xref: /freebsd/lib/libc/gen/fts.c (revision 2357939bc239bd5334a169b62313806178dd8f30)
1 /*-
2  * Copyright (c) 1990, 1993, 1994
3  *	The Regents of the University of California.  All rights reserved.
4  *
5  * Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
6  * modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions
7  * are met:
8  * 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
9  *    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
10  * 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright
11  *    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the
12  *    documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
13  * 3. All advertising materials mentioning features or use of this software
14  *    must display the following acknowledgement:
15  *	This product includes software developed by the University of
16  *	California, Berkeley and its contributors.
17  * 4. Neither the name of the University nor the names of its contributors
18  *    may be used to endorse or promote products derived from this software
19  *    without specific prior written permission.
20  *
21  * THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE REGENTS AND CONTRIBUTORS ``AS IS'' AND
22  * ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE
23  * IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE
24  * ARE DISCLAIMED.  IN NO EVENT SHALL THE REGENTS OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE
25  * FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL
26  * DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS
27  * OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION)
28  * HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT
29  * LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY
30  * OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF
31  * SUCH DAMAGE.
32  *
33  * $OpenBSD: fts.c,v 1.22 1999/10/03 19:22:22 millert Exp $
34  */
35 
36 #if 0
37 #if defined(LIBC_SCCS) && !defined(lint)
38 static char sccsid[] = "@(#)fts.c	8.6 (Berkeley) 8/14/94";
39 #endif /* LIBC_SCCS and not lint */
40 #endif
41 
42 #include <sys/cdefs.h>
43 __FBSDID("$FreeBSD$");
44 
45 #include "namespace.h"
46 #include <sys/param.h>
47 #include <sys/mount.h>
48 #include <sys/stat.h>
49 
50 #include <dirent.h>
51 #include <errno.h>
52 #include <fcntl.h>
53 #include <fts.h>
54 #include <stdlib.h>
55 #include <string.h>
56 #include <unistd.h>
57 #include "un-namespace.h"
58 
59 static FTSENT	*fts_alloc(FTS *, char *, int);
60 static FTSENT	*fts_build(FTS *, int);
61 static void	 fts_lfree(FTSENT *);
62 static void	 fts_load(FTS *, FTSENT *);
63 static size_t	 fts_maxarglen(char * const *);
64 static void	 fts_padjust(FTS *, FTSENT *);
65 static int	 fts_palloc(FTS *, size_t);
66 static FTSENT	*fts_sort(FTS *, FTSENT *, int);
67 static u_short	 fts_stat(FTS *, FTSENT *, int);
68 static int	 fts_safe_changedir(FTS *, FTSENT *, int, char *);
69 static int	 fts_ufslinks(FTS *, const FTSENT *);
70 
71 #define	ISDOT(a)	(a[0] == '.' && (!a[1] || (a[1] == '.' && !a[2])))
72 
73 #define	CLR(opt)	(sp->fts_options &= ~(opt))
74 #define	ISSET(opt)	(sp->fts_options & (opt))
75 #define	SET(opt)	(sp->fts_options |= (opt))
76 
77 #define	FCHDIR(sp, fd)	(!ISSET(FTS_NOCHDIR) && fchdir(fd))
78 
79 /* fts_build flags */
80 #define	BCHILD		1		/* fts_children */
81 #define	BNAMES		2		/* fts_children, names only */
82 #define	BREAD		3		/* fts_read */
83 
84 /*
85  * Internal representation of an FTS, including extra implementation
86  * details.  The FTS returned from fts_open points to this structure's
87  * ftsp_fts member (and can be cast to an _fts_private as required)
88  */
89 struct _fts_private {
90 	FTS		ftsp_fts;
91 	struct statfs	ftsp_statfs;
92 	dev_t		ftsp_dev;
93 	int		ftsp_linksreliable;
94 };
95 
96 /*
97  * The "FTS_NOSTAT" option can avoid a lot of calls to stat(2) if it
98  * knows that a directory could not possibly have subdirectories.  This
99  * is decided by looking at the link count: a subdirectory would
100  * increment its parent's link count by virtue of its own ".." entry.
101  * This assumption only holds for UFS-like filesystems that implement
102  * links and directories this way, so we must punt for others.
103  */
104 
105 static const char *ufslike_filesystems[] = {
106 	"ufs",
107 	"nfs",
108 	"nfs4",
109 	"ext2fs",
110 	0
111 };
112 
113 FTS *
114 fts_open(argv, options, compar)
115 	char * const *argv;
116 	int options;
117 	int (*compar)(const FTSENT * const *, const FTSENT * const *);
118 {
119 	struct _fts_private *priv;
120 	FTS *sp;
121 	FTSENT *p, *root;
122 	int nitems;
123 	FTSENT *parent, *tmp;
124 	int len;
125 
126 	/* Options check. */
127 	if (options & ~FTS_OPTIONMASK) {
128 		errno = EINVAL;
129 		return (NULL);
130 	}
131 
132 	/* Allocate/initialize the stream. */
133 	if ((priv = malloc(sizeof(*priv))) == NULL)
134 		return (NULL);
135 	memset(priv, 0, sizeof(*priv));
136 	sp = &priv->ftsp_fts;
137 	sp->fts_compar = compar;
138 	sp->fts_options = options;
139 
140 	/* Shush, GCC. */
141 	tmp = NULL;
142 
143 	/* Logical walks turn on NOCHDIR; symbolic links are too hard. */
144 	if (ISSET(FTS_LOGICAL))
145 		SET(FTS_NOCHDIR);
146 
147 	/*
148 	 * Start out with 1K of path space, and enough, in any case,
149 	 * to hold the user's paths.
