xref: /freebsd/include/stdio.h (revision 87b759f0fa1f7554d50ce640c40138512bbded44)
1 /*-
2  * SPDX-License-Identifier: BSD-3-Clause
3  *
4  * Copyright (c) 1990, 1993
5  *	The Regents of the University of California.  All rights reserved.
6  *
7  * This code is derived from software contributed to Berkeley by
8  * Chris Torek.
9  *
10  * Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
11  * modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions
12  * are met:
13  * 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
14  *    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
15  * 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright
16  *    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the
17  *    documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
18  * 3. Neither the name of the University nor the names of its contributors
19  *    may be used to endorse or promote products derived from this software
20  *    without specific prior written permission.
21  *
22  * THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE REGENTS AND CONTRIBUTORS ``AS IS'' AND
23  * ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE
24  * IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE
25  * ARE DISCLAIMED.  IN NO EVENT SHALL THE REGENTS OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE
26  * FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL
27  * DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS
28  * OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION)
29  * HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT
30  * LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY
31  * OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF
32  * SUCH DAMAGE.
33  */
34 
35 #ifndef	_STDIO_H_
36 #define	_STDIO_H_
37 
38 #include <sys/cdefs.h>
39 #include <sys/_null.h>
40 #include <sys/_types.h>
41 
42 __NULLABILITY_PRAGMA_PUSH
43 
44 typedef	__off_t		fpos_t;
45 
46 #ifndef _SIZE_T_DECLARED
47 typedef	__size_t	size_t;
48 #define	_SIZE_T_DECLARED
49 #endif
50 
51 #if __EXT1_VISIBLE
52 /* ISO/IEC 9899:2011 K.3.3.2 */
53 #ifndef _RSIZE_T_DEFINED
54 #define _RSIZE_T_DEFINED
55 typedef size_t rsize_t;
56 #endif
57 #endif /* __EXT1_VISIBLE */
58 
59 #if __POSIX_VISIBLE >= 200809
60 #ifndef _OFF_T_DECLARED
61 #define	_OFF_T_DECLARED
62 typedef	__off_t		off_t;
63 #endif
64 #ifndef _SSIZE_T_DECLARED
65 #define	_SSIZE_T_DECLARED
66 typedef	__ssize_t	ssize_t;
67 #endif
68 #endif
69 
70 #ifndef _OFF64_T_DECLARED
71 #define	_OFF64_T_DECLARED
72 typedef	__off64_t	off64_t;
73 #endif
74 
75 #if __POSIX_VISIBLE >= 200112 || __XSI_VISIBLE
76 #ifndef _VA_LIST_DECLARED
77 typedef	__va_list	va_list;
78 #define	_VA_LIST_DECLARED
79 #endif
80 #endif
81 
82 #define	_FSTDIO			/* Define for new stdio with functions. */
83 
84 /*
85  * NB: to fit things in six character monocase externals, the stdio
86  * code uses the prefix `__s' for stdio objects, typically followed
87  * by a three-character attempt at a mnemonic.
88  */
89 
90 /* stdio buffers */
91 struct __sbuf {
92 	unsigned char *_base;
93 	int	_size;
94 };
95 
96 /*
97  * stdio state variables.
98  *
99  * The following always hold:
100  *
101  *	if (_flags&(__SLBF|__SWR)) == (__SLBF|__SWR),
102  *		_lbfsize is -_bf._size, else _lbfsize is 0
103  *	if _flags&__SRD, _w is 0
104  *	if _flags&__SWR, _r is 0
105  *
106  * This ensures that the getc and putc macros (or inline functions) never
107  * try to write or read from a file that is in `read' or `write' mode.
108  * (Moreover, they can, and do, automatically switch from read mode to
109  * write mode, and back, on "r+" and "w+" files.)
110  *
111  * _lbfsize is used only to make the inline line-buffered output stream
112  * code as compact as possible.
