935 
936 		/*
937 		 * Enforce loop invariant: if no room left in current
938 		 * buffer, try to get some more.
939 		 */
940 		if (m_room == 0) {
941 			size_t size = mp - mem;
942 
943 			if ((mem = realloc(mem, size + SFRAG)) == NULL)
944 				return (-2);
945 			m_room = SFRAG;
946 			mp = mem + size;
947 		}
948 	}
949 	*mp++ = '\0';	/* loop invariant let's us do this */
950 	m_room--;
951 	len = mp - mem - 1;
952 
953 	/*
954 	 * Give back any extra memory and return value and success.
955 	 */
956 	if (m_room != 0)
957 		if ((mem = realloc(mem, (size_t)(mp - mem))) == NULL)
958 			return (-2);
959 	*str = mem;
960 	return (len);
961 }
962 
963 /*
964  * Cgetnum retrieves the value of the numeric capability cap from the
965  * capability record pointed to by buf.  The numeric value is returned in
966  * the long pointed to by num.  0 is returned on success, -1 if the requested
967  * numeric capability couldn't be found.
968  */
969 int
970 cgetnum(buf, cap, num)
971 	char *buf, *cap;
972 	long *num;
973 {
974 	register long n;
975 	register int base, digit;
976 	register char *bp;
977 
978 	/*
979 	 * Find numeric capability cap
980 	 */
981 	bp = cgetcap(buf, cap, '#');
982 	if (bp == NULL)
983 		return (-1);
984 
985 	/*
986 	 * Look at value and determine numeric base:
987 	 *	0x... or 0X...	hexadecimal,
988 	 * else	0...		octal,
989 	 * else			decimal.
990 	 */
991 	if (*bp == '0') {
992 		bp++;
993 		if (*bp == 'x' || *bp == 'X') {
994 			bp++;
995 			base = 16;
996 		} else
997 			base = 8;
998 	} else
999 		base = 10;
1000 
1001 	/*
1002 	 * Conversion loop ...
1003 	 */
1004 	n = 0;
1005 	for (;;) {
1006 		if ('0' <= *bp && *bp <= '9')
1007 			digit = *bp - '0';
1008 		else if ('a' <= *bp && *bp <= 'f')
1009 			digit = 10 + *bp - 'a';
1010 		else if ('A' <= *bp && *bp <= 'F')
1011 			digit = 10 + *bp - 'A';
1012 		else
1013 			break;
1014 
1015 		if (digit >= base)
1016 			break;
1017 
1018 		n = n * base + digit;
1019 		bp++;
1020 	}
1021 
1022 	/*
1023 	 * Return value and success.
1024 	 */
1025 	*num = n;
1026 	return (0);
1027 }
1028 
1029 
1030 /*
1031  * Compare name field of record.
1032  */
1033 static int
1034 nfcmp(nf, rec)
1035 	char *nf, *rec;
1036 {
1037 	char *cp, tmp;
1038 	int ret;
1039 
1040 	for (cp = rec; *cp != ':'; cp++)
1041 		;
1042 
1043 	tmp = *(cp + 1);
1044 	*(cp + 1) = '\0';
1045 	ret = strcmp(nf, rec);
1046 	*(cp + 1) = tmp;
1047 
1048 	return (ret);
1049 }
1050