xref: /freebsd/lib/libc/gen/getcap.c (revision 1669d8afc64812c8d2d1d147ae1fd42ff441e1b1)
1 /*-
2  * Copyright (c) 1992, 1993
3  *	The Regents of the University of California.  All rights reserved.
4  *
5  * This code is derived from software contributed to Berkeley by
6  * Casey Leedom of Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory.
7  *
8  * Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
9  * modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions
10  * are met:
11  * 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
12  *    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
13  * 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright
14  *    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the
15  *    documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
16  * 4. Neither the name of the University nor the names of its contributors
17  *    may be used to endorse or promote products derived from this software
18  *    without specific prior written permission.
19  *
20  * THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE REGENTS AND CONTRIBUTORS ``AS IS'' AND
21  * ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE
22  * IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE
23  * ARE DISCLAIMED.  IN NO EVENT SHALL THE REGENTS OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE
24  * FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL
25  * DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS
26  * OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION)
27  * HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT
28  * LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY
29  * OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF
30  * SUCH DAMAGE.
31  */
32 
33 #if defined(LIBC_SCCS) && !defined(lint)
34 static char sccsid[] = "@(#)getcap.c	8.3 (Berkeley) 3/25/94";
35 #endif /* LIBC_SCCS and not lint */
36 #include <sys/cdefs.h>
37 __FBSDID("$FreeBSD$");
38 
39 #include "namespace.h"
40 #include <sys/types.h>
41 
42 #include <ctype.h>
43 #include <errno.h>
44 #include <fcntl.h>
45 #include <limits.h>
46 #include <stdio.h>
47 #include <stdlib.h>
48 #include <string.h>
49 #include <unistd.h>
50 #include "un-namespace.h"
51 
52 #include <db.h>
53 
54 #define	BFRAG		1024
55 #define	BSIZE		1024
56 #define	ESC		('[' & 037)	/* ASCII ESC */
57 #define	MAX_RECURSION	32		/* maximum getent recursion */
58 #define	SFRAG		100		/* cgetstr mallocs in SFRAG chunks */
59 
60 #define RECOK	(char)0
61 #define TCERR	(char)1
62 #define	SHADOW	(char)2
63 
64 static size_t	 topreclen;	/* toprec length */
65 static char	*toprec;	/* Additional record specified by cgetset() */
66 static int	 gottoprec;	/* Flag indicating retrieval of toprecord */
67 
68 static int	cdbget(DB *, char **, const char *);
69 static int 	getent(char **, u_int *, char **, int, const char *, int, char *);
70 static int	nfcmp(char *, char *);
71 
72 /*
73  * Cgetset() allows the addition of a user specified buffer to be added
74  * to the database array, in effect "pushing" the buffer on top of the
75  * virtual database. 0 is returned on success, -1 on failure.
76  */
77 int
78 cgetset(const char *ent)
79 {
80 	if (ent == NULL) {
81 		if (toprec)
82 			free(toprec);
83                 toprec = NULL;
84                 topreclen = 0;
85                 return (0);
86         }
87         topreclen = strlen(ent);
88         if ((toprec = malloc (topreclen + 1)) == NULL) {
89 		errno = ENOMEM;
90                 return (-1);
91 	}
92 	gottoprec = 0;
93         (void)strcpy(toprec, ent);
94         return (0);
95 }
96 
97 /*
98  * Cgetcap searches the capability record buf for the capability cap with
99  * type `type'.  A pointer to the value of cap is returned on success, NULL
100  * if the requested capability couldn't be found.
101  *
102  * Specifying a type of ':' means that nothing should follow cap (:cap:).
103  * In this case a pointer to the terminating ':' or NUL will be returned if
104  * cap is found.
105  *
106  * If (cap, '@') or (cap, terminator, '@') is found before (cap, terminator)
107  * return NULL.
108  */
109 char *
110 cgetcap(char *buf, const char *cap, int type)
111 {
112 	char *bp;
113 	const char *cp;
114 
115 	bp = buf;
116 	for (;;) {
117 		/*
118 		 * Skip past the current capability field - it's either the
119 		 * name field if this is the first time through the loop, or
120 		 * the remainder of a field whose name failed to match cap.