113  *
114  * _ub, _up, and _ur are used when ungetc() pushes back more characters
115  * than fit in the current _bf, or when ungetc() pushes back a character
116  * that does not match the previous one in _bf.  When this happens,
117  * _ub._base becomes non-nil (i.e., a stream has ungetc() data iff
118  * _ub._base!=NULL) and _up and _ur save the current values of _p and _r.
119  *
120  * Certain members of __sFILE are accessed directly via macros or
121  * inline functions.  To preserve ABI compat, these members must not
122  * be disturbed.  These members are marked below with (*).
123  */
124 struct __sFILE {
125 	unsigned char *_p;	/* (*) current position in (some) buffer */
126 	int	_r;		/* (*) read space left for getc() */
127 	int	_w;		/* (*) write space left for putc() */
128 	short	_flags;		/* (*) flags, below; this FILE is free if 0 */
129 	short	_file;		/* (*) fileno, if Unix descriptor, else -1 */
130 	struct	__sbuf _bf;	/* (*) the buffer (at least 1 byte, if !NULL) */
131 	int	_lbfsize;	/* (*) 0 or -_bf._size, for inline putc */
132 
133 	/* operations */
134 	void	*_cookie;	/* (*) cookie passed to io functions */
135 	int	(* _Nullable _close)(void *);
136 	int	(* _Nullable _read)(void *, char *, int);
137 	fpos_t	(* _Nullable _seek)(void *, fpos_t, int);
138 	int	(* _Nullable _write)(void *, const char *, int);
139 
140 	/* separate buffer for long sequences of ungetc() */
141 	struct	__sbuf _ub;	/* ungetc buffer */
142 	unsigned char	*_up;	/* saved _p when _p is doing ungetc data */
143 	int	_ur;		/* saved _r when _r is counting ungetc data */
144 
145 	/* tricks to meet minimum requirements even when malloc() fails */
146 	unsigned char _ubuf[3];	/* guarantee an ungetc() buffer */
147 	unsigned char _nbuf[1];	/* guarantee a getc() buffer */
148 
149 	/* separate buffer for fgetln() when line crosses buffer boundary */
150 	struct	__sbuf _lb;	/* buffer for fgetln() */
151 
152 	/* Unix stdio files get aligned to block boundaries on fseek() */
153 	int	_blksize;	/* stat.st_blksize (may be != _bf._size) */
154 	fpos_t	_offset;	/* current lseek offset */
155 
156 	struct pthread_mutex *_fl_mutex;	/* used for MT-safety */
157 	struct pthread *_fl_owner;	/* current owner */
158 	int	_fl_count;	/* recursive lock count */
159 	int	_orientation;	/* orientation for fwide() */
160 	__mbstate_t _mbstate;	/* multibyte conversion state */
161 	int	_flags2;	/* additional flags */
162 };
163 #ifndef _STDFILE_DECLARED
164 #define _STDFILE_DECLARED
165 typedef struct __sFILE FILE;
166 #endif
167 #ifndef _STDSTREAM_DECLARED
168 __BEGIN_DECLS
169 extern FILE *__stdinp;
170 extern FILE *__stdoutp;
171 extern FILE *__stderrp;
172 __END_DECLS
173 #define	_STDSTREAM_DECLARED
174 #endif
175 
176 #define	__SLBF	0x0001		/* line buffered */
177 #define	__SNBF	0x0002		/* unbuffered */
178 #define	__SRD	0x0004		/* OK to read */
179 #define	__SWR	0x0008		/* OK to write */
180 	/* RD and WR are never simultaneously asserted */
181 #define	__SRW	0x0010		/* open for reading & writing */
182 #define	__SEOF	0x0020		/* found EOF */
183 #define	__SERR	0x0040		/* found error */
184 #define	__SMBF	0x0080		/* _bf._base is from malloc */
185 #define	__SAPP	0x0100		/* fdopen()ed in append mode */
186 #define	__SSTR	0x0200		/* this is an sprintf/snprintf string */
187 #define	__SOPT	0x0400		/* do fseek() optimization */
188 #define	__SNPT	0x0800		/* do not do fseek() optimization */
189 #define	__SOFF	0x1000		/* set iff _offset is in fact correct */
190 #define	__SMOD	0x2000		/* true => fgetln modified _p text */
191 #define	__SALC	0x4000		/* allocate string space dynamically */
192 #define	__SIGN	0x8000		/* ignore this file in _fwalk */
193 
194 #define	__S2OAP	0x0001		/* O_APPEND mode is set */
195 
196 /*
197  * The following three definitions are for ANSI C, which took them
198  * from System V, which brilliantly took internal interface macros and
199  * made them official arguments to setvbuf(), without renaming them.