150 	 */
151 	if (fts_palloc(sp, MAX(fts_maxarglen(argv), MAXPATHLEN)))
152 		goto mem1;
153 
154 	/* Allocate/initialize root's parent. */
155 	if ((parent = fts_alloc(sp, "", 0)) == NULL)
156 		goto mem2;
157 	parent->fts_level = FTS_ROOTPARENTLEVEL;
158 
159 	/* Allocate/initialize root(s). */
160 	for (root = NULL, nitems = 0; *argv != NULL; ++argv, ++nitems) {
161 		/* Don't allow zero-length paths. */
162 		if ((len = strlen(*argv)) == 0) {
163 			errno = ENOENT;
164 			goto mem3;
165 		}
166 
167 		p = fts_alloc(sp, *argv, len);
168 		p->fts_level = FTS_ROOTLEVEL;
169 		p->fts_parent = parent;
170 		p->fts_accpath = p->fts_name;
171 		p->fts_info = fts_stat(sp, p, ISSET(FTS_COMFOLLOW));
172 
173 		/* Command-line "." and ".." are real directories. */
174 		if (p->fts_info == FTS_DOT)
175 			p->fts_info = FTS_D;
176 
177 		/*
178 		 * If comparison routine supplied, traverse in sorted
179 		 * order; otherwise traverse in the order specified.
180 		 */
181 		if (compar) {
182 			p->fts_link = root;
183 			root = p;
184 		} else {
185 			p->fts_link = NULL;
186 			if (root == NULL)
187 				tmp = root = p;
188 			else {
189 				tmp->fts_link = p;
190 				tmp = p;
191 			}
192 		}
193 	}
194 	if (compar && nitems > 1)
195 		root = fts_sort(sp, root, nitems);
196 
197 	/*
198 	 * Allocate a dummy pointer and make fts_read think that we've just
199 	 * finished the node before the root(s); set p->fts_info to FTS_INIT
200 	 * so that everything about the "current" node is ignored.
201 	 */
202 	if ((sp->fts_cur = fts_alloc(sp, "", 0)) == NULL)
203 		goto mem3;
204 	sp->fts_cur->fts_link = root;
205 	sp->fts_cur->fts_info = FTS_INIT;
206 
207 	/*
208 	 * If using chdir(2), grab a file descriptor pointing to dot to ensure
209 	 * that we can get back here; this could be avoided for some paths,
210 	 * but almost certainly not worth the effort.  Slashes, symbolic links,
211 	 * and ".." are all fairly nasty problems.  Note, if we can't get the
212 	 * descriptor we run anyway, just more slowly.
213 	 */
214 	if (!ISSET(FTS_NOCHDIR) && (sp->fts_rfd = _open(".", O_RDONLY, 0)) < 0)
215 		SET(FTS_NOCHDIR);
216 
217 	return (sp);
218 
219 mem3:	fts_lfree(root);
220 	free(parent);
221 mem2:	free(sp->fts_path);
222 mem1:	free(sp);
223 	return (NULL);
224 }
225 
226 static void
227 fts_load(sp, p)
228 	FTS *sp;
229 	FTSENT *p;
230 {
231 	int len;
232 	char *cp;
233 
234 	/*
235 	 * Load the stream structure for the next traversal.  Since we don't
236 	 * actually enter the directory until after the preorder visit, set
237 	 * the fts_accpath field specially so the chdir gets done to the right
238 	 * place and the user can access the first node.  From fts_open it's
239 	 * known that the path will fit.
240 	 */
241 	len = p->fts_pathlen = p->fts_namelen;
242 	memmove(sp->fts_path, p->fts_name, len + 1);
243 	if ((cp = strrchr(p->fts_name, '/')) && (cp != p->fts_name || cp[1])) {
244 		len = strlen(++cp);
245 		memmove(p->fts_name, cp, len + 1);
246 		p->fts_namelen = len;
247 	}
248 	p->fts_accpath = p->fts_path = sp->fts_path;
249 	sp->fts_dev = p->fts_dev;
250 }
251 
252 int
253 fts_close(sp)
254 	FTS *sp;
255 {
256 	FTSENT *freep, *p;
257 	int saved_errno;
258 
259 	/*
260 	 * This still works if we haven't read anything -- the dummy structure
261 	 * points to the root list, so we step through to the end of the root
262 	 * list which has a valid parent pointer.
263 	 */
264 	if (sp->fts_cur) {
265 		for (p = sp->fts_cur; p->fts_level >= FTS_ROOTLEVEL;) {
266 			freep = p;
267 			p = p->fts_link != NULL ? p->fts_link : p->fts_parent;
268 			free(freep);
269 		}
270 		free(p);
271 	}
272 
273 	/* Free up child linked list, sort array, path buffer. */
274 	if (sp->fts_child)
275 		fts_lfree(sp->fts_child);
276 	if (sp->fts_array)
277 		free(sp->fts_array);
278 	free(sp->fts_path);
279 
280 	/* Return to original directory, save errno if necessary. */
281 	if (!ISSET(FTS_NOCHDIR)) {
282 		saved_errno = fchdir(sp->fts_rfd) ? errno : 0;
283 		(void)_close(sp->fts_rfd);
284 
285 		/* Set errno and return. */
286 		if (saved_errno != 0) {
287 			/* Free up the stream pointer. */
288 			free(sp);
289 			errno = saved_errno;
290 			return (-1);
291 		}
292 	}
293 
294 	/* Free up the stream pointer. */
295 	free(sp);
296 	return (0);
297 }
298 
299 /*
300  * Special case of "/" at the end of the path so that slashes aren't
301  * appended which would cause paths to be written as "....//foo".
