xref: /freebsd/include/stdio.h (revision 734e82fe33aa764367791a7d603b383996c6b40b)
1 /*-
2  * SPDX-License-Identifier: BSD-3-Clause
3  *
4  * Copyright (c) 1990, 1993
5  *	The Regents of the University of California.  All rights reserved.
6  *
7  * This code is derived from software contributed to Berkeley by
8  * Chris Torek.
9  *
10  * Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
11  * modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions
12  * are met:
13  * 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
14  *    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
15  * 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright
16  *    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the
17  *    documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
18  * 3. Neither the name of the University nor the names of its contributors
19  *    may be used to endorse or promote products derived from this software
20  *    without specific prior written permission.
21  *
22  * THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE REGENTS AND CONTRIBUTORS ``AS IS'' AND
23  * ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE
24  * IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE
25  * ARE DISCLAIMED.  IN NO EVENT SHALL THE REGENTS OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE
26  * FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL
27  * DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS
28  * OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION)
29  * HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT
30  * LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY
31  * OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF
32  * SUCH DAMAGE.
33  *
34  *	@(#)stdio.h	8.5 (Berkeley) 4/29/95
35  */
36 
37 #ifndef	_STDIO_H_
38 #define	_STDIO_H_
39 
40 #include <sys/cdefs.h>
41 #include <sys/_null.h>
42 #include <sys/_types.h>
43 
44 __NULLABILITY_PRAGMA_PUSH
45 
46 typedef	__off_t		fpos_t;
47 
48 #ifndef _SIZE_T_DECLARED
49 typedef	__size_t	size_t;
50 #define	_SIZE_T_DECLARED
51 #endif
52 
53 #ifndef _RSIZE_T_DEFINED
54 #define _RSIZE_T_DEFINED
55 typedef size_t rsize_t;
56 #endif
57 
58 #if __POSIX_VISIBLE >= 200809
59 #ifndef _OFF_T_DECLARED
60 #define	_OFF_T_DECLARED
61 typedef	__off_t		off_t;
62 #endif
63 #ifndef _SSIZE_T_DECLARED
64 #define	_SSIZE_T_DECLARED
65 typedef	__ssize_t	ssize_t;
66 #endif
67 #endif
68 
69 #ifndef _OFF64_T_DECLARED
70 #define	_OFF64_T_DECLARED
71 typedef	__off64_t	off64_t;
72 #endif
73 
74 #if __POSIX_VISIBLE >= 200112 || __XSI_VISIBLE
75 #ifndef _VA_LIST_DECLARED
76 typedef	__va_list	va_list;
77 #define	_VA_LIST_DECLARED
78 #endif
79 #endif
80 
81 #define	_FSTDIO			/* Define for new stdio with functions. */
82 
83 /*
84  * NB: to fit things in six character monocase externals, the stdio
85  * code uses the prefix `__s' for stdio objects, typically followed
86  * by a three-character attempt at a mnemonic.
87  */
88 
89 /* stdio buffers */
90 struct __sbuf {
91 	unsigned char *_base;
92 	int	_size;
93 };
94 
95 /*
96  * stdio state variables.
97  *
98  * The following always hold:
99  *
100  *	if (_flags&(__SLBF|__SWR)) == (__SLBF|__SWR),
101  *		_lbfsize is -_bf._size, else _lbfsize is 0
102  *	if _flags&__SRD, _w is 0
103  *	if _flags&__SWR, _r is 0
104  *
105  * This ensures that the getc and putc macros (or inline functions) never
106  * try to write or read from a file that is in `read' or `write' mode.
107  * (Moreover, they can, and do, automatically switch from read mode to
108  * write mode, and back, on "r+" and "w+" files.)
109  *
110  * _lbfsize is used only to make the inline line-buffered output stream
111  * code as compact as possible.