200  * Hence, these ugly _IOxxx names are *supposed* to appear in user code.
201  *
202  * Although numbered as their counterparts above, the implementation
203  * does not rely on this.
204  */
205 #define	_IOFBF	0		/* setvbuf should set fully buffered */
206 #define	_IOLBF	1		/* setvbuf should set line buffered */
207 #define	_IONBF	2		/* setvbuf should set unbuffered */
208 
209 #define	BUFSIZ	1024		/* size of buffer used by setbuf */
210 #define	EOF	(-1)
211 
212 /*
213  * FOPEN_MAX is a minimum maximum, and is the number of streams that
214  * stdio can provide without attempting to allocate further resources
215  * (which could fail).  Do not use this for anything.
216  */
217 				/* must be == _POSIX_STREAM_MAX <limits.h> */
218 #ifndef FOPEN_MAX
219 #define	FOPEN_MAX	20	/* must be <= OPEN_MAX <sys/syslimits.h> */
220 #endif
221 #define	FILENAME_MAX	1024	/* must be <= PATH_MAX <sys/syslimits.h> */
222 
223 /* System V/ANSI C; this is the wrong way to do this, do *not* use these. */
224 #if __XSI_VISIBLE
225 #define	P_tmpdir	"/tmp/"
226 #endif
227 #define	L_tmpnam	1024	/* XXX must be == PATH_MAX */
228 #define	TMP_MAX		308915776
229 
230 #ifndef SEEK_SET
231 #define	SEEK_SET	0	/* set file offset to offset */
232 #endif
233 #ifndef SEEK_CUR
234 #define	SEEK_CUR	1	/* set file offset to current plus offset */
235 #endif
236 #ifndef SEEK_END
237 #define	SEEK_END	2	/* set file offset to EOF plus offset */
238 #endif
239 
240 #define	stdin	__stdinp
241 #define	stdout	__stdoutp
242 #define	stderr	__stderrp
243 
244 /*
245  * Functions defined in all versions of POSIX 1003.1.
246  */
247 #if __BSD_VISIBLE || (__POSIX_VISIBLE && __POSIX_VISIBLE <= 199506)
248 #define	L_cuserid	17	/* size for cuserid(3); MAXLOGNAME, legacy */
249 #endif
250 
251 #if __POSIX_VISIBLE
252 #define	L_ctermid	1024	/* size for ctermid(3); PATH_MAX */
253 #endif /* __POSIX_VISIBLE */
254 
255 #if !defined(_STANDALONE) && defined(_FORTIFY_SOURCE) && _FORTIFY_SOURCE > 0
256 #include <ssp/stdio.h>
257 #endif
258 
259 __BEGIN_DECLS
260 #ifdef _XLOCALE_H_
261 #include <xlocale/_stdio.h>
262 #endif
263 /*
264  * Functions defined in ANSI C standard.