302  */
303 #define	NAPPEND(p)							\
304 	(p->fts_path[p->fts_pathlen - 1] == '/'				\
305 	    ? p->fts_pathlen - 1 : p->fts_pathlen)
306 
307 FTSENT *
308 fts_read(sp)
309 	FTS *sp;
310 {
311 	FTSENT *p, *tmp;
312 	int instr;
313 	char *t;
314 	int saved_errno;
315 
316 	/* If finished or unrecoverable error, return NULL. */
317 	if (sp->fts_cur == NULL || ISSET(FTS_STOP))
318 		return (NULL);
319 
320 	/* Set current node pointer. */
321 	p = sp->fts_cur;
322 
323 	/* Save and zero out user instructions. */
324 	instr = p->fts_instr;
325 	p->fts_instr = FTS_NOINSTR;
326 
327 	/* Any type of file may be re-visited; re-stat and re-turn. */
328 	if (instr == FTS_AGAIN) {
329 		p->fts_info = fts_stat(sp, p, 0);
330 		return (p);
331 	}
332 
333 	/*
334 	 * Following a symlink -- SLNONE test allows application to see
335 	 * SLNONE and recover.  If indirecting through a symlink, have
336 	 * keep a pointer to current location.  If unable to get that
337 	 * pointer, follow fails.
338 	 */
339 	if (instr == FTS_FOLLOW &&
340 	    (p->fts_info == FTS_SL || p->fts_info == FTS_SLNONE)) {
341 		p->fts_info = fts_stat(sp, p, 1);
342 		if (p->fts_info == FTS_D && !ISSET(FTS_NOCHDIR)) {
343 			if ((p->fts_symfd = _open(".", O_RDONLY, 0)) < 0) {
344 				p->fts_errno = errno;
345 				p->fts_info = FTS_ERR;
346 			} else
347 				p->fts_flags |= FTS_SYMFOLLOW;
348 		}
349 		return (p);
350 	}
351 
352 	/* Directory in pre-order. */
353 	if (p->fts_info == FTS_D) {
354 		/* If skipped or crossed mount point, do post-order visit. */
355 		if (instr == FTS_SKIP ||
356 		    (ISSET(FTS_XDEV) && p->fts_dev != sp->fts_dev)) {
357 			if (p->fts_flags & FTS_SYMFOLLOW)
358 				(void)_close(p->fts_symfd);
359 			if (sp->fts_child) {
360 				fts_lfree(sp->fts_child);
361 				sp->fts_child = NULL;
362 			}
363 			p->fts_info = FTS_DP;
364 			return (p);
365 		}
366 
367 		/* Rebuild if only read the names and now traversing. */
368 		if (sp->fts_child != NULL && ISSET(FTS_NAMEONLY)) {
369 			CLR(FTS_NAMEONLY);
370 			fts_lfree(sp->fts_child);
371 			sp->fts_child = NULL;
372 		}
373 
374 		/*
375 		 * Cd to the subdirectory.
376 		 *
377 		 * If have already read and now fail to chdir, whack the list
378 		 * to make the names come out right, and set the parent errno
379 		 * so the application will eventually get an error condition.
380 		 * Set the FTS_DONTCHDIR flag so that when we logically change
381 		 * directories back to the parent we don't do a chdir.
382 		 *
383 		 * If haven't read do so.  If the read fails, fts_build sets
384 		 * FTS_STOP or the fts_info field of the node.
385 		 */
386 		if (sp->fts_child != NULL) {
387 			if (fts_safe_changedir(sp, p, -1, p->fts_accpath)) {
388 				p->fts_errno = errno;
389 				p->fts_flags |= FTS_DONTCHDIR;
390 				for (p = sp->fts_child; p != NULL;
391 				    p = p->fts_link)
392 					p->fts_accpath =
393 					    p->fts_parent->fts_accpath;
394 			}
395 		} else if ((sp->fts_child = fts_build(sp, BREAD)) == NULL) {
396 			if (ISSET(FTS_STOP))
397 				return (NULL);
398 			return (p);
399 		}
400 		p = sp->fts_child;
401 		sp->fts_child = NULL;
402 		goto name;
403 	}
404 
405 	/* Move to the next node on this level. */
406 next:	tmp = p;
407 	if ((p = p->fts_link) != NULL) {
408 		free(tmp);
409 
410 		/*
411 		 * If reached the top, return to the original directory (or
412 		 * the root of the tree), and load the paths for the next root.
413 		 */
414 		if (p->fts_level == FTS_ROOTLEVEL) {
415 			if (FCHDIR(sp, sp->fts_rfd)) {
416 				SET(FTS_STOP);
417 				return (NULL);
418 			}
419 			fts_load(sp, p);
420 			return (sp->fts_cur = p);
421 		}
422 
423 		/*
424 		 * User may have called fts_set on the node.  If skipped,
425 		 * ignore.  If followed, get a file descriptor so we can
426 		 * get back if necessary.
427 		 */
428 		if (p->fts_instr == FTS_SKIP)
429 			goto next;
430 		if (p->fts_instr == FTS_FOLLOW) {
431 			p->fts_info = fts_stat(sp, p, 1);
432 			if (p->fts_info == FTS_D && !ISSET(FTS_NOCHDIR)) {
433 				if ((p->fts_symfd =
434 				    _open(".", O_RDONLY, 0)) < 0) {
435 					p->fts_errno = errno;
436 					p->fts_info = FTS_ERR;
437 				} else
438 					p->fts_flags |= FTS_SYMFOLLOW;
439 			}
440 			p->fts_instr = FTS_NOINSTR;
441 		}
442 
443 name:		t = sp->fts_path + NAPPEND(p->fts_parent);
444 		*t++ = '/';
445 		memmove(t, p->fts_name, p->fts_namelen + 1);
446 		return (sp->fts_cur = p);
447 	}
448 
449 	/* Move up to the parent node. */
450 	p = tmp->fts_parent;
451 	free(tmp);
452 
453 	if (p->fts_level == FTS_ROOTPARENTLEVEL) {
454 		/*
455 		 * Done; free everything up and set errno to 0 so the user
456 		 * can distinguish between error and EOF.