112  *
113  * _ub, _up, and _ur are used when ungetc() pushes back more characters
114  * than fit in the current _bf, or when ungetc() pushes back a character
115  * that does not match the previous one in _bf.  When this happens,
116  * _ub._base becomes non-nil (i.e., a stream has ungetc() data iff
117  * _ub._base!=NULL) and _up and _ur save the current values of _p and _r.
118  *
119  * Certain members of __sFILE are accessed directly via macros or
120  * inline functions.  To preserve ABI compat, these members must not
121  * be disturbed.  These members are marked below with (*).
122  */
123 struct __sFILE {
124 	unsigned char *_p;	/* (*) current position in (some) buffer */
125 	int	_r;		/* (*) read space left for getc() */
126 	int	_w;		/* (*) write space left for putc() */
127 	short	_flags;		/* (*) flags, below; this FILE is free if 0 */
128 	short	_file;		/* (*) fileno, if Unix descriptor, else -1 */
129 	struct	__sbuf _bf;	/* (*) the buffer (at least 1 byte, if !NULL) */
130 	int	_lbfsize;	/* (*) 0 or -_bf._size, for inline putc */
131 
132 	/* operations */
133 	void	*_cookie;	/* (*) cookie passed to io functions */
134 	int	(* _Nullable _close)(void *);
135 	int	(* _Nullable _read)(void *, char *, int);
136 	fpos_t	(* _Nullable _seek)(void *, fpos_t, int);
137 	int	(* _Nullable _write)(void *, const char *, int);
138 
139 	/* separate buffer for long sequences of ungetc() */
140 	struct	__sbuf _ub;	/* ungetc buffer */
141 	unsigned char	*_up;	/* saved _p when _p is doing ungetc data */
142 	int	_ur;		/* saved _r when _r is counting ungetc data */
143 
144 	/* tricks to meet minimum requirements even when malloc() fails */
145 	unsigned char _ubuf[3];	/* guarantee an ungetc() buffer */
146 	unsigned char _nbuf[1];	/* guarantee a getc() buffer */
147 
148 	/* separate buffer for fgetln() when line crosses buffer boundary */
149 	struct	__sbuf _lb;	/* buffer for fgetln() */
150 
151 	/* Unix stdio files get aligned to block boundaries on fseek() */
152 	int	_blksize;	/* stat.st_blksize (may be != _bf._size) */
153 	fpos_t	_offset;	/* current lseek offset */
154 
155 	struct pthread_mutex *_fl_mutex;	/* used for MT-safety */
156 	struct pthread *_fl_owner;	/* current owner */
157 	int	_fl_count;	/* recursive lock count */
158 	int	_orientation;	/* orientation for fwide() */
159 	__mbstate_t _mbstate;	/* multibyte conversion state */
160 	int	_flags2;	/* additional flags */
161 };
162 #ifndef _STDFILE_DECLARED
163 #define _STDFILE_DECLARED
164 typedef struct __sFILE FILE;
165 #endif
166 #ifndef _STDSTREAM_DECLARED
167 __BEGIN_DECLS
168 extern FILE *__stdinp;
169 extern FILE *__stdoutp;
170 extern FILE *__stderrp;
171 __END_DECLS
172 #define	_STDSTREAM_DECLARED
173 #endif
174 
175 #define	__SLBF	0x0001		/* line buffered */
176 #define	__SNBF	0x0002		/* unbuffered */
177 #define	__SRD	0x0004		/* OK to read */
178 #define	__SWR	0x0008		/* OK to write */
179 	/* RD and WR are never simultaneously asserted */
180 #define	__SRW	0x0010		/* open for reading & writing */
181 #define	__SEOF	0x0020		/* found EOF */
182 #define	__SERR	0x0040		/* found error */
183 #define	__SMBF	0x0080		/* _bf._base is from malloc */
184 #define	__SAPP	0x0100		/* fdopen()ed in append mode */
185 #define	__SSTR	0x0200		/* this is an sprintf/snprintf string */
186 #define	__SOPT	0x0400		/* do fseek() optimization */
187 #define	__SNPT	0x0800		/* do not do fseek() optimization */
188 #define	__SOFF	0x1000		/* set iff _offset is in fact correct */
189 #define	__SMOD	0x2000		/* true => fgetln modified _p text */
190 #define	__SALC	0x4000		/* allocate string space dynamically */
191 #define	__SIGN	0x8000		/* ignore this file in _fwalk */
192 
193 #define	__S2OAP	0x0001		/* O_APPEND mode is set */
194 
195 /*
196  * The following three definitions are for ANSI C, which took them
197  * from System V, which brilliantly took internal interface macros and
198  * made them official arguments to setvbuf(), without renaming them.
