xref: /freebsd/lib/libc/db/hash/hash.h (revision 2be1a816b9ff69588e55be0a84cbe2a31efc0f2f)
1 /*-
2  * Copyright (c) 1990, 1993, 1994
3  *	The Regents of the University of California.  All rights reserved.
4  *
5  * This code is derived from software contributed to Berkeley by
6  * Margo Seltzer.
7  *
8  * Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
9  * modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions
10  * are met:
11  * 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
12  *    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
13  * 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright
14  *    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the
15  *    documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
16  * 4. Neither the name of the University nor the names of its contributors
17  *    may be used to endorse or promote products derived from this software
18  *    without specific prior written permission.
19  *
20  * THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE REGENTS AND CONTRIBUTORS ``AS IS'' AND
21  * ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE
22  * IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE
23  * ARE DISCLAIMED.  IN NO EVENT SHALL THE REGENTS OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE
24  * FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL
25  * DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS
26  * OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION)
27  * HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT
28  * LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY
29  * OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF
30  * SUCH DAMAGE.
31  *
32  *	@(#)hash.h	8.3 (Berkeley) 5/31/94
33  * $FreeBSD$
34  */
35 
36 /* Operations */
37 typedef enum {
38 	HASH_GET, HASH_PUT, HASH_PUTNEW, HASH_DELETE, HASH_FIRST, HASH_NEXT
39 } ACTION;
40 
41 /* Buffer Management structures */
42 typedef struct _bufhead BUFHEAD;
43 
44 struct _bufhead {
45 	BUFHEAD		*prev;		/* LRU links */
46 	BUFHEAD		*next;		/* LRU links */
47 	BUFHEAD		*ovfl;		/* Overflow page buffer header */
48 	u_int32_t	 addr;		/* Address of this page */
49 	char		*page;		/* Actual page data */
50 	char	 	flags;
51 #define	BUF_MOD		0x0001
52 #define BUF_DISK	0x0002
53 #define	BUF_BUCKET	0x0004
54 #define	BUF_PIN		0x0008
55 };
56 
57 #define IS_BUCKET(X)	((X) & BUF_BUCKET)
58 
59 typedef BUFHEAD **SEGMENT;
60 
61 /* Hash Table Information */
62 typedef struct hashhdr {		/* Disk resident portion */
63 	int		magic;		/* Magic NO for hash tables */
64 	int		version;	/* Version ID */
65 	u_int32_t	lorder;		/* Byte Order */
66 	int		bsize;		/* Bucket/Page Size */
67 	int		bshift;		/* Bucket shift */
68 	int		dsize;		/* Directory Size */
69 	int		ssize;		/* Segment Size */
70 	int		sshift;		/* Segment shift */
71 	int		ovfl_point;	/* Where overflow pages are being
72 					 * allocated */
73 	int		last_freed;	/* Last overflow page freed */
74 	int		max_bucket;	/* ID of Maximum bucket in use */
75 	int		high_mask;	/* Mask to modulo into entire table */
76 	int		low_mask;	/* Mask to modulo into lower half of
77 					 * table */
78 	int		ffactor;	/* Fill factor */
79 	int		nkeys;		/* Number of keys in hash table */
80 	int		hdrpages;	/* Size of table header */
81 	int		h_charkey;	/* value of hash(CHARKEY) */
82 #define NCACHED	32			/* number of bit maps and spare
83 					 * points */
84 	int		spares[NCACHED];/* spare pages for overflow */
85 	u_int16_t	bitmaps[NCACHED];	/* address of overflow page
86 						 * bitmaps */
87 } HASHHDR;
88 
89 typedef struct htab	 {		/* Memory resident data structure */
90 	HASHHDR 	hdr;		/* Header */
91 	int		nsegs;		/* Number of allocated segments */
92 	int		exsegs;		/* Number of extra allocated