457 		 */
458 		free(p);
459 		errno = 0;
460 		return (sp->fts_cur = NULL);
461 	}
462 
463 	/* NUL terminate the pathname. */
464 	sp->fts_path[p->fts_pathlen] = '\0';
465 
466 	/*
467 	 * Return to the parent directory.  If at a root node or came through
468 	 * a symlink, go back through the file descriptor.  Otherwise, cd up
469 	 * one directory.
470 	 */
471 	if (p->fts_level == FTS_ROOTLEVEL) {
472 		if (FCHDIR(sp, sp->fts_rfd)) {
473 			SET(FTS_STOP);
474 			return (NULL);
475 		}
476 	} else if (p->fts_flags & FTS_SYMFOLLOW) {
477 		if (FCHDIR(sp, p->fts_symfd)) {
478 			saved_errno = errno;
479 			(void)_close(p->fts_symfd);
480 			errno = saved_errno;
481 			SET(FTS_STOP);
482 			return (NULL);
483 		}
484 		(void)_close(p->fts_symfd);
485 	} else if (!(p->fts_flags & FTS_DONTCHDIR) &&
486 	    fts_safe_changedir(sp, p->fts_parent, -1, "..")) {
487 		SET(FTS_STOP);
488 		return (NULL);
489 	}
490 	p->fts_info = p->fts_errno ? FTS_ERR : FTS_DP;
491 	return (sp->fts_cur = p);
492 }
493 
494 /*
495  * Fts_set takes the stream as an argument although it's not used in this
496  * implementation; it would be necessary if anyone wanted to add global
497  * semantics to fts using fts_set.  An error return is allowed for similar
498  * reasons.
499  */
500 /* ARGSUSED */
501 int
502 fts_set(sp, p, instr)
503 	FTS *sp;
504 	FTSENT *p;
505 	int instr;
506 {
507 	if (instr != 0 && instr != FTS_AGAIN && instr != FTS_FOLLOW &&
508 	    instr != FTS_NOINSTR && instr != FTS_SKIP) {
509 		errno = EINVAL;
510 		return (1);
511 	}
512 	p->fts_instr = instr;
513 	return (0);
514 }
515 
516 FTSENT *
517 fts_children(sp, instr)
518 	FTS *sp;
519 	int instr;
520 {
521 	FTSENT *p;
522 	int fd;
523 
524 	if (instr != 0 && instr != FTS_NAMEONLY) {
525 		errno = EINVAL;
526 		return (NULL);
527 	}
528 
529 	/* Set current node pointer. */
530 	p = sp->fts_cur;
531 
532 	/*
533 	 * Errno set to 0 so user can distinguish empty directory from
534 	 * an error.
535 	 */
536 	errno = 0;
537 
538 	/* Fatal errors stop here. */
539 	if (ISSET(FTS_STOP))
540 		return (NULL);
541 
542 	/* Return logical hierarchy of user's arguments. */
543 	if (p->fts_info == FTS_INIT)
544 		return (p->fts_link);
545 
546 	/*
547 	 * If not a directory being visited in pre-order, stop here.  Could
548 	 * allow FTS_DNR, assuming the user has fixed the problem, but the
549 	 * same effect is available with FTS_AGAIN.
550 	 */
551 	if (p->fts_info != FTS_D /* && p->fts_info != FTS_DNR */)
552 		return (NULL);
553 
554 	/* Free up any previous child list. */
555 	if (sp->fts_child != NULL)
556 		fts_lfree(sp->fts_child);
557 
558 	if (instr == FTS_NAMEONLY) {
559 		SET(FTS_NAMEONLY);
560 		instr = BNAMES;
561 	} else
562 		instr = BCHILD;
563 
564 	/*
565 	 * If using chdir on a relative path and called BEFORE fts_read does
566 	 * its chdir to the root of a traversal, we can lose -- we need to
567 	 * chdir into the subdirectory, and we don't know where the current
568 	 * directory is, so we can't get back so that the upcoming chdir by
569 	 * fts_read will work.
570 	 */
571 	if (p->fts_level != FTS_ROOTLEVEL || p->fts_accpath[0] == '/' ||
572 	    ISSET(FTS_NOCHDIR))
573 		return (sp->fts_child = fts_build(sp, instr));
574 
575 	if ((fd = _open(".", O_RDONLY, 0)) < 0)
576 		return (NULL);
577 	sp->fts_child = fts_build(sp, instr);
578 	if (fchdir(fd))
579 		return (NULL);
580 	(void)_close(fd);
581 	return (sp->fts_child);
582 }
583 
584 #ifndef fts_get_clientptr
585 #error "fts_get_clientptr not defined"
586 #endif
587 
588 void *
589 (fts_get_clientptr)(FTS *sp)
590 {
591 
592 	return (fts_get_clientptr(sp));
593 }
594 
595 #ifndef fts_get_stream
596 #error "fts_get_stream not defined"
597 #endif
598 
599 FTS *
600 (fts_get_stream)(FTSENT *p)
601 {
602 	return (fts_get_stream(p));
603 }
604 
605 void
606 fts_set_clientptr(FTS *sp, void *clientptr)
607 {
608 
609 	sp->fts_clientptr = clientptr;
610 }
611 
612 /*
613  * This is the tricky part -- do not casually change *anything* in here.  The
614  * idea is to build the linked list of entries that are used by fts_children
615  * and fts_read.  There are lots of special cases.
616  *
617  * The real slowdown in walking the tree is the stat calls.  If FTS_NOSTAT is
618  * set and it's a physical walk (so that symbolic links can't be directories),
619  * we can do things quickly.  First, if it's a 4.4BSD file system, the type
620  * of the file is in the directory entry.  Otherwise, we assume that the number
621  * of subdirectories in a node is equal to the number of links to the parent.