199  * Hence, these ugly _IOxxx names are *supposed* to appear in user code.
200  *
201  * Although numbered as their counterparts above, the implementation
202  * does not rely on this.
203  */
204 #define	_IOFBF	0		/* setvbuf should set fully buffered */
205 #define	_IOLBF	1		/* setvbuf should set line buffered */
206 #define	_IONBF	2		/* setvbuf should set unbuffered */
207 
208 #define	BUFSIZ	1024		/* size of buffer used by setbuf */
209 #define	EOF	(-1)
210 
211 /*
212  * FOPEN_MAX is a minimum maximum, and is the number of streams that
213  * stdio can provide without attempting to allocate further resources
214  * (which could fail).  Do not use this for anything.
215  */
216 				/* must be == _POSIX_STREAM_MAX <limits.h> */
217 #ifndef FOPEN_MAX
218 #define	FOPEN_MAX	20	/* must be <= OPEN_MAX <sys/syslimits.h> */
219 #endif
220 #define	FILENAME_MAX	1024	/* must be <= PATH_MAX <sys/syslimits.h> */
221 
222 /* System V/ANSI C; this is the wrong way to do this, do *not* use these. */
223 #if __XSI_VISIBLE
224 #define	P_tmpdir	"/tmp/"
225 #endif
226 #define	L_tmpnam	1024	/* XXX must be == PATH_MAX */
227 #define	TMP_MAX		308915776
228 
229 #ifndef SEEK_SET
230 #define	SEEK_SET	0	/* set file offset to offset */
231 #endif
232 #ifndef SEEK_CUR
233 #define	SEEK_CUR	1	/* set file offset to current plus offset */
234 #endif
235 #ifndef SEEK_END
236 #define	SEEK_END	2	/* set file offset to EOF plus offset */
237 #endif
238 
239 #define	stdin	__stdinp
240 #define	stdout	__stdoutp
241 #define	stderr	__stderrp
242 
243 __BEGIN_DECLS
244 #ifdef _XLOCALE_H_
245 #include <xlocale/_stdio.h>
246 #endif
247 /*
248  * Functions defined in ANSI C standard.
249  */
250 void	 clearerr(FILE *);
251 int	 fclose(FILE *);
252 int	 feof(FILE *);
253 int	 ferror(FILE *);
254 int	 fflush(FILE *);
255 int	 fgetc(FILE *);
256 int	 fgetpos(FILE * __restrict, fpos_t * __restrict);
257 char	*fgets(char * __restrict, int, FILE * __restrict);
258 FILE	*fopen(const char * __restrict, const char * __restrict);
259 int	 fprintf(FILE * __restrict, const char * __restrict, ...);
260 int	 fputc(int, FILE *);
261 int	 fputs(const char * __restrict, FILE * __restrict);
262 size_t	 fread(void * __restrict, size_t, size_t, FILE * __restrict);
263 FILE	*freopen(const char * __restrict, const char * __restrict, FILE * __restrict);
264 int	 fscanf(FILE * __restrict, const char * __restrict, ...);
265 int	 fseek(FILE *, long, int);
266 int	 fsetpos(FILE *, const fpos_t *);
267 long	 ftell(FILE *);
