xref: /freebsd/include/stdio.h (revision ce834215a70ff69e7e222827437116eee2f9ac6f)
1 /*-
2  * Copyright (c) 1990, 1993
3  *	The Regents of the University of California.  All rights reserved.
4  *
5  * This code is derived from software contributed to Berkeley by
6  * Chris Torek.
7  *
8  * Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
9  * modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions
10  * are met:
11  * 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
12  *    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
13  * 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright
14  *    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the
15  *    documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
16  * 3. All advertising materials mentioning features or use of this software
17  *    must display the following acknowledgement:
18  *	This product includes software developed by the University of
19  *	California, Berkeley and its contributors.
20  * 4. Neither the name of the University nor the names of its contributors
21  *    may be used to endorse or promote products derived from this software
22  *    without specific prior written permission.
23  *
24  * THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE REGENTS AND CONTRIBUTORS ``AS IS'' AND
25  * ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE
26  * IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE
27  * ARE DISCLAIMED.  IN NO EVENT SHALL THE REGENTS OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE
28  * FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL
29  * DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS
30  * OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION)
31  * HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT
32  * LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY
33  * OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF
34  * SUCH DAMAGE.
35  *
36  *	@(#)stdio.h	8.5 (Berkeley) 4/29/95
37  *	$Id: stdio.h,v 1.12 1997/03/11 11:16:27 peter Exp $
38  */
39 
40 #ifndef	_STDIO_H_
41 #define	_STDIO_H_
42 
43 #include <sys/cdefs.h>
44 #include <machine/ansi.h>
45 
46 #ifdef	_BSD_SIZE_T_
47 typedef	_BSD_SIZE_T_	size_t;
48 #undef	_BSD_SIZE_T_
49 #endif
50 
51 #ifndef NULL
52 #define	NULL	0
53 #endif
54 
55 /*
56  * This is fairly grotesque, but pure ANSI code must not inspect the
57  * innards of an fpos_t anyway.  The library internally uses off_t,
58  * which we assume is exactly as big as eight chars.  (When we switch
59  * to gcc 2.4 we will use __attribute__ here.)
60  *
61  * WARNING: the alignment constraints on an off_t and the struct below
62  * differ on (e.g.) the SPARC.  Hence, the placement of an fpos_t object
63  * in a structure will change if fpos_t's are not aligned on 8-byte
64  * boundaries.  THIS IS A CROCK, but for now there is no way around it.
65  */
66 #if !defined(_ANSI_SOURCE) && !defined(__STRICT_ANSI__)
67 typedef	_BSD_OFF_T_	fpos_t;
68 #else
69 typedef struct __sfpos {
70 	char	_pos[8];
71 } fpos_t;
72 #endif
73 
74 #define	_FSTDIO			/* Define for new stdio with functions. */
75 
76 /*
77  * NB: to fit things in six character monocase externals, the stdio
78  * code uses the prefix `__s' for stdio objects, typically followed
79  * by a three-character attempt at a mnemonic.
80  */
81 
82 /* stdio buffers */
83 struct __sbuf {
84 	unsigned char *_base;
85 	int	_size;
86 };
87 
88 /*
89  * stdio state variables.
90  *
91  * The following always hold:
92  *
93  *	if (_flags&(__SLBF|__SWR)) == (__SLBF|__SWR),
94  *		_lbfsize is -_bf._size, else _lbfsize is 0
95  *	if _flags&__SRD, _w is 0
96  *	if _flags&__SWR, _r is 0
97  *
98  * This ensures that the getc and putc macros (or inline functions) never
99  * try to write or read from a file that is in `read' or `write' mode.
100  * (Moreover, they can, and do, automatically switch from read mode to
101  * write mode, and back, on "r+" and "w+" files.)
102  *
103  * _lbfsize is used only to make the inline line-buffered output stream
104  * code as compact as possible.
105  *
106  * _ub, _up, and _ur are used when ungetc() pushes back more characters
107  * than fit in the current _bf, or when ungetc() pushes back a character
108  * that does not match the previous one in _bf.  When this happens,
109  * _ub._base becomes non-nil (i.e., a stream has ungetc() data iff
110  * _ub._base!=NULL) and _up and _ur save the current values of _p and _r.
111  *
112  * NB: see WARNING above before changing the layout of this structure!