622  * The former skips all stat calls.  The latter skips stat calls in any leaf
623  * directories and for any files after the subdirectories in the directory have
624  * been found, cutting the stat calls by about 2/3.
625  */
626 static FTSENT *
627 fts_build(sp, type)
628 	FTS *sp;
629 	int type;
630 {
631 	struct dirent *dp;
632 	FTSENT *p, *head;
633 	int nitems;
634 	FTSENT *cur, *tail;
635 	DIR *dirp;
636 	void *oldaddr;
637 	size_t dnamlen;
638 	int cderrno, descend, len, level, maxlen, nlinks, oflag, saved_errno,
639 	    nostat, doadjust;
640 	char *cp;
641 
642 	/* Set current node pointer. */
643 	cur = sp->fts_cur;
644 
645 	/*
646 	 * Open the directory for reading.  If this fails, we're done.
647 	 * If being called from fts_read, set the fts_info field.
648 	 */
649 #ifdef FTS_WHITEOUT
650 	if (ISSET(FTS_WHITEOUT))
651 		oflag = DTF_NODUP | DTF_REWIND;
652 	else
653 		oflag = DTF_HIDEW | DTF_NODUP | DTF_REWIND;
654 #else
655 #define __opendir2(path, flag) opendir(path)
656 #endif
657 	if ((dirp = __opendir2(cur->fts_accpath, oflag)) == NULL) {
658 		if (type == BREAD) {
659 			cur->fts_info = FTS_DNR;
660 			cur->fts_errno = errno;
661 		}
662 		return (NULL);
663 	}
664 
665 	/*
666 	 * Nlinks is the number of possible entries of type directory in the
667 	 * directory if we're cheating on stat calls, 0 if we're not doing
668 	 * any stat calls at all, -1 if we're doing stats on everything.
669 	 */
670 	if (type == BNAMES) {
671 		nlinks = 0;
672 		/* Be quiet about nostat, GCC. */
673 		nostat = 0;
674 	} else if (ISSET(FTS_NOSTAT) && ISSET(FTS_PHYSICAL)) {
675 		if (fts_ufslinks(sp, cur))
676 			nlinks = cur->fts_nlink - (ISSET(FTS_SEEDOT) ? 0 : 2);
677 		else
678 			nlinks = -1;
679 		nostat = 1;
680 	} else {
681 		nlinks = -1;
682 		nostat = 0;
683 	}
684 
685 #ifdef notdef
686 	(void)printf("nlinks == %d (cur: %d)\n", nlinks, cur->fts_nlink);
687 	(void)printf("NOSTAT %d PHYSICAL %d SEEDOT %d\n",
688 	    ISSET(FTS_NOSTAT), ISSET(FTS_PHYSICAL), ISSET(FTS_SEEDOT));
689 #endif
690 	/*
691 	 * If we're going to need to stat anything or we want to descend
692 	 * and stay in the directory, chdir.  If this fails we keep going,
693 	 * but set a flag so we don't chdir after the post-order visit.
694 	 * We won't be able to stat anything, but we can still return the
695 	 * names themselves.  Note, that since fts_read won't be able to
696 	 * chdir into the directory, it will have to return different path
697 	 * names than before, i.e. "a/b" instead of "b".  Since the node
698 	 * has already been visited in pre-order, have to wait until the
699 	 * post-order visit to return the error.  There is a special case
700 	 * here, if there was nothing to stat then it's not an error to
701 	 * not be able to stat.  This is all fairly nasty.  If a program
702 	 * needed sorted entries or stat information, they had better be
703 	 * checking FTS_NS on the returned nodes.
704 	 */
705 	cderrno = 0;
706 	if (nlinks || type == BREAD) {
707 		if (fts_safe_changedir(sp, cur, dirfd(dirp), NULL)) {
708 			if (nlinks && type == BREAD)
709 				cur->fts_errno = errno;
710 			cur->fts_flags |= FTS_DONTCHDIR;
711 			descend = 0;
712 			cderrno = errno;
713 			(void)closedir(dirp);
714 			dirp = NULL;
715 		} else
716 			descend = 1;
717 	} else
718 		descend = 0;
719 
720 	/*
721 	 * Figure out the max file name length that can be stored in the
722 	 * current path -- the inner loop allocates more path as necessary.
723 	 * We really wouldn't have to do the maxlen calculations here, we
724 	 * could do them in fts_read before returning the path, but it's a
725 	 * lot easier here since the length is part of the dirent structure.
726 	 *
727 	 * If not changing directories set a pointer so that can just append
728 	 * each new name into the path.
729 	 */
730 	len = NAPPEND(cur);
731 	if (ISSET(FTS_NOCHDIR)) {
732 		cp = sp->fts_path + len;
733 		*cp++ = '/';
734 	} else {
735 		/* GCC, you're too verbose. */
736 		cp = NULL;
737 	}
738 	len++;
739 	maxlen = sp->fts_pathlen - len;
740 
741 	level = cur->fts_level + 1;
742 
743 	/* Read the directory, attaching each entry to the `link' pointer. */
744 	doadjust = 0;
745 	for (head = tail = NULL, nitems = 0; dirp && (dp = readdir(dirp));) {
746 		dnamlen = dp->d_namlen;
747 		if (!ISSET(FTS_SEEDOT) && ISDOT(dp->d_name))
748 			continue;
749 
750 		if ((p = fts_alloc(sp, dp->d_name, (int)dnamlen)) == NULL)
751 			goto mem1;
752 		if (dnamlen >= maxlen) {	/* include space for NUL */
753 			oldaddr = sp->fts_path;
754 			if (fts_palloc(sp, dnamlen + len + 1)) {
755 				/*
756 				 * No more memory for path or structures.  Save
757 				 * errno, free up the current structure and the
758 				 * structures already allocated.