121 		 */
122 		for (;;)
123 			if (*bp == '\0')
124 				return (NULL);
125 			else
126 				if (*bp++ == ':')
127 					break;
128 
129 		/*
130 		 * Try to match (cap, type) in buf.
131 		 */
132 		for (cp = cap; *cp == *bp && *bp != '\0'; cp++, bp++)
133 			continue;
134 		if (*cp != '\0')
135 			continue;
136 		if (*bp == '@')
137 			return (NULL);
138 		if (type == ':') {
139 			if (*bp != '\0' && *bp != ':')
140 				continue;
141 			return(bp);
142 		}
143 		if (*bp != type)
144 			continue;
145 		bp++;
146 		return (*bp == '@' ? NULL : bp);
147 	}
148 	/* NOTREACHED */
149 }
150 
151 /*
152  * Cgetent extracts the capability record name from the NULL terminated file
153  * array db_array and returns a pointer to a malloc'd copy of it in buf.
154  * Buf must be retained through all subsequent calls to cgetcap, cgetnum,
155  * cgetflag, and cgetstr, but may then be free'd.  0 is returned on success,
156  * -1 if the requested record couldn't be found, -2 if a system error was
157  * encountered (couldn't open/read a file, etc.), and -3 if a potential
158  * reference loop is detected.
159  */
160 int
161 cgetent(char **buf, char **db_array, const char *name)
162 {
163 	u_int dummy;
164 
165 	return (getent(buf, &dummy, db_array, -1, name, 0, NULL));
166 }
167 
168 /*
169  * Getent implements the functions of cgetent.  If fd is non-negative,
170  * *db_array has already been opened and fd is the open file descriptor.  We
171  * do this to save time and avoid using up file descriptors for tc=
172  * recursions.
173  *
174  * Getent returns the same success/failure codes as cgetent.  On success, a
175  * pointer to a malloc'ed capability record with all tc= capabilities fully
176  * expanded and its length (not including trailing ASCII NUL) are left in
177  * *cap and *len.
178  *
179  * Basic algorithm:
180  *	+ Allocate memory incrementally as needed in chunks of size BFRAG
181  *	  for capability buffer.
182  *	+ Recurse for each tc=name and interpolate result.  Stop when all
183  *	  names interpolated, a name can't be found, or depth exceeds
184  *	  MAX_RECURSION.
185  */
186 static int
187 getent(char **cap, u_int *len, char **db_array, int fd, const char *name,
188     int depth, char *nfield)
189 {
190 	DB *capdbp;
191 	char *r_end, *rp, **db_p;
192 	int myfd, eof, foundit, retval, clen;
193 	char *record, *cbuf;
194 	int tc_not_resolved;
195 	char pbuf[_POSIX_PATH_MAX];
196 
197 	/*
198 	 * Return with ``loop detected'' error if we've recursed more than
199 	 * MAX_RECURSION times.
200 	 */
201 	if (depth > MAX_RECURSION)
202 		return (-3);
203 
204 	/*
205 	 * Check if we have a top record from cgetset().
206          */
207 	if (depth == 0 && toprec != NULL && cgetmatch(toprec, name) == 0) {
208 		if ((record = malloc (topreclen + BFRAG)) == NULL) {
209 			errno = ENOMEM;
210 			return (-2);
211 		}
212 		(void)strcpy(record, toprec);
213 		myfd = 0;
214 		db_p = db_array;
215 		rp = record + topreclen + 1;
216 		r_end = rp + BFRAG;
217 		goto tc_exp;
218 	}
219 	/*
220 	 * Allocate first chunk of memory.
221 	 */
222 	if ((record = malloc(BFRAG)) == NULL) {
223 		errno = ENOMEM;
224 		return (-2);
225 	}
226 	r_end = record + BFRAG;
227 	foundit = 0;
228 	/*
229 	 * Loop through database array until finding the record.
