1.\" Copyright (c) 2004-2005 Pawel Jakub Dawidek <pjd@FreeBSD.org> 2.\" All rights reserved. 3.\" 4.\" Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without 5.\" modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions 6.\" are met: 7.\" 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright 8.\" notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer. 9.\" 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright 10.\" notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the 11.\" documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution. 12.\" 13.\" THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE AUTHORS AND CONTRIBUTORS ``AS IS'' AND 14.\" ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE 15.\" IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE 16.\" ARE DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE AUTHORS OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE 17.\" FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL 18.\" DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS 19.\" OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION) 20.\" HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT 21.\" LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY 22.\" OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF 23.\" SUCH DAMAGE. 24.\" 25.\" $FreeBSD$ 26.\" 27.Dd May 21, 2004 28.Dt GCONCAT 8 29.Os 30.Sh NAME 31.Nm gconcat 32.Nd "disk concatenation control utility" 33.Sh SYNOPSIS 34.Nm 35.Cm create 36.Op Fl v 37.Ar name 38.Ar prov ... 39.Nm 40.Cm destroy 41.Op Fl fv 42.Ar name ... 43.Nm 44.Cm label 45.Op Fl hv 46.Ar name 47.Ar prov ... 48.Nm 49.Cm stop 50.Op Fl fv 51.Ar name ... 52.Nm 53.Cm clear 54.Op Fl v 55.Ar prov ... 56.Nm 57.Cm dump 58.Ar prov ... 59.Nm 60.Cm list 61.Nm 62.Cm status 63.Nm 64.Cm load 65.Nm 66.Cm unload 67.Sh DESCRIPTION 68The 69.Nm 70utility is used for device concatenation configuration. 71The concatenation can be configured using two different methods: 72.Dq manual 73or 74.Dq automatic . 75When using the 76.Dq manual 77method, no metadata are stored on the devices, so the concatenated 78device has to be configured by hand every time it is needed. 79The 80.Dq automatic 81method uses on-disk metadata to detect devices. 82Once devices are labeled, they will be automatically detected and 83configured. 84.Pp 85The first argument to 86.Nm 87indicates an action to be performed: 88.Bl -tag -width ".Cm destroy" 89.It Cm create 90Concatenate the given devices with specified 91.Ar name . 92This is the 93.Dq manual 94method. 95The kernel module 96.Pa geom_concat.ko 97will be loaded if it is not loaded already. 98.It Cm label 99Concatenate the given devices with the specified 100.Ar name . 101This is the 102.Dq automatic 103method, where metadata are stored in every device's last sector. 104The kernel module 105.Pa geom_concat.ko 106will be loaded if it is not loaded already. 107.It Cm stop 108Turn off existing concatenate device by its 109.Ar name . 110This command does not touch on-disk metadata! 111.It Cm destroy 112Same as 113.Cm stop . 114.It Cm clear 115Clear metadata on the given devices. 116.It Cm dump 117Dump metadata stored on the given devices. 118.It Cm list 119See 120.Xr geom 8 . 121.It Cm status 122See 123.Xr geom 8 . 124.It Cm load 125See 126.Xr geom 8 . 127.It Cm unload 128See 129.Xr geom 8 . 130.El 131.Pp 132Additional options: 133.Bl -tag -width indent 134.It Fl f 135Force the removal of the specified concatenated device. 136.It Fl h 137Hardcode providers' names in metadata. 138.It Fl v 139Be more verbose. 140.El 141.Sh SYSCTL VARIABLES 142The following 143.Xr sysctl 8 144variables can be used to control the behavior of the 145.Nm CONCAT 146GEOM class. 147The default value is shown next to each variable. 148.Bl -tag -width indent 149.It Va kern.geom.concat.debug : No 0 150Debug level of the 151.Nm CONCAT 152GEOM class. 153This can be set to a number between 0 and 3 inclusive. 154If set to 0 minimal debug information is printed, and if set to 3 the 155maximum amount of debug information is printed. 156.El 157.Sh EXIT STATUS 158Exit status is 0 on success, and 1 if the command fails. 159.Sh EXAMPLES 160The following example shows how to configure four disks for automatic 161concatenation, create a file system on it, and mount it: 162.Bd -literal -offset indent 163gconcat label -v data /dev/da0 /dev/da1 /dev/da2 /dev/da3 164newfs /dev/concat/data 165mount /dev/concat/data /mnt 166[...] 167umount /mnt 168gconcat stop data 169gconcat unload 170.Ed 171.Pp 172Configure concatenated provider on one disk only. 173Create file system. 174Add two more disks and extend existing file system. 175.Bd -literal -offset indent 176gconcat label data /dev/da0 177newfs /dev/concat/data 178gconcat label data /dev/da0 /dev/da1 /dev/da2 179growfs /dev/concat/data 180.Ed 181.Sh SEE ALSO 182.Xr geom 4 , 183.Xr loader.conf 5 , 184.Xr geom 8 , 185.Xr growfs 8 , 186.Xr gvinum 8 , 187.Xr mount 8 , 188.Xr newfs 8 , 189.Xr sysctl 8 , 190.Xr umount 8 191.Sh HISTORY 192The 193.Nm 194utility appeared in 195.Fx 5.3 . 196.Sh AUTHORS 197.An Pawel Jakub Dawidek Aq Mt pjd@FreeBSD.org 198