759 				 */
760 mem1:				saved_errno = errno;
761 				if (p)
762 					free(p);
763 				fts_lfree(head);
764 				(void)closedir(dirp);
765 				cur->fts_info = FTS_ERR;
766 				SET(FTS_STOP);
767 				errno = saved_errno;
768 				return (NULL);
769 			}
770 			/* Did realloc() change the pointer? */
771 			if (oldaddr != sp->fts_path) {
772 				doadjust = 1;
773 				if (ISSET(FTS_NOCHDIR))
774 					cp = sp->fts_path + len;
775 			}
776 			maxlen = sp->fts_pathlen - len;
777 		}
778 
779 		if (len + dnamlen >= USHRT_MAX) {
780 			/*
781 			 * In an FTSENT, fts_pathlen is a u_short so it is
782 			 * possible to wraparound here.  If we do, free up
783 			 * the current structure and the structures already
784 			 * allocated, then error out with ENAMETOOLONG.
785 			 */
786 			free(p);
787 			fts_lfree(head);
788 			(void)closedir(dirp);
789 			cur->fts_info = FTS_ERR;
790 			SET(FTS_STOP);
791 			errno = ENAMETOOLONG;
792 			return (NULL);
793 		}
794 		p->fts_level = level;
795 		p->fts_parent = sp->fts_cur;
796 		p->fts_pathlen = len + dnamlen;
797 
798 #ifdef FTS_WHITEOUT
799 		if (dp->d_type == DT_WHT)
800 			p->fts_flags |= FTS_ISW;
801 #endif
802 
803 		if (cderrno) {
804 			if (nlinks) {
805 				p->fts_info = FTS_NS;
806 				p->fts_errno = cderrno;
807 			} else
808 				p->fts_info = FTS_NSOK;
809 			p->fts_accpath = cur->fts_accpath;
810 		} else if (nlinks == 0
811 #ifdef DT_DIR
812 		    || (nostat &&
813 		    dp->d_type != DT_DIR && dp->d_type != DT_UNKNOWN)
814 #endif
815 		    ) {
816 			p->fts_accpath =
817 			    ISSET(FTS_NOCHDIR) ? p->fts_path : p->fts_name;
818 			p->fts_info = FTS_NSOK;
819 		} else {
820 			/* Build a file name for fts_stat to stat. */
821 			if (ISSET(FTS_NOCHDIR)) {
822 				p->fts_accpath = p->fts_path;
823 				memmove(cp, p->fts_name, p->fts_namelen + 1);
824 			} else
825 				p->fts_accpath = p->fts_name;
826 			/* Stat it. */
827 			p->fts_info = fts_stat(sp, p, 0);
828 
829 			/* Decrement link count if applicable. */
830 			if (nlinks > 0 && (p->fts_info == FTS_D ||
831 			    p->fts_info == FTS_DC || p->fts_info == FTS_DOT))
832 				--nlinks;
833 		}
834 
835 		/* We walk in directory order so "ls -f" doesn't get upset. */
836 		p->fts_link = NULL;
837 		if (head == NULL)
838 			head = tail = p;
839 		else {
840 			tail->fts_link = p;
841 			tail = p;
842 		}
843 		++nitems;
844 	}
845 	if (dirp)
846 		(void)closedir(dirp);
847 
848 	/*
849 	 * If realloc() changed the address of the path, adjust the
850 	 * addresses for the rest of the tree and the dir list.
851 	 */
852 	if (doadjust)
853 		fts_padjust(sp, head);
854 
855 	/*
856 	 * If not changing directories, reset the path back to original
857 	 * state.
858 	 */
859 	if (ISSET(FTS_NOCHDIR)) {
860 		if (len == sp->fts_pathlen || nitems == 0)
861 			--cp;
862 		*cp = '\0';
863 	}
864 
865 	/*
866 	 * If descended after called from fts_children or after called from
867 	 * fts_read and nothing found, get back.  At the root level we use
868 	 * the saved fd; if one of fts_open()'s arguments is a relative path
869 	 * to an empty directory, we wind up here with no other way back.  If
870 	 * can't get back, we're done.
871 	 */
872 	if (descend && (type == BCHILD || !nitems) &&
873 	    (cur->fts_level == FTS_ROOTLEVEL ?
874 	    FCHDIR(sp, sp->fts_rfd) :
875 	    fts_safe_changedir(sp, cur->fts_parent, -1, ".."))) {
876 		cur->fts_info = FTS_ERR;
877 		SET(FTS_STOP);
878 		return (NULL);
879 	}
880 
881 	/* If didn't find anything, return NULL. */
882 	if (!nitems) {
883 		if (type == BREAD)
884 			cur->fts_info = FTS_DP;
885 		return (NULL);
886 	}
887 
888 	/* Sort the entries. */
889 	if (sp->fts_compar && nitems > 1)
890 		head = fts_sort(sp, head, nitems);
891 	return (head);
892 }
893 
894 static u_short
895 fts_stat(sp, p, follow)
896 	FTS *sp;
897 	FTSENT *p;
898 	int follow;
899 {
900 	FTSENT *t;
901 	dev_t dev;
902 	ino_t ino;
903 	struct stat *sbp, sb;
904 	int saved_errno;
905 
906 	/* If user needs stat info, stat buffer already allocated. */
907 	sbp = ISSET(FTS_NOSTAT) ? &sb : p->fts_statp;
908 
909 #ifdef FTS_WHITEOUT
910 	/* Check for whiteout. */
911 	if (p->fts_flags & FTS_ISW) {
912 		if (sbp != &sb) {
913 			memset(sbp, '\0', sizeof(*sbp));
914 			sbp->st_mode = S_IFWHT;
915 		}
916 		return (FTS_W);
917 	}
918 #endif
919 
920 	/*
921 	 * If doing a logical walk, or application requested FTS_FOLLOW, do
922 	 * a stat(2).  If that fails, check for a non-existent symlink.  If
923 	 * fail, set the errno from the stat call.