230 	 */
231 
232 	for (db_p = db_array; *db_p != NULL; db_p++) {
233 		eof = 0;
234 
235 		/*
236 		 * Open database if not already open.
237 		 */
238 
239 		if (fd >= 0) {
240 			(void)lseek(fd, (off_t)0, SEEK_SET);
241 			myfd = 0;
242 		} else {
243 			(void)snprintf(pbuf, sizeof(pbuf), "%s.db", *db_p);
244 			if ((capdbp = dbopen(pbuf, O_RDONLY, 0, DB_HASH, 0))
245 			     != NULL) {
246 				free(record);
247 				retval = cdbget(capdbp, &record, name);
248 				if (retval < 0) {
249 					/* no record available */
250 					(void)capdbp->close(capdbp);
251 					return (retval);
252 				}
253 				/* save the data; close frees it */
254 				clen = strlen(record);
255 				cbuf = malloc(clen + 1);
256 				memcpy(cbuf, record, clen + 1);
257 				if (capdbp->close(capdbp) < 0) {
258 					free(cbuf);
259 					return (-2);
260 				}
261 				*len = clen;
262 				*cap = cbuf;
263 				return (retval);
264 			} else {
265 				fd = _open(*db_p, O_RDONLY, 0);
266 				if (fd < 0)
267 					continue;
268 				myfd = 1;
269 			}
270 		}
271 		/*
272 		 * Find the requested capability record ...
273 		 */
274 		{
275 		char buf[BUFSIZ];
276 		char *b_end, *bp;
277 		int c;
278 
279 		/*
280 		 * Loop invariants:
281 		 *	There is always room for one more character in record.
282 		 *	R_end always points just past end of record.
283 		 *	Rp always points just past last character in record.
284 		 *	B_end always points just past last character in buf.
285 		 *	Bp always points at next character in buf.
286 		 */
287 		b_end = buf;
288 		bp = buf;
289 		for (;;) {
290 
291 			/*
292 			 * Read in a line implementing (\, newline)
293 			 * line continuation.
294 			 */
295 			rp = record;
296 			for (;;) {
297 				if (bp >= b_end) {
298 					int n;
299 
300 					n = _read(fd, buf, sizeof(buf));
301 					if (n <= 0) {
302 						if (myfd)
303 							(void)_close(fd);
304 						if (n < 0) {
305 							free(record);
306 							return (-2);
307 						} else {
308 							fd = -1;
309 							eof = 1;
310 							break;
311 						}
312 					}
313 					b_end = buf+n;
314 					bp = buf;
315 				}
316 
317 				c = *bp++;
318 				if (c == '\n') {
319 					if (rp > record && *(rp-1) == '\\') {
320 						rp--;
321 						continue;
322 					} else
323 						break;
324 				}
325 				*rp++ = c;
326 
327 				/*
328 				 * Enforce loop invariant: if no room
329 				 * left in record buffer, try to get
330 				 * some more.
331 				 */
332 				if (rp >= r_end) {
333 					u_int pos;
334 					size_t newsize;
335 
336 					pos = rp - record;
337 					newsize = r_end - record + BFRAG;
338 					record = reallocf(record, newsize);
339 					if (record == NULL) {
340 						errno = ENOMEM;
341 						if (myfd)
342 							(void)_close(fd);
343 						return (-2);
344 					}
345 					r_end = record + newsize;
346 					rp = record + pos;
347 				}
348 			}
349 				/* loop invariant let's us do this */
350 			*rp++ = '\0';
351 
352 			/*
353 			 * If encountered eof check next file.
354 			 */
355 			if (eof)
356 				break;
357 
358 			/*
359 			 * Toss blank lines and comments.
360 			 */
361 			if (*record == '\0' || *record == '#')
362 				continue;
363 
364 			/*
365 			 * See if this is the record we want ...