265  */
266 void	 clearerr(FILE *);
267 int	 fclose(FILE *);
268 int	 feof(FILE *);
269 int	 ferror(FILE *);
270 int	 fflush(FILE *);
271 int	 fgetc(FILE *);
272 int	 fgetpos(FILE * __restrict, fpos_t * __restrict);
273 char	*(fgets)(char * __restrict, int, FILE * __restrict);
274 FILE	*fopen(const char * __restrict, const char * __restrict);
275 int	 fprintf(FILE * __restrict, const char * __restrict, ...);
276 int	 fputc(int, FILE *);
277 int	 fputs(const char * __restrict, FILE * __restrict);
278 size_t	 fread(void * __restrict, size_t, size_t, FILE * __restrict);
279 FILE	*freopen(const char * __restrict, const char * __restrict, FILE * __restrict);
280 int	 fscanf(FILE * __restrict, const char * __restrict, ...);
281 int	 fseek(FILE *, long, int);
282 int	 fsetpos(FILE *, const fpos_t *);
283 long	 ftell(FILE *);
284 size_t	 fwrite(const void * __restrict, size_t, size_t, FILE * __restrict);
285 int	 getc(FILE *);
286 int	 getchar(void);
287 #if __EXT1_VISIBLE
288 char	*gets_s(char *, rsize_t);
289 #endif
290 void	 perror(const char *);
291 int	 printf(const char * __restrict, ...);
292 int	 putc(int, FILE *);
293 int	 putchar(int);
294 int	 puts(const char *);
295 int	 remove(const char *);
296 int	 rename(const char *, const char *);
297 void	 rewind(FILE *);
298 int	 scanf(const char * __restrict, ...);
299 void	 setbuf(FILE * __restrict, char * __restrict);
300 int	 setvbuf(FILE * __restrict, char * __restrict, int, size_t);
301 int	 (sprintf)(char * __restrict, const char * __restrict, ...);
302 int	 sscanf(const char * __restrict, const char * __restrict, ...);
303 FILE	*tmpfile(void);
304 char	*tmpnam(char *);
305 int	 ungetc(int, FILE *);
306 int	 vfprintf(FILE * __restrict, const char * __restrict,
307 	    __va_list);
308 int	 vprintf(const char * __restrict, __va_list);
309 int	 (vsprintf)(char * __restrict, const char * __restrict,
310 	    __va_list);
311 
312 #if __ISO_C_VISIBLE >= 1999 || __POSIX_VISIBLE >= 199506
313 int	 (snprintf)(char * __restrict, size_t, const char * __restrict,
314 	    ...) __printflike(3, 4);
315 int	 (vsnprintf)(char * __restrict, size_t, const char * __restrict,
316 	    __va_list) __printflike(3, 0);
317 #endif
318 #if __ISO_C_VISIBLE >= 1999
319 int	 vfscanf(FILE * __restrict, const char * __restrict, __va_list)
320 	    __scanflike(2, 0);
321 int	 vscanf(const char * __restrict, __va_list) __scanflike(1, 0);
322 int	 vsscanf(const char * __restrict, const char * __restrict, __va_list)
323 	    __scanflike(2, 0);
324 #endif
325 
326 #if __POSIX_VISIBLE
327 char	*ctermid(char *);
328 FILE	*fdopen(int, const char *);
329 int	 fileno(FILE *);
330 #endif /* __POSIX_VISIBLE */
331 
332 #if __POSIX_VISIBLE >= 199209
333 int	 pclose(FILE *);
334 FILE	*popen(const char *, const char *);
335 #endif
336 
337 #if __POSIX_VISIBLE >= 199506
338 int	 ftrylockfile(FILE *);
339 void	 flockfile(FILE *);
340 void	 funlockfile(FILE *);
341 
342 /*
343  * These are normally used through macros as defined below, but POSIX
344  * requires functions as well.