924 	 */
925 	if (ISSET(FTS_LOGICAL) || follow) {
926 		if (stat(p->fts_accpath, sbp)) {
927 			saved_errno = errno;
928 			if (!lstat(p->fts_accpath, sbp)) {
929 				errno = 0;
930 				return (FTS_SLNONE);
931 			}
932 			p->fts_errno = saved_errno;
933 			goto err;
934 		}
935 	} else if (lstat(p->fts_accpath, sbp)) {
936 		p->fts_errno = errno;
937 err:		memset(sbp, 0, sizeof(struct stat));
938 		return (FTS_NS);
939 	}
940 
941 	if (S_ISDIR(sbp->st_mode)) {
942 		/*
943 		 * Set the device/inode.  Used to find cycles and check for
944 		 * crossing mount points.  Also remember the link count, used
945 		 * in fts_build to limit the number of stat calls.  It is
946 		 * understood that these fields are only referenced if fts_info
947 		 * is set to FTS_D.
948 		 */
949 		dev = p->fts_dev = sbp->st_dev;
950 		ino = p->fts_ino = sbp->st_ino;
951 		p->fts_nlink = sbp->st_nlink;
952 
953 		if (ISDOT(p->fts_name))
954 			return (FTS_DOT);
955 
956 		/*
957 		 * Cycle detection is done by brute force when the directory
958 		 * is first encountered.  If the tree gets deep enough or the
959 		 * number of symbolic links to directories is high enough,
960 		 * something faster might be worthwhile.
961 		 */
962 		for (t = p->fts_parent;
963 		    t->fts_level >= FTS_ROOTLEVEL; t = t->fts_parent)
964 			if (ino == t->fts_ino && dev == t->fts_dev) {
965 				p->fts_cycle = t;
966 				return (FTS_DC);
967 			}
968 		return (FTS_D);
969 	}
970 	if (S_ISLNK(sbp->st_mode))
971 		return (FTS_SL);
972 	if (S_ISREG(sbp->st_mode))
973 		return (FTS_F);
974 	return (FTS_DEFAULT);
975 }
976 
977 /*
978  * The comparison function takes pointers to pointers to FTSENT structures.
979  * Qsort wants a comparison function that takes pointers to void.
980  * (Both with appropriate levels of const-poisoning, of course!)
981  * Use a trampoline function to deal with the difference.
982  */
983 static int
984 fts_compar(const void *a, const void *b)
985 {
986 	FTS *parent;
987 
988 	parent = (*(const FTSENT * const *)a)->fts_fts;
989 	return (*parent->fts_compar)(a, b);
990 }
991 
992 static FTSENT *
993 fts_sort(sp, head, nitems)
994 	FTS *sp;
995 	FTSENT *head;
996 	int nitems;
997 {
998 	FTSENT **ap, *p;
999 
1000 	/*
1001 	 * Construct an array of pointers to the structures and call qsort(3).
1002 	 * Reassemble the array in the order returned by qsort.  If unable to
1003 	 * sort for memory reasons, return the directory entries in their
1004 	 * current order.  Allocate enough space for the current needs plus
1005 	 * 40 so don't realloc one entry at a time.
1006 	 */
1007 	if (nitems > sp->fts_nitems) {
1008 		sp->fts_nitems = nitems + 40;
1009 		if ((sp->fts_array = reallocf(sp->fts_array,
1010 		    sp->fts_nitems * sizeof(FTSENT *))) == NULL) {
1011 			sp->fts_nitems = 0;
1012 			return (head);
1013 		}
1014 	}
1015 	for (ap = sp->fts_array, p = head; p; p = p->fts_link)
1016 		*ap++ = p;
1017 	qsort(sp->fts_array, nitems, sizeof(FTSENT *), fts_compar);
1018 	for (head = *(ap = sp->fts_array); --nitems; ++ap)
1019 		ap[0]->fts_link = ap[1];
1020 	ap[0]->fts_link = NULL;
1021 	return (head);
1022 }
1023 
1024 static FTSENT *
1025 fts_alloc(sp, name, namelen)
1026 	FTS *sp;
1027 	char *name;
1028 	int namelen;
1029 {
1030 	FTSENT *p;
1031 	size_t len;
1032 
1033 	struct ftsent_withstat {
1034 		FTSENT	ent;
1035 		struct	stat statbuf;
1036 	};
1037 
1038 	/*
1039 	 * The file name is a variable length array and no stat structure is
1040 	 * necessary if the user has set the nostat bit.  Allocate the FTSENT
1041 	 * structure, the file name and the stat structure in one chunk, but
1042 	 * be careful that the stat structure is reasonably aligned.
1043 	 */
1044 	if (ISSET(FTS_NOSTAT))
1045 		len = sizeof(FTSENT) + namelen + 1;
1046 	else
1047 		len = sizeof(struct ftsent_withstat) + namelen + 1;
1048 
1049 	if ((p = malloc(len)) == NULL)
1050 		return (NULL);
1051 
1052 	if (ISSET(FTS_NOSTAT)) {
1053 		p->fts_name = (char *)(p + 1);
1054 		p->fts_statp = NULL;
1055 	} else {
1056 		p->fts_name = (char *)((struct ftsent_withstat *)p + 1);
1057 		p->fts_statp = &((struct ftsent_withstat *)p)->statbuf;
1058 	}
1059 
1060 	/* Copy the name and guarantee NUL termination. */
1061 	memcpy(p->fts_name, name, namelen);
1062 	p->fts_name[namelen] = '\0';
1063 	p->fts_namelen = namelen;
1064 	p->fts_path = sp->fts_path;
1065 	p->fts_errno = 0;
1066 	p->fts_flags = 0;
1067 	p->fts_instr = FTS_NOINSTR;
1068 	p->fts_number = 0;
1069 	p->fts_pointer = NULL;
1070 	p->fts_fts = sp;
1071 	return (p);
1072 }
1073 
1074 static void
1075 fts_lfree(head)
1076 	FTSENT *head;
1077 {
1078 	FTSENT *p;
1079 
1080 	/* Free a linked list of structures. */
1081 	while ((p = head)) {
1082 		head = head->fts_link;
1083 		free(p);
1084 	}
1085 }
1086 
1087 /*
1088  * Allow essentially unlimited paths; find, rm, ls should all work on any tree.