93 					 * segments */
94 	u_int32_t			/* Hash function */
95 	    (*hash)(const void *, size_t);
96 	int		flags;		/* Flag values */
97 	int		fp;		/* File pointer */
98 	char		*tmp_buf;	/* Temporary Buffer for BIG data */
99 	char		*tmp_key;	/* Temporary Buffer for BIG keys */
100 	BUFHEAD 	*cpage;		/* Current page */
101 	int		cbucket;	/* Current bucket */
102 	int		cndx;		/* Index of next item on cpage */
103 	int		error;		/* Error Number -- for DBM
104 					 * compatibility */
105 	int		new_file;	/* Indicates if fd is backing store
106 					 * or no */
107 	int		save_file;	/* Indicates whether we need to flush
108 					 * file at
109 					 * exit */
110 	u_int32_t	*mapp[NCACHED];	/* Pointers to page maps */
111 	int		nmaps;		/* Initial number of bitmaps */
112 	int		nbufs;		/* Number of buffers left to
113 					 * allocate */
114 	BUFHEAD 	bufhead;	/* Header of buffer lru list */
115 	SEGMENT 	*dir;		/* Hash Bucket directory */
116 } HTAB;
117 
118 /*
119  * Constants
120  */
121 #define	MAX_BSIZE		65536		/* 2^16 */
122 #define MIN_BUFFERS		6
123 #define MINHDRSIZE		512
124 #define DEF_BUFSIZE		65536		/* 64 K */
125 #define DEF_BUCKET_SIZE		4096
126 #define DEF_BUCKET_SHIFT	12		/* log2(BUCKET) */
127 #define DEF_SEGSIZE		256
128 #define DEF_SEGSIZE_SHIFT	8		/* log2(SEGSIZE)	 */
129 #define DEF_DIRSIZE		256
130 #define DEF_FFACTOR		65536
131 #define MIN_FFACTOR		4
132 #define SPLTMAX			8
133 #define CHARKEY			"%$sniglet^&"
134 #define NUMKEY			1038583
135 #define BYTE_SHIFT		3
136 #define INT_TO_BYTE		2
137 #define INT_BYTE_SHIFT		5
138 #define ALL_SET			((u_int32_t)0xFFFFFFFF)
139 #define ALL_CLEAR		0
140 
141 #define PTROF(X)	((BUFHEAD *)((ptrdiff_t)(X)&~0x3))
142 #define ISMOD(X)	((u_int32_t)(ptrdiff_t)(X)&0x1)
143 #define DOMOD(X)	((X) = (char *)((ptrdiff_t)(X)|0x1))
144 #define ISDISK(X)	((u_int32_t)(ptrdiff_t)(X)&0x2)
145 #define DODISK(X)	((X) = (char *)((ptrdiff_t)(X)|0x2))
146 
147 #define BITS_PER_MAP	32
148 
149 /* Given the address of the beginning of a big map, clear/set the nth bit */
150 #define CLRBIT(A, N)	((A)[(N)/BITS_PER_MAP] &= ~(1<<((N)%BITS_PER_MAP)))
151 #define SETBIT(A, N)	((A)[(N)/BITS_PER_MAP] |= (1<<((N)%BITS_PER_MAP)))
152 #define ISSET(A, N)	((A)[(N)/BITS_PER_MAP] & (1<<((N)%BITS_PER_MAP)))
153 
154 /* Overflow management */
155 /*
156  * Overflow page numbers are allocated per split point.  At each doubling of
157  * the table, we can allocate extra pages.  So, an overflow page number has
158  * the top 5 bits indicate which split point and the lower 11 bits indicate
159  * which page at that split point is indicated (pages within split points are
160  * numberered starting with 1).
161  */
162 
163 #define SPLITSHIFT	11
164 #define SPLITMASK	0x7FF
165 #define SPLITNUM(N)	(((u_int32_t)(N)) >> SPLITSHIFT)
166 #define OPAGENUM(N)	((N) & SPLITMASK)
167 #define	OADDR_OF(S,O)	((u_int32_t)((u_int32_t)(S) << SPLITSHIFT) + (O))
168 
169 #define BUCKET_TO_PAGE(B) \
170 	(B) + hashp->HDRPAGES + ((B) ? hashp->SPARES[__log2((B)+1)-1] : 0)
171 #define OADDR_TO_PAGE(B) 	\
172 	BUCKET_TO_PAGE ( (1 << SPLITNUM((B))) -1 ) + OPAGENUM((B));
173 
174 /*
175  * page.h contains a detailed description of the page format.
176  *
177  * Normally, keys and data are accessed from offset tables in the top of
178  * each page which point to the beginning of the key and data.  There are
179  * four flag values which may be stored in these offset tables which indicate
180  * the following:
181  *
182  *
183  * OVFLPAGE	Rather than a key data pair, this pair contains
184  *		the address of an overflow page.  The format of
185  *		the pair is:
186  *		    OVERFLOW_PAGE_NUMBER OVFLPAGE
187  *
188  * PARTIAL_KEY	This must be the first key/data pair on a page
189  *		and implies that page contains only a partial key.