268 size_t	 fwrite(const void * __restrict, size_t, size_t, FILE * __restrict);
269 int	 getc(FILE *);
270 int	 getchar(void);
271 #if __EXT1_VISIBLE
272 char	*gets_s(char *, rsize_t);
273 #endif
274 void	 perror(const char *);
275 int	 printf(const char * __restrict, ...);
276 int	 putc(int, FILE *);
277 int	 putchar(int);
278 int	 puts(const char *);
279 int	 remove(const char *);
280 int	 rename(const char *, const char *);
281 void	 rewind(FILE *);
282 int	 scanf(const char * __restrict, ...);
283 void	 setbuf(FILE * __restrict, char * __restrict);
284 int	 setvbuf(FILE * __restrict, char * __restrict, int, size_t);
285 int	 sprintf(char * __restrict, const char * __restrict, ...);
286 int	 sscanf(const char * __restrict, const char * __restrict, ...);
287 FILE	*tmpfile(void);
288 char	*tmpnam(char *);
289 int	 ungetc(int, FILE *);
290 int	 vfprintf(FILE * __restrict, const char * __restrict,
291 	    __va_list);
292 int	 vprintf(const char * __restrict, __va_list);
293 int	 vsprintf(char * __restrict, const char * __restrict,
294 	    __va_list);
295 
296 #if __ISO_C_VISIBLE >= 1999 || __POSIX_VISIBLE >= 199506
297 int	 snprintf(char * __restrict, size_t, const char * __restrict,
298 	    ...) __printflike(3, 4);
299 int	 vsnprintf(char * __restrict, size_t, const char * __restrict,
300 	    __va_list) __printflike(3, 0);
301 #endif
302 #if __ISO_C_VISIBLE >= 1999
303 int	 vfscanf(FILE * __restrict, const char * __restrict, __va_list)
304 	    __scanflike(2, 0);
305 int	 vscanf(const char * __restrict, __va_list) __scanflike(1, 0);
306 int	 vsscanf(const char * __restrict, const char * __restrict, __va_list)
307 	    __scanflike(2, 0);
308 #endif
309 
310 /*
311  * Functions defined in all versions of POSIX 1003.1.
312  */
313 #if __BSD_VISIBLE || (__POSIX_VISIBLE && __POSIX_VISIBLE <= 199506)
314 #define	L_cuserid	17	/* size for cuserid(3); MAXLOGNAME, legacy */
315 #endif
316 
317 #if __POSIX_VISIBLE
318 #define	L_ctermid	1024	/* size for ctermid(3); PATH_MAX */
319 
320 char	*ctermid(char *);
321 FILE	*fdopen(int, const char *);
322 int	 fileno(FILE *);
323 #endif /* __POSIX_VISIBLE */
324 
325 #if __POSIX_VISIBLE >= 199209
326 int	 pclose(FILE *);
327 FILE	*popen(const char *, const char *);
328 #endif
329 
330 #if __POSIX_VISIBLE >= 199506
331 int	 ftrylockfile(FILE *);
332 void	 flockfile(FILE *);
333 void	 funlockfile(FILE *);
334 
335 /*
336  * These are normally used through macros as defined below, but POSIX
337  * requires functions as well.