1089  * Most systems will allow creation of paths much longer than MAXPATHLEN, even
1090  * though the kernel won't resolve them.  Add the size (not just what's needed)
1091  * plus 256 bytes so don't realloc the path 2 bytes at a time.
1092  */
1093 static int
1094 fts_palloc(sp, more)
1095 	FTS *sp;
1096 	size_t more;
1097 {
1098 
1099 	sp->fts_pathlen += more + 256;
1100 	/*
1101 	 * Check for possible wraparound.  In an FTS, fts_pathlen is
1102 	 * a signed int but in an FTSENT it is an unsigned short.
1103 	 * We limit fts_pathlen to USHRT_MAX to be safe in both cases.
1104 	 */
1105 	if (sp->fts_pathlen < 0 || sp->fts_pathlen >= USHRT_MAX) {
1106 		if (sp->fts_path)
1107 			free(sp->fts_path);
1108 		sp->fts_path = NULL;
1109 		errno = ENAMETOOLONG;
1110 		return (1);
1111 	}
1112 	sp->fts_path = reallocf(sp->fts_path, sp->fts_pathlen);
1113 	return (sp->fts_path == NULL);
1114 }
1115 
1116 /*
1117  * When the path is realloc'd, have to fix all of the pointers in structures
1118  * already returned.
1119  */
1120 static void
1121 fts_padjust(sp, head)
1122 	FTS *sp;
1123 	FTSENT *head;
1124 {
1125 	FTSENT *p;
1126 	char *addr = sp->fts_path;
1127 
1128 #define	ADJUST(p) do {							\
1129 	if ((p)->fts_accpath != (p)->fts_name) {			\
1130 		(p)->fts_accpath =					\
1131 		    (char *)addr + ((p)->fts_accpath - (p)->fts_path);	\
1132 	}								\
1133 	(p)->fts_path = addr;						\
1134 } while (0)
1135 	/* Adjust the current set of children. */
1136 	for (p = sp->fts_child; p; p = p->fts_link)
1137 		ADJUST(p);
1138 
1139 	/* Adjust the rest of the tree, including the current level. */
1140 	for (p = head; p->fts_level >= FTS_ROOTLEVEL;) {
1141 		ADJUST(p);
1142 		p = p->fts_link ? p->fts_link : p->fts_parent;
1143 	}
1144 }
1145 
1146 static size_t
1147 fts_maxarglen(argv)
1148 	char * const *argv;
1149 {
1150 	size_t len, max;
1151 
1152 	for (max = 0; *argv; ++argv)
1153 		if ((len = strlen(*argv)) > max)
1154 			max = len;
1155 	return (max + 1);
1156 }
1157 
1158 /*
1159  * Change to dir specified by fd or p->fts_accpath without getting
1160  * tricked by someone changing the world out from underneath us.
1161  * Assumes p->fts_dev and p->fts_ino are filled in.
1162  */
1163 static int
1164 fts_safe_changedir(sp, p, fd, path)
1165 	FTS *sp;
1166 	FTSENT *p;
1167 	int fd;
1168 	char *path;
1169 {
1170 	int ret, oerrno, newfd;
1171 	struct stat sb;
1172 
1173 	newfd = fd;
1174 	if (ISSET(FTS_NOCHDIR))
1175 		return (0);
1176 	if (fd < 0 && (newfd = _open(path, O_RDONLY, 0)) < 0)
1177 		return (-1);
1178 	if (_fstat(newfd, &sb)) {
1179 		ret = -1;
1180 		goto bail;
1181 	}
1182 	if (p->fts_dev != sb.st_dev || p->fts_ino != sb.st_ino) {
1183 		errno = ENOENT;		/* disinformation */
1184 		ret = -1;
1185 		goto bail;
1186 	}
1187 	ret = fchdir(newfd);
1188 bail:
1189 	oerrno = errno;
1190 	if (fd < 0)
1191 		(void)_close(newfd);
1192 	errno = oerrno;
1193 	return (ret);
1194 }
1195 
1196 /*
1197  * Check if the filesystem for "ent" has UFS-style links.
1198  */
1199 static int
1200 fts_ufslinks(FTS *sp, const FTSENT *ent)
1201 {
1202 	struct _fts_private *priv;
1203 	const char **cpp;
1204 
1205 	priv = (struct _fts_private *)sp;
1206 	/*
1207 	 * If this node's device is different from the previous, grab
1208 	 * the filesystem information, and decide on the reliability
1209 	 * of the link information from this filesystem for stat(2)
1210 	 * avoidance.
1211 	 */
1212 	if (priv->ftsp_dev != ent->fts_dev) {
1213 		if (statfs(ent->fts_path, &priv->ftsp_statfs) != -1) {
1214 			priv->ftsp_dev = ent->fts_dev;
1215 			priv->ftsp_linksreliable = 0;
1216 			for (cpp = ufslike_filesystems; *cpp; cpp++) {
1217 				if (strcmp(priv->ftsp_statfs.f_fstypename,
1218 				    *cpp) == 0) {
1219 					priv->ftsp_linksreliable = 1;
1220 					break;
1221 				}
1222 			}
1223 		} else {
1224 			priv->ftsp_linksreliable = 0;
1225 		}
1226 	}
1227 	return (priv->ftsp_linksreliable);
1228 }
1229