xref: /freebsd/include/stdio.h (revision cf4c5a533126ca1ddb1f070af73f8f53b9e77fd4)
1 /*-
2  * Copyright (c) 1990, 1993
3  *	The Regents of the University of California.  All rights reserved.
4  *
5  * This code is derived from software contributed to Berkeley by
6  * Chris Torek.
7  *
8  * Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
9  * modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions
10  * are met:
11  * 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
12  *    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
13  * 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright
14  *    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the
15  *    documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
16  * 3. All advertising materials mentioning features or use of this software
17  *    must display the following acknowledgement:
18  *	This product includes software developed by the University of
19  *	California, Berkeley and its contributors.
20  * 4. Neither the name of the University nor the names of its contributors
21  *    may be used to endorse or promote products derived from this software
22  *    without specific prior written permission.
23  *
24  * THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE REGENTS AND CONTRIBUTORS ``AS IS'' AND
25  * ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE
26  * IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE
27  * ARE DISCLAIMED.  IN NO EVENT SHALL THE REGENTS OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE
28  * FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL
29  * DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS
30  * OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION)
31  * HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT
32  * LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY
33  * OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF
34  * SUCH DAMAGE.
35  *
36  *	@(#)stdio.h	8.5 (Berkeley) 4/29/95
37  * $FreeBSD$
38  */
39 
40 #ifndef	_STDIO_H_
41 #define	_STDIO_H_
42 
43 #include <sys/cdefs.h>
44 #include <sys/_null.h>
45 #include <sys/_types.h>
46 
47 typedef	__off_t		fpos_t;
48 
49 #ifndef _SIZE_T_DECLARED
50 typedef	__size_t	size_t;
51 #define	_SIZE_T_DECLARED
52 #endif
53 
54 #if __BSD_VISIBLE || __POSIX_VISIBLE >= 200809
55 #ifndef _OFF_T_DECLARED
56 #define	_OFF_T_DECLARED
57 typedef	__off_t		off_t;
58 #endif
59 #ifndef _SSIZE_T_DECLARED
60 #define	_SSIZE_T_DECLARED
61 typedef	__ssize_t	ssize_t;
62 #endif
63 #endif
64 
65 #if __BSD_VISIBLE || __POSIX_VISIBLE >= 200112 || __XSI_VISIBLE
66 #ifndef _VA_LIST_DECLARED
67 typedef	__va_list	va_list;
68 #define	_VA_LIST_DECLARED
69 #endif
70 #endif
71 
72 #define	_FSTDIO			/* Define for new stdio with functions. */
73 
74 /*
75  * NB: to fit things in six character monocase externals, the stdio
76  * code uses the prefix `__s' for stdio objects, typically followed
77  * by a three-character attempt at a mnemonic.
78  */
79 
80 /* stdio buffers */
81 struct __sbuf {
82 	unsigned char *_base;
83 	int	_size;
84 };
85 
86 /*
87  * stdio state variables.
88  *
89  * The following always hold:
90  *
91  *	if (_flags&(__SLBF|__SWR)) == (__SLBF|__SWR),
92  *		_lbfsize is -_bf._size, else _lbfsize is 0
93  *	if _flags&__SRD, _w is 0
94  *	if _flags&__SWR, _r is 0
95  *
96  * This ensures that the getc and putc macros (or inline functions) never
97  * try to write or read from a file that is in `read' or `write' mode.
98  * (Moreover, they can, and do, automatically switch from read mode to
99  * write mode, and back, on "r+" and "w+" files.)
100  *
101  * _lbfsize is used only to make the inline line-buffered output stream
102  * code as compact as possible.
103  *
104  * _ub, _up, and _ur are used when ungetc() pushes back more characters
105  * than fit in the current _bf, or when ungetc() pushes back a character
106  * that does not match the previous one in _bf.  When this happens,
107  * _ub._base becomes non-nil (i.e., a stream has ungetc() data iff
108  * _ub._base!=NULL) and _up and _ur save the current values of _p and _r.
109  *
110  * Certain members of __sFILE are accessed directly via macros or
111  * inline functions.  To preserve ABI compat, these members must not
112  * be disturbed.  These members are marked below with (*).