345  */
346 int	 getc_unlocked(FILE *);
347 int	 getchar_unlocked(void);
348 int	 putc_unlocked(int, FILE *);
349 int	 putchar_unlocked(int);
350 #endif
351 #if __BSD_VISIBLE
352 void	 clearerr_unlocked(FILE *);
353 int	 feof_unlocked(FILE *);
354 int	 ferror_unlocked(FILE *);
355 int	 fflush_unlocked(FILE *);
356 int	 fileno_unlocked(FILE *);
357 int	 fputc_unlocked(int, FILE *);
358 int	 fputs_unlocked(const char * __restrict, FILE * __restrict);
359 size_t	 fread_unlocked(void * __restrict, size_t, size_t, FILE * __restrict);
360 size_t	 fwrite_unlocked(const void * __restrict, size_t, size_t,
361     FILE * __restrict);
362 #endif
363 
364 #if __POSIX_VISIBLE >= 200112 || __XSI_VISIBLE >= 500
365 int	 fseeko(FILE *, __off_t, int);
366 __off_t	 ftello(FILE *);
367 #endif
368 
369 #if __BSD_VISIBLE || __XSI_VISIBLE > 0 && __XSI_VISIBLE < 600
370 int	 getw(FILE *);
371 int	 putw(int, FILE *);
372 #endif /* BSD or X/Open before issue 6 */
373 
374 #if __XSI_VISIBLE
375 char	*tempnam(const char *, const char *);
376 #endif
377 
378 #if __POSIX_VISIBLE >= 200809
379 FILE	*fmemopen(void * __restrict, size_t, const char * __restrict);
380 ssize_t	 getdelim(char ** __restrict, size_t * __restrict, int,
381 	    FILE * __restrict);
382 FILE	*open_memstream(char **, size_t *);
383 int	 renameat(int, const char *, int, const char *);
384 int	 vdprintf(int, const char * __restrict, __va_list) __printflike(2, 0);
385 /* _WITH_GETLINE to allow pre 11 sources to build on 11+ systems */
386 ssize_t	 getline(char ** __restrict, size_t * __restrict, FILE * __restrict);
387 int	 dprintf(int, const char * __restrict, ...) __printflike(2, 3);
388 #endif /* __POSIX_VISIBLE >= 200809 */
389 
390 /*
391  * Routines that are purely local.
392  */
393 #if __BSD_VISIBLE
394 int	 asprintf(char **, const char *, ...) __printflike(2, 3);
395 char	*ctermid_r(char *);
396 void	 fcloseall(void);
397 int	 fdclose(FILE *, int *);
398 char	*fgetln(FILE *, size_t *);
399 const char *fmtcheck(const char *, const char *) __format_arg(2);
400 int	 fpurge(FILE *);
401 void	 setbuffer(FILE *, char *, int);
402 int	 setlinebuf(FILE *);
403 int	 vasprintf(char **, const char *, __va_list)
404 	    __printflike(2, 0);
405 
406 /*
407  * The system error table contains messages for the first sys_nerr
408  * positive errno values.  Use strerror() or strerror_r() from <string.h>
409  * instead.
410  */
411 extern const int sys_nerr;
412 extern const char * const sys_errlist[];
413 
414 /*
415  * Stdio function-access interface.
416  */
417 FILE	*funopen(const void *,
418 	    int (* _Nullable)(void *, char *, int),
419 	    int (* _Nullable)(void *, const char *, int),
420 	    fpos_t (* _Nullable)(void *, fpos_t, int),
421 	    int (* _Nullable)(void *));
422 #define	fropen(cookie, fn) funopen(cookie, fn, 0, 0, 0)
423 #define	fwopen(cookie, fn) funopen(cookie, 0, fn, 0, 0)
424 
425 #if __BSD_VISIBLE
426 typedef __ssize_t cookie_read_function_t(void *, char *, size_t);
427 typedef __ssize_t cookie_write_function_t(void *, const char *, size_t);
428 typedef int cookie_seek_function_t(void *, off64_t *, int);
429 typedef int cookie_close_function_t(void *);
430 typedef struct {
431 	cookie_read_function_t	*read;
432 	cookie_write_function_t	*write;
433 	cookie_seek_function_t	*seek;
434 	cookie_close_function_t	*close;
435 } cookie_io_functions_t;
436 FILE	*fopencookie(void *, const char *, cookie_io_functions_t);
437 #endif
438 
439 /*
440  * Portability hacks.  See <sys/types.h>.
441  */
442 #ifndef _FTRUNCATE_DECLARED
443 #define	_FTRUNCATE_DECLARED
444 int	 ftruncate(int, __off_t);
445 #endif
446 #ifndef _LSEEK_DECLARED
447 #define	_LSEEK_DECLARED
448 __off_t	 lseek(int, __off_t, int);
449 #endif
450 #ifndef _MMAP_DECLARED
451 #define	_MMAP_DECLARED
452 void	*mmap(void *, size_t, int, int, int, __off_t);
453 #endif
454 #ifndef _TRUNCATE_DECLARED
455 #define	_TRUNCATE_DECLARED
456 int	 truncate(const char *, __off_t);
457 #endif
458 #endif /* __BSD_VISIBLE */
459 
460 /*
461  * Functions internal to the implementation.