366 			 */
367 			if (cgetmatch(record, name) == 0) {
368 				if (nfield == NULL || !nfcmp(nfield, record)) {
369 					foundit = 1;
370 					break;	/* found it! */
371 				}
372 			}
373 		}
374 	}
375 		if (foundit)
376 			break;
377 	}
378 
379 	if (!foundit) {
380 		free(record);
381 		return (-1);
382 	}
383 
384 	/*
385 	 * Got the capability record, but now we have to expand all tc=name
386 	 * references in it ...
387 	 */
388 tc_exp:	{
389 		char *newicap, *s;
390 		int newilen;
391 		u_int ilen;
392 		int diff, iret, tclen;
393 		char *icap, *scan, *tc, *tcstart, *tcend;
394 
395 		/*
396 		 * Loop invariants:
397 		 *	There is room for one more character in record.
398 		 *	R_end points just past end of record.
399 		 *	Rp points just past last character in record.
400 		 *	Scan points at remainder of record that needs to be
401 		 *	scanned for tc=name constructs.
402 		 */
403 		scan = record;
404 		tc_not_resolved = 0;
405 		for (;;) {
406 			if ((tc = cgetcap(scan, "tc", '=')) == NULL)
407 				break;
408 
409 			/*
410 			 * Find end of tc=name and stomp on the trailing `:'
411 			 * (if present) so we can use it to call ourselves.
412 			 */
413 			s = tc;
414 			for (;;)
415 				if (*s == '\0')
416 					break;
417 				else
418 					if (*s++ == ':') {
419 						*(s - 1) = '\0';
420 						break;
421 					}
422 			tcstart = tc - 3;
423 			tclen = s - tcstart;
424 			tcend = s;
425 
426 			iret = getent(&icap, &ilen, db_p, fd, tc, depth+1,
427 				      NULL);
428 			newicap = icap;		/* Put into a register. */
429 			newilen = ilen;
430 			if (iret != 0) {
431 				/* an error */
432 				if (iret < -1) {
433 					if (myfd)
434 						(void)_close(fd);
435 					free(record);
436 					return (iret);
437 				}
438 				if (iret == 1)
439 					tc_not_resolved = 1;
440 				/* couldn't resolve tc */
441 				if (iret == -1) {
442 					*(s - 1) = ':';
443 					scan = s - 1;
444 					tc_not_resolved = 1;
445 					continue;
446 
447 				}
448 			}
449 			/* not interested in name field of tc'ed record */
450 			s = newicap;
451 			for (;;)
452 				if (*s == '\0')
453 					break;
454 				else
455 					if (*s++ == ':')
456 						break;
457 			newilen -= s - newicap;
458 			newicap = s;
459 
460 			/* make sure interpolated record is `:'-terminated */
461 			s += newilen;
462 			if (*(s-1) != ':') {
463 				*s = ':';	/* overwrite NUL with : */
464 				newilen++;
465 			}
466 
467 			/*
468 			 * Make sure there's enough room to insert the
469 			 * new record.
470 			 */
471 			diff = newilen - tclen;
472 			if (diff >= r_end - rp) {
473 				u_int pos, tcpos, tcposend;
474 				size_t newsize;
475 
476 				pos = rp - record;
477 				newsize = r_end - record + diff + BFRAG;
478 				tcpos = tcstart - record;
479 				tcposend = tcend - record;
480 				record = reallocf(record, newsize);
481 				if (record == NULL) {
482 					errno = ENOMEM;
483 					if (myfd)
484 						(void)_close(fd);
485 					free(icap);
486 					return (-2);
487 				}
488 				r_end = record + newsize;
489 				rp = record + pos;
490 				tcstart = record + tcpos;
491 				tcend = record + tcposend;
492 			}
493 
494 			/*
495 			 * Insert tc'ed record into our record.
496 			 */
497 			s = tcstart + newilen;
498 			bcopy(tcend, s, rp - tcend);
499 			bcopy(newicap, tcstart, newilen);
500 			rp += diff;
501 			free(icap);
502 
503 			/*
504 			 * Start scan on `:' so next cgetcap works properly
505 			 * (cgetcap always skips first field).
506 			 */
507 			scan = s-1;
508 		}
509 
510 	}
511 	/*
512 	 * Close file (if we opened it), give back any extra memory, and
513 	 * return capability, length and success.