113  */
114 typedef	struct __sFILE {
115 	unsigned char *_p;	/* current position in (some) buffer */
116 	int	_r;		/* read space left for getc() */
117 	int	_w;		/* write space left for putc() */
118 	short	_flags;		/* flags, below; this FILE is free if 0 */
119 	short	_file;		/* fileno, if Unix descriptor, else -1 */
120 	struct	__sbuf _bf;	/* the buffer (at least 1 byte, if !NULL) */
121 	int	_lbfsize;	/* 0 or -_bf._size, for inline putc */
122 
123 	/* operations */
124 	void	*_cookie;	/* cookie passed to io functions */
125 	int	(*_close) __P((void *));
126 	int	(*_read)  __P((void *, char *, int));
127 	fpos_t	(*_seek)  __P((void *, fpos_t, int));
128 	int	(*_write) __P((void *, const char *, int));
129 
130 	/* separate buffer for long sequences of ungetc() */
131 	struct	__sbuf _ub;	/* ungetc buffer */
132 	unsigned char *_up;	/* saved _p when _p is doing ungetc data */
133 	int	_ur;		/* saved _r when _r is counting ungetc data */
134 
135 	/* tricks to meet minimum requirements even when malloc() fails */
136 	unsigned char _ubuf[3];	/* guarantee an ungetc() buffer */
137 	unsigned char _nbuf[1];	/* guarantee a getc() buffer */
138 
139 	/* separate buffer for fgetln() when line crosses buffer boundary */
140 	struct	__sbuf _lb;	/* buffer for fgetln() */
141 
142 	/* Unix stdio files get aligned to block boundaries on fseek() */
143 	int	_blksize;	/* stat.st_blksize (may be != _bf._size) */
144 	fpos_t	_offset;	/* current lseek offset (see WARNING) */
145 } FILE;
146 
147 __BEGIN_DECLS
148 extern FILE __sF[];
149 __END_DECLS
150 
151 #define	__SLBF	0x0001		/* line buffered */
152 #define	__SNBF	0x0002		/* unbuffered */
153 #define	__SRD	0x0004		/* OK to read */
154 #define	__SWR	0x0008		/* OK to write */
155 	/* RD and WR are never simultaneously asserted */
156 #define	__SRW	0x0010		/* open for reading & writing */
157 #define	__SEOF	0x0020		/* found EOF */
158 #define	__SERR	0x0040		/* found error */
159 #define	__SMBF	0x0080		/* _buf is from malloc */
160 #define	__SAPP	0x0100		/* fdopen()ed in append mode */
161 #define	__SSTR	0x0200		/* this is an sprintf/snprintf string */
162 #define	__SOPT	0x0400		/* do fseek() optimization */
163 #define	__SNPT	0x0800		/* do not do fseek() optimization */
164 #define	__SOFF	0x1000		/* set iff _offset is in fact correct */
165 #define	__SMOD	0x2000		/* true => fgetln modified _p text */
166 
167 /*
168  * The following three definitions are for ANSI C, which took them
169  * from System V, which brilliantly took internal interface macros and
170  * made them official arguments to setvbuf(), without renaming them.
171  * Hence, these ugly _IOxxx names are *supposed* to appear in user code.
172  *
173  * Although numbered as their counterparts above, the implementation
174  * does not rely on this.
175  */
176 #define	_IOFBF	0		/* setvbuf should set fully buffered */
177 #define	_IOLBF	1		/* setvbuf should set line buffered */
178 #define	_IONBF	2		/* setvbuf should set unbuffered */
179 
180 #define	BUFSIZ	1024		/* size of buffer used by setbuf */
181 #define	EOF	(-1)
182 
183 /*
184  * FOPEN_MAX is a minimum maximum, and is the number of streams that
185  * stdio can provide without attempting to allocate further resources
186  * (which could fail).  Do not use this for anything.
187  */
188 				/* must be == _POSIX_STREAM_MAX <limits.h> */
189 #define	FOPEN_MAX	20	/* must be <= OPEN_MAX <sys/syslimits.h> */
190 #define	FILENAME_MAX	1024	/* must be <= PATH_MAX <sys/syslimits.h> */
191 
192 /* System V/ANSI C; this is the wrong way to do this, do *not* use these. */
193 #ifndef _ANSI_SOURCE
194 #define	P_tmpdir	"/var/tmp/"
195 #endif
196 #define	L_tmpnam	1024	/* XXX must be == PATH_MAX */
197 #define	TMP_MAX		308915776
198 
199 #ifndef SEEK_SET
200 #define	SEEK_SET	0	/* set file offset to offset */
201 #endif
202 #ifndef SEEK_CUR
203 #define	SEEK_CUR	1	/* set file offset to current plus offset */
204 #endif
205 #ifndef SEEK_END
206 #define	SEEK_END	2	/* set file offset to EOF plus offset */
207 #endif
208 
209 #define	stdin	(&__sF[0])
210 #define	stdout	(&__sF[1])
211 #define	stderr	(&__sF[2])
212 
213 /*
214  * Functions defined in ANSI C standard.