113  */
114 typedef	struct __sFILE {
115 	unsigned char *_p;	/* (*) current position in (some) buffer */
116 	int	_r;		/* (*) read space left for getc() */
117 	int	_w;		/* (*) write space left for putc() */
118 	short	_flags;		/* (*) flags, below; this FILE is free if 0 */
119 	short	_file;		/* (*) fileno, if Unix descriptor, else -1 */
120 	struct	__sbuf _bf;	/* (*) the buffer (at least 1 byte, if !NULL) */
121 	int	_lbfsize;	/* (*) 0 or -_bf._size, for inline putc */
122 
123 	/* operations */
124 	void	*_cookie;	/* (*) cookie passed to io functions */
125 	int	(*_close)(void *);
126 	int	(*_read)(void *, char *, int);
127 	fpos_t	(*_seek)(void *, fpos_t, int);
128 	int	(*_write)(void *, const char *, int);
129 
130 	/* separate buffer for long sequences of ungetc() */
131 	struct	__sbuf _ub;	/* ungetc buffer */
132 	unsigned char	*_up;	/* saved _p when _p is doing ungetc data */
133 	int	_ur;		/* saved _r when _r is counting ungetc data */
134 
135 	/* tricks to meet minimum requirements even when malloc() fails */
136 	unsigned char _ubuf[3];	/* guarantee an ungetc() buffer */
137 	unsigned char _nbuf[1];	/* guarantee a getc() buffer */
138 
139 	/* separate buffer for fgetln() when line crosses buffer boundary */
140 	struct	__sbuf _lb;	/* buffer for fgetln() */
141 
142 	/* Unix stdio files get aligned to block boundaries on fseek() */
143 	int	_blksize;	/* stat.st_blksize (may be != _bf._size) */
144 	fpos_t	_offset;	/* current lseek offset */
145 
146 	struct pthread_mutex *_fl_mutex;	/* used for MT-safety */
147 	struct pthread *_fl_owner;	/* current owner */
148 	int	_fl_count;	/* recursive lock count */
149 	int	_orientation;	/* orientation for fwide() */
150 	__mbstate_t _mbstate;	/* multibyte conversion state */
151 } FILE;
152 
153 #ifndef _STDSTREAM_DECLARED
154 __BEGIN_DECLS
155 extern FILE *__stdinp;
156 extern FILE *__stdoutp;
157 extern FILE *__stderrp;
158 __END_DECLS
159 #define	_STDSTREAM_DECLARED
160 #endif
161 
162 #define	__SLBF	0x0001		/* line buffered */
163 #define	__SNBF	0x0002		/* unbuffered */
164 #define	__SRD	0x0004		/* OK to read */
165 #define	__SWR	0x0008		/* OK to write */
166 	/* RD and WR are never simultaneously asserted */
167 #define	__SRW	0x0010		/* open for reading & writing */
168 #define	__SEOF	0x0020		/* found EOF */
169 #define	__SERR	0x0040		/* found error */
170 #define	__SMBF	0x0080		/* _buf is from malloc */
171 #define	__SAPP	0x0100		/* fdopen()ed in append mode */
172 #define	__SSTR	0x0200		/* this is an sprintf/snprintf string */
173 #define	__SOPT	0x0400		/* do fseek() optimization */
174 #define	__SNPT	0x0800		/* do not do fseek() optimization */
175 #define	__SOFF	0x1000		/* set iff _offset is in fact correct */
176 #define	__SMOD	0x2000		/* true => fgetln modified _p text */
177 #define	__SALC	0x4000		/* allocate string space dynamically */
178 #define	__SIGN	0x8000		/* ignore this file in _fwalk */
179 
180 /*
181  * The following three definitions are for ANSI C, which took them
182  * from System V, which brilliantly took internal interface macros and
183  * made them official arguments to setvbuf(), without renaming them.
184  * Hence, these ugly _IOxxx names are *supposed* to appear in user code.
185  *
186  * Although numbered as their counterparts above, the implementation
187  * does not rely on this.
188  */
189 #define	_IOFBF	0		/* setvbuf should set fully buffered */
190 #define	_IOLBF	1		/* setvbuf should set line buffered */
191 #define	_IONBF	2		/* setvbuf should set unbuffered */
192 
193 #define	BUFSIZ	1024		/* size of buffer used by setbuf */
194 #define	EOF	(-1)
195 
196 /*
197  * FOPEN_MAX is a minimum maximum, and is the number of streams that
198  * stdio can provide without attempting to allocate further resources
199  * (which could fail).  Do not use this for anything.