338  */
339 int	 getc_unlocked(FILE *);
340 int	 getchar_unlocked(void);
341 int	 putc_unlocked(int, FILE *);
342 int	 putchar_unlocked(int);
343 #endif
344 #if __BSD_VISIBLE
345 void	 clearerr_unlocked(FILE *);
346 int	 feof_unlocked(FILE *);
347 int	 ferror_unlocked(FILE *);
348 int	 fflush_unlocked(FILE *);
349 int	 fileno_unlocked(FILE *);
350 int	 fputc_unlocked(int, FILE *);
351 int	 fputs_unlocked(const char * __restrict, FILE * __restrict);
352 size_t	 fread_unlocked(void * __restrict, size_t, size_t, FILE * __restrict);
353 size_t	 fwrite_unlocked(const void * __restrict, size_t, size_t,
354     FILE * __restrict);
355 #endif
356 
357 #if __POSIX_VISIBLE >= 200112 || __XSI_VISIBLE >= 500
358 int	 fseeko(FILE *, __off_t, int);
359 __off_t	 ftello(FILE *);
360 #endif
361 
362 #if __BSD_VISIBLE || __XSI_VISIBLE > 0 && __XSI_VISIBLE < 600
363 int	 getw(FILE *);
364 int	 putw(int, FILE *);
365 #endif /* BSD or X/Open before issue 6 */
366 
367 #if __XSI_VISIBLE
368 char	*tempnam(const char *, const char *);
369 #endif
370 
371 #if __POSIX_VISIBLE >= 200809
372 FILE	*fmemopen(void * __restrict, size_t, const char * __restrict);
373 ssize_t	 getdelim(char ** __restrict, size_t * __restrict, int,
374 	    FILE * __restrict);
375 FILE	*open_memstream(char **, size_t *);
376 int	 renameat(int, const char *, int, const char *);
377 int	 vdprintf(int, const char * __restrict, __va_list) __printflike(2, 0);
378 /* _WITH_GETLINE to allow pre 11 sources to build on 11+ systems */
379 ssize_t	 getline(char ** __restrict, size_t * __restrict, FILE * __restrict);
380 int	 dprintf(int, const char * __restrict, ...) __printflike(2, 3);
381 #endif /* __POSIX_VISIBLE >= 200809 */
382 
383 /*
384  * Routines that are purely local.
385  */
386 #if __BSD_VISIBLE
387 int	 asprintf(char **, const char *, ...) __printflike(2, 3);
388 char	*ctermid_r(char *);
389 void	 fcloseall(void);
390 int	 fdclose(FILE *, int *);
391 char	*fgetln(FILE *, size_t *);
392 const char *fmtcheck(const char *, const char *) __format_arg(2);
393 int	 fpurge(FILE *);
394 void	 setbuffer(FILE *, char *, int);
395 int	 setlinebuf(FILE *);
396 int	 vasprintf(char **, const char *, __va_list)
397 	    __printflike(2, 0);
398 
399 /*
400  * The system error table contains messages for the first sys_nerr
401  * positive errno values.  Use strerror() or strerror_r() from <string.h>
402  * instead.
403  */
404 extern const int sys_nerr;
405 extern const char * const sys_errlist[];
406 
407 /*
408  * Stdio function-access interface.
409  */
410 FILE	*funopen(const void *,
411 	    int (* _Nullable)(void *, char *, int),
412 	    int (* _Nullable)(void *, const char *, int),
413 	    fpos_t (* _Nullable)(void *, fpos_t, int),
414 	    int (* _Nullable)(void *));
415 #define	fropen(cookie, fn) funopen(cookie, fn, 0, 0, 0)
416 #define	fwopen(cookie, fn) funopen(cookie, 0, fn, 0, 0)
417 
418 typedef __ssize_t cookie_read_function_t(void *, char *, size_t);
419 typedef __ssize_t cookie_write_function_t(void *, const char *, size_t);
420 typedef int cookie_seek_function_t(void *, off64_t *, int);
421 typedef int cookie_close_function_t(void *);
422 typedef struct {
423 	cookie_read_function_t	*read;
424 	cookie_write_function_t	*write;
425 	cookie_seek_function_t	*seek;
426 	cookie_close_function_t	*close;
427 } cookie_io_functions_t;
428 FILE	*fopencookie(void *, const char *, cookie_io_functions_t);
429 
430 /*
431  * Portability hacks.  See <sys/types.h>.
432  */
433 #ifndef _FTRUNCATE_DECLARED
434 #define	_FTRUNCATE_DECLARED
435 int	 ftruncate(int, __off_t);
436 #endif
437 #ifndef _LSEEK_DECLARED
438 #define	_LSEEK_DECLARED
439 __off_t	 lseek(int, __off_t, int);
440 #endif
441 #ifndef _MMAP_DECLARED
442 #define	_MMAP_DECLARED
443 void	*mmap(void *, size_t, int, int, int, __off_t);
444 #endif
445 #ifndef _TRUNCATE_DECLARED
446 #define	_TRUNCATE_DECLARED
447 int	 truncate(const char *, __off_t);
448 #endif
449 #endif /* __BSD_VISIBLE */
450 
451 /*
452  * Functions internal to the implementation.