514 	 */
515 	if (myfd)
516 		(void)_close(fd);
517 	*len = rp - record - 1;	/* don't count NUL */
518 	if (r_end > rp)
519 		if ((record =
520 		     reallocf(record, (size_t)(rp - record))) == NULL) {
521 			errno = ENOMEM;
522 			return (-2);
523 		}
524 
525 	*cap = record;
526 	if (tc_not_resolved)
527 		return (1);
528 	return (0);
529 }
530 
531 static int
532 cdbget(DB *capdbp, char **bp, const char *name)
533 {
534 	DBT key, data;
535 	char *namebuf;
536 
537 	namebuf = strdup(name);
538 	if (namebuf == NULL)
539 		return (-2);
540 	key.data = namebuf;
541 	key.size = strlen(namebuf);
542 
543 	for (;;) {
544 		/* Get the reference. */
545 		switch(capdbp->get(capdbp, &key, &data, 0)) {
546 		case -1:
547 			free(namebuf);
548 			return (-2);
549 		case 1:
550 			free(namebuf);
551 			return (-1);
552 		}
553 
554 		/* If not an index to another record, leave. */
555 		if (((char *)data.data)[0] != SHADOW)
556 			break;
557 
558 		key.data = (char *)data.data + 1;
559 		key.size = data.size - 1;
560 	}
561 
562 	*bp = (char *)data.data + 1;
563 	free(namebuf);
564 	return (((char *)(data.data))[0] == TCERR ? 1 : 0);
565 }
566 
567 /*
568  * Cgetmatch will return 0 if name is one of the names of the capability
569  * record buf, -1 if not.
570  */
571 int
572 cgetmatch(const char *buf, const char *name)
573 {
574 	const char *np, *bp;
575 
576 	if (name == NULL || *name == '\0')
577 		return -1;
578 
579 	/*
580 	 * Start search at beginning of record.
581 	 */
582 	bp = buf;
583 	for (;;) {
584 		/*
585 		 * Try to match a record name.
586 		 */
587 		np = name;
588 		for (;;)
589 			if (*np == '\0')
590 				if (*bp == '|' || *bp == ':' || *bp == '\0')
591 					return (0);
592 				else
593 					break;
594 			else
595 				if (*bp++ != *np++)
596 					break;
597 
598 		/*
599 		 * Match failed, skip to next name in record.
600 		 */
601 		bp--;	/* a '|' or ':' may have stopped the match */
602 		for (;;)
603 			if (*bp == '\0' || *bp == ':')
604 				return (-1);	/* match failed totally */
605 			else
606 				if (*bp++ == '|')
607 					break;	/* found next name */
608 	}
609 }
610 
611 
612 
613 
614 
615 int
616 cgetfirst(char **buf, char **db_array)
617 {
618 	(void)cgetclose();
619 	return (cgetnext(buf, db_array));
620 }
621 
622 static FILE *pfp;
623 static int slash;
624 static char **dbp;
625 
626 int
627 cgetclose(void)
628 {
629 	if (pfp != NULL) {
630 		(void)fclose(pfp);
631 		pfp = NULL;
632 	}
633 	dbp = NULL;
634 	gottoprec = 0;
635 	slash = 0;
636 	return(0);
637 }
638 
639 /*
640  * Cgetnext() gets either the first or next entry in the logical database
641  * specified by db_array.  It returns 0 upon completion of the database, 1
642  * upon returning an entry with more remaining, and -1 if an error occurs.