462  */
463 int	__srget(FILE *);
464 int	__swbuf(int, FILE *);
465 
466 /*
467  * The __sfoo macros are here so that we can
468  * define function versions in the C library.
469  */
470 #define	__sgetc(p) (--(p)->_r < 0 ? __srget(p) : (int)(*(p)->_p++))
471 #if defined(__GNUC__) && defined(__STDC__)
472 static __inline int __sputc(int _c, FILE *_p) {
473 	if (--_p->_w >= 0 || (_p->_w >= _p->_lbfsize && (char)_c != '\n'))
474 		return (*_p->_p++ = _c);
475 	else
476 		return (__swbuf(_c, _p));
477 }
478 #else
479 /*
480  * This has been tuned to generate reasonable code on the vax using pcc.
481  */
482 #define	__sputc(c, p) \
483 	(--(p)->_w < 0 ? \
484 		(p)->_w >= (p)->_lbfsize ? \
485 			(*(p)->_p = (c)), *(p)->_p != '\n' ? \
486 				(int)*(p)->_p++ : \
487 				__swbuf('\n', p) : \
488 			__swbuf((int)(c), p) : \
489 		(*(p)->_p = (c), (int)*(p)->_p++))
490 #endif
491 
492 #ifndef __LIBC_ISTHREADED_DECLARED
493 #define __LIBC_ISTHREADED_DECLARED
494 extern int __isthreaded;
495 #endif
496 
497 #ifndef __cplusplus
498 
499 #define	__sfeof(p)	(((p)->_flags & __SEOF) != 0)
500 #define	__sferror(p)	(((p)->_flags & __SERR) != 0)
501 #define	__sclearerr(p)	((void)((p)->_flags &= ~(__SERR|__SEOF)))
502 #define	__sfileno(p)	((p)->_file)
503 
504 
505 #define	feof(p)		(!__isthreaded ? __sfeof(p) : (feof)(p))
506 #define	ferror(p)	(!__isthreaded ? __sferror(p) : (ferror)(p))
507 #define	clearerr(p)	(!__isthreaded ? __sclearerr(p) : (clearerr)(p))
508 
509 #if __POSIX_VISIBLE
510 #define	fileno(p)	(!__isthreaded ? __sfileno(p) : (fileno)(p))
511 #endif
512 
513 #define	getc(fp)	(!__isthreaded ? __sgetc(fp) : (getc)(fp))
514 #define	putc(x, fp)	(!__isthreaded ? __sputc(x, fp) : (putc)(x, fp))
515 
516 #define	getchar()	getc(stdin)
517 #define	putchar(x)	putc(x, stdout)
518 
519 #if __BSD_VISIBLE
520 /*
521  * See ISO/IEC 9945-1 ANSI/IEEE Std 1003.1 Second Edition 1996-07-12
522  * B.8.2.7 for the rationale behind the *_unlocked() macros.
523  */
524 #define	clearerr_unlocked(p)	__sclearerr(p)
525 #define	feof_unlocked(p)	__sfeof(p)
526 #define	ferror_unlocked(p)	__sferror(p)
527 #define	fileno_unlocked(p)	__sfileno(p)
528 #define	fputc_unlocked(s, p)	__sputc(s, p)
529 #endif
530 #if __POSIX_VISIBLE >= 199506
531 #define	getc_unlocked(fp)	__sgetc(fp)
532 #define	putc_unlocked(x, fp)	__sputc(x, fp)
533 
534 #define	getchar_unlocked()	getc_unlocked(stdin)
535 #define	putchar_unlocked(x)	putc_unlocked(x, stdout)
536 #endif
537 #endif /* __cplusplus */
538 
539 __END_DECLS
540 __NULLABILITY_PRAGMA_POP
541 
542 #endif /* !_STDIO_H_ */
543