453  */
454 int	__srget(FILE *);
455 int	__swbuf(int, FILE *);
456 
457 /*
458  * The __sfoo macros are here so that we can
459  * define function versions in the C library.
460  */
461 #define	__sgetc(p) (--(p)->_r < 0 ? __srget(p) : (int)(*(p)->_p++))
462 #if defined(__GNUC__) && defined(__STDC__)
463 static __inline int __sputc(int _c, FILE *_p) {
464 	if (--_p->_w >= 0 || (_p->_w >= _p->_lbfsize && (char)_c != '\n'))
465 		return (*_p->_p++ = _c);
466 	else
467 		return (__swbuf(_c, _p));
468 }
469 #else
470 /*
471  * This has been tuned to generate reasonable code on the vax using pcc.
472  */
473 #define	__sputc(c, p) \
474 	(--(p)->_w < 0 ? \
475 		(p)->_w >= (p)->_lbfsize ? \
476 			(*(p)->_p = (c)), *(p)->_p != '\n' ? \
477 				(int)*(p)->_p++ : \
478 				__swbuf('\n', p) : \
479 			__swbuf((int)(c), p) : \
480 		(*(p)->_p = (c), (int)*(p)->_p++))
481 #endif
482 
483 #ifndef __LIBC_ISTHREADED_DECLARED
484 #define __LIBC_ISTHREADED_DECLARED
485 extern int __isthreaded;
486 #endif
487 
488 #ifndef __cplusplus
489 
490 #define	__sfeof(p)	(((p)->_flags & __SEOF) != 0)
491 #define	__sferror(p)	(((p)->_flags & __SERR) != 0)
492 #define	__sclearerr(p)	((void)((p)->_flags &= ~(__SERR|__SEOF)))
493 #define	__sfileno(p)	((p)->_file)
494 
495 
496 #define	feof(p)		(!__isthreaded ? __sfeof(p) : (feof)(p))
497 #define	ferror(p)	(!__isthreaded ? __sferror(p) : (ferror)(p))
498 #define	clearerr(p)	(!__isthreaded ? __sclearerr(p) : (clearerr)(p))
499 
500 #if __POSIX_VISIBLE
501 #define	fileno(p)	(!__isthreaded ? __sfileno(p) : (fileno)(p))
502 #endif
503 
504 #define	getc(fp)	(!__isthreaded ? __sgetc(fp) : (getc)(fp))
505 #define	putc(x, fp)	(!__isthreaded ? __sputc(x, fp) : (putc)(x, fp))
506 
507 #define	getchar()	getc(stdin)
508 #define	putchar(x)	putc(x, stdout)
509 
510 #if __BSD_VISIBLE
511 /*
512  * See ISO/IEC 9945-1 ANSI/IEEE Std 1003.1 Second Edition 1996-07-12
513  * B.8.2.7 for the rationale behind the *_unlocked() macros.
514  */
515 #define	clearerr_unlocked(p)	__sclearerr(p)
516 #define	feof_unlocked(p)	__sfeof(p)
517 #define	ferror_unlocked(p)	__sferror(p)
518 #define	fileno_unlocked(p)	__sfileno(p)
519 #define	fputc_unlocked(s, p)	__sputc(s, p)
520 #endif
521 #if __POSIX_VISIBLE >= 199506
522 #define	getc_unlocked(fp)	__sgetc(fp)
523 #define	putc_unlocked(x, fp)	__sputc(x, fp)
524 
525 #define	getchar_unlocked()	getc_unlocked(stdin)
526 #define	putchar_unlocked(x)	putc_unlocked(x, stdout)
527 #endif
528 #endif /* __cplusplus */
529 
530 __END_DECLS
531 __NULLABILITY_PRAGMA_POP
532 
533 #endif /* !_STDIO_H_ */
534