643  */
644 int
645 cgetnext(char **bp, char **db_array)
646 {
647 	size_t len;
648 	int done, hadreaderr, i, savederrno, status;
649 	char *cp, *line, *rp, *np, buf[BSIZE], nbuf[BSIZE];
650 	u_int dummy;
651 
652 	if (dbp == NULL)
653 		dbp = db_array;
654 
655 	if (pfp == NULL && (pfp = fopen(*dbp, "r")) == NULL) {
656 		(void)cgetclose();
657 		return (-1);
658 	}
659 	for(;;) {
660 		if (toprec && !gottoprec) {
661 			gottoprec = 1;
662 			line = toprec;
663 		} else {
664 			line = fgetln(pfp, &len);
665 			if (line == NULL && pfp) {
666 				hadreaderr = ferror(pfp);
667 				if (hadreaderr)
668 					savederrno = errno;
669 				fclose(pfp);
670 				pfp = NULL;
671 				if (hadreaderr) {
672 					cgetclose();
673 					errno = savederrno;
674 					return (-1);
675 				} else {
676 					if (*++dbp == NULL) {
677 						(void)cgetclose();
678 						return (0);
679 					} else if ((pfp =
680 					    fopen(*dbp, "r")) == NULL) {
681 						(void)cgetclose();
682 						return (-1);
683 					} else
684 						continue;
685 				}
686 			} else
687 				line[len - 1] = '\0';
688 			if (len == 1) {
689 				slash = 0;
690 				continue;
691 			}
692 			if (isspace((unsigned char)*line) ||
693 			    *line == ':' || *line == '#' || slash) {
694 				if (line[len - 2] == '\\')
695 					slash = 1;
696 				else
697 					slash = 0;
698 				continue;
699 			}
700 			if (line[len - 2] == '\\')
701 				slash = 1;
702 			else
703 				slash = 0;
704 		}
705 
706 
707 		/*
708 		 * Line points to a name line.
709 		 */
710 		i = 0;
711 		done = 0;
712 		np = nbuf;
713 		for (;;) {
714 			for (cp = line; *cp != '\0'; cp++) {
715 				if (*cp == ':') {
716 					*np++ = ':';
717 					done = 1;
718 					break;
719 				}
720 				if (*cp == '\\')
721 					break;
722 				*np++ = *cp;
723 			}
724 			if (done) {
725 				*np = '\0';
726 				break;
727 			} else { /* name field extends beyond the line */
728 				line = fgetln(pfp, &len);
729 				if (line == NULL && pfp) {
730 					/* Name extends beyond the EOF! */
731 					hadreaderr = ferror(pfp);
732 					if (hadreaderr)
733 						savederrno = errno;
734 					fclose(pfp);
735 					pfp = NULL;
736 					if (hadreaderr) {
737 						cgetclose();
738 						errno = savederrno;
739 						return (-1);
740 					} else {
741 						cgetclose();
742 						return (-1);
743 					}
744 				} else
745 					line[len - 1] = '\0';
746 			}
747 		}
748 		rp = buf;
749 		for(cp = nbuf; *cp != '\0'; cp++)
750 			if (*cp == '|' || *cp == ':')
751 				break;
752 			else
753 				*rp++ = *cp;
754 
755 		*rp = '\0';
756 		/*
757 		 * XXX
758 		 * Last argument of getent here should be nbuf if we want true
759 		 * sequential access in the case of duplicates.
760 		 * With NULL, getent will return the first entry found
761 		 * rather than the duplicate entry record.  This is a
762 		 * matter of semantics that should be resolved.
763 		 */
764 		status = getent(bp, &dummy, db_array, -1, buf, 0, NULL);
765 		if (status == -2 || status == -3)
766 			(void)cgetclose();
767 
768 		return (status + 1);
769 	}
770 	/* NOTREACHED */
771 }
772 
773 /*
774  * Cgetstr retrieves the value of the string capability cap from the
775  * capability record pointed to by buf.  A pointer to a decoded, NUL
776  * terminated, malloc'd copy of the string is returned in the char *
777  * pointed to by str.  The length of the string not including the trailing
778  * NUL is returned on success, -1 if the requested string capability
779  * couldn't be found, -2 if a system error was encountered (storage
780  * allocation failure).
781  */
782 int
783 cgetstr(char *buf, const char *cap, char **str)
784 {
785 	u_int m_room;
786 	char *bp, *mp;
787 	int len;
788 	char *mem;
789 
790 	/*
791 	 * Find string capability cap
792 	 */
793 	bp = cgetcap(buf, cap, '=');
794 	if (bp == NULL)
795 		return (-1);
796 
797 	/*
798 	 * Conversion / storage allocation loop ...  Allocate memory in
799 	 * chunks SFRAG in size.