200  */
201 				/* must be == _POSIX_STREAM_MAX <limits.h> */
202 #ifndef FOPEN_MAX
203 #define	FOPEN_MAX	20	/* must be <= OPEN_MAX <sys/syslimits.h> */
204 #endif
205 #define	FILENAME_MAX	1024	/* must be <= PATH_MAX <sys/syslimits.h> */
206 
207 /* System V/ANSI C; this is the wrong way to do this, do *not* use these. */
208 #if __XSI_VISIBLE
209 #define	P_tmpdir	"/var/tmp/"
210 #endif
211 #define	L_tmpnam	1024	/* XXX must be == PATH_MAX */
212 #define	TMP_MAX		308915776
213 
214 #ifndef SEEK_SET
215 #define	SEEK_SET	0	/* set file offset to offset */
216 #endif
217 #ifndef SEEK_CUR
218 #define	SEEK_CUR	1	/* set file offset to current plus offset */
219 #endif
220 #ifndef SEEK_END
221 #define	SEEK_END	2	/* set file offset to EOF plus offset */
222 #endif
223 
224 #define	stdin	__stdinp
225 #define	stdout	__stdoutp
226 #define	stderr	__stderrp
227 
228 __BEGIN_DECLS
229 /*
230  * Functions defined in ANSI C standard.
231  */
232 void	 clearerr(FILE *);
233 int	 fclose(FILE *);
234 int	 feof(FILE *);
235 int	 ferror(FILE *);
236 int	 fflush(FILE *);
237 int	 fgetc(FILE *);
238 int	 fgetpos(FILE * __restrict, fpos_t * __restrict);
239 char	*fgets(char * __restrict, int, FILE * __restrict);
240 FILE	*fopen(const char * __restrict, const char * __restrict);
241 int	 fprintf(FILE * __restrict, const char * __restrict, ...);
242 int	 fputc(int, FILE *);
243 int	 fputs(const char * __restrict, FILE * __restrict);
244 size_t	 fread(void * __restrict, size_t, size_t, FILE * __restrict);
245 FILE	*freopen(const char * __restrict, const char * __restrict, FILE * __restrict);
246 int	 fscanf(FILE * __restrict, const char * __restrict, ...);
247 int	 fseek(FILE *, long, int);
248 int	 fsetpos(FILE *, const fpos_t *);
249 long	 ftell(FILE *);
250 size_t	 fwrite(const void * __restrict, size_t, size_t, FILE * __restrict);
251 int	 getc(FILE *);
252 int	 getchar(void);
253 char	*gets(char *);
254 void	 perror(const char *);
255 int	 printf(const char * __restrict, ...);
256 int	 putc(int, FILE *);
257 int	 putchar(int);
258 int	 puts(const char *);
259 int	 remove(const char *);
260 int	 rename(const char *, const char *);
261 void	 rewind(FILE *);
262 int	 scanf(const char * __restrict, ...);
263 void	 setbuf(FILE * __restrict, char * __restrict);
264 int	 setvbuf(FILE * __restrict, char * __restrict, int, size_t);
265 int	 sprintf(char * __restrict, const char * __restrict, ...);
266 int	 sscanf(const char * __restrict, const char * __restrict, ...);
267 FILE	*tmpfile(void);
268 char	*tmpnam(char *);
269 int	 ungetc(int, FILE *);
270 int	 vfprintf(FILE * __restrict, const char * __restrict,
271 	    __va_list);
272 int	 vprintf(const char * __restrict, __va_list);
273 int	 vsprintf(char * __restrict, const char * __restrict,
274 	    __va_list);
275 
276 #if __ISO_C_VISIBLE >= 1999
277 int	 snprintf(char * __restrict, size_t, const char * __restrict,
278 	    ...) __printflike(3, 4);
279 int	 vfscanf(FILE * __restrict, const char * __restrict, __va_list)
280 	    __scanflike(2, 0);
281 int	 vscanf(const char * __restrict, __va_list) __scanflike(1, 0);
282 int	 vsnprintf(char * __restrict, size_t, const char * __restrict,
283 	    __va_list) __printflike(3, 0);
284 int	 vsscanf(const char * __restrict, const char * __restrict, __va_list)
285 	    __scanflike(2, 0);
286 #endif
287 
288 /*
289  * Functions defined in all versions of POSIX 1003.1.
290  */
291 #if __BSD_VISIBLE || __POSIX_VISIBLE <= 199506
292 /* size for cuserid(3); UT_NAMESIZE + 1, see <utmp.h> */
293 #define	L_cuserid	17	/* legacy */
294 #endif
295 
296 #if __POSIX_VISIBLE
297 #define	L_ctermid	1024	/* size for ctermid(3); PATH_MAX */
298 
299 char	*ctermid(char *);
300 FILE	*fdopen(int, const char *);
301 int	 fileno(FILE *);
302 #endif /* __POSIX_VISIBLE */
303 
304 #if __POSIX_VISIBLE >= 199209
305 int	 pclose(FILE *);
306 FILE	*popen(const char *, const char *);
307 #endif
308 
309 #if __POSIX_VISIBLE >= 199506
310 int	 ftrylockfile(FILE *);
311 void	 flockfile(FILE *);
312 void	 funlockfile(FILE *);
313 
314 /*
315  * These are normally used through macros as defined below, but POSIX
316  * requires functions as well.