215  */
216 __BEGIN_DECLS
217 void	 clearerr __P((FILE *));
218 int	 fclose __P((FILE *));
219 int	 feof __P((FILE *));
220 int	 ferror __P((FILE *));
221 int	 fflush __P((FILE *));
222 int	 fgetc __P((FILE *));
223 int	 fgetpos __P((FILE *, fpos_t *));
224 char	*fgets __P((char *, int, FILE *));
225 FILE	*fopen __P((const char *, const char *));
226 int	 fprintf __P((FILE *, const char *, ...));
227 int	 fputc __P((int, FILE *));
228 int	 fputs __P((const char *, FILE *));
229 size_t	 fread __P((void *, size_t, size_t, FILE *));
230 FILE	*freopen __P((const char *, const char *, FILE *));
231 int	 fscanf __P((FILE *, const char *, ...));
232 int	 fseek __P((FILE *, long, int));
233 int	 fsetpos __P((FILE *, const fpos_t *));
234 long	 ftell __P((FILE *));
235 size_t	 fwrite __P((const void *, size_t, size_t, FILE *));
236 int	 getc __P((FILE *));
237 int	 getchar __P((void));
238 char	*gets __P((char *));
239 #if !defined(_ANSI_SOURCE) && !defined(_POSIX_SOURCE)
240 extern __const int sys_nerr;		/* perror(3) external variables */
241 extern __const char *__const sys_errlist[];
242 #endif
243 void	 perror __P((const char *));
244 int	 printf __P((const char *, ...));
245 int	 putc __P((int, FILE *));
246 int	 putchar __P((int));
247 int	 puts __P((const char *));
248 int	 remove __P((const char *));
249 int	 rename  __P((const char *, const char *));
250 void	 rewind __P((FILE *));
251 int	 scanf __P((const char *, ...));
252 void	 setbuf __P((FILE *, char *));
253 int	 setvbuf __P((FILE *, char *, int, size_t));
254 int	 sprintf __P((char *, const char *, ...));
255 int	 sscanf __P((const char *, const char *, ...));
256 FILE	*tmpfile __P((void));
257 char	*tmpnam __P((char *));
258 int	 ungetc __P((int, FILE *));
259 int	 vfprintf __P((FILE *, const char *, _BSD_VA_LIST_));
260 int	 vprintf __P((const char *, _BSD_VA_LIST_));
261 int	 vsprintf __P((char *, const char *, _BSD_VA_LIST_));
262 __END_DECLS
263 
264 /*
265  * Functions defined in POSIX 1003.1.
266  */
267 #ifndef _ANSI_SOURCE
268 /* size for cuserid(3); UT_NAMESIZE + 1, see <utmp.h> */
269 #define	L_cuserid	17
270 
271 #define	L_ctermid	1024	/* size for ctermid(3); PATH_MAX */
272 
273 __BEGIN_DECLS
274 char	*ctermid __P((char *));
275 FILE	*fdopen __P((int, const char *));
276 int	 fileno __P((FILE *));
277 __END_DECLS
278 #endif /* not ANSI */
279 
280 /*
281  * Portability hacks.  See <sys/types.h>.
282  */
283 #if !defined (_ANSI_SOURCE) && !defined(_POSIX_SOURCE)
284 __BEGIN_DECLS
285 #ifndef _FTRUNCATE_DECLARED
286 #define	_FTRUNCATE_DECLARED
287 int	 ftruncate __P((int, _BSD_OFF_T_));
288 #endif
289 #ifndef _LSEEK_DECLARED
290 #define	_LSEEK_DECLARED
291 _BSD_OFF_T_ lseek __P((int, _BSD_OFF_T_, int));
292 #endif
293 #ifndef _MMAP_DECLARED
294 #define	_MMAP_DECLARED
295 char	*mmap __P((char *, size_t, int, int, int, _BSD_OFF_T_));
296 #endif
297 #ifndef _TRUNCATE_DECLARED
298 #define	_TRUNCATE_DECLARED
299 int	 truncate __P((const char *, _BSD_OFF_T_));
300 #endif
301 __END_DECLS
302 #endif /* !_ANSI_SOURCE && !_POSIX_SOURCE */
303 
304 /*
305  * Routines that are purely local.