800 	 */
801 	if ((mem = malloc(SFRAG)) == NULL) {
802 		errno = ENOMEM;
803 		return (-2);	/* couldn't even allocate the first fragment */
804 	}
805 	m_room = SFRAG;
806 	mp = mem;
807 
808 	while (*bp != ':' && *bp != '\0') {
809 		/*
810 		 * Loop invariants:
811 		 *	There is always room for one more character in mem.
812 		 *	Mp always points just past last character in mem.
813 		 *	Bp always points at next character in buf.
814 		 */
815 		if (*bp == '^') {
816 			bp++;
817 			if (*bp == ':' || *bp == '\0')
818 				break;	/* drop unfinished escape */
819 			if (*bp == '?') {
820 				*mp++ = '\177';
821 				bp++;
822 			} else
823 				*mp++ = *bp++ & 037;
824 		} else if (*bp == '\\') {
825 			bp++;
826 			if (*bp == ':' || *bp == '\0')
827 				break;	/* drop unfinished escape */
828 			if ('0' <= *bp && *bp <= '7') {
829 				int n, i;
830 
831 				n = 0;
832 				i = 3;	/* maximum of three octal digits */
833 				do {
834 					n = n * 8 + (*bp++ - '0');
835 				} while (--i && '0' <= *bp && *bp <= '7');
836 				*mp++ = n;
837 			}
838 			else switch (*bp++) {
839 				case 'b': case 'B':
840 					*mp++ = '\b';
841 					break;
842 				case 't': case 'T':
843 					*mp++ = '\t';
844 					break;
845 				case 'n': case 'N':
846 					*mp++ = '\n';
847 					break;
848 				case 'f': case 'F':
849 					*mp++ = '\f';
850 					break;
851 				case 'r': case 'R':
852 					*mp++ = '\r';
853 					break;
854 				case 'e': case 'E':
855 					*mp++ = ESC;
856 					break;
857 				case 'c': case 'C':
858 					*mp++ = ':';
859 					break;
860 				default:
861 					/*
862 					 * Catches '\', '^', and
863 					 *  everything else.
864 					 */
865 					*mp++ = *(bp-1);
866 					break;
867 			}
868 		} else
869 			*mp++ = *bp++;
870 		m_room--;
871 
872 		/*
873 		 * Enforce loop invariant: if no room left in current
874 		 * buffer, try to get some more.
875 		 */
876 		if (m_room == 0) {
877 			size_t size = mp - mem;
878 
879 			if ((mem = reallocf(mem, size + SFRAG)) == NULL)
880 				return (-2);
881 			m_room = SFRAG;
882 			mp = mem + size;
883 		}
884 	}
885 	*mp++ = '\0';	/* loop invariant let's us do this */
886 	m_room--;
887 	len = mp - mem - 1;
888 
889 	/*
890 	 * Give back any extra memory and return value and success.
891 	 */
892 	if (m_room != 0)
893 		if ((mem = reallocf(mem, (size_t)(mp - mem))) == NULL)
894 			return (-2);
895 	*str = mem;
896 	return (len);
897 }
898 
899 /*
900  * Cgetustr retrieves the value of the string capability cap from the
901  * capability record pointed to by buf.  The difference between cgetustr()
902  * and cgetstr() is that cgetustr does not decode escapes but rather treats
903  * all characters literally.  A pointer to a  NUL terminated malloc'd
904  * copy of the string is returned in the char pointed to by str.  The
905  * length of the string not including the trailing NUL is returned on success,
906  * -1 if the requested string capability couldn't be found, -2 if a system
907  * error was encountered (storage allocation failure).
908  */
909 int
910 cgetustr(char *buf, const char *cap, char **str)
911 {
912 	u_int m_room;
913 	char *bp, *mp;
914 	int len;
915 	char *mem;
916 
917 	/*
918 	 * Find string capability cap
919 	 */
920 	if ((bp = cgetcap(buf, cap, '=')) == NULL)
921 		return (-1);
922 
923 	/*
924 	 * Conversion / storage allocation loop ...  Allocate memory in
925 	 * chunks SFRAG in size.