317  */
318 int	 getc_unlocked(FILE *);
319 int	 getchar_unlocked(void);
320 int	 putc_unlocked(int, FILE *);
321 int	 putchar_unlocked(int);
322 #endif
323 #if __BSD_VISIBLE
324 void	 clearerr_unlocked(FILE *);
325 int	 feof_unlocked(FILE *);
326 int	 ferror_unlocked(FILE *);
327 int	 fileno_unlocked(FILE *);
328 #endif
329 
330 #if __POSIX_VISIBLE >= 200112
331 int	 fseeko(FILE *, __off_t, int);
332 __off_t	 ftello(FILE *);
333 #endif
334 
335 #if __BSD_VISIBLE || __XSI_VISIBLE > 0 && __XSI_VISIBLE < 600
336 int	 getw(FILE *);
337 int	 putw(int, FILE *);
338 #endif /* BSD or X/Open before issue 6 */
339 
340 #if __XSI_VISIBLE
341 char	*tempnam(const char *, const char *);
342 #endif
343 
344 #if __BSD_VISIBLE || __POSIX_VISIBLE >= 200809
345 ssize_t	 getdelim(char ** __restrict, size_t * __restrict, int,
346 	    FILE * __restrict);
347 int	 renameat(int, const char *, int, const char *);
348 int	 vdprintf(int, const char * __restrict, __va_list);
349 
350 /*
351  * Every programmer and his dog wrote functions called getline() and dprintf()
352  * before POSIX.1-2008 came along and decided to usurp the names, so we
353  * don't prototype them by default unless one of the following is true:
354  *   a) the app has requested them specifically by defining _WITH_GETLINE or
355  *      _WITH_DPRINTF, respectively
356  *   b) the app has requested a POSIX.1-2008 environment via _POSIX_C_SOURCE
357  *   c) the app defines a GNUism such as _BSD_SOURCE or _GNU_SOURCE
358  */
359 #ifndef _WITH_GETLINE
360 #if defined(_BSD_SOURCE) || defined(_GNU_SOURCE)
361 #define	_WITH_GETLINE
362 #elif defined(_POSIX_C_SOURCE)
363 #if _POSIX_C_SOURCE >= 200809
364 #define	_WITH_GETLINE
365 #endif
366 #endif
367 #endif
368 
369 #ifdef _WITH_GETLINE
370 ssize_t	 getline(char ** __restrict, size_t * __restrict, FILE * __restrict);
371 #endif
372 
373 #ifndef _WITH_DPRINTF
374 #if defined(_BSD_SOURCE) || defined(_GNU_SOURCE)
375 #define	_WITH_DPRINTF
376 #elif defined(_POSIX_C_SOURCE)
377 #if _POSIX_C_SOURCE >= 200809
378 #define	_WITH_DPRINTF
379 #endif
380 #endif
381 #endif
382 
383 #ifdef _WITH_DPRINTF
384 int	 (dprintf)(int, const char * __restrict, ...);
385 #endif
386 
387 #endif /* __BSD_VISIBLE || __POSIX_VISIBLE >= 200809 */
388 
389 /*
390  * Routines that are purely local.
391  */
392 #if __BSD_VISIBLE
393 int	 asprintf(char **, const char *, ...) __printflike(2, 3);
394 char	*ctermid_r(char *);
395 void	 fcloseall(void);
396 char	*fgetln(FILE *, size_t *);
397 __const char *fmtcheck(const char *, const char *) __format_arg(2);
398 int	 fpurge(FILE *);
399 void	 setbuffer(FILE *, char *, int);
400 int	 setlinebuf(FILE *);
401 int	 vasprintf(char **, const char *, __va_list)
402 	    __printflike(2, 0);
403 
404 /*
405  * The system error table contains messages for the first sys_nerr
406  * positive errno values.  Use strerror() or strerror_r() from <string.h>
407  * instead.
408  */
409 extern __const int sys_nerr;
410 extern __const char *__const sys_errlist[];
411 
412 /*
413  * Stdio function-access interface.