306  */
307 #if !defined (_ANSI_SOURCE) && !defined(_POSIX_SOURCE)
308 __BEGIN_DECLS
309 int	 asprintf __P((char **, const char *, ...));
310 char	*fgetln __P((FILE *, size_t *));
311 int	 fpurge __P((FILE *));
312 int	 getw __P((FILE *));
313 int	 pclose __P((FILE *));
314 FILE	*popen __P((const char *, const char *));
315 int	 putw __P((int, FILE *));
316 void	 setbuffer __P((FILE *, char *, int));
317 int	 setlinebuf __P((FILE *));
318 char	*tempnam __P((const char *, const char *));
319 int	 snprintf __P((char *, size_t, const char *, ...));
320 int	 vasprintf __P((char **, const char *, _BSD_VA_LIST_));
321 int	 vsnprintf __P((char *, size_t, const char *, _BSD_VA_LIST_));
322 int	 vscanf __P((const char *, _BSD_VA_LIST_));
323 int	 vsscanf __P((const char *, const char *, _BSD_VA_LIST_));
324 __END_DECLS
325 
326 /*
327  * This is a #define because the function is used internally and
328  * (unlike vfscanf) the name __svfscanf is guaranteed not to collide
329  * with a user function when _ANSI_SOURCE or _POSIX_SOURCE is defined.
330  */
331 #define	 vfscanf	__svfscanf
332 
333 /*
334  * Stdio function-access interface.
335  */
336 __BEGIN_DECLS
337 FILE	*funopen __P((const void *,
338 		int (*)(void *, char *, int),
339 		int (*)(void *, const char *, int),
340 		fpos_t (*)(void *, fpos_t, int),
341 		int (*)(void *)));
342 __END_DECLS
343 #define	fropen(cookie, fn) funopen(cookie, fn, 0, 0, 0)
344 #define	fwopen(cookie, fn) funopen(cookie, 0, fn, 0, 0)
345 #endif /* !_ANSI_SOURCE && !_POSIX_SOURCE */
346 
347 /*
348  * Functions internal to the implementation.
349  */
350 __BEGIN_DECLS
351 int	__srget __P((FILE *));
352 int	__svfscanf __P((FILE *, const char *, _BSD_VA_LIST_));
353 int	__swbuf __P((int, FILE *));
354 __END_DECLS
355 
356 /*
357  * The __sfoo macros are here so that we can
358  * define function versions in the C library.
359  */
360 #define	__sgetc(p) (--(p)->_r < 0 ? __srget(p) : (int)(*(p)->_p++))
361 #if defined(__GNUC__) && defined(__STDC__)
362 static __inline int __sputc(int _c, FILE *_p) {
363 	if (--_p->_w >= 0 || (_p->_w >= _p->_lbfsize && (char)_c != '\n'))
364 		return (*_p->_p++ = _c);
365 	else
366 		return (__swbuf(_c, _p));
367 }
368 #else
369 /*
370  * This has been tuned to generate reasonable code on the vax using pcc.
371  */
372 #define	__sputc(c, p) \
373 	(--(p)->_w < 0 ? \
374 		(p)->_w >= (p)->_lbfsize ? \
375 			(*(p)->_p = (c)), *(p)->_p != '\n' ? \
376 				(int)*(p)->_p++ : \
377 				__swbuf('\n', p) : \
378 			__swbuf((int)(c), p) : \
379 		(*(p)->_p = (c), (int)*(p)->_p++))
380 #endif
381 
382 #define	__sfeof(p)	(((p)->_flags & __SEOF) != 0)
383 #define	__sferror(p)	(((p)->_flags & __SERR) != 0)
384 #define	__sclearerr(p)	((void)((p)->_flags &= ~(__SERR|__SEOF)))
385 #define	__sfileno(p)	((p)->_file)
386 
387 #define	feof(p)		__sfeof(p)
388 #define	ferror(p)	__sferror(p)
389 #define	clearerr(p)	__sclearerr(p)
390 
391 #ifndef _ANSI_SOURCE
392 #define	fileno(p)	__sfileno(p)
393 #endif
394 
395 #ifndef lint
396 #define	getc(fp)	__sgetc(fp)
397 #define putc(x, fp)	__sputc(x, fp)
398 #endif /* lint */
399 
400 #define	getchar()	getc(stdin)
401 #define	putchar(x)	putc(x, stdout)
402 
403 #endif /* !_STDIO_H_ */
404