190  *		That is, the key is too big to fit on a single page
191  *		so it starts on this page and continues on the next.
192  *		The format of the page is:
193  *		    KEY_OFF PARTIAL_KEY OVFL_PAGENO OVFLPAGE
194  *
195  *		    KEY_OFF -- offset of the beginning of the key
196  *		    PARTIAL_KEY -- 1
197  *		    OVFL_PAGENO - page number of the next overflow page
198  *		    OVFLPAGE -- 0
199  *
200  * FULL_KEY	This must be the first key/data pair on the page.  It
201  *		is used in two cases.
202  *
203  *		Case 1:
204  *		    There is a complete key on the page but no data
205  *		    (because it wouldn't fit).  The next page contains
206  *		    the data.
207  *
208  *		    Page format it:
209  *		    KEY_OFF FULL_KEY OVFL_PAGENO OVFL_PAGE
210  *
211  *		    KEY_OFF -- offset of the beginning of the key
212  *		    FULL_KEY -- 2
213  *		    OVFL_PAGENO - page number of the next overflow page
214  *		    OVFLPAGE -- 0
215  *
216  *		Case 2:
217  *		    This page contains no key, but part of a large
218  *		    data field, which is continued on the next page.
219  *
220  *		    Page format it:
221  *		    DATA_OFF FULL_KEY OVFL_PAGENO OVFL_PAGE
222  *
223  *		    KEY_OFF -- offset of the beginning of the data on
224  *				this page
225  *		    FULL_KEY -- 2
226  *		    OVFL_PAGENO - page number of the next overflow page
227  *		    OVFLPAGE -- 0
228  *
229  * FULL_KEY_DATA
230  *		This must be the first key/data pair on the page.
231  *		There are two cases:
232  *
233  *		Case 1:
234  *		    This page contains a key and the beginning of the
235  *		    data field, but the data field is continued on the
236  *		    next page.
237  *
238  *		    Page format is:
239  *		    KEY_OFF FULL_KEY_DATA OVFL_PAGENO DATA_OFF
240  *
241  *		    KEY_OFF -- offset of the beginning of the key
242  *		    FULL_KEY_DATA -- 3
243  *		    OVFL_PAGENO - page number of the next overflow page
244  *		    DATA_OFF -- offset of the beginning of the data
245  *
246  *		Case 2:
247  *		    This page contains the last page of a big data pair.
248  *		    There is no key, only the  tail end of the data
249  *		    on this page.
250  *
251  *		    Page format is:
252  *		    DATA_OFF FULL_KEY_DATA <OVFL_PAGENO> <OVFLPAGE>
253  *
254  *		    DATA_OFF -- offset of the beginning of the data on
255  *				this page
256  *		    FULL_KEY_DATA -- 3
257  *		    OVFL_PAGENO - page number of the next overflow page
258  *		    OVFLPAGE -- 0
259  *
260  *		    OVFL_PAGENO and OVFLPAGE are optional (they are
261  *		    not present if there is no next page).
262  */
263 
264 #define OVFLPAGE	0
265 #define PARTIAL_KEY	1
266 #define FULL_KEY	2
267 #define FULL_KEY_DATA	3
268 #define	REAL_KEY	4
269 
270 /* Short hands for accessing structure */
271 #define BSIZE		hdr.bsize
272 #define BSHIFT		hdr.bshift
273 #define DSIZE		hdr.dsize
274 #define SGSIZE		hdr.ssize
275 #define SSHIFT		hdr.sshift
276 #define LORDER		hdr.lorder
277 #define OVFL_POINT	hdr.ovfl_point
278 #define	LAST_FREED	hdr.last_freed
279 #define MAX_BUCKET	hdr.max_bucket
280 #define FFACTOR		hdr.ffactor
281 #define HIGH_MASK	hdr.high_mask
282 #define LOW_MASK	hdr.low_mask
283 #define NKEYS		hdr.nkeys
284 #define HDRPAGES	hdr.hdrpages
285 #define SPARES		hdr.spares
286 #define BITMAPS		hdr.bitmaps
287 #define VERSION		hdr.version
288 #define MAGIC		hdr.magic
289 #define NEXT_FREE	hdr.next_free
290 #define H_CHARKEY	hdr.h_charkey
291