926 	 */
927 	if ((mem = malloc(SFRAG)) == NULL) {
928 		errno = ENOMEM;
929 		return (-2);	/* couldn't even allocate the first fragment */
930 	}
931 	m_room = SFRAG;
932 	mp = mem;
933 
934 	while (*bp != ':' && *bp != '\0') {
935 		/*
936 		 * Loop invariants:
937 		 *	There is always room for one more character in mem.
938 		 *	Mp always points just past last character in mem.
939 		 *	Bp always points at next character in buf.
940 		 */
941 		*mp++ = *bp++;
942 		m_room--;
943 
944 		/*
945 		 * Enforce loop invariant: if no room left in current
946 		 * buffer, try to get some more.
947 		 */
948 		if (m_room == 0) {
949 			size_t size = mp - mem;
950 
951 			if ((mem = reallocf(mem, size + SFRAG)) == NULL)
952 				return (-2);
953 			m_room = SFRAG;
954 			mp = mem + size;
955 		}
956 	}
957 	*mp++ = '\0';	/* loop invariant let's us do this */
958 	m_room--;
959 	len = mp - mem - 1;
960 
961 	/*
962 	 * Give back any extra memory and return value and success.
963 	 */
964 	if (m_room != 0)
965 		if ((mem = reallocf(mem, (size_t)(mp - mem))) == NULL)
966 			return (-2);
967 	*str = mem;
968 	return (len);
969 }
970 
971 /*
972  * Cgetnum retrieves the value of the numeric capability cap from the
973  * capability record pointed to by buf.  The numeric value is returned in
974  * the long pointed to by num.  0 is returned on success, -1 if the requested
975  * numeric capability couldn't be found.
976  */
977 int
978 cgetnum(char *buf, const char *cap, long *num)
979 {
980 	long n;
981 	int base, digit;
982 	char *bp;
983 
984 	/*
985 	 * Find numeric capability cap
986 	 */
987 	bp = cgetcap(buf, cap, '#');
988 	if (bp == NULL)
989 		return (-1);
990 
991 	/*
992 	 * Look at value and determine numeric base:
993 	 *	0x... or 0X...	hexadecimal,
994 	 * else	0...		octal,
995 	 * else			decimal.
996 	 */
997 	if (*bp == '0') {
998 		bp++;
999 		if (*bp == 'x' || *bp == 'X') {
1000 			bp++;
1001 			base = 16;
1002 		} else
1003 			base = 8;
1004 	} else
1005 		base = 10;
1006 
1007 	/*
1008 	 * Conversion loop ...
1009 	 */
1010 	n = 0;
1011 	for (;;) {
1012 		if ('0' <= *bp && *bp <= '9')
1013 			digit = *bp - '0';
1014 		else if ('a' <= *bp && *bp <= 'f')
1015 			digit = 10 + *bp - 'a';
1016 		else if ('A' <= *bp && *bp <= 'F')
1017 			digit = 10 + *bp - 'A';
1018 		else
1019 			break;
1020 
1021 		if (digit >= base)
1022 			break;
1023 
1024 		n = n * base + digit;
1025 		bp++;
1026 	}
1027 
1028 	/*
1029 	 * Return value and success.
1030 	 */
1031 	*num = n;
1032 	return (0);
1033 }
1034 
1035 
1036 /*
1037  * Compare name field of record.
1038  */
1039 static int
1040 nfcmp(char *nf, char *rec)
1041 {
1042 	char *cp, tmp;
1043 	int ret;
1044 
1045 	for (cp = rec; *cp != ':'; cp++)
1046 		;
1047 
1048 	tmp = *(cp + 1);
1049 	*(cp + 1) = '\0';
1050 	ret = strcmp(nf, rec);
1051 	*(cp + 1) = tmp;
1052 
1053 	return (ret);
1054 }
1055