414  */
415 FILE	*funopen(const void *,
416 	    int (*)(void *, char *, int),
417 	    int (*)(void *, const char *, int),
418 	    fpos_t (*)(void *, fpos_t, int),
419 	    int (*)(void *));
420 #define	fropen(cookie, fn) funopen(cookie, fn, 0, 0, 0)
421 #define	fwopen(cookie, fn) funopen(cookie, 0, fn, 0, 0)
422 
423 /*
424  * Portability hacks.  See <sys/types.h>.
425  */
426 #ifndef _FTRUNCATE_DECLARED
427 #define	_FTRUNCATE_DECLARED
428 int	 ftruncate(int, __off_t);
429 #endif
430 #ifndef _LSEEK_DECLARED
431 #define	_LSEEK_DECLARED
432 __off_t	 lseek(int, __off_t, int);
433 #endif
434 #ifndef _MMAP_DECLARED
435 #define	_MMAP_DECLARED
436 void	*mmap(void *, size_t, int, int, int, __off_t);
437 #endif
438 #ifndef _TRUNCATE_DECLARED
439 #define	_TRUNCATE_DECLARED
440 int	 truncate(const char *, __off_t);
441 #endif
442 #endif /* __BSD_VISIBLE */
443 
444 /*
445  * Functions internal to the implementation.
446  */
447 int	__srget(FILE *);
448 int	__swbuf(int, FILE *);
449 
450 /*
451  * The __sfoo macros are here so that we can
452  * define function versions in the C library.
453  */
454 #define	__sgetc(p) (--(p)->_r < 0 ? __srget(p) : (int)(*(p)->_p++))
455 #if defined(__GNUC__) && defined(__STDC__)
456 static __inline int __sputc(int _c, FILE *_p) {
457 	if (--_p->_w >= 0 || (_p->_w >= _p->_lbfsize && (char)_c != '\n'))
458 		return (*_p->_p++ = _c);
459 	else
460 		return (__swbuf(_c, _p));
461 }
462 #else
463 /*
464  * This has been tuned to generate reasonable code on the vax using pcc.
465  */
466 #define	__sputc(c, p) \
467 	(--(p)->_w < 0 ? \
468 		(p)->_w >= (p)->_lbfsize ? \
469 			(*(p)->_p = (c)), *(p)->_p != '\n' ? \
470 				(int)*(p)->_p++ : \
471 				__swbuf('\n', p) : \
472 			__swbuf((int)(c), p) : \
473 		(*(p)->_p = (c), (int)*(p)->_p++))
474 #endif
475 
476 #define	__sfeof(p)	(((p)->_flags & __SEOF) != 0)
477 #define	__sferror(p)	(((p)->_flags & __SERR) != 0)
478 #define	__sclearerr(p)	((void)((p)->_flags &= ~(__SERR|__SEOF)))
479 #define	__sfileno(p)	((p)->_file)
480 
481 extern int __isthreaded;
482 
483 #define	feof(p)		(!__isthreaded ? __sfeof(p) : (feof)(p))
484 #define	ferror(p)	(!__isthreaded ? __sferror(p) : (ferror)(p))
485 #define	clearerr(p)	(!__isthreaded ? __sclearerr(p) : (clearerr)(p))
486 
487 #if __POSIX_VISIBLE
488 #define	fileno(p)	(!__isthreaded ? __sfileno(p) : (fileno)(p))
489 #endif
490 
491 #define	getc(fp)	(!__isthreaded ? __sgetc(fp) : (getc)(fp))
492 #define	putc(x, fp)	(!__isthreaded ? __sputc(x, fp) : (putc)(x, fp))
493 
494 #define	getchar()	getc(stdin)
495 #define	putchar(x)	putc(x, stdout)
496 
497 #if __BSD_VISIBLE
498 /*
499  * See ISO/IEC 9945-1 ANSI/IEEE Std 1003.1 Second Edition 1996-07-12
500  * B.8.2.7 for the rationale behind the *_unlocked() macros.
501  */
502 #define	feof_unlocked(p)	__sfeof(p)
503 #define	ferror_unlocked(p)	__sferror(p)
504 #define	clearerr_unlocked(p)	__sclearerr(p)
505 #define	fileno_unlocked(p)	__sfileno(p)
506 #endif
507 #if __POSIX_VISIBLE >= 199506
508 #define	getc_unlocked(fp)	__sgetc(fp)
509 #define	putc_unlocked(x, fp)	__sputc(x, fp)
510 
511 #define	getchar_unlocked()	getc_unlocked(stdin)
512 #define	putchar_unlocked(x)	putc_unlocked(x, stdout)
513 #endif
514 
515 __END_DECLS
516 #endif /* !_STDIO_